Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Akshay Shah
1350290
A Research Project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture
Professional. Unitec Institute of Technology, 2014
Abstract
The title Bambupyog is a combination of two Hindi words, bambu
design. The site and its analysis, and the program development led
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to my
supervisors Dr. Dushko Bogunovich and Rau Hoskins.
I am thankful for their pragmatic advice, aspiring guidance,
invaluably constructive criticism, time and support.
I am ever grateful to Brendan Smith for all his effort and
enthusiasm to provide relevant research material. I thank David
Chaplin and all the tutors for the discussion and critique during
presentations.
I dedicate this book to my parents Smruti and Vijay, my brother
Vishaal and also thank my grandparents, family and friends for their
love and support, making this an inspirational and enjoyable
journey.
My grandfather who passed away when I was very young would
have been very happy and impressed.
Contents
1.0 Introduction
42
1.1
Research Question
4.1
1.2
Outline of Project
42
1.3
4.2
48
1.4
1.5
Methodology
Program
5.1
42
50
52
52
2.1
Why Bamboo?
52
2.2
Socio-Cultural Significance
10
55
2.3
Temporary to Contemporary
14
72
2.4
Shared Knowledge
15
5.2
80
16
80
81
84
5.3
90
3.0 Precedents
3.1
18
3.2
22
3.3
26
3.4
30
3.5
34
3.6
38
3.7
Concluding statements
41
Building B - Workshop
Building C - Exhibition
90
92
100
5.4
104
6.0 Conclusion
106
7.0 Bibliography
110
114
9.0 Appendix A
120
10.0 Appendix B
124
1.0 Introduction
1.1
Research Question
1.2
Outline of Project
1.3
1.4
1.5
Methodology
Why Bamboo?
2.2
Socio-Cultural Significance
10
Ibid., 141.
Oxford Dictionary, Mandap, accessed January
25, 2014,
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/eng
lish/mandap
10
Merriam-Webster, Pandal, accessed January
25, 2014, http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/pandal
9
16
Ibid., 22.
13
2.3
Temporary to Contemporary
17
20
Ibid., 71
Vegesack, Grow Your Own House, 9.
2.4
Shared Knowledge
3.0 Precedents
Figure 23
16
Figure 24
Figure 25
Figure 26
Figure 27
Figure 28
17
Figure 29 - The Heart of Green School - The most elaborate structure on the campus has three interweaving cones comprised of swirling helixes.
Figure 30 - Elevation
18
Figure 31 - Plan
27
28
Figure 45 - Structural detailing - Note the use of bamboo culm roots and split sections to support the floor
Figure 50 - Section
Figure 51 - Plan
Figure 54 - Interior
34
36
Figure 60 - Elevation
37
32
Figure 67 - Construction
33
39
36
37
41
43
Ibid., 59.
Frey, Simn Vlez, 126.
Ibid., 126.
Vegesack, Grow Your Own House, 59.
41
Site Criteria
42
47
50
49
Figure 92 - Nature park vegetation - Though vegetation is dense in the western part of the site,
the eastern end is relatively open
4.2
Program
Building B - Workshop
Building C - Exhibition
Figure 98 - Circulation
51
Administrative office
Gallery and information space for
visitors
Possible accommodation spaces
Circulation
Columns
and
structural
frame:
Techniques, derived from bamboo
scaffolding joinery and connections, will
be used to create bamboo columns.
Multiple culms will be lashed using coir
rope/twine, made from coconut fibres
which can be sourced from palms on site.
Other structural elements, including
beams, trusses and purlins can be pin
jointed using steel bolts. These can then
be lashed.
54
I
Figure 106 - Deriving the form
II
III
IV
Bolts and
lashing
Bolts and
lashing
Component Assembly
56
II
III
IV
VI
59
Administrative Office
II
III
60
VI
II
Figure 116 - Deriving the structural frame
III
62
IV
64
67
68
69
70
Developed Plan
5
3
2
3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.1.3 Design Outcome - Spatial Experience - Visual Journey through the Learning Centre
The Learning Centre is the first group of
buildings visitors see when entering the
site. The first image illustrates this
viewpoint. The second is viewed from the
pathway which leads north to the
workshop building. In this image, to the
far left is the administration office. It is
located strategically because of its
proximity to the learning centre and its
functions, the workshop, bamboo
plantation and the exhibition space.
72
73
74
75
76
to
design
prefabricated
bamboo
structures and buildings. The bamboo
panel walls enclose the studios and can be
easily replaced with the aforementioned
screens. These components which can be
easily clipped on or off, and replaced,
allow flexibility in the functional use of the
spaces.
77
78
5
3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
82
83
85
Assembly
Individual prefabricated units are devised
to accommodate storage spaces. These
units are placed in between the columns.
Their position corresponds to the relevant
function of a particular space in the
workshop.
88
89
The
minimal
demolition
involves
deconstructing the inner walls of 3 spaces
that provide access from the exterior. This
enables cross-movement axes which
provide circulation. The 4 enclosed spaces
will perform their original functions, and
the other 4 open spaces will be used for
exhibitions and other events. An
amphitheatre is added in the central
space. Talks, exhibitions and events
related to advances in bamboo
construction and ecological education will
be centred in this space. The surrounding
spaces and their functions will then
complement this space.
92
93
Bamboo Structure
94
95
Assembly
96
97
98
99
5.3.3 Design Outcome - Spatial Experience - Visual Journey through the Exhibition Centre
Figure 159 - Entrance - The four open quadrants each form an entrance into the central space. These spaces are dedicated to the functioning
of the Bamboo Ecological Education centre. The other four enclosed spaces are used by the existing education centre. Depending on different
scenarios, there can be a crossover. Exhibits displayed include finished prefabricated bamboo elements, joinery techniques and models.
100
Figure 160 - Interior - Since the beams above the open spaces are omitted, bamboo culms emerge from the ring beams on either end.
101
Figure 161 - Amphitheatre - The open and enclosed spaces are radially located around the central space which is an amphitheatre. Lectures,
functions and events can take place here. Large scale bamboo exhibits are displayed, and visitors can circulate around them. The bamboo
dome with its oculus covers this space and creates a strong visual aesthetic. The structure in itself becomes an exhibit.
102
Figure 162 - Circulation - A pathway around the amphitheatre facilitates circulation around the building and into the different spaces.
103
A - Learning Centre
B - Workshop
C - Exhibition Centre
6.0 Conclusion
Unsustainable construction practices and
uncontrolled urban growth around the
world have put immense strain on our
environment. One particularly detrimental
effect is the deforestation due to timber
harvesting. The other is the enormous
carbon footprint of the modern
construction materials- cement, glass and
steel. Thus the construction industries in
developing countries are the ever greater
source of the destabilisation of the global
ecosystem.
As we seek more environmentally
responsible ways to build ever more
buildings, we too often forget the
solutions from the recent past. Bamboo
used to be the dominant construction
material in India. Its useful features and
advantages are exceptional and transcend
the boundaries of architecture and
construction. Coincidentally, the plant
originates from developing areas, where
the need for building sustainably is the
greatest. This is all the more reason that it
is an apt solution.
106
53
54
57
107
108
60
109
7.0 Bibliography
Books:
Frey, Pierre and Deidi von Schaewen. Simn Vlez, Architecte : La Matrise Du Bambou = Simn Vlez, Architect : Mastering Bamboo. Arles: Actes Sud, 2013.
Heinsdorff, Markus and Christian Baumert. Markus Heinsdorff : Design with Nature : Die Bambusbauten = the Bamboo Architecture. Munich: Hirmer Verlag
Munchen, 2010.
Henrikson, Robert and David Greenberg. Bamboo Architecture: In Competition and Exhibition. Hawaii: Ronore Enterprises, 2011.
Humanity, Architecture for. Design Like You Give a Damn [2]: Building Change from the Ground Up. New York: Abrams, 2012.
Janssen, Jules J. A. Building with Bamboo : A Handbook. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1995.
Minke, Gernot. Building with Bamboo. Basel: Birkhuser, 2012.
Tingli, Mo. Tropical Experience. Hong Kong: Artpower International, 2014.
Vegesack, Alexander von, Mateo Kries, Vitra Design Museum, ZERI Foundation, and C.I.R.E.C.A. Grow Your Own House : Simn Vlez Und Die
Bambusarchitektur = Simn Vlez and Bamboo Architecture . Weil am Rhein, Germany: Vitra Design Museum, 2000.
Vidiella, lex Sanchez. Bamboo. Barcelona: Loft Publications, 2011.
Xiao, Yan, Masafumi Inoue, and Shyam K. Paudel. Modern Bamboo Structures: Proceedings of the First International Conference. Leiden: Taylor & Francis,
2008.
110
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ArchDaily, The German-Chinese House at the Shanghai World Expo 2010. Accessed January 28, 2014. http://www.archdaily.com/58871/the%E2%80%9Cgerman-chinese-house%E2%80%9D-at-the-shanghai-world-expo-2010/
ArchDaily, The Green School / PT Bambu. Accessed January 28, 2014. http://www.archdaily.com/?p=81585
Architectural, 24H architecture. Accessed September 4, 2014. http://www.arthitectural.com/24h-architecture-ecological-children-activity-and-educationcenter/?
Bambooroo, Bamboo Treatment. Accessed April 3, 2014. http://www.bambooroo.net/about_bamboo.php
BBC News, Life in a slum. Accessed July 28, 2014. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/world/06/dharavi_slum/html/dharavi_slum_intro.stm
Chauhan, Chetan, Green gold bamboo to augment livelihoods of tribals in India. Last modified March 11, 2011.
http://southasia.oneworld.net/news/green-gold-bamboo-to-augment-livelihood-of-tribals-in-india#.VAZLMvmSxGY
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CS Globe, The Greenest School on Earth. Last modified June 14, 2013. http://csglobe.com/the-greenest-school-on-earth/
Designboom, Earth architecture handmade school Bangladesh. Last modified February 24, 2010. http://www.designboom.com/architecture/eartharchitecture-handmade-school-bangladesh/
111
Designboom, PT Bamboo Pure: Green School, Bali. Last modified August 24, 2012. http://www.designboom.com/architecture/pt-bamboo-pure-greenschool-bali/
Dezeen, Bamboo becoming increasingly popular in Chinese architecture. Last modified July 17, 2014. http://www.dezeen.com/2014/07/17/interviewdylan-baker-rice-affect-t-bamboo-becoming-increasingly-popular-in-chinese-architecture/
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Flander, Kathleen de, Manizales/ Zeri Pavilion. Last modified August 29, 2011. http://resourceculture.de/blog/articles/manizales-zeri-pavilion-simon-velez
Guadua Bamboo, Advantages of Building with Bamboo Accessed February 17, 2014. http://www.guaduabamboo.com/blog/advantages-of-building-withbamboo
Guadua Bamboo. Bamboo preservation and treatment. Accessed April 3, 2014. http://www.guaduabamboo.com/bamboo-preservation/
The Guardian UK, Waste not, want not in the 700m slum. Last modified March 4, 2007.
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Heringer, Anna, METI - Handmade School in Rudrapur, Bangladesh. Accessed May 8, 2014. http://www.anna-heringer.com/index.php?id=31
The Hindu, Strong, stylish, long-lasting. Last modified August 1, 2014. http://www.thehindu.com/features/homes-and-gardens/strong-stylishlonglasting/article6271881.ece?goback=.gde_4939178_member_5901985812001628161
112
The Indian Express, Makeover: Mahim Nature Park invites suggestions. Accessed May 8, 2014.
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Magical Mumbai, Mahim Nature Park. Accessed August 15, 2014. http://www.magicalmumbai.com/2625/maharashtra-nature-park-mahim-nature-parkdharavi-mumbai/
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Merriam-Webster, Pandal. Accessed January 25, 2014. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pandal
Nawang, Mahim Nature Park. Accessed April 15, 2014. http://www.nawang.com/mahim_nature_park.htm
Oxford Dictionary, Mandap. Accessed January 25, 2014. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/mandap
Rohrbach, Daniela, ZERI Pavilion. Accessed July 18, 2014. http://bambus.rwthaachen.de/eng/reports/zeri/englisch/referat-eng.html
TED Blog, A day at the Green School in Bali. Last modified May 31, 2011. http://blog.ted.com/2011/05/31/a-day-at-the-green-school-in-bali/
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Tunas, Devisanthi, Bamboo: A poor mans timber no more. Last modified April 16, 2013. http://greenasiaforce.com/Blog/885/
ZERI, Bamboo: Colombia. Accessed December 20, 2013. http://zeri.org/ZERI/Bamboo.html
113
114
116
http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wpcontent/uploads/2010/05/1273073417-german-chinese-house-smallweb-528x352.jpg
Figure 59: Elevation at night. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/imagesResized/projects/780_201211201032206fad5eaf1a65c4cbd481
2c7e92ebcf37520a6b3c.jpg
Figure 60: Elevation. Reproduced fromhttp://heinsdorff.de/sites/default/files/imagecache/529x/home/installa
tionen/festesbild/EXPO_2010_Deutsch-Chinesisches_Haus_01.png
Figure 61: Upper level. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/imagesResized/projects/560_201211201031522216b4c50ca5fa44c89e
b0379f999aca68908dca.jpg
Figure 62: Support structure. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/20121120103205e397758e34eb19eeb1268c3441c991
d2da55c2d7.jpg?560
Figure 63: Laminated bamboo. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/201211201032122972c1ee3ad988d2b519837675efd6
c782867556.jpg?560
Figure 64: Columns connected to floor. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/201211201033048fdda0c8de6eaed71e5666fac0e3c00
00b4b542e.jpg?560
Figure 65: Columns connected to roof frame. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/201211201032481b5c6193d23aa36cd95049df5e1042
37ffaa44cd.jpg?560
Figure 66: Laminated bamboo frame. Reproduced from-
http://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/20121120103240cc59cb514225c7555e101a563e865c
0be5ccb59d.jpg?560
Figure 67: Construction. Reproduced fromhttp://detailonline.com/inspiration/sites/inspiration_detail_de/uploads
/images/projects/20121120103257bb55e4cdc8cfeda919effa9d77f63c04
0a2d4b90.jpg?560
Figure 68: Front view. Reproduced fromhttp://img.archilovers.com/projects/BB06CAD4-CFF0-418B-8C2F27265BF6AAED.jpg
Figure 69: Entrance at night. Reproduced fromhttp://blog.gessato.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/meti-schoolhand-built-sustainable-architecture-gessato-gblog-9.jpg
Figure 70: Classroom interior. Reproduced fromhttp://blognamepending.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/elechighclassii.j
pg
Figure 71: Earth walls and bamboo frame. Reproduced fromhttp://img.archilovers.com/projects/DAC8968B-1C8F-49F0-A90B71BC6D8AFC98.jpg
Figure 72: Bamboo bound with rope. Reproduced fromhttp://blognamepending.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/img_5214.jpg
Figure 73: Floor frame 1:1 mock-up. Reproduced fromhttp://immo-skandal.de/wp-content/uploads/DSCF2097.jpg
Figure 74: Triple layer bamboo floor frame. Reproduced fromhttp://blognamepending.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/img_5059.jpg?w
=848
Figure 75: Interior space. Reproduced fromhttp://www.designboom.com/cms/images/fiona02/earth006.jpg
Figure 76: Multifunction space. Reproduced fromhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Heringe
r_meti_school.jpg/1024px-Heringer_meti_school.jpg
Figure 77: Teaching space on upper floor. Reproduced from-
http://img.archilovers.com/projects/4319F77B-76D0-4D00-84E48DA8487D5467.jpg
Figure 78: Teaching space on ground floor. Reproduced fromhttp://www.designboom.com/cms/images/fiona02/earth008.jpg
Figure 79: Prototype design. Reproduced fromhttp://o.homedsgn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/BloomingBamboo-03.jpg
Figure 80: Day and Night. Reproduced fromhttp://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wpcontent/uploads/2013/09/52422e13
e8e44e67bf00001c_bb-home-h-p-architects_-c_doan_thanh_ha__portada.jpg
Figure 81: Main living space. Reproduced fromhttp://e-zeppelin.ro/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2013/10/62-HPArchitects-Blooming-Bamboo-Home.-Humanitarian-Architecture-inVietnam.jpg
Figure 82: View from mezzanine. Reproduced fromhttp://www.magazindomov.ru/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Bb-Home6.jpg
Figure 83: Adaptability. Reproduced fromhttp://www.archello.com/sites/default/files/imagecache/media_image/
BB___4.jpg
Figure 84: Concept for multiple dwellings. Reproduced fromhttp://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/09/dezeen_Blooming-BambooHome-by-HP-Architects_16_1000.jpg
Figure 85: India with Mumbai in the west
Figure 86: Mumbai vicinity map
Figure 87: Location map
Figure 88: Mahim Nature Park
Figure 89: Mahim Nature Park. Reproduced fromhttps://www.flickr.com/photos/solitudeyatra/5414577155/in/set72157625972646202/
Figure 90: Dharavi Slum. Reproduced from117
http://thecityfix.com/files/2011/09/dharavi.jpg
Figure 91: Context Map
Figure 92: Nature Park vegetation. Reproduced fromhttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/-hYFVhu7FpoE/UoMehJGrkI/AAAAAAAAI6s/MqxwNf6LwgA/s1600/P1040552.JPG
Figure 93: Mithi River. Reproduced fromhttps://www.flickr.com/photos/solitudeyatra/5414600817/in/set72157625972646202/
Figure 94: Existing education building. Reproduced fromhttp://www.oktatabyebye.com/TravelBlogimages/mnp%20(Large)2.JPG
Figure 95: Interior open-air amphitheatre
https://www.facebook.com/293682316395/photos/a.408792066395.19
1944.293682316395/408792746395/?type=1
Figure 96: Site Layout
Figure 97: Cyclic process
Figure 98: Circulation
Figure 99: Spatial Diagram
Figure 100: Bamboo culms. Reproduced fromhttp://www.bikudo.com/photo_stock/227822.jpg
Figure 101: Coir twine. Reproduced fromhttp://img.21food.com/20110609/product/1211264670609.jpg
Figure 102: Corrugated steel / Bamboo roof. Reproduced fromhttp://www.export-forum.com/more/asia/images/3269-GCI-sheet.jpg
Figure 103: Making base blocks. Reproduced fromhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/media/images/45826000/jpg/_45826088_bricks
766.jpg
Figure 104: Bamboo lattice wall. Reproduced fromhttp://www.publicdomainpictures.net/pictures/30000/nahled/bamboolattice.jpg
Figure 105: Bamboo board floor. Reproduced from-
118
http://loquetuquierasoir.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/whitebamboo-flooring-texturebamboo-cutting-board-texture-picture-freephotograph-photos-gbfi9hw7.jpg
Figure 106: Deriving the form
Figure 107: Bamboo beam component
Figure 108: Bamboo column component
Figure 109: Assembly
Figure 110: Assembly
Figure 111: Individual group spaces
Figure 112: Multiple floor assembly
Figure 113: Upper level
Figure 114: Admin interior
Figure 115: Exterior
Figure 116: Deriving the structural form
Figure 117: Structural frame
Figure 118: Info / Gallery Pavilion
Figure 119: Bamboo panel and lattice wall
Figure 120: Access
Figure 121: Spatial Planning and axonometric
Figure 122: Deriving the roof structure
Figure 123: Central Space structure
Figure 124: Interior
Figure 125: Developed Plan
Figure 126: View from south and north
Figure 127: Operable faade
Figure 128: Information Centre / Gallery Interior
Figure 129: Information Centre / Gallery Interior
Figure 130: Central Activity / Training Space
Figure 131: Individual Group Studios
Figure 132: 1st Floor and Ground Floor
Figure 133: Administrative Office
Figure 134: Plan adapted for slum use
119
9.0 Appendix A
Figure 166 - Religious Pandal - With an interior bamboo structure and decorated exterior
Figure 167 - Bamboo roof structure- Note the use of timber poles as well
61
Figure 170 - Bamboo growing on site - The Nature Park provides suitable conditions for the growth of many species of flora. Wild bamboo, as illustrated above, grows in
abundance.
123
10.0 Appendix B
124
125
126
129
130
Building B - Workshop
131
132
133
134
136
137