NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Long Quiz 01
September 14, 2015, 8:00 AM 10:00 AM
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INSTRUCTIONS: This is a closed-notes-closed-books exam. Use only black or blue pen. Write your name,
student number, and section, on the upper portion of each page. Copy the HONOR CODE on the
second page of this document and place your signature and printed name after.
This document includes the questionnaire and has space for your solutions and answers. For the
multiple-choice part, write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided. No need to provide
the solution.
For the problem solving part, write your complete solution and/or proof. Label your graphs completely.
You may attach additional sheets if the spaces are not enough. Be sure to box your final answers. The
checker reserves the right to disregard solutions that are incomprehensible and/or illegible.
You are only allowed to consult with the instructor. Cheating will not be tolerated. Good luck!
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------HONOR CODE
I do hereby affirm, on my honor as a student at the end of this exercise, that I had no unlawful
knowledge of the questions or answers prior to this exercise and that I have neither given nor received
assistance in answering any of the questions during this exercise.
_________________________________________________
Name, Student Number and Signature
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

HONOR CODE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------___________________________________________
NAME, STUDENT NUMBER, and SIGNATURE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (2 POINTS EACH): Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided. No need to provide the solution.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

BONUS

18.

19.

20.

FOR QUESTIONS 1 TO 5: Three similar keypads were obtained from cell phone manufacturers: K1, K2, and
K3. The keypads differ from one another by their assigned alphanumeric and symbolic characters as
shown in the table.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
*
0
#

K1
<space>1
ABC2
DEF3
GHI4
JKL5
MNO6
PQRS7
TUV8
WXYZ9
*
.,?!0
#

K2
1.,?!
ABC2
DEF3
GHI4
JKL5
MNO6
PQRS7
TUV8
WXYZ9
*
0
<space>#

K3
1.,?!
ABC2
DEF3
GHI4
JKL5
MNO6
PQRS7
TUV8
WXYZ9
*
<space>0
#

1. What region is represented by character set: {1.,?!}?

A. 6
B. 7
2. What character/character set is
A. {ABC2}
B. {ABC21.,?!}

C. 5
D. 4

( K1 = 2) (( K 2 = 0) ( K3 = 1)) ?
C. {ABC201.,?!}
D. null space

NAME:

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STUDENT NUMBER:

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SECTION:

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3. Given the table. What is the mean number of presses to get an alphabet character from keys 2-9?
A. 1.5
B. 2

C. 1.75
D. 3

4. What character/character set is

~ ( K1 K 2 K3) ?

A. {.,?!0#<space>1}
B. {.,?!#<space>}

C. {.,?!<space>}
D. null space

5. What are the chances of getting a ? character after pressing 0 at least once in a randomly selected
keypad?
A. 1/3
B. 1/15

C. 1/12
D. 0

6. How many ways can a 10-item, true-false test be answered?

C. (2)(10)
D. 10!/2!

A. 210
B. 102

7. Given the same 10-items true-false test, what is the probability of getting exactly 5 correct answers?
A. (12)5(12)5(10!/2!)
B. (12)5(12)5

C. (12)5(12)5(10!/5!)
D. (12)5(12)5(10C5)

8. Which of the following statements are FALSE?

A. Given two events A and B, and (A & B) occurs, P(AB) is equal to the probability that B occurs
multiplied by the probability that A occurs given that B occurs.
B. If A & B are independent, the probability that B occurs given that A occurs, is equal to the
probability that B occurs.
C. If A & B are mutually independent and collectively exhaustive, the sum of their probabilities are
equal to 1.
D. If A & B are independent, the probability of their intersection is equal to the product of their
probabilities.
9. If the sample space S is partitioned to k subsets and events B1, B2, B3, ..., Bk are collectively
exhaustive and mutually exclusive, then for any event A subset of S, P(A) =?
k

A.

P ( Bi A)

C.

i=1
k

B.

i=1
k

P ( B ) P ( B A)
i

i=1

P ( B ) P ( B A)

D.

P ( B A)
i

i=1

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

10. If the probability that a commuter will make a mistake on what bus route to take along EDSA is 0.05,
find the probability that both Juan and John will both make mistakes given that Juana and Joanne
will NOT make mistakes. The four are unrelated.
C. (0.052)(0.052)
D. 0.052 + 0.052

A. 0.05 + 0.05
B. 0.052

11. The number of days that a student is considered as absent throughout one semester is an example
of:
A. Discrete random variable only
B. Continuous random variable only
12. If
A.

C. Mixed random variable

D. Neither, not a random variable

X is a valid discrete random variable, then the following holds true except:
X x is an event.

B.

P ( X x ) exists for any x .

C. X is any-real valued function on the sample space.
D. P ( X = x ) corresponds to a positive real number for any x .
13. The number of contractual labourers
probability distribution:

X in a factory working in a certain day has the following

x
20
30
40
P ( X = x ) 0.21 0.65 0.14
How many labourers are expected to work in a certain day?
A. 29.0
B. 29.3

C. 29.5
D. 30.0

14. From #13, if the number of items produced in a certain day is described by
many items are expected to be produced in a certain day?
A. 610
B. 616

Y = 30 + 20X , then how

C. 626
D. 630

15. It is also called as the second central moment of a random variable.

A. Mean
B. Mean square

C. Variance
D. Standard deviation

16. Which of the following correctly computes for P ( a < X b) for a continuous random variable
For the choices below, the term f X ( x ) refers to the PDF of

X?

X while FX ( x ) refers to the random

variables CDF.
A.

f X ( b) f X ( a )

C. FX ( b) FX ( a ) + f X ( b)

B.

FX ( b) FX ( a )

D. FX ( b) FX ( a ) + f X ( b) f X ( a )

NAME:

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STUDENT NUMBER:

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SECTION:

_______________

17. What should be the value for b so that the probability density function below will be valid for a
continuous random variable X ? BONUS

"$ 2x + b, 0 x < 3
fX ( x ) = #
0,
otherwise
%$
A. 3/2
B. 3

C. 8/3
D. 2/3

18. Which of the following is a valid CDF of a purely continuous random variable?

A.

C.

B.

D.

19. A continuous random variable

X has an associated expected value of 3 and variance of 16.

2
Determine the mean square value for the random variable, or E !" X #$ .
A. 7
B. 9

C. 19
D. 25

20. Suppose we have a continuous random variable

Y described by the PDF fY ( y ) and the CDF

FY ( y ) . Which of the following is ALWAYS true for FY ( y = a ) ?

A.

FY ( y = a ) is equivalent to

a
0

fY ( y ) dy .

B. It is equivalent to the evaluation of 1 P (Y > a ) .

C. It is equal to zero since we have a continuous random variable.
D. It is the probability that the random variable Y can have a value equal to a .

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

PROBLEM SOLVING: Write your complete solution and/or proof. Label your graphs completely. You may
attach additional sheets of ruled paper if the spaces are not enough. A specific color of ruled paper is
assigned to each problem for this case. Be sure to box your final answers.
PROBLEM 01 (15 POINTS, YELLOW): An EEE bar tender was asked to make a recipe chart of his three best
cocktails. His cocktails are as follows:
Cocktail
Bloody Bayes
Laplace on the beach
Faraday Island

Symbol
B
L
F

Ingredients
rum, coke, strawberry syrup, sugar
beer, coke, hot sauce, sugar
tequila, strawberry syrup, hot sauce, sugar

1. (3 POINTS) Make a Venn diagram representing the recipe chart.

2. (1 POINT EACH) Solve the following
a. ((~B)F)L
b. (~B)(~F)
c. (~B)(~F)(~L)
d. The mode of the ingredients list
3. (8 POINTS) The bartender has prepared 10-liter mix capable of supplying 40% B or 30% L or 30% F.
The ratio of coke to beer is always 75% while the ratio of coke to rum is 3:2. If there is 500ml sugar
and 750ml hot sauce for the concoction, how many liters of pure tequila is available? Draw and
complete the Venn diagram for the 10-liter mix.
Solutions:
1. Regions:
1. Others
2. Rum
3. Tequila
4. Beer
5. Coke
6. Strawberry Syrup
7. Hot Sauce
8. Sugar
2. a. hotsauce
b. beer
c. rum
d. sugar
3. Regions (in liters):
Rum
1.125
Tequila
1.125
Beer
1.00
Coke
0.75
Strawberry Syrup
Hot Sauce 0.75
Sugar
0.5
Others
5.875

0.625

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

PROBLEM 02 (15 POINTS, BLUE): In Metro Manila, it's rainy one third (1/3) of the days. Given that it is rainy,
there will be heavy traffic with probability 0.50, and given that it is not rainy, there will be heavy traffic
with probability 0.25.
If it's rainy and there is heavy traffic, Juan arrives late for work with probability 0.50. On the other hand,
the probability of Juan being late is reduced to 0.125 if it is not rainy and there is no heavy traffic. In
other situations (rainy and no traffic, not rainy and traffic) the probability of being late is 0.25. Picking a
random day, find the probability that Juan is late.
Use the following representation for the different events involved:
Random Variable
R
T
L

Description
Rainy day
Heavy traffic
Juan is late for work

For quick reference, the information given in the problem is summarized below:
Probability Statement
P(R)
P(T | R)
P(T | ~R)
P(L|(R T))
A.
B.
C.
D.
HINT:

Value
1/3
0.50
0.25
0.50

Probability Statement
P(L|(~R ~T))
P(L|(~R T))
P(L|(R ~T))

Value
0.125
0.25
0.25

(3 POINTS) Find the probability that it is traffic P(T).

(3 POINTS) Find the probability that it is not traffic given it is raining P(T'|R).
(3 POINTS) Find the probability that it is not traffic given it is not raining P (T'|R').
(6 POINTS) Find the probability that Juan is late P(L).
Find the following probabilities: P(~R), P(R T), P(~R ~T), P(R ~T), P(~R T).

SOLUTION:
A.
P(T) = P(T | R) P(R) + P(T | R') P(R')
= (12)(1/3) + (14) (2/3)
P(T) = 1/3
B.
P(T'|R) = 1 - P(T|R)
=1 12
P(T'|R) = 12
C.
P(T'|R') = 1 - P(T|R')
=1 14
P(T'|R') = 3/4
D.
P(L) = P(LRT) + P(LR'T ') + P(LRT ') + P(LR'T)
= P(L|RT)P(RT) + P(L|R'T ')P(R'T ') + P(L|RT ')P(RT ') + P(L|R'T)P(R'T) = (12)P(T|R)P(R) +
(1/8)P(T '|R')P(R') + (14)P(T '|R)P(R) + (14) P(T |R')P(R')
= (1/2)(1/2)(1/3) + (1/8)(3/4)(2/3) + (1/4)(1/2)(1/3) + (1/4)(1/4)(2/3)
= 11/48
P(L) = 11/48

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

PROBLEM 03 (15 POINTS, PINK): Suppose a randomly selected family has 3 children. Let
boys in the family. Assume that having a boy and girl is equally likely (i.e., P G = P B

( )

B the number of
) = 0.50 ). Assume

also that having a child is one at a time.

1. (4 POINTS) How many outcomes are possible? What is the probability of each outcome?
HINT: Providing a table might help you analyze this problem.
2. (2 POINTS) What is the range of B ?
3. (5 POINTS) Derive the PDF equation fB b .

( )

4. (2 POINTS) What is the probability that a randomly-selected family has at least one boy?
5. (2 POINTS) What is the expected number of boys in a randomly-selected, three-children family?
SOLUTION AND ANSWERS
NO PARTIAL POINTS
1. Outcomes:

2 2 2 = 23 = 8

Each having a probability of (e.g.

2. Range of B = {0, 1, 2, 3}
3. PDF of B: fB b = 0.125

( )

P (GGG ) ) 0.50 0.50 0.50 = 0.50 3 = 0.125

(b) + 0.375 (b 1) + 0.375 (b 2) + 0.125 (b 3)

4.

P ( B 1) = 1 P ( B = 0 ) = 0.875

5.

E [ B ] = 0.125 ( 0 ) + 0.375 (1) + 0.375 ( 2 ) + 0.125 (3) = 1.50

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015

NAME:

____________________________________

STUDENT NUMBER:

____________________________________

SECTION:

_______________

PROBLEM 04 (15 POINTS, GREEN): A computer program can generate a series of pseudo-random
numbers, which we can treat as a random variable X that follows a uniform distribution. For example, a
set of pseudo-random numbers coming from the range [0,1] will have the probability density function
below:

" 1, 0 x < 1
$
fX ( x ) = #
$
% 0, otherwise
A. (5 POINTS) Determine the mean and variance of X .
B. (3 POINTS) What is the probability that X will have a value that is one standard deviation away
from its mean?
C. (7 POINTS) A set of random numbers from a different interval a, b can be generated by using

the following transformation:

Y = a + ( b a ) X , where Y is the new random variable associated

with the mapping. What is mean and variance of Y in terms of a and b .
SOLUTION AND ANSWER:
E.

Correct mean

E [ X ] is given two (2) points, and correct variance X2 is given three (3) points. All

or nothing no partial points.

E [X] =

1
0

xf X ( x ) dx

x dx

= 0.50x

2 x=1
x=0

= 0.50
F.

Solving for

2
2
X2 = E "#( X E [ X ]) $% = E "# X 2 $% ( E [ X ])
2
= E "# X 2 $% ( 0.50 )

1
0

x3
=
3

x 2 dx 0.25
x=1

0.25 =
x=0

1
or 0.0833
12

P { X = E [ X ] X } { X = E [ X ] + X } . Correct answer yields 3 points. No partial

points.
Since we are looking for the probability that a continuous RV can have an exact value, the answer
must be ZERO.
G. Correct mean

E [Y ] is given three (3) points, and correct variance Y2 is given four (4) points. All

or nothing no partial points.

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015

NAME:

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STUDENT NUMBER:

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SECTION:

_______________

2
2
Y2 = E "#(Y E [Y ]) $% = E "#Y 2 $% ( E [Y ])
2
2
= E "&{a + ( b a ) X } $' {0.50 ( a + b)}
#
%
2
2
= E "&a 2 + 2a ( b a ) X + {( b a ) X } $' 0.25 ( a + b)
#
%

E [Y ] = E "#a + ( b a ) X $%
= E [ a] + (b a) E [ X ]
= a + ( b a ) ( 0.50 )
= 0.50 ( a + b)

2
2
= a 2 + 2a ( b a ) E [ X ] + ( b a ) E "# X 2 $% 0.25 ( a + b)
2

= a 2 + 2a ( b a ) E [ X ] + ( b a ) X2 + ( E [ X ]) 0.25 ( a + b)
+
2( 1
2
= a 2 + 2a ( b a ) ( 0.50 ) + ( b a ) * + 0.50 2 - 0.25 ( a + b)
) 12
,
1
= a 2 + ab a 2 + ( b 2 2ab + a 2 ) 0.25 ( b 2 + 2ab + a 2 )
3
(1 1 + 2 ( 2 1 +
(1 1 +
= * - a + *1 - ab + * - b 2
)3 4,
) 3 2,
)3 4,
1
2
1
1
2
= a 2 ab + b 2 = ( a b)
12
12
12
12

Long Quiz 01
EEE 25: Probability and Statistics for Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015