INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LINGUISTICS

GENERAL REVIEW
PART I: PHONETICS
I. Transcribe the following words using IPA. Then describe the first and the last sound.
1. shout

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/ / _________________________
/ / _________________________

2. ledge

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/ / _________________________
/ / _________________________

3. chap

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/ / _________________________
/ / _________________________

4. truth

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/ / _________________________
/ / _________________________

5. thanks

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/ / _________________________
/ / _________________________

PART II PHONOLOGY
II. Transcribe the following words PHONETICALLY AND PHONEMICALLY. Then list the
processes that have applied.
1. tenth
/_______________________ /
[______________________________]
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2. spill
/_______________________ /
[______________________________]
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3. inches
/_______________________ /
[______________________________]
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4. thanks
/_______________________ /
[______________________________]
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PART III

MORPHOLOGY, SYLLABLE STRUCTURE, STRESS PREDICTION

III. Diagram the syllable structure with the corresponding PHONETIC representation for the
following verbs. Explain why the stress is where it is.
1. agree

2. materialize

3. posit

4. imagine

IV. Diagram the MORPHOLOGICAL and the STRESS STRUCTURE for the following
compound words.
1. car accident

2. car accident news

3. car accident news report

4. race car accident report

V. List all 8 inflectional suffixes in English and give an example for each one of them.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Identify whether the following words are an instance of

prefix, clipping, acronym, blending, compounding, back formation, conversion, suffix

train station
doc
She wants to party all night
brunch

5. to sculpt
6. PIN
7. mis8. -ful

PART IV SYNTAX
VII.

Diagram the following sentences

1. Did the Vietnamese taxi driver wonder if the foreign rider of the taxi would tip him
generously?
2. Hasn't the famous journalist said why the French President would resign next week?
3. Those book authors may have been receiving large amounts of money from those companies.
PART V

SEMANTICS

VIII.

Define the semantic roles for the underlined NPs.

1.
2.

Susan got a scholarship from the government.

Tom carried the books to the library for his syntax teacher. (also, what is the semantic
role of syntax?)
The naughty children broke the window with a stone.

3.

IX.

The following sentence is ambiguous. Propose two different structures and explain the
difference semantically (in terms of theta-roles).
Mary cooked dinner for her mother.

X.

Identify whether the following pairs of words or underlined nouns are an instance of
Synonymy, metonymy, homonymy, hyponymy, antonymy, polysemy

1. animal, snake
2. true/false
3. cab/taxi

PART VI

4. bear/bare
5. How many races have you seen?
6. Get your butt over here!

PRAGMATICS

XI.
Give an original example (not from the book or class) of the following phenomena. Use
sentences:
1. anaphora
2. cataphora
3. temporal deixis
4. directional deixis
XII. Consider the following pairs of sentences. Is the second sentence a PRESUPPOSITION
or an INFERENCE? Justify your answer.
a. The king of Vietnam is old./ b. Vietnam has a king.
b. The king of Vietnam is old./ b. Someone is old.