Nagaland Separatism

HS 233 ECM
DR PAHI SAIKIA

DR PAHI SAIKIA

8/27/2015

Location of Nagaland

DR PAHI SAIKIA

8/27/2015

Background
Nagas spread out in 4 states: Nagaland, Assam, Manipur and

Arunachal Pradesh
Myanmar Nagas/ Kachin state and Sagiang sub-division
Combination of several tribes[Angami, Ao, Sema,
Rengma,Zeliangong and others]
Indo-Mongoloid origin
Speak different dialects; MOSTLY CHRISTIANS

DR PAHI SAIKIA

8/27/2015

Ahom and British period (1228-1947)

Nagas were defeated

Exchange of goods/barter trade

Nagas maintained tribal autonomy
British annexation of Assam

Nagas considered excluded communities

Isolated from direct British rule
Simon Commission
Missionary influences

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8/27/2015

After 1947
Political mobilization amongst Nagas started

Feeling of separatism grew

When British left Nagas sought for independence; declared

independence on 14th August, 1947

Role of Naga National Council (NNC) led by leaders like
A.Z. Phizo
Referendum (1951)
Post-referendum, parallel government in Nagaland

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8/27/2015

Post-Referendum
Militant ethnonationalism

Indian government responds

Human rights violations
Proposal of Sixth Schedule of the Naga areas

Rebellion continues
Section of Naga leaders accepted government invitation to

join Indian democracy in 1963.

Differences within the Naga leadership emerge

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(contd.)
1975 Shillong Accord between Naga leaders and Indian

govt.
Phizo, Muivah and Isaac Schu did not agree
Formation of Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland
(NSCN) an insurgent outfit
Internationalization of the issue: [UNPO]
1990s ceasefire attempts fail
Links with Myanmar rebels

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8/27/2015

Proposed Greater Nagaland

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8/27/2015

Recent Naga Accord

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-33762445

http://www.huffingtonpost.in/rajeev-bhattacharyya/what-

end-of-ceasefire-mea_b_6991148.html

DR PAHI SAIKIA

8/27/2015