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For the preliminary study of geothermal, we must to know the distribution of the volcano
or the geological setting. In this task, our group search the distribution of the volcano distribution
in the world, Indonesia , Java and East Java. Not only that, we also give the distribution of the
geothermal prospecting. Here our description :
1. Vulcano Distribution in the world
Figure 1. The Active Volcanoes, Plate Tectonics and the Ring of Fire
Most natural geothermal fields are located at the plate boundaries, because this is where
volcanoes are concentrated and hot magma is close to the surface. New Zealand, for example, is
located on a plate boundary and has a lot of natural hot springs and geysers. It has several
geothermal power stations, including one at Waireki. This was the second geothermal power
station ever built. By knowing the volcano distribution, we can know the potential of geothermal
area. Here the map of the geothermal distribution :
3. Geothermal in Java
Indonesia has abundant resources of geothermal energy. One of the highest potential and
geothermal resources in Indonesia is located in Java island which has 10.059 MW. Moreover,
Java also has drill in 66 field and has installed 1134 MW as highest production in Indonesia. In
2013, the fiield that has highest production in Indonesia is PLTP Salak in Bandung which is 377
MW. Despite of production field, Java Island also has another geothermal resources that still in
exploration and study. Before that, I will give you the volcano map distribution in Java Island :
Based on above picture, we can see that almost 57 geothermal potentials in Java. Those
consist of quarternary volcanic geothermal system, tertiary volcanic geothermal system, outflow
system, non volcanic geothermal system, and geothermal production field. In other hand, some
of theses potentials have been drilled and production :
140 MW
375 MW
145 MW
110 MW
60 MW
Picture 5. Welirang
d. Wilis Argopuro
The potential energy 185 MW. The geothermal system indicate by fumarole in the
top of Argopuro and it is the sign of upflow and outflow zone that the water
condensation follow the fault to North South and West South East. The
temperature of reservoir abaout 310C.
Picture 6. Argopuro
e. Tiris-G. Lamongan
The hot spring can find along Tacak river as the fault northwest northeast. The
type of the hot spring contain of bicarbonate-chloride with temperature 43C.
The temperature of reservoir 80-220C. the fluid from meteoric water.
Geothermal in Tiris is outflow and upflow zone of Lamongan volcano
f. Rejosari dan Melati
The potency about 25 MW and the temperature of the warm spring 40C an the
pH is neutral the warm spring contain sulfate.
g. Tirtosari
It is located at Sumenep, Madura. But the potency is small, abaout 10 MW. The
surface manifestation from hot spring
h. Songgoriti
The geothermal prospect in Songgoriti from the warm spring with temperature
47C. The characteristic is so different with Welirang because the fluid. The hot
source indicated from Panderman or Kawi.
i. G. Pandan
The potency in this area is 50 MW and it is located at Bojonegoro. The
geothermal system can identify from hot spring near the Pandan mountain.
j. Bromo Semeru
The potency about 500 MW
5. Result
From our workflow which are, collect data then analysis, measure, conclusion and the
last is continued plan, we can conclude that Indonesia is one of the highest potential resorces in
the world, That causes about Indonesias location, which located in Ring of Fire. That shows
Indonesia has the highest number of volcanos in the world. Geothermal resources distribution in
Indonesia is start from western until eastern of Indonesia. Sumatra and Java Island have the
highest potential and production of geothermal energy in Indonesia. In the other hand, PLTP
Salak in West Java is the highest production of geothermal field in Indonesia.
6. Continued Plan
After we known about geothermal resources and potential in Indonesia especially in east
java, we should know about geothermal challenges and development. Because from
identification the problems, we can analyze and looking for solution for those problems. The
solutions can from exploration until regulation of geothermal energy in Indonesia. So, by these
solutions, we can maximize and utilize all geothermal resources in Indonesia and can fulfil
energy
demand
in
the
future.