9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

Vibration Isolation
Importance of vibration isolation

Searchthissite...

OTHER TOPICS

Search

When an unbalanced machine is installed on the foundation, it produces

vibration in the foundation. So in order to prevent these vibrations or to
minimize the transmission of forces to the foundation, vibration isolation is

Introduction of Vibrations

important.
Methods of isolating the vibration
High speed engines / machines mounted on foundation and supports cause
vibrations of excessive amplitude because of the unbalanced forces. It can be
minimized by providing spring damper etc.
The materials used for vibration isolation are rubber, felt cork, etc. these are

Free and Forced Vibration of Single

Degree of Freedom Systems

Effect of Damping

placed between the foundations and vibrating body.

Force Transmissibility

Resonance

Consider the machine mounted in springs as shown in g. if the spring used

are helical and of steel, damping may be neglected, However, if leaf springs or

Critical Speeds of Shafts

rubber and cork padding are used, damping case, spring force can be
considered to be of two parts-one proportional to displacement and the other
proportional to velocity. So our model of g. can be used to represent realistic
conditions.

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

1/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

Force transmitted to the foundations is by spring (KX) and by dashpot (cX)

because these are the only connections. Spring force and damping force vectors
are at right angles. So the amplitude of force transmitted.

The ratio of the amplitude of the force transmitted to that of the exciting force is
called transmissibility of force and is

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

2/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

Which is non-dimensional quantity.

Transmissibility of motion
Let us nd the motion of the mass m in g. when the support is given a motion
y = y0 sin t (1)

It is clear that because of the presence of damping the mass m will have a
displacement lagging behind that of the support.
Let its motion be
x = X sin (t ) (2)
The equation of motion of mass m is
mx+c(x-y)+K(x-y) = 0 (3)
substituting for x, x and x from equation (2) and for y and y from equation (1),

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

3/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

substituting for x, x and x from equation (2) and for y and y from equation (1),
equation (3) yields.

Each one of the terms in equation represents a force. It may therefore be

represented by a rotating vector.
Plotting the vector gives the diagram of g.
From the triangle of forces

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

4/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

By transforming the above equations to the non-dimensional form, the following

are obtained

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

5/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

Equation, giving the expression for transmissibility o motion is the same as

equation (7) giving the expression for force transmissibility.
Transmissibility
Transmissibility is dened as the ratio of the force transmitted to the force applied.
It is measure of the eectiveness of the vibration isolating material.
Transmissibility

At resonance

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

6/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

When no damper is used = 0

Freuency response and phase relationship of single degree of freedom system with
base excitation transmissibility and phase relatively of a system.
At

the response is same as the magnitude of the excitation

amplitude for the values of damping.

For

the maximum experiences lower amplitude of vibration

than the base excitation.

For

damping is not useful, actually it increases the

amplitude for a given system.

At resonance = n, the phase angle is not 90.
A Single Degree of Freedom System Excited by Support Motion
http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

7/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

H() is maximum when

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

8/9

9/2/2016

VibrationIsolation

0Comments
Recommend

GradestackGateBlog

Share

Login

SortbyBest

Startthediscussion

Bethefirsttocomment.

ALSOONGRADESTACKGATEBLOG

BSNLJE2016Instrumentsand
MeasurementsQuiz2

AFCATExamMockTest6(EKTME)
1comment9daysago

FreeCalorimetryWebinar
Reactioncalorimetryinchemicalprocessindustry.Watchforfree!

Other Important Links : GATE Exam | GATE Study Notes | GATE Prep Android App

http://gradestack.com/gateexam/mechanicalengineering/vibrations/vibrationisolation/

9/9