WELL TEST PROCEDURE

Basically we carry out well test to know individual characteristics

of wells which enable us to monitor and report appropriately to
Head of Production Department and Petroleum Engineering
Department for data analysis and determination of new flowing
choke size.

Well testing will make us know the following:

1- Gas Production per day
2- Oil Production per day
3- Water production per day
4- Salinity
5- Impurities (Sand & Hard Particles)
6- To also determine wells on critical flow.

PARAMETER MEEASUREMENT FOR CALCULATION

The parameters required for gas calculation are: Temperature,
Static Pressure and Differential Pressure.
Separator Static Pressure and Temperature can be obtained
either from locally mounted gauges or from the Circular Chart
in Barton Recorder. Differential Pressure can be derived from
the circular chart inserted in a Barton Recorder

The Barton Recorder

After introducing a well into Test Separator, we allow flow
stabilization for a period of about 2hrs. Within this period, both
level and static pressure must have attained and stabilized at
the set points.

Set point is the desired operative value for pressure and level
during well test.
The field operator starts obtaining reading or required
parameter at interval of one or two hours as the case may be.
This will run into 6 to 12 hours as instructed.
At the end, figure computation is carried out to get Gas, Oil and
Water Production from the well. This can be calculated for 24hrs,
a month or a year.

GAS MEASUREMENT:
Gas measurement is carried out with the aid of Daniel Orifice Box
and Barton Recorder.
An orifice plate is inserted into a lower chamber of Daniel Orifice
Box hence enabling gas flow through an opening of the orifice
plate. Because the Orifice is smaller than internal pipe bore, it
creates a difference between the upstream and the downstream
pressure across the orifice. In all cases upstream pressure is
higher than downstream pressure.
The difference between upstream and downstream pressure is
known as the differential pressure. The differential pressure which
is interpreted by the DP Cell will be recorded on the circular chart.
The reading will be taken according to the chart range in inches of
water.
A temperature sensor or probe is installed upstream the Daniel
orifice Box, in a thermowell and run to the Barton Recorder, the
reading will be recorded on the Chart either on degrees Celsius of
on degrees Fahrenheit.. All calculations are done in Fahrenheit.
Static pressure is tapped from upstream the Daniel Orifice box to
Barton Recorder for recording.

Other parameters required for your calculation are:

Supper Compressibility, Reynolds number, Gauge location factor,
line bore.
Due to advance in technology Gas Calculation is computerized. All
you need is to enter average parameters and get the final result.

OIL MEASUREMENT:
Meters that can be found in NAOC Locations for well Testing.
1- Flocco Meter
2- Broadmatic Meter
3- Turbine Meter
Usually installed at the oil outlet, before the LCV.
Flocco and Broadmatic Meters are mechanical while Turbine meter
is electronically operated with DC Current.
The advantage of turbine meter is that it tolerates anomalies like
gas flow while the other two can damage.

PRODUCED WATER MEASUREMENT:

Flocco and Broadmatic meters are used to measure produced
water and installed before the LCV.

SAMPLE
Oil sample will be obtained from the Well Head for Lab analysis
during well test.
Gas sample is usually obtained by Industrial Lab Technicians for
analysis also.

Parameters required from Lab after analysis

Observed Specific Gravity
Observed Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
Specific Gravity Degrees Fahrenheit
API
BS & W
Salinity

NWAONUMAH, A. B fcai
LAR PROD. COORD.