SOLIDARITE EUROPEENNE J79 1130 Bruxelles Tél: + (32) 2-29-74886/74854 Rep-pers-osp-se-bxi@ec.europa.eu htto:/www.solidarite-euro.eu Abstract reasoning In English Trainer: Jean Marc Van NypelseerThe underlying principles of the logical graphic sequences are almost the same as the underlying principles of the numeric sequences and of the classical IQ exercises. Those are the following: 1. PROGRESSION Linear progression: 1 2 3 4 5 2 one four seven twenty ? (fifteen ? thirty two ? forty ? ninety 2) ahaa M Q 2? Additive progression with variable argument: 3 13 2107 3? Geometric progression:Double progression (or the Fibonacci kind): 1 4 2 3 5 8 13 2 34 2 2. NUMBER GROUPS © Pairs ‘* One may encounter progressions, separate progressions on the left and right number of the successive number groups, complementarity between the numbers within each group. ‘* The following numbers are on dominoes i fo iff 21 212 3? 5 [2 6 |i 0 [0 4]? 1 {2 BE] Te) 41 The modulo operation For a number A, such as 7 for dominoes, X modulo A is the remainder of the division of X by A. For instance, in the domino progression "4, 5, 6, 2, ?", the following term is "0", and the next "1". This is due to the fact that there are seven half dominoes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 0, It makes sense to start again from 0 when one goes up above 6. © The following numbers are coupled: 123/320 234/431 345/542 456/2«© Number tables First example: 1 f 72 2 yi {6 6 (2 |7 m (5 (3 rn a) 7 |) |8 | Second example: 8 3 0 5 5 5 ome | anaes ? T z 2 4 7 4 7 (2 3. EVOLUTION OPERATORS 6<4 5>8 1<5 4>7 8>1l 3>? Evolution operators are sometimes used in questions of the form "A is to B like Cis to 2" 2isto 8 as 3 isto(55? 27? 412 112) They can be used to move from one element to the next in a sequence (see the EPSO example)Symmetries: * Reflection symmetry © Central symmetry EE * a * Rotational symmetry TF = 7 4, MISCELLANEOUS Intruder principle: Which is the intruder? 7 13 : 17 22 Dog cow bird pond Semantic principles: The numbers may be values related by laws. They may also represent letters, or be considered as words and so on, The words can be used for their semantic content or for the characteristics of their letters Bad example (intruder): bull gander rooster hen Good example (sequence): hen bull gander roosterNormally, in a multicultural and multilingual environment, this kind of exercise is unlikely to appear, but the principle of "another angle" may apply, and one should be ready. PRACTIC. First step: identify the evolutions Second step: look at the answers Examples (sources: various documents) Example | : Find the missing piece Deux exampiae de questions ‘eel deux exomoea do «mations do Revon » de mariéo & vas feriorisr ave oe ype earcice, Cirne pres ‘utes ge domino, I raphe cand dr ebtoe on roar un begun urna sles Rgtes georges ‘ne cles Selon as, vous pourez evar Sresavore 403 GD prbismes de oe ype enn ere (gt 8 ‘querer. Brengiet2. Complete each sequence with the element that logically follows. Answer in the box to the right. peal l KACr NIA REIN ST § FEMA 7 Oh. HK = e 8 Ew \ohkK- 1 ISS OOO wie : 2 Ses Lo ae Oks DADGI. 2) 1.3.6.10.... 3) 1.1.2.3, 5.0 4) 21.20. 18.15.11... 5)8.6.7.5.6.4... 6) 65536, 256. 16.... 7) 1.0.-1.0. 8) 3968. 63. 8.3... TAVITA? Done r Aw Ne Qu? 7 AADS asta Sam? _ a . ome lol v7] o (oloi fp GR a Gp ‘Q 2 ‘a5. Two elements are missing in each analogy. Put the letters that designate the missing elements in the boxes to the right Aw Tae Pm? _ Oo oO ‘wO "se a ona ae Pena? aay EP: PLInstructions This test uses diagrams to evaluate your capacity for abstract reasoning. Each question presents a series of diagrams that form a logical sequence or that embody a set of underlying rules. Your assignment is to select the next diagram in the sequence. After each question, there are a number of options. There is one and only one correct answer for each question. Select the answer that you think is right. Now, here are a few examples for you to train - they are presented to help you understand what you should do in such a test. 1. Among the available options, please select the diagram that follows in the sequence. LEE Cue2, Among the available options, please select the diagram that follows in the sequence,3. Among the available options, please select the diagram that follows in the sequence, VE Eng Bg] Bae Eig Fi] EL Gi Bul Ge ANSWER: B