BSICO.

UNIDAD 1

UNIT 1. INTRODUCTIONS
MISCELLANEA

Presentaciones

A continuacin le exponemos un listado de frmulas de saludo y de presentacin.

Sabra qu responder a cada una de ellas? Podra ordenarlas de ms a menos formal?
1.

Pleased to meet you ____________________________________

2.

How are you?

____________________________________

3.

How do you do?

____________________________________

4.

Hi!

____________________________________

La expresin 'How do you do?' se utiliza en contextos muy formales cuando nos
presentan a alguien por primera vez. La respuesta a esta frmula es tambin
'How do you do?' A veces sta suele confundirse con la pregunta 'How are you?', que
significa 'Cmo est Ud?' y tiene por objeto interesarse por el estado de la persona a la
que dirigimos esta pregunta. Las respuestas habituales a esta pregunta son:
'I'm fine, thanks. And you?'
'I'm OK, thanks. And you?'
'Not too bad, thanks. And you?'

Adjetivos de nacionalidad?

Los adjetivos de nacionalidad a menudo se forman aadiendo un sufijo al nombre del

pas.
Exemple:

BritainBritish

AustraliaAustralian

Los sufijos ms utilizados son: '-ish', '-ian', '-ese'

Diga el adjetivo correspondiente a los siguientes paises:
Vietman

Russia

Argentina

Poland

Java

Norway

Yugoslavia

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JapanJapanese

BSICO. UNIDAD 1

TEXT

Verbo to be (ser/estar)
Infinitivo

Pasado

Participio pasado

Gerundio

Be

Was/were

Been

Being

Afirmacin

Contraccin

Negacin

Contraccin

Interrogacin

I am

Im

I am not

Im not

am I?

You are

youre

you are not

you arent

are you?

He is

hes

he is not

he isnt

is he?

She is

shes

she is not

She isnt

is she?

It is

its

it is not

it isnt

is it?

We are

were

we are not

we arent

are we?

You are

youre

you are not

You arent

are you?

They are

theyre

they are not

they arent

are they?

Este verbo es auxiliar y puede hacer la negacin y la interrogacin sobre s mismo.

Para hacer la negacin, se le aade la partcula negativa 'not' al verbo.

Para interrogar, el verbo invierte su posicin con el sujeto.

El uso de las formas contradas denota un contexto ms coloquial y, por lo tanto, no se

consideran correctas en el lenguaje escrito formal.

1. LISTENING Introductions. Presta atencin a la siguiente conversacin y despus

lee el dilogo.
This is Lidia. She is an important business woman from Catalonia in
Spain. She is in Britain on a business trip and to learn English. She
meets John at the airport for the first time.
This is John. He is the manager of a very important hotel in London.
Lidia:

Hello, Im Lidia.

John:

Hello, Lidia. My names John.

Lidia:

Nice to meet you.

John:

Nice to meet you. Welcome to England.

Lidia:

Thank you.

2. PRACTICE. Study the Grammar Help Box and make true sentences using am /
is / are / m not / isnt / arent:
1.

I ______ at work.

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1
2.

It ______ Wednesday today.

3.

My fathers name _____ Peter.

4.

My parents _____ at home.

5.

I _______ married.

6.

Cava ____ a drink from Catalonia.

7.

Lidia and John _____ married.

8.

Lidia _____ English.

9.

A dog _____ a plant. It _____ an animal.

10. Diamonds ______ cheap. They _____ expensive.

3. Completa las siguientes frases con la forma correcta del presente del verbo to
be.
Ejemplo: My name is Claire
1. Where _______ you from?
2. I_______ from Italy.
3. What_______ your name?
4. Christina _______ 21 years old.
5. Mike and Rosie _______ from London but their parents _______ from Glasgow.
6. Clara _______ married. Her husband _______ a hotel manager.
7. His name _______ Stephen.
8. My friend and I _______ doctors. We _______ very interested in our profession.

4. Grammar practice: Making negatives. The following sentences are wrong.

Correct them:
Ejemplo:

1.

Britney Spears is an English football player.

No, she isnt. She is an American singer.

Paris is the capital of Spain.

__________________________ . ____________________________ .
2.

Youre English.

__________________________ . ____________________________ .
3.

Michael Jordan is white.

__________________________ . ____________________________ .
4.

Bananas are vegetables.

__________________________ . ____________________________ .

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1
5.

The month after June is September.

__________________________ . ____________________________ .

5. Grammar practice: Short and long forms. Write the long forms.
Ejemplo:

Im a student.

1.

Whats your name?

2.

My names Tim.

3.

Hes married.

4.

Theyre from Belgium.

5.

Im eighteen.

6.

Shes a nurse.

7.

Youre Italian.

8.

Were teachers.

I am a student.

El artculo indeterminado A /AN

Este artculo se utiliza delante de los sustantivos contables en singular para hablar de un objeto o
persona no especificada. Significa a un/a en espaol.
Uso de A
Delante de palabras que comienzan por consonante,
excepto h muda.

Uso de AN
Delante de palabras que empiezan por vocal o 'h' muda.

Theres a letter on the table.

There is a horse in the farm.
Theres a student in the library.

I have got an American car.

There is an envelope in the drawer.
You are an hour late.

6. Escribe a o an delante de cada uno de los siguientes sustantivos.

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1
1. ___ stamp

2. ___ egg

3. ___ bag

4. ___ notebook

5. ___ orange

7. ___ key

8. ___ envelope

9. ___ dictionary

10. ___ newspaper

11. ___letter

12. ___ umbrella

6. ___ book

7. Usa el diccionario y escribe a o an delante de cada sustantivo.

a. A boy

b. An apple

c. _____________

d. _____________

e. _____________

f. _____________

g. _____________

h. _____________

i. _____________

j. _____________

k. _____________

l. _______________

8. Elige la opcin correcta para completar las oraciones siguientes.

Ejemplo: Hes (a/an) accountant.
1.

Shes (a/an) housekeeper.

2.

John (is thirty years old/is thirty years).

3.

Im (not/no) married

4.

My sister (is/are) very beautiful.

5.

My parents (are/is) rich.

6.

There (are/is) a restaurant and two bars in the hotel.

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1

Los adjetivos posesivos

Los adjetivos posesivos siempre acompaan a un sustantivo y nos indican de quin es algo. Estos
adjetivos tienen un antecedente, es decir, referencia a una persona o cosa nombrada con
anterioridad y concuerdan en gnero y nmero con esta palabra.
Ejemplo:

Mr and Mrs Plough have a son. Their son lives in Jamaica.

(El seor y la seora Plough tienen un hijo. Su hijo vive en Jamaica)

Como puede observar, el adjetivo posesivo 'their' es plural y acompaa a 'son', que es singular. Esto
es as porque 'their' se refiere a Mr and Mrs Plough y nos indica que el hijo (son) es de ellos (Mr
and Mrs Plough).

Pronombres
personales
I
You

Adjetivos posesivos
My
Your

He / She / It

His / Her / Its

We

Our

You
They

Your
Their

9. Completa los huecos con my o your.

1.

Hello. _____ names Sabina.

2.

Whats _____ name?

3.

Is Lynn _____ sister?

4.

JENNY: Albert, this is _____ brother, Darren.

ALBERT: Hello, Darren.
DARREN: Hello.

10. Completa los huecos con his o her.

1.

Whats _____ name? Eugene

2.

_____ name is Jim Burton.

3.

I have a daughter. _____ name is Dorothy.

4.

David is from France. _____ flat is in Paris.

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1

There is / There are

sta es una forma de verbo impersonal que significa 'hay'. A diferencia de nuestra lengua, en
ingls existe una forma para el singular 'there is' y otra para el plural 'there are'.
- AFIRMATIVA
- Usamos la forma there is para el singular.
Ejemplo:
There is a computer in my room.
Hay un ordenador en mi habitacin.
- Usamos There are para el plural.
Ejemplo:
There are three dogs in the park.
Hay tres perros en el parque.
- NEGATIVA
- There isn't (There is not) / There aren't (There are not)
Ejemplos:
There isn't any water on the table.
No hay agua en la mesa.
There aren't many parks in this city.
No hay muchos parques en esta ciudad.
- INTERROGATIVA.
- Is there? / Are there?
Ejemplos:
Is there an English dictionary in the class?
Hay un diccionario de ingls en la clase?
Are there any letters for me?
Hay cartas para mi?

11. Ahora completa las siguientes oraciones con there is, there isnt, is there?,
there are, there arent, are there?
1.

There _____ a big park in our town. There _____ a lake and _____ _____ a lot of trees.

2.

_____ _____ a library in your school? Yes, _____ _____ one.

3.

____ ____ ten players in a football team? No, ____ _____ . _____ _____eleven players.

4.

_____ _____ a train to the airport from the city centre? Yes, _____ _____ a train and _____

_____ two buses: number 7 and 27.

5.

_____ _____ thirty-one days in November?

6.

_____ _____ a computer in your home? Yes, _____ _____ two: one for me and one for my

sister.
7.

Is your coffee all right? No, _____ _____ any sugar in it.

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1
12. Responde a las siguientes preguntas.
1.

Whats your name?

________________________________________________________

2.

Whats your surname?

________________________________________________________

3.

How old are you?

________________________________________________________

4.

Whats your address?

________________________________________________________

5.

Whats your telephone number?

________________________________________________________

6.

Where are you from?

________________________________________________________

7.

Whats your job?

________________________________________________________

8.

Are you married?

________________________________________________________

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1

VOCABULARY

Numbers
1. ONE

11. ELEVEN

21. TWENTY-ONE

31. THIRTY-ONE

2. TWO

12. TWELVE

22. TWENTY-TWO

40. FORTY

3. THREE

13. THIRTEEN

23. TWENTY-THREE

50. FIFTY

4. FOUR

14. FOURTEEN

24. TWENTY-FOUR

60. SIXTY

5. FIVE

15. FIFTEEN

25. TWENTY-FIVE

70. SEVENTY

6. SIX

16. SIXTEEN

26. TWENTY-SIX

80. EIGHTY

7. SEVEN

17. SEVENTEEN

27. TWENTY-SEVEN

90. NINETY

8. EIGHT

18. EIGHTEEN

28. TWENTY-EIGHT

100. ONE HUNDRED

9. NINE

19. NINETEEN

29. TWENTY-NINE

10. TEN

20. TWENTY

30. THIRTY

Cmo formar nombres de profesiones

Uno de los recursos lingsticos para formar nuevo vocabulario es el empleo de afijos. Podemos
aadir sufijos o prefijos a la raz de una palabra para obtener otra nueva.
Ejemplo:

teach teacher;

science scientist.

Como puede observarse, al aadir los sufijos '-er', 'ist', se obtienen dos sustantivos referidos a
profesiones. Los sufijos ms comunes para formar nombres relacionados con los oficios profesiones
son: '-er' '-or' '-ian' '-man' '-ist
Observe las profesiones que se obtienen de las siguientes palabras:
Verbo

Profesin

act

actor

manage

manager

politics

politician

play

player

paint

painter

fire

fireman

chemistry

chemist

music

musician

Cuando decimos a qu se dedica alguien, delante de la profesin hay que utilizar el artculo
indeterminado a/an.
Ejemplo:

My mother Works as a photographer.

Mr Jones is a policeman.

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Jobs

JOB

MEANING

head teacher

Director de colegio

Actor

Actor

jeweler

Joyero

air steward

Azafata de vuelo

journalist

Periodista

Architect

Arquitecto

judge

Juez

shop assistant

Dependiente

lawyer

Abogado

Baker

Panadero

manager

Director

barman / barmaid / bar

person

Camarero

miner

Minero

musician

Msico

nurse

Enfermera

painter

Pintor

photographer

Fotgrafo

pilot

Piloto

plumber

Fontanero

police officer

Oficial de polica

businessman /
businesswoman /
executive

Empresario, ejecutivo

Butcher

Carnicero

civil servant

Funcionario

Clero

oficinista/administrativo

Computer operator /
programmer

Programador/informtico

Cook

Cocinero

politician

Poltico

Dentist

Dentista

receptionist

Recepcionista

Designer

Diseador

sailor

Navegante

Director

Director

Vendedor/a, representante

Doctor

Doctor/medico

salesman/ saleswoman
/salesperson

driver bus / taxi / train

driver

Conductor de autobs, taxi,

tren

secretary

Secretaria

surgeon

Cirujano

electrician

Electricista

teacher

Profesor, maestro

Engineer

Ingeniero

travel agent

Agente de viajes

Farmer

Granjero

waiter

Camarero

fisherman

Pescador

writer

Escritor

fishmonger

Pescadero

hairdresser

Peluquero

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BSICO. UNIDAD 1

SELF-EVALUATION EXERCISES
13. Whats your name? Complete the conversations:
1. A: Hello.

Whats

your name?

B: Claire. Whats ______ ______ ?

A: My name ______ George. Where ______ you ______Claire?
B: I ______ from Dublin. ______ ______you from, John?
A: ______ ______ New York.

14. Writing: Hes from Australia. Escribe acerca de las personas

que aparcen en el siguiente ejercicio. Fjate en el ejemplo:
SURNAME: Roberts
FIRST NAME: Alice
FROM: The United States
JOB: Dentist
AGE: 25

1. Shes Alice Roberts.

2. Shes from the United States.
3. Shes a dentist.
4. Shes twenty-five.

SURNAME: Nolan
FIRST NAME: Tom
FROM: Australia
JOB: Hairdresser
AGE: 32

1.
2.
3.
4.

SURNAME: Smith
FIRST NAMES: Ann and Tina
FROM: Scotland
JOB: Students
AGE: 20

1.
2.
3.
4.

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OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION

13. Observa la imagen del siguiente ejercicio y descrbela. Escribe oraciones con
there is, there are + a, an, one, two + nombres de objetos. Usa el diccionario si lo
necesitas.

Ejemplos: There is a scarf under the bed.

There are three books on the floor.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

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