MAGLENTE, JOHN YMAN D.

DKC

August 08, 2016

DR. JAVIER, DEBORAH A.

LITIRATURE UNDER THE REPUBLIC

(1946 1985)
I.

Opening of the Third Republic

a. The Bell Trade Act Free Trade
b. The Philippine Rehabilitation Act
c. Manuel A. Roxas elected as the First President of the Third
Republic
II.
American Control of the Philippine Economy, Military and
Political Life.
a. Philippine Culture was based on American Ideology
b. Fulbright Program Exchange Program
c. New Criticism
i. Used in literary contest
1. Philippine Free Press short story contest
2. Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards.
III. Merger of Traditions
a. Taga-bayan Americanized intelligentsia
b. Taga-bukid - anti-Americanism
c. Euro-Hispanic Tradition - literary part of the cultural heritage of
the Spanish colonialism
i. Writers:
1. Lazaro M. Francisco (1898 1980)
a. Works:
i. Ama (Father, 1930)
ii. Bayang Nagpatiwakal (The Country That
Commites Suicide,1932)
iii. Ilaw ng Hilga (Nothern Light, 1948)
iv. Maganda pa ang Daigdig (The World is still
Beautiful, 1956)
v. Daluyong (Tidal Wave, 1962)
2. Amado V. Hernandez (1903 1970)
a. Works:
i. Luha ng Buwaya (Crocodile Tears, 1962)
ii. Mga Ibong Mandaragit (Birds of Prey, 1960)
iii. Isang Dipang Langit (An Armstretch of Sky,
1961)
iv. Bayang Malaya (Free Country, 1969)
v. Ang Pangginggera (The Panggenggera
Gambler)

3. Constante Casebar
a. Works:
i. Daigti Mariing iti Parbangon (Those Who
Rise at Dawn, 1957)
ii. Casebars novels appeared in Bannawag
(Dawn)
4. Alberto S. Florentino (1931-)
a. Works:
i. A part of The World is Apple and Other
Prize Plays (1959)
d. Anglo-American Tradition brought by the Americans and grew
influence with the rise of the English speaking intelligentsia.
i. Writers:
1. Genoveva Edroza-Matute (1915 -)
a. Works:
i. Akoy Isang Tinig (I Am a Voice, 1952)
2. Jose Garcia Villa
a. Works:
i. Selected Poems and New (1958)
ii. Have Come , Am Here (1942)
iii. Volume Two (1949)
3. Marcario Pineda
a. Works:
i. Pinakamabuting Maikling Kwento ng Taong
1943
4. Alejandro G. Abadilla
a. Works:
i. Ako ang Daigdig (I Am the Universe)
ii. Piniling mga Tula ni AGA (Selected Poems
of AGA, 1965)

IV.

Existentialism and the Search for Identity

a. Claro M. Recto challenges President Magsaysays subservience of
the US.
b. Death of President Ramon Magsaysay in a plane crash in Cebu.
(March 17, 1957)
c. The cultural scene in the Philippines is the extension of the US
cultural scene

d. Writers:
i. Kerima Polotan (1925-)
1. Works:
a. Stories (1968)
ii. Tony Perez (1951-)
1. Works:
a. Hoy Boyet (1968)
b. Bombita
iii. Paul Dumol (1951-)
1. Works:
a. Ang Paglilitis ni Mang Serapio (The Trial of Mr.
Serapio 1969)
b. Kabesang Tales (Chieftain Tales, 1974)
iv. Carlos Angeles (1921-2000)
1. Works:
a. A Sun of Jewels (1963)
v. Emmanuel S. Torres (1932-)
1. Works:
a. Angels and Fugitives (1966)
b. Shapes of Silence (1972)
vi. Nick Joaquin (1917-2004)
1. Works:
a. The Woman Who Had Two Navels (1961)
b. Cave and Shadows (1983)
vii. N.V.M. Gonzales (1917-1999)
1. Works:
a. Season of Grace (1956)
b. The Bamboo Dancers (1959)
c. Tropical Gothic (1972)
d. Children of the Ash Covered in Loam (1954)
e. Look, Stranger, On this Island (1963)
viii. Bienvenido N. Santos (
1. Works:
a. Lovely People
b. Brother My Brother
c. The Day the Dancers Came and other Stories
d. Scent of Apples
ix. Alejandrino G. Hufana (1926-2003)
1. Works:
a. Poro Point Anthology (1961)
x. Ricaredo Demetillo (1919-1998)
1. Works:
a. Barter in Panay (1961)
xi. Wilfrido D. Nolledo (1934-2004)

1. Works:
a. But For the Lovers (1970)
xii. Rolando S. Tino (1937-1997)
1. Works:
a. Sitsit sa Kuliglig (Chatting with Crikets, 1972)
b. Kristal Na Uniberso (Crystal Universe, 1989)
c. A Trick of Mirrors (1993)
d. Dunung-Dunungan (Spurious Learning, 1975)

V.

Growing Military of National Consciousness

a. Establishment of SCAUP (Student Cultural Association of the
University of the Philippines) organized by Jose Maria Sison in
1961
b. In 1957 Presidential Election, Carlos P. Garcia became the
president of the republic adopting the policy, Filipino First
defeating Claro M. Recto
c. In 1961 Presidential Election, Diosdado Macapagal took over
Garcia. He moved our independence day from July 4 to Jun 12 in
commemoration of the proclamation of independence at Kawit,
Cavite in 1898.
d. Magazines like Liwayway, is secured under its elder writers
focusing on publishing poetry and fiction.
e. Writers:
i. Rogelio G. Mangahas
1. Work:
a. Edited the Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula: 1961-67
ii. Efren R. Abueg
1. Work:
a. Mga Agos sa Disyerto (Stream in a Dessert,
1964)
iii. Edgardo M. Reyes
1. Work:
a. Sa Mga Kubo ng Liwayway (In the Claws of
Light, 1966)
f. 1970 Constitutional Convention supposed to frame a new
constitution in order to solve the problems in the society and pro
American government

g. Panulat para sa Kaunlangan ng Sambayanan was established in

1971, describes of what kind of literature to which the political
ferment of the late 1960s gave rise.
h. 1972, President Marcos placed Philippines under Martial Law to
save the Republic.
i. Writers:
1. Ricardo Lee, Wilfredo P. Virtuso, Fanny A. Garcia,
Norman Miraflor, and Domingo Landicho
a. Work:
i. Sigwa (Storm,1972)
2. Renato Constanino
a. Works:
i. The Philippines: A Past Revisited (1975)
ii. The Philippines: The Continuing Past
(1978)
3. Jose F. Lacaba
a. Works:
i. Mga Kagilanilalas na Pakikipagsapalaran
(Amazing Adventures, 1979)
4. Lamberto E. Antonio
a. Works:
i. Hagkis ng Talahib (Lash of Wild Grass,
1980)
5. Francisco Sionil Jose
a. Works:
i. The Pretenders (1962)
ii. My Brother, My Executioner (1973)
iii. Tree (1978)
6. Jun Cruz Reyes
a. Works:
i. Utos ng Hari at Iba Pang Kuwento (The
Kings Edict and Other Stories, 1981)
i. August 21, 1983 Benigno Aquino Jr. was assassinated on the day
he arrived when he exile in US.
j. 1986 the end of the dictatorship of Marcos

VI.

Philippine Theatre and Playwright

1. Pulang Tala
2. Golden Ray
3. Barricade
4. Welga, Welga

VII. Women
1. MAKIBAKA
2. Lualhati Bautista
3. Aida F. Santos
4. Malou Jacob
5. Elynia Mabanglo
6. Marjorie Evasco
7. Fanny Garcia
8. Rosalie Matilac
9. Lilia Q. Santiago
10. Rosario Cruz Lucero
11. Joi Barrios