GRAMMAR - PARTS OF SPEECH

(1)

UQ usk, zuP xPsk, kzxP.

NOUN : ( Name of persons , things , places ) u, Ch, & C P
Raju is a good boy. Madurai is a big city. Milk is a good food. Rani got punishment. Raju is a man of courage.
PROPER NOUN : Raju

Madurai
x
Rani
COMMON NOUN :boy
]
city
|P
Girl

(2)

Sk

o
]

C
S

MATERIAL NOUN :-

Milk

COLLECTIVE NOUN : -

family ,

Iron

ABSTRACT NOUN :-

Punishment , Courage , poverty , beauty , fear, joy, kindness .

team

ush, u, H, AS, , Qa], uSn (Cu

P \P u Ena], {, u BQ UPU Ti.)
PRONOUN: - (A word used instead of a noun) nounUS vP pronoun US vP A
PERSON
1st Person
2nd Person

3rd Person

NOMINATIVE
I |
We |[P
You }
You }[P

ACCUSATIVE
Me G
Us G[P
You E
You E[P

DATIVE
Me GUS
Us G[PUS
You EUS
You E[PUS

GENITIVE
My Gh
Our G[Ph
Your Eh
Yours E[Ph

He A
She A
It Ax
They AP

Him A
Her A
It Au
Them AP

Him AUS
Her AUS
It AuS
Them APUS

His Ah
Her Ah
Its Auh
Their APh

(1)
Raju is an intelligent boy. He gets the first marks always. The teachers praise him often. Last week his father gave him a new bicycle.
(2) Yesterday I saw an old woman with her daughter. They were hungry. I gave them food. They thanked me. I sent them to their house by an
auto. (3) I won the First Prize in running race. My mother praised me. She gave me 100 rupees. (1) J zv\ . A
Gx u vsP Q. B]P A AiUPi PQP. Ah uu
AUS J v \UQ Pkzu. (2) | | J u sn Ah Ph zu. AP
]P CuP. | APUS En Pkzu. AP GUS | TP. | AP APh
mkUS J Bmh A. (3) | Kmh uzv u _ zu. Gh u G
miP. A GUS P Pkzu.

www.tnstudy.in
( 3 ) VERB:- (a\)

MAIN VERBS:- (UQ a\) Example - go , come , write , play , , Gx, k

I go. | Q He comes. A Q I went. | . He came. A u .
They play. AP kQP They played AP iP.
AUXILIARY VERBS:- (xn a\) am, is, are, were, was, / have, has, had / do, did, does / can, may ,must , will
(a) AM, IS, ARE, WERE, WAS :1. He is going.
You are going.
They are going.
He was going.
They were going.

A UPsiUQ
1. He is not going. You are not going.

A UPsk Cu
They are not going.

A UPsiUP
2. Is he going?

Are you going?

A UPsk CUP
Are they going?

A UPsiUQ?
(b) HAVE , HAS , HAD : 1. You have written
} GvUQ.
2. The Bus has come.

He was not going. They were not going.

Was he going?

Were they going?

A UPsiu?
You have not written.

Have you written?

} GvUP

} Gv CUQ?

The Bus has not come.

Has the Bus come ?

vUQx.

vUP

vUQu?

3. Raju had gone.

Raju had not gone.

Had Raju gone?

uv

u?

(c) DO, DOES, DID :1. You go. } Q

2. Raju comes. Q.
3. Sachin played well yesterday.

You do not go. } P

Raju does not come. .
Sachin did not play well.

Do you go? } Q?
Does Raju come? Q?
Did Sachin play well yesterday?

\] |P i

\] |P h

\] |P i?

(d) CAN , MAY , MUST , WILL : 1. Raju can speak English

Raju can not speak English.

Can Raju speak English?

B[Q \i.

B[Q \ ix

B[Q \ i?

2. I may come in.

I may not come in.

May I come in?

| E .

| E mh.

| E ?

3. He must go.

He must not go.

Must he go?

A PsiP Psk

A PsiP PThx

A PsiP Psk?

4. You will come.

You will not come.

Will you come?

} mh

} ?

Be

GuS C G Cx J xn a\. u[P

EQUP.
PRESENT TENSE ({P
I am well. | |P CUQ.
You are happy. } \uP CUQ.
He is clever. A zv\P CUQ.
They are friends. AP |sPP CUQP.

We are well. |[P |P CUQ.

You are happy. }[P \uP CUQP.
She is clever. A zv\P CUQ.
It is beautiful. Ax APP CUQx.

PAST TENSE (Cu

I was sad. | xUPP Cu.
You were absent. } B\m BQ Cu.
He was well. A |P Cu.
They were happy. AP \uP CuP.

P)

P)

We were sad. |[P xUPP Cu.

You were absent. }[P B\m BQ CwP.
She was well. A |P Cu.
It was sad. Ax xUPP Cux.

FUTURE TENSE (Gv

P)

www.tnstudy.in
I will be happy. | \uP C.
You will be happy. } \uP C
He will be happy. A \uP C.
It will be happy. Ax \uP CUS.

We will be happy. |[P \uP C.

You will be happy. }[P \uP CP
She will be happy. A \uP C
They will be happy. AP \uP CP

(4) ADVERB:- (added to a verb ) J\ Gi, Gx, G[P, H |hux G US zu

Raju walked slowly. The thief ran speedily. Rani laughed happily. Raju cried sadly. Sachin played well.

{uP |hu. vh PP Ki. o \uP ]zu.

(other forms of adverbs :- here , there ,now , soon , today , often , always , very , too , when , where )
(5) ADJECTIVE :- (To tell something about a person or thing) u Ax Sn zu
Ravi is a good boy. Rani is a clever girl. We will buy a new car. | ], o zv\ ]
(other forms of adjectives :- this, these , each , every , some , many , twenty , my , your)
(6) CONJUNCTION :- Csk UQ[P CnUS zu
But B, and , so / therefore BP, because H, when Ax,
If C, unless Ci, or Ax, as Pnzv, Though / although Cuv
After S, till , before , until , while Au \
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)

Raju is rich but he is not happy. nUPP CUQ, B \uP C

Raju is intelligent and hardworking. zv\P Pi EP CUQ
Raju did not study well so/ therefore he failed. |P iUP BP A B
Raju failed because he did not study well. B H A |P iUP
When the teacher entered the class, the students stood up. B] SUS ~ux,

nP Gx {P
If you study well, you will pass. } |P izu, } B.
Unless you study well, you will fail. } |P iUPmh, } B.
Write with a pen or a pencil. J Ax ] Gx.
As it is raining, I will not go out. xPsiUQ Pnzv | Pmh.
Although/Though Raju is poor, he is honest. HP Cuv, A |nP
CUQ.
After Raju finished homework, he went to bed. mk izuS, A kUPUS .
Please wait here till I come back. | v , u \x C[P Pzv.
Before I went to the school yesterday, the bell had rung. | | US \uS ,
o Aizvux.
People waste food, while others starve. ] k Au \ UP En nUSP

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES :-

P UQ[P : (Cv Csk PP E)

1) Yes/no answer questions : 2) Wh - questions :- what, G, how Gi, why H, where G[P, when Gx.
Is your name Raju? Yes, my name is Raju. /No, my name is not Raju. What is your name? My name is Raju.
Are you happy? Yes, I am happy. /No, I am not happy.
How are you? I am fine/happy.
Are you going to school now? Yes, I am going to school. /No, I am not going to school. Where are you going?
Do you want ice-cream? Yes, I want. / No, I do not want ice- cream. What do you want? I want ice-cream.
Does he play today? Yes he plays. / No, he does not play. Why doesnt he play? He does not play because he is ill.
Did he go to Chennai yesterday? Yes, he went / No, he did not go. Where did he go yesterday?

TENSES OF THE VERB

Tense & G P Ax |. Verb - G a\
a\ Gx x, Tense, Number, Person BQ P. (1) Tense Present Tense,
Past Tense, Future Tense, (2) Number Singular & Plural, (3) Person :- First, Second, Third person
1) Simple Present Tense

{P P
(daily ,everyday,always,
Regularly,generally,rarely
Usually, often) v/

Simple Past Tense

Simple Future Tense

Cu P

Gv P

(yesterday , last night, last week ,

last month , last year, In 1947,
One month ago )

(tomorrow. next week, next month,

next Monday, on coming Sunday,
in 2020)

AiUPi |hUS \P. |hx iu \P.

C |hUPS \P.

1. Daily I go to the temple.

1. Yesterday I went to the market.

1. Tomorrow we will go to Chennai.

v | PUS
Q.

| | \uUS .

| |[P \
.

2. Always we speak truth.

2. In 1947 , India got independence .

2. Next week I will buy a new bicycle.

Gx |[P.
Es _Q

1947& Cv _uv x.

Akzu , | J v
\UQ [S.

3. He comes by bus usually.

3. Raju came 3 days ago.

3. On coming Saturday, Rani will come.

A UPP v
3 |mPUS
Q.
u.
Universal Truth (Gx { B) :

\UQ, o .

Ice floats on water. The Sun rises in the East

Proverb : ()
Man proposes, God disposes

2) Present Continuous tense Past Continuous Tense

Future Continuous Tense

(now, at present )

(when + yesterday)

(by this time next year / tomorrow)

Cx/u\

Ax+|

Akzuh Cu |zv.

1. I am reading now.
2. We are writing now.

1. When I was going to school

Yesterday, I saw a camel.

1. This time tomorrow, Raju will be going

to Chennai .

|[P Cx
GvUPsiUQ.

| | US \
Psiux, | J
JmhPzu zu.

| Cu|,
\US U
Psi.

3. You are playing now.

4. He is eating now.

2. When the telephone rang yesterday,

I was sleeping.

| h Jzux
| y[QUPsiu.
5. They are watching TV now.

(Cu Pzv, J \ |hx

Psiux, Ch C
\ |hux)

6. It is raining now.
7. At present, Raju is working in a bank.

3) Present Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense

{PPzv |hx zv Cu Pzv |hx zv

Ahu \
Ahu \

GvPzv zv AhS
\

(already, just ,yet ,ever, never )

(before + already)

(by this time next year / month)

HP, Cxu.
C, Gux,
Jx)

+HP
(Cu Pzv 2 \P
|hu. u |hx iu
\ Past Perfect& GxP)

Akzu h Cu |.

1. I have written already.

1. Before I reached the school,

the bell had rung already.

1. By this time next year, I shall have

passed B.A., Degree

| HP Gv
izx CUQ.

| | \ ,
o HP Aizvux.

Akzu h Cu |,
| B.A. Q Cx C.

2. You have never seen a lion.

3. He has seen Delhi 3 times.
4. Raju has gone just.
5. They have not yet eaten.

2. Before the police reached the house

yesterday, the thief had escaped already.

| mh \ ,
vh umiu.

www.tnstudy.in

PREPOSITIONS
1) In (/E) We live in Salem. Many animals live in water. I read my lessons in the morning.

2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

7)
8)

9)

10)
11)
12)
13)
14)

15)

16)
17)
18)
19)

20)
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)

|[P \zv ]UQ. A|P oP } ]UQ.

| P Gh h[P iUQ.
Into (x E) The one rupee coin fell into the water. Raju entered into the room.
J |n }US ux. AUS ~u.
From (Cx) Raju comes from Salem. Our school works from 9.30 AM to 3.30 PM.
\zv|x Q. G[Ph 9.30x \Qx.
To (S) He went to Thirupathi last week. A vvUS .
At: (US) I get up at 5.00 AM in the morning daily. | v P 5.00 US GQ.
On (x) The book is on the table. He went to the zoo on Sunday. Raju is on leave today.
uP x CUQx. A bUQ PUPm] \US \.
C k CUQ.
Above () The ball went above the head. I will get above 80% marks.
x uUS \x. | 80% vnPUS .
Over (Ezv, i {) The servant held the umbrella over his master.
The lesson is over. He jumped over the wall. UP Ah u uUS
Shizu. A _US usi. h i AhQx.
Under (R/Su {) Raju stood under a tree. All the boys are under 15 years.
The road is under repair. zv R {. G ]P 15 hzvSP
(xUSP) CUQP. Cu u zx { Ex.
Below (R) In India 50% people are below poverty line.The water level is below 80 feet.
Cv 50% UP UPmkUS R E. }mh 80 AiUS R Ex.
Beneath (Ai) We saw a snake beneath the stone. PUS Ai J |[P
zu.
After (S) We went out after Lunch. The policeman ran after the thief.
|[P v EnUS S \. P vhUS Ki.
Behind (UP) Raja stood behind me. GUS UPP {.
Before () Daily I get up before sunrise. Raju came before me. v | `
EuzxUS GQ. GUS u. The temple was built before 1940.
Cu P 1940&US Pmhmhx.
About (_/) The story is about Vivekananda. The price may be about 100 rupees. I am sure
about my result. Cu Pu Pu CUQx. _ 100 CUP.
| Gh i {a\P CUQ.
Around (_) The earth moves around the sun. ` _ |PQx.
Among (zv) Raju is the cleverest among the boys. PUS zv
Avzv\P CUQ.
Amid/Amidst (|mh |k) Raju spoke like a hero amidst the men in the crowd.
Tmhzvu BsPUS |k J ].
Between (Ch/|k) The train runs between Chennai and Trichy. What is the difference
between metals and non-metals? Cu \ va]US Ch KkQx.
EPzxUS APzxUS Ch zv\ G?
During (Ax) During summer, it is very hot. PhP v P P Ex.
Along (P) The soldiers marched along the river. h P |v P ozu.
Beside(AQ) The son sat beside his mother. Ah u AQ, P EmPu.
Besides (A) Besides Tamil, I can speak Hindi and English. u A, | Cv
B[Q \ i.
Except (uzx) All the girls joined the college except Rani. G sP o uzx
P \u.
Across (SUP) They built a bridge across the river. AP |v SUP An PmiP.

www.tnstudy.in

26)

Beyond (A) I saw a tiger beyond the river. | |vUS A J zu.

27)

Through (P/Fh) The hunter went through the forest. I heard the news through Ravi.

28)
29)

30)
31)
32)
33)
34)
35)

mhUP Pmi Fh \. | P \v Pmh.

Towards (|UQ) The soldiers marched towards the city. q P |Pzu |UQ \.
Against (Gvzx) The Indian cricket team played against Srilankan Team. We should protest
against child labour. Cv QUPm Ao C[P Ao Gvzx ix |
Su EUS GvP h sk.
With (Eh) He cut the apple with a knife. I went to the market with my mother. | Gh
uh \uUS . A Pzvh/Pzv B mi.
By (B) The letter is written by Rama. CuPiu Gumk CUQx.
Within (US) I shall come back within one hour. The girls play within the school compound. | J
oUSP v . sP PzxUS E kQP.
Without (C) We should not travel in the train without ticket. Go to the doctor without delay. |
iUPm C n \UThx. uu C hUhh .
Down (R) Tears ran down my cheeks. Psp PzxUS R uix.
For (BP) I always vote for ------ party. I work for Indian Bank. I am waiting for my friend. I have applied for a
job. I go for a walk daily. The old man asked for some help. This medicine is cure for headache. I bought the
saree for 100 rupees. There is 1 teacher for every 50 students. I pray for your good health.

36)
37)

38)
39)

| Gx .............. Pm]UPP Kmk kQ. | Cv [SUPP

\Q. | Gh |sUPP PzxU PsiUQ. | v |h
]UPP Q. Au v Pg\ EuUPP si. Cu x
uUPP Ex. | 100 US Cu h [Q. 50 nPUS J
B] CUQ. | Eh BUQzxUPP zu \Q.
Inside (Em) The priest was inside the temple. \ P Em Cu.
Since (Cx) We have been living in Madurai since 2005. I have been waiting for my friend since 6 Oclock.
|[P 2005x x ]zxUPsiUQ. | 6 ox G |sUPP
PzxUPsiUQ.
Until () My father works until 8 Oclock. Gh uu 8 o \Q.
Till () He was honest till death. A \S |nP Cu.

PHRASAL VERB
B[Q ] a\PUS Akzx at / on / for zuP x,
Au a \ Es xP k.
1) Get :- /Ah
a) Get up
Gv
e) Get in
E
b) Get at
\
f) Get out

c) Get together
\v \
g) Get back

d) Get through
P
h) Get away
y
2) Go :-
a) Go after
uhx \
c) Go on
uhx \xPsi
b) Go for
u \/uuk d) Go through izx^ \
3) Bring:- Psk
a) Bring up
zx BUS
b) Give :- Pk
a) Give up
mkk

b) Bring about \u \
b) Give in

\nPv Ah/ox

I will study well and I will get through in the final examination. 2. The dog goes after the boy wherever he
goes. 3. Dhoni always goes for batting first. 4. The children go on playing till dark. 5. The officer goes through the
application before he issues the certificate. 6. My mother brings up my sister very well. 7. Gandhiji brought about
a change against un-touchability in our society. 8. Raju gave up smoking. 9. The thief was hiding inside the house
for 4 hours, but he gave in at last.
1.

www.tnstudy.in

DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH

1. Raju told, I like ice-cream. = 2. Raju told that he liked ice-cream .

Example :-

1. \, | IQ Q. G ] Gu Chm P
Ai GxQ. & Cx direct speech BS.
2. A IQ G \. Cu UQzv \u
|h zuP \kQ. - & Cx indirect speech BS.
v 1 ) Chm P }UPkQx.

v 2) reported clause Eh that \UPkQx.

v 3 ) like Gx liked G past tense BQx.

v 4) I Gx he BQx. ( Gx Bs)

(A) Assertive sentence \v

1)

UQ ( statement )

Rani said , I am going to school now . = Rani told that she was going to school then

o \, | Cx TUS UPiUQ = o A TUS

Ax UPsiu G \.
2)

Raju said to me , I will meet you tomorrow .= Raju told that he would meet me the next day.

GUS

\, | E | \v = A Akzu | G \vuP \.
3)

said to them , I can not help you,. = He told that he could not help them.

He

APUS \,

| E[PUS Eu ix = A APUS Eu ix G \.
(B) Imperative sentence :- ( request and command )

sku Pmh UQ[P

1 ) Rani said , Please help me. = Rani requested to help her.

o \, u \x GUS Eu = o AUS Eu si.

2 ) The master told his servant , Bring me water.

= The master ordered his servant to bring him water.

G Ah UPUS \, GUS usp Psk = G

Ah UP AUS usp PskuS Ezumh.
(C) Interrogative sentence :-

P UQ

u P : Yes Ax

no hu

1) Raju asked Rani , Are you fine ? = Raju asked Rani whether she was fine.

o Pmh,
} |P CUQ ? = o A |P Cu G Pmh.

2)

Rani asked Raju , Do you want coffee? = Rani asked Raju whether he wanted coffee. o

Pmh, } P Q ? = o A P G Pmh.
Csh P :& Wh - questions WH PP

1) The

stranger said, Where is the post office ? = The stranger asked where the post office was.

UP \, G[P m B CQx ? = UP m B G[P

Cux G Pmh.
2) The teacher said to Rani , Why do you come late often ? = The teacher asked Rani why she came late often .

B] o Pmh, H } uuP AiUPi Q? = B] o A H

AiUPi uuP u G Pmh.
3) The manager asked Raju, What is your name ? = The manager asked Raju what his name was.

Pmh, Eh G?= Ah G G Pmh.

(D) Exclamatory sentence :- Ba\
Rani

UQ

said , What a beautiful flower it is ! = Rani

exclaimed

that it was a very beautiful flower.

o \, Ax G J AP P CUQx ! = o Ax J P AP P
Cux G Ba\mh.
Raju said , How well M. S. Dhoni plays ! =

Raju exclaimed that M. S. Dhoni

played very well.

\, G |P u kQ ! = u P |P
i G \.

www.tnstudy.in

FORMATION OF NOUN, ADJECTIVE , ADVERB

\P Esksqu
Example : - Eun :&
Correct (verb) :- The teacher corrected the mistakes. B] uP \kzv.
Correct (Adjective) : - Raju wrote the correct answer. \ h Gv.
Correctly (Adverb) : - Raju answered correctly. \P vzu.
Correction (noun) :- The Headmaster sent the answer papers for correction. u B]

hzuP \kzuUS A. (vzxuS)

The correction of answer papers is completed.

hzuP \kzxu (vzxu) i AhvUQx.

Formation of nouns :1 ) common noun

abstract noun

Friend -friendship. thief - theft. hero - heroism. child- childhood. slave-slavery. leader-leadership

|s&|m, vh&vmk, &, Su&Su, Ai&Aizu,

u&uu
Example : - Raju is my friend.

Raju and Gopal are in good friendship.

Gh |s. P | |m CUQP.
2 ) Adjective abstract noun
Kind - kindness . weak - weakness . cruel -cruelty . poor - poverty.
intelligent - intelligence
Wise - wisdom . able - ability uSn&uSn, R& R,

S&Szu, &, zv\&zv\zu, A&A,

v&v
Example :- Raju is a poor boy. Raju can not join the college because of poverty.

J H . HPnP P \ix.
3) verb

abstract noun

Sing - song. serve - service. hate - hatred. think - thought . save - safety . live - life
See - sight . laugh - laughter, celebrate-celebration. k&mk, &u, &,

]&\, P&Pu, &UP, &, ]&],

Pshk&Pshmh,
Example : - Rani sings well. The children sang a song. It is a devotional song.

o |P kQ. P J mk iP. Ax J Uv mk.

www.tnstudy.in
Formation of Adjectives :-

1 ) noun Adjective
Anger angry, P&P, beauty beautiful, AS&AP, care AUP - careful
Caution Ga\UP - cautious. child Su - childish .
circle mh - circular. Clerk Gzu clerical .
courage u - courageous. college collegiate . culture k cultural, curiosity SyP - curious .
danger A -dangerous. Dirt A_zu dirty . duty Ph -dutiful. Earth s - earthen. East QUS eastern. efficiency- efficient . gold u[P golden. Glory P glorious. Greed \ greedy .
Habit iUP habitual. harm Pku harmful. Haste A\ - hasty. Health BUQ - healthy .
honour P - honourable. Hunger ] - hungry . law \mh lawful . length } lengthy.
Love A - loving. Mind - mental . nation |k - national . noise \u - noisy. Peace Av - peaceful
profit - profitable. Prosperity - prosperous . quarrel \sh - quarrelsome . rain - rainy
.
reality Es - real . religion u - religious, taste ] - tasty. Thirst uP - thirsty . trouble x troublesome . vacancy P - vacant . violence AP -violent. Week weekly. West S -western
. width AP - wide. Wood - wooden . wool Bmk - woolen Bmk Ezu
Example :- I enjoyed the beauty of

Ooty.

Ooty is a beautiful hillstation.

| Fmi AP Azu. Fmi J AP \ u

www.tnstudy.in
2) Verb adjective

Accept- acceptable. avoid- avoidable. eat- edible . help- helpful . hope- hopeful . love- loveable. need- needful .
neglect- negligible. note- noteworthy. pay -payable. play- playful. remark -remarkable. taste tasty. value- valuable

JUP&JUPUTi, u&uUPUTi, \k&\hUTi, Eu& EuQ,

|&|UP, A\zx&A\zxUTi, u&u, JxUS &
JxUPUTi, Sk&ShzuUP, n \zx&n \zuuSu, k&
mh, P&PUPzuUP, _ & _, v&vUP
Example :- Raju helps the poor boys. Raju is a helpful person.

H ]PUS EuQ. J EuQ u.

3) adjective adjective
Black blackish. four- fourth . five fifth. green- greenish . nine- ninth.
white - whitish . one - first

three- third . twelve-twelfth.

P&P, |S&|Px, Ix&Iux, a\&a\, Jx&Jux,

&x, sk&shx. s&s, J & ux.
Example :- It is a green mountain . It is a greenish mountain .

Ax J a\. Ax J a\ .

Formation of adverbs : 1 ) Adjective Adverb

Angry- angrily . bad- badly .

brave- bravely . careful- carefully . glad- gladly . general- generally.

happy- happily . last- lastly . loud- loudly . neat- neatly . quick -quickly .
specially .
true - truly . useful - usefully .

real - really .

slow- slowly . special-

P&PP, \&\P, u&uP, UQu& UQuP,

\u&\uP, x&xP, Qa]&Qa]P, Ph]&Ph]P,
\u& \uP, _zu&_zuP, P&PP, Es&EsP,
{u&{uP, \& \P, Es&EsP,
EP&EPP.
Example :- Mr. Raju spoke in a loud voice. Raju spoke loudly

\u S ]. \uP ].
2) noun adverb
Day daily . v&v,
Example :- 1 ) I will finish the work in a day.

I work daily.

| Cu J | (J vzv) i. | v \Q.

DEGREES OF COMPARISON : Raju is an intelligent boy . J zv\ . intelligent = zv\.

Model 1 )
Csk nP JkQ. Raju 100/100 marks; Murugan 75/100 marks
Raju is more intelligent than Murugan. Ph AvP zv\P CUQ.
Cu Comparative degree GQ.

Cu UQzu Gu. Azu x.

Murugan is not as intelligent as Raju. P zv\P C.
Cu Positive degree GQ.
Model 2 )

J Av Ezu n S E Ah Jh.
Raju 100 / 100 murugan 48 / 100 Ravi 51 / 100 Balu 42 / 100 Gopal 53 / 100 Ganesh 47 / 100 Ragu
57 / 100 Mani 41 / 100 venkat 36 /100 Raman 35 / 100
1. Raju is the most intelligent boy in the class, S Av Ezu zv\
nP CUQ. Cx Superlative degree BS. Cu UQzu Azu

i[P Gu.
2. Raju is more intelligent than any other boy in the class. ( comparative Degree )

Gu n h AvP zv\P CUQ.

3. No other boy in the class is as intelligent as Raju . ( Positive Degree )

S Gu n zv\P C.
Model 3)

JUS mh zv\ nP v nPh Jh. C[S

JUS mhP Av Euu uv\P E.
Raju 100 / 100
Murugan 48 / 100 Ravi 51 / 100 Balu 42 / 100 Gopal 53 / 100 Ganesh 47 / 100 Ragu 57 /
100 Mani 41 / 100 Venkat 36 / 100 Raman 35 / 100 Natarajan 100 / 100 Mohan 100 / 100

1. Raju is one of the most intelligent boys in the class. ( superlative degree )

S E Av Ezu zv\ nP JP CUQ.

2. Raju is more intelligent than most other boys in the class. ( comparative degree )

S nP h AvP zv\P
CUQ. ( Jx nPh)
3. Very few boys in the class are as intelligent as Raju . ( positive degree )
S Pa] nP zv\P CUQP. (|h, P)
Positive - Comparative - Superlative degrees
(1) intelligent - more intelligent - most intelligent
(beautiful , difficult , careful , famous , honest , popular , useful , important )
(2) bold-bolder- boldest(bright, cheap, clever, dark, deep, fast, high, hard, long, poor, rich, short, small, strong, tall)
( 3 ) brave - braver - bravest (close , large , strange , wide , safe , wlse )
(4) busy - busier - busiest (dirty, easy, funny, greedy, happy, holy, heavy, lucky, noisy , pretty, silly)
(5) big - bigger - biggest ( hot , sad , thin , fat )
(6) old - older oldest / Old - elder - eldest
Bad - worse - worst
Ill - worse - worst
Far - farther farthest
Little - less - least
Good - better best
Well - better - best
Much - more - most
Many more-most

www.tnstudy.in

nP !
B[Q UQ[P \ i ( Structure) AUP sk.
B[Qzv \P \ (Fluency) Cu P UQ[P x
1

The children are playing

Raju went out

P iUPsk CUQP

Raju comes

Gopal

Q
3

I like ice-cream.

| IQ Q
The teacher

praised

I gave my pen

Raju.

to Raju.

sold

his bicyle

want

to eat

hope

to get

Raju likes

hate

10

12

Science.

Raju

taught

me

to swim.

Raju

to take rest.

I am eager

to meet you.

It is easy

to get pass mark.

U uS _P CUQx.

The story is interesting to read.

It will be difficult

to swim in the sea.

Ph }xuS PiP CUS.

14

There are 54 boys in my class.

Gh S 54 ]P (A[P)
CUQP.

v uS 3 u[P Gkzux.

15

in

Gh kuS P CUQ.

Cu Pu iuS Bmk iP CUQx.

It took 3 months to learn Hindi .

failed

Raju is happy to play with me.

Pou x PuS _P CUQx.

13

Suresh.

| E \vuS BP CUQ.

smoking.

Maths is easy to understand.

for

hUh KkuS Azv.

| P iu UQ
11

are waiting

The Doctor advised

IQ \ku Q
I

Science.

GUS }xuS Pzu

100% in Maths.

eating ice-cream.

We
Raju

| Pouzv 100% uS |Q.

9

taught us

gbzv B.

| IQ \kuS ChkQ.
I

100 rupees

|[P _PP PzxU PsiUQ.

to Raju.

ice-cream.

me

vv A G[PUS gbzu Pzu

A S Ah \UQ .
7

My mother gave
Mrs. Amala

| Gh S Pkzu
He

well.

Gh u GUS 100 Pkzu

B] Pu
5

sings

P |P kQ

It may take 45 minutes to reach the railway station

There is a book on the table.

{zu AhuS 45 {h[P

GkUP.

(A[P G \ u x) x
J uP (A[P) CUQx.

What a hot day it is !

G J |P CUQx !

16

If you study well, you will pass.

} |P izu, } B

How beautiful the flowers are !

If you go fast, you can catch the train

Gi(G)APP UP CUQ!

} PP , } iUP i.

www.tnstudy.in