Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Contents
1

Introduction and Background ......................................................................................................... 2

1.1

Reference Standards and Documents .................................................................................... 2

1.2

Design Summary ..................................................................................................................... 2

Design Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 2

2.1

Design Parameters .................................................................................................................. 2

2.2

Hydraulic force calculation ..................................................................................................... 3

2.3

No.of beams and spaces between beams .............................................................................. 3

2.4

Forces on beams and stress calculations................................................................................ 4

2.5

Beam Deflection...................................................................................................................... 8

2.6

Skin Plate................................................................................................................................. 8

Gate Lifting Forces Calculation .....................................................................................................10

3.1

Gate weight...........................................................................................................................10

3.2

Buoyancy of submerged parts ..............................................................................................10

3.3

Friction forces on sliding surfaces.........................................................................................11

3.4

Combined operating load .....................................................................................................11

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

1 Introduction and Background

The purpose of this document is to present calculations and conclusions of design phase of Level
Crossing Outlet at Nebadagahawatta to Mahakitula Route. This outlet gate set can be considered as
Low Head Vertical Slide Gates.

Reference Standards and Documents

1.1

IS 9349 (2006): Recommendations for structural design of medium and high head slide
gates.
IS 6938 (2005): Design of rope drum and chain hoists for hydraulic gates.
Design of Hydraulic Gates- Erbisti P.C.F
IS 5620 (1985): Recommendations for Structural Design Criteria for Low Head Slide Gates.
Engineer Manual EM 1110-2-2701- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Washington, DC 203141000

Design Summary

1.2

Structure Name
Location
Type of Structure
No.of Structures
Operating Mechanism
Sealing method

Level Crossing Outlet

Nebadagahawatta to Mahakitula Route 6+100km
Low head vertical slide gate
04
Electrical motor and manual
Metallic strip

2 Design Calculations
2.1 Design Parameters
Canal full supply level
Design head
Clear span
Seal span
Clear height
Materials

1.45m
2.2m
0.9m
1.1m
2.2m
ASTM A36

2.2 Hydraulic force calculation

Specific weight of water

span of side seals
Maximum headwater on sill
Total force

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

B
H
W

9.807
1.1
2.2
26.11

kN/m3
m
m
kN

Total Hydraulic force on the gate = 26.11 kN

2.3 No.of beams and spaces between beams

According to above methodology beams are loaded equally to withstand the hydrostatic force
acting on the gate.

Area No
1
2
3

Max. Head
water sill
2.2m
2.2m
2.2m

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

No
beams
3
3
3

hk (depth) Yk(depth of
1.27m
1.80m
2.20m

beams)
0.85m
1.55m
2.00m

Then the pressures acting on the beam centres, which are spaced according to above Yk,
P = . Yk,

P = Pressure kN/m2

= Specific weight of water 9.807 kN/m3

Yk = Depth of beams m

Point

Depth
arrangements
of beams m

1
2
3
4
5

0.00
0.85
1.55
2.00
2.20

Pressure at
relevant
points
kN/m2
0.000
8.336
15.201
19.614
21.575

2.4 Forces on beams and stress calculations

Hydro static force acting on beams of the gate is given by,

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

In above equations,

Ra, Rb = Reaction forces kN

B = Seal span 1.1 m

bi = space between two beams, m

Pa, Pb = Pressure kN/m2

Index

Total Force

Beam1

1.3 kN

Beam2

6.69 kN

Beam3

8.07 kN

Beam4

10.043 kN

Then calculated forces will be applied to determine the maimum bending moment and
shear forces acting on beams.

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Maximum bending moment and shear force given by,

M = Maimum bending moment kNm

L = supporting span 1.2m

S = F/2

S = Shar Force kN

B = seal span 1.0m

F = Load on the beam kN

Beam No

Design Load
kN

Max. Bending
Moment kNm

Shearing
force
kN

1
2
3
4

1.3
6.69
8.07
10.043

1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2

1
1
1
1

0.23
1.17
1.41
1.76

0.65
3.345
4.035
5.0215

According to above values now need to select a steel profile as beams which is satisfy
the allowable bending stress and shear stress for such design.
Allowable bending stress = 0.68 x (minimum yield stress)
Allowable shear stress = 0.39 x (minimum yield stress)

Bending stress = (Bending moment)/(section modulus)

Shear Stress = (Shear force)/ (Sectional Area)

Below mentioned tapered flange C-Channel 100x50x5mm section properties satisfied

the design requirements.

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Beam No

Max. Bending
Moment kNm

Section Modulus
m3

Bending Stress
MPa

Allowable bending
stress MPa

0.2275

6.018519

168.64

1.17075

3.78 X 10-5
3.78 X 10-5

30.97222

168.64

1.41225

37.36111

168.64

1.757525

46.49537

168.64

Beam No

Shearing force
kN

Area of the Section

cm2

Shear Stress
MPa

Allowable shear
stress MPA

0.65

11.9

0.546218

96.72

3.345

11.9

2.810924

96.72

4.035

11.9

3.390756

96.72

5.0215

11.9

4.219748

96.72

3.78 X 10-5
3.78 X 10-5

2.5 Beam Deflection

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Deflection of beams given by,

P = Force acting on the beam

L= support span
B= seal span

E = modulus of elasticity 200 GPa

I = moment of inertia of the section

Design limitation of deflection is, it should be lower than the value of 1/800.
E
Seal
Design Supporting
modulus
Beam
Span
Load
Span
of
No
B
N
L mm
Elasticity
mm
N/mm2
1
1300
1200
1000 200000
2
6690
1200
1000 200000
3
8070
1200
1000 200000
4
10043
1200
1000 200000

Moment
Deflection accepted
of
Deflection
ratio
def.ratio
Inertia
mm

1/800
mm4

Difference
(1/800 )

1890000
1890000
1890000
1890000

0.001175186
0.000864998
0.000785581
0.000672037

0.090
0.462
0.557
0.694

7.481E-05
0.000385
0.0004644
0.000578

0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125

2.6 Skin Plate

For this steel made sliding gate selected skin plate thickness as the lowest
recommended value, 8mm. Then checked stresses acting on the skin plate.

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

3 Gate Lifting Forces Calculation

The gate hoist designs to overcome the resistance forces arising during the gate
movements. In general following forces are to be considered.

3.1

Gate weight
Buoyancy of submerged part
Friction forces on supports
Friction forces on seals
Down-pull/uplift forces

Gate weight

Gate Weight

weight of structure

2920 N

weight of mechanical parts

(wheels,pins,seals etc.)

0N

Total weight with debris &

paint

3.066 kN

3.2 Buoyancy of submerged parts

Wr = Buoyancy force
Wg = Weight of Gate
Bay
1
2
3

L mm
(vertical
beam
pitch)
350
350
350

l mm
(Beam
space)

L/l

850
700
450

0.41
0.5
0.77

a mm

b
mm

b/a

P kN/m2

350
350
350

850
700
450

2.42
2
1.28

8.33
15.201
17.4

t skin
plate
thickness
mm
8
8
8

stress
MPa

a allowable
stress
MPa

50
49.9
40.3

7.97
14.51
13.42

168.64
168.64
168.64

7.85 = Specific gravity of steel

Wg
Wr

Weight of
the gate
Buoyancy
force

3.066 kN
0.391 kN
(maximum)
10

** Minimum buoyancy force = 0 kN

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

3.3 Friction forces on sliding surfaces

Friction coefficient (steel to steel) = 0.4

Reaction force N = (Total Hydraulic Force on the Gate) X (Friction Coefficient)

= 10.44 kN

3.4 Combined operating load

During Lifting (kN)

During Lowering(kN)

3.066 (+)

3.066 (-)

Buoyancy force

0 (min.)

0.391(max.)(+)

Friction force (due to sealing)

10.44 (+)

0-10.44(+)

1.5 (+)

1.5 (-)

15.006 (+)

7.374 (+)

Gate weight

Weight of the Spindle

Friction force (hinges, rollers, etc)
Total Force

Then we have to select self- locked gear box for the gate operation. Otherwise gate will
be closed due to its self weight automatically.

11

Design Note on Level Crossing Outlet 2013

Then total lifting force with the factor of safety 1.5,

= 22.509 kN

Selected Lifting Apparatus technical details :

Screw Dia = 2.5 inch

Load capacity of the gear box = 2800 kg
Motor Speed = 1500 rpm
Power of the Motor = 1.17 kW

12