ELEMENTS OF URBAN

SIGNAGE

LIGHTING

PARKING

LANDSCAPING

SERVICE AREAS

DESIGN

FENCING

BUILDING MATERIALS

BUILDING ARTICULATION

TRANSPORTATION

PUBLIC AREAS

SIGNAGE

ENVIRONMENTAL GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION WHOSE FUNCTIONS INCLUDE

DIRECTION, IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION OR ORIENTATION, REGULATION,
WARNING, OR RESTRICTION.

SYMBOLS OR WORDS WHOSE FUNCTION IT IS TO PROVIDE DIRECTIONS,

IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION, ORIENTATION, WARNINGS, REGULATIONS OR
RESTRICTIONS.

SIGNAGE INCLUDE DIRECTION SIGNS , SIGNS LOCALITY, STREET AND

NUMBERING , INFORMATION SIGNS , ETC.

ALL TYPES OF SIGNS SHOULD BE VISIBLE, CLEAR, SIMPLE, EASY TO READ AND
UNDERSTAND, AND PROPERLY LIT AT NIGHT.

IN GENERAL, SIGNS SHOULD NOT BE PLACED BEHIND GLASS BECAUSE OF

POSSIBLE REFLECTION.

SIGNS MUST NOT BLOCK THE VIEW OF OR THE VIEW FROM THE ADJACENT
BUILDINGS AND MUST NOT BE EXCESSIVE IN SIZE AND NUMBER.

IN SIGNAGE, SHAPES AND COLOURS CAN MEAN A LOT

A RED CIRCLE WITH A SLASH IS

A REGULATORY SIGN
COMMUNICATING THE DO
NOTS: ENTER, TURN, U-TURN,
PEDESTRIANS, OR PARKING

GREEN GUIDE SIGNS DIRECT

TRAVELLERS TO THE RIGHT EXIT
TO CITIES, AIRPORTS, PARK-AND
RIDE STATIONS, AND OTHER
DESTINATIONS.

THE PENTAGON SHAPES

WITH THE POINT TO THE TOP IS
A WARNING FOR US TO WATCH
FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN

CONSTRUCTION SIGNS
ARE ORANGE DIAMONDS
SPECIFICALLY USED ONLY TO
WARN DRIVERS ABOUT
CONSTRUCTION AND WORK
ZONE ACTIVITY

 LIGHTING

LIGHTING IS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN URBAN DESIGN. WHEN

CONSIDERING A LIGHTING DESIGN, ONE MUST TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE TYPE
OF LIGHT NEEDED FOR THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE OF THE SITE.

LIGHTING OF THE STREET SYSTEM, INCLUDING ADJACENT SIDEWALKS,

WALKWAYS AND BIKE LANES, INCREASES SECURITY AND PEDESTRIAN SAFETY
AND COMFORT.

ALL PEDESTRIAN AREAS MUST BE LIT AT NIGHT.

LIGHTING SHOULD ALSO BE USED DECORATIVELY TO HIGHLIGHT

LANDSCAPING ELEMENTS AND IMPORTANT BUILDINGS.

APPROPRIATE ENERGY-EFFICIENT LIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES SHOULD BE

INVESTIGATED AND BE APPLIED.

THE LIGHTING OF PUBLIC URBAN SPACES MUST NOT CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE

TO LIGHT POLLUTION

PARKING

PARKING (LAYOUT)

PARKING IS AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT IN REGARDS TO URBAN DESIGN AND

TRAFFIC CIRCULATION. A PARKING PLAN SHOULD BE DEVELOPED FOR EACH
SITE PRIOR TO DEVELOPMENT THE TYPE AND NUMBER OF PARKING SPACES
SHOULD REFLECT THE DESIRED USES OF EACH SITE.

PARKING AREAS MUST BE INTERSECTED BY SUFFICIENTLY WIDE

WALKWAYS(MINIMUM OF 1.3m WIDE) THAT ARE EASILY IDENTIFIABLE AS
WALKWAYS AND ALLOW COMFORTABLE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.

THESE WALKWAYS MUST BE PROTECTED FROM THE INSTRUSION OF

VEHICLES(INCLUDING 4X4 VEHICLES) BY MEANS OF VERTICAL KERBS OR
BOLLARDS.

PARKING (LANDSCAPING)

TREES, PREFERABLY EVERGREEN, MUST BE PLANTED ALONG ALL STREETS

WHERE PROVISION IS MADE FOR PARALLEL, DIAGONAL OR PERPENDICULAR
PARKING IN ORDER TO PROVIDE SHADE FOR THE PARKED VEHICLES AND TO
SOFTEN THE VISUAL IMPACT OF THE PARKED VEHICLES.

TEN PERCENT OF A PARKING AREA MUST BE LANDSCAPED. THE STANDARD

OF ONE TREE FOR EVERY FOUR PARKING BAYS, MUST BE APPLIED

ALL BOULEVARDS MUST BE LINED WITH ATLEAST A SINGLE ROW OF TREES

ON EACH SIDE TO FORM AN AVENUE.

LANDSCAPING

IT IS THE GREEN PART OF THE CITY THAT WEAVEA THROUGHOUT, IN THE

FORM OF URBAN PARKS, STREET TREES, PLANTS, FLOWERS, AND WATER IN
MANY FORMS.

THE LANDSCAPE HELPS DEFINE THE CHARACTER AND BEAUTY OF A CITY AND
CREATES SOFT, CONTRASTING SPACES AND ELEMENTS

SERVICE AREAS

THE FIXTURES/UTILITY ZONE IS LOCATED DIRECTLY ADJACENT TO THE STREET

AND PROVIDES A BUFFER BETWEEN STREET TRAFFIC AND THE PEDESTRIAN
TRAVEL ZONE. IT ALSO OFFERS A LOCATION FOR LIGHTS , POLES AND SIGNS
OUTSIDE THE PEDESTRIAN TRAVEL WAY.

SERVICE AREAS SHOULD BE ORIENTED TOWARDS THE REAR OF THE

BUILDING TO MINIMIZE VISUAL EYESORES

THE FIXTURES/UTILITY ZONE IS LOCATED DIRECTLY ADJACENT TO THE STREET

AND PROVIDES A BUFFER BETWEEN STREET TRAFFIC AND THE PEDESTRIAN
TRAVEL ZONE. IT ALSO OFFERS A LOCATION FOR LIGHTS , POLES AND SIGNS
OUTSIDE THE PEDESTRIAN TRAVEL WAY.

SERVICE AREAS SHOULD BE ORIENTED TOWARDS THE REAR OF THE

BUILDING TO MINIMIZE VISUAL EYESORES

WHEN CONSIDERING THE PLACEMENT OF THE SERVICE AREAS ONE SHOULD

REMEMBER THE OLD MAXIM, OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND. SERVICE AREAS
SHOULD BE ORIENTED TOWARDS THE REAR OF THE BUILDING TO MINIMIZE
VISUAL EYESORES. IN ADDITION SERVICE AREAS SHOULD BE SCREENED
FROM PUBLIC VIEW, AND THE BEST WAY TO DO THIS IS TO BUILD A SOLID
FENCE AROUND THE SERVICE AREA IN THE SAME STYLE AS BUILDING TO
WHICH THE SERVICE AREA IS DESIGNATED.

FENCING

SCREENING PROVIDES A VISUAL BUFFER BETWEEN PEDESTRIAN AND

VEHICULAR SPACES AND A CONTINUATIONG OF THE STREET WALL.
DELINEATION BETWEEN THE TWO CAN ALSO IMPROVE PUBLIC SAFETY
THROUGH SEPERATION OF PUBLIC AREAS FROM PARKING AND CIRCULATION
AREAS, AS WELL AS GRADE CHANGES.

FENCES AND RAILINGS SHOULD BE A MINIMUM OF 30 INCHES AND A

MAXIMUM OF 42 INCHES IN HEIGHT. FENCING AND RAILING SHALL BE A
MINIMUM OF 70 PERCENT OPEN.

SOLID WALLS SHALL BE A MINIMUM OF 18 PERCENT AND A MAXIMUM OF 32

INCHES IN HEIGHT.

FENCES , RAILINGS , AND WALLS SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED OF METAL, BRICK

OR STONE. PLASTIC AND WOOD FENCES ARE DISCOURAGED.

IT IS TO EVERYONES ADVANTAGE TO CONSTRUCT, AND MAINTAIN IN GOOD

SOLID FENCES BETWEEN TWO ABUTTING PROPERTIESS ESPECIALLY WHEN
THE ABUTTING PROPERTIES ARE NOT UNDER THE SAME ZONING
CLASSIFICATION. CHAIN-LINK AND BARBEDWIRE FENCES ARE DISCOURAGED
AS BUILDING MATERIALS IN MANY AREAS. WOOD AND MASONRY FENSES ARE
PREFFERED.

BUILDING MATERIALS

DETAILS AND MATERIALS REFER TO THE CLOSE UP APPEARANCE OF OBJECTS

AND SURFACES AND SELECTION OF MATERIALS IN TERMS OF DETAIL,
CRAFTMANSHIP, TEXTURE, COLOUR, DURABILITY, SUSTAINABILITY AND
TREATMENT.

IT CONTRIBUTE HUMAN COMFORT, SAFETY AND ENJOYMENT OF THE PUBLIC

AND PRIVATE REALM.

THE DESIGN MUST REFLECT BEST PRACTISE AND ENSURE MINIMAL

MAINTENANCE, DURABILITY, LONGEVITY OF MATERIALS AND FINISHES AND A
SUSTAINED APPEARANCE WHICH IS CRITICALFOR A POSITIVE VISITOR
INTERACTION.

FAADE TREATMENT AND THE ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL OF BUILDINGS

CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE WAY A BUILDING READS FROM THE

STREET AND TO THE CHARACTER AND CONTINUITY OF THE BUILDING FAADE

ALSO HAS AN IMPACT ON THE APPARENT BULK AND SCALE OF A BUILDING. IT
IS IMPORTANT WHEN CONSIDERING THE DESIGN OF NEW DEVELOPMENT
THAT THE PREDOMINANT PATTERNS, COMPOSITIONS AND ARTICULATION OF
THE FACADES REINFORCES THE CHARACTER AND CONTINUITY OF THE
STREETSCAPE. THIS DOES NOT MEAN REPLICATING THE APPEARANCE OF
BUILDINGS. CONTEMPORARY DESIGN SOLUTIONS BASED AND MAKE
REFERENCE TO THE UNDERLYING ELEMANTS THAT CREATE THE CHARACTER
OF THE AREA ARE ENCOURAGED.

DESIGN CONSIDERATION IS TO BE GIVEN TO THE UNDERLYING BUILDING

MATERIALS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE CHARACTER OF A BUILDING. SUCH
THINGS INCLUDE ROOF SHAPE, PITCH, AND OVERHANGS: ENTRY PORCHES,
VERANDAS, BALCONIES AND TERRACES: ,\MATERIALS, FINISHES, FIXTURES,
PATTERNS, FENETRATIONS, COLORS AND DETAILING : THE LOCATION AND
PROPORTION OF WINDOWS AND DOORS.

BUILDING ARTICULATION

HOW BUILDING SURFACE COME TOGETHER TO DEFINE FORM IS OFTEN

DESCRIBED AS ARTICULATION.

THE TREATMENT OF EDGES, COMERS, SURFACE ARTICULATION OF

WINDOWS(HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, STATIC FIELD), AND THE VISUAL WEIGHT
OF A BUILDING ALL CONTRIBUTE TO THE ARTICULATION OF THE FORM.

IN ARCHITECTURE, ARTICULATION MEANS TO DELINEATE SPACES SO

DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS ARE CLEAR AND ARCHITECTURE IS MEANINGFUL.

ALONG THE VERTICAL FACE OF A STRUCTURE, AND ON ALL BUILDING

STORIES, SUCH ELEMENTS LIKE VARYING ROOF LINES, OFFSETS, BALCONIES,
PROJECTIONS, OVERHANGS, PORCHES, OR SIMILAR FEATURES),RECESSED OR
COVERED ENTRANCES, WINDOW REVEALES, OR SIMILAR ELEMENTS THAT
BREAK UP LARGE EXPANSES OF UNINTERRUPTED BUILDING SURFACES(BLANK
WALLS) SHALL OCCURS AT A MINIMUM INTERVAL OF 30 FEET, AND EACH
FLOOR SHALL CONTAIN ATLEAST 2 ELEMENTS.

1. RECESS(DECK, PATIO, COURTYARD,ENTRANCE OR SIMILAR FEATURE) THAT

HAS A MINIMUM DEPTH OF 4 FEET.
2.
3.

EXTENSION(FLOOR AREA, DECK, PATIO, ENTRANCE, OVERHANG, OR SIMILAR

FEATURES) THAT PROJECTS A MINIMUM LENGTH OF 4 FEET: AND/OR
OFFSETS OR BREAKS IN ROOF ELEVATION OF 2 FEET OR GREATER IN HEIGHT.

4. ARTICULATE BUILDING FORM THROUGH VARIATION IN MATERIALS, COLOURS

AND/ OR TEXTURE.

5. AVOID LARGE EXPANSES OF A SINGLE MATERIAL ON WALLS, ROOFS, OR

PAVING AREAS.
6.

ENHANCE A CHANGE IN WALL PLANE THROUGH COLOUR OR MATERIAL

VARIATION.

7.

USE CHANGES IN COLOURS VALUE OR SHADE TO CREATE HARMONIOUS

VARIATION.

8. USE NATIVE AND NATURAL MATERIALS THAT BLEND WITH THE NATURAL
CONTEXT.
9.

USE MATERIALS THAT VARY IN TEXTURE.

CARRY EACH MATERIALS TO A LOGICAL POINT OF TERMINATION- A CHANGE IN
WALL PLANE , THE POINT WHERE THE STRUCTURE MEETS NATURAL GRADE,
OR THE INTERSECTION SIGNIFICANT ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES- OR , IF
THERE IS NO LOGICAL POINT OF TERMINATION APPLY IT TO THE ENTIRE WALL
PLANE OR ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT

TRANSPORTATION

WHEN PLANNING A NEW DEVELOPMENT ONE SHOULD MAKE

TRANSPORTATION A FOREMOST CONCERN

YOU SHOULD INCORPORATE INTO YOUR DEVELOPMENT A SIDEWALK SYSTEM

WITH WALKWAYS WITH LARGE ENOUGH SURFACE AREA TO ALLOW ATLEAST
TWO PEOPLE TO WALK SIDE BY SIDE.

ATTENTION SHOULD ALSO GIVEN TO CYCLISTS

YOU SHOULD PROVIDE AN ADEQUATE NUMBER OF BICYCLE PARKING SPACES

AS WELL AS BICYCLE RACKS WHICH ARE IN PLAIN SIGHT AND EASILY
ACCESSIBLE TO ALL

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DECREASES THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES ON THE

ROAD, THUS REDUCING TRAFFIC AND EMISSIONS, AS WELL AS PROVIDING
THOSE WITHOUT VEHICLES A MEANS TO TRAVEL, SHOP AND GO TO WORK

ELEMENT
S

 OF
URBAN
DESIGN

GATBUNTON, EUNICE DR.

GONZALES, JAMEEL ASHYRA
MARIE H.