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Proceedings of ICAER-2016
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Abstract- In present study cellulose was isolated from Prosopis juliflora, one of the obnoxious wild plants
followed by its chemical modification into Cellulose acetate. The conditions optimized for isolation of cellulose
were concentration of aqueous NaOH, concentration of sodium chlorite, process time and temperature with
distilled water as solvent medium .Further reaction temperature for acetylation reaction were optimized. Best
results obtained for isolation of cellulose were 50% sodium chlorite with 20% sodium hydroxide at 90C for
120 min. Optimized conditions for acetylation of cellulose was found to be at 100 C for 18hr examined.
Cellulose and cellulose acetate were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Keywords- Cellulose, Cellulose acetate, Prosopis juliflora, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
I.
INTRODUCTION:
Natural polymers have various advantages over synthetic polymers. Furthermore, utilizing biopolymers from
weed species will reduce its negative impacts on environment and also eradication cost. This study aims at
isolation cellulose from weed plant and its chemical modification. Plant biomass consists of cellulose,
hemicellulose, lignin, pectin and protein. Most of the plant biomass consists of about 33 % of cellulose as the
major component of the rigid cell walls. Cellulose is a linear and high molecular weight polymer as well as
natural, renewable and biodegradable material. However, due to its high crystallinity and strong inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bond, cellulose neither melts nor dissolves in the most common organic solvents, therefore,
reduces its applicability. In order to increase the cellulose applicability, an alternative pathway is to convert the
cellulose to its derivatives such as cellulose acetate through chemical reaction. Cellulose acetate is important for
its soluble property in organic solvents where several applications are utilized in frame coatings in manufacture
of eye glasses, membranes for waste water treatment
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ISBN-13: 978-1537584836
Proceedings of ICAER-2016
B. Extraction
Extraction of resins, fatty matter, polar compounds was done by soxhlet extraction using hexane, methanol and
methanol.
S/N
Treatment
Parameters
Conditions
Hydrogen peroxide
5 mL-35 mL
Sodium chlorite
10%- 60%
Sodium hydroxide
60 min-120 min
30 C -60 C
6h-18h
30C-90C
4
5
Acetylation
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ISBN-13: 978-1537584836
Proceedings of ICAER-2016
899.24
1060.66
1160.76
1370.11
1326.41
1434.26
1643.45
1640.82
3444.73
3350.48
2.5
2.0
Cellulose
standard
Absorbance Units
1.5
Absorbance Units
1.5
2.0
2.5
35ml
H2O2
25ml
H2O2
15ml
H2O2
5ml
2898.28
2895.98
3.0
3600
3200
2800
2400
2000
1800
1600
Wavenumber cm-1
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
H2O2
3600
CELLULOSE-3
CELLULOSE-3
CELLULOSE-3
CELLULOSE-3
3200
2800
2400
2000
1800
1600
Wavenumber cm-1
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
CELLULOSE-3
2.5
3.0
CELLULOSE-3
1.5
30 min
2.0
60min
Absorbance Units
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
Absorbance Units
1.5
120min
3600
3200
2800
2400
2000
1800
1600
Wavenumber cm-1
1400
1200
1000
800
600
CELLULOSE-3
3600
400
2800
2400
2000
1800
1600
Wavenumber cm-1
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
CELLULOSE-3
CELLULOSE-3
3200
CELLULOSE ACETATE
Colour of isolated cellulose slightly improved with increasing temperature of sodium hydroxide treatment from
30-90C. Texture was improved with variation of sodium hydroxide reaction time from 60min to 120 min
[Graph 3]. Further increase in time and temperature led to degradation of reaction mixture and hence optimized
process condition were fixed at 90 C and 120 min for sodium hydroxide treatment. Comparison of Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy of isolated cellulose from Prosopis juliflora with that of standard cellulose
obtained from Sigma-Aldrich indicated strong resemblance between the isolated cellulose with that of cellulose
standard [Graph 2]. FTIR spectra showed slight modification in the structure of cellulose to cellulose acetate at
30 C for 6h, 12h and 18h and 60 C after 6h. Prominent peaks at 1753 cm1 shows the progress of acetylation at
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ISBN-13: 978-1537584836
Proceedings of ICAER-2016
60C for 6h, 12h and 18h where as significant change in the reaction of cellulose to cellulose acetate is seen at
100 C for 18h [Graph 4].
IV. CONCLUSION
This study explores the potential application of cellulose through the utilization of weed plant, thus reducing an
obnoxious plant weed posing threat to environment.
V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to faculty of Department of Chemical engineering, RVCE and
Director, Institute of wood science and technology for their support in the completion of the work successfully.
VI. REFERENCES
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