Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
category:
Introduction to Computing
Table of Contents
1. First Generation of
Computers (1942-1955)
generationsofcomputers.
1.1. Advantages
First
Generation
1.2. Disadvantages
Computers(19421955)
of
2. Second Generation
Computers (1955-1964)
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
1/16
6/10/2016
2.1. Advantages
2.2. Disadvantages
3. Third Generation
Computers (1964-1975)
3.1. Advantages
3.2. Disadvantages
4. Fourth Generation
Computers (1975-Present)
4.1. Advantages
4.2. Disadvantages
5. Fifth Generation
Computers (Present
UNIVAC
(Universal
Automatic
computerswereusedduring19421955.Theywerebasedonvacuumtubes. Examples
offirstgenerationcomputersareENIVACandUNIVAC1.
Advantages
Vacuumtubesweretheonlyelectroniccomponentavailableduringthose
days.
Vacuumtubetechnologymadepossibletomakeelectronicdigital
computers.
Thesecomputerscouldcalculatedatainmillisecond.
Disadvantages
Thecomputerswereverylargeinsize.
Theyconsumedalargeamountofenergy.
Theyheatedverysoonduetothousandsofvacuumtubes.
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
2/16
6/10/2016
Theywerenotveryreliable.
Airconditioningwasrequired.
Constantmaintenancewasrequired.
Nonportable.
Costlycommercialproduction.
Limitedcommercialuse.
Veryslowspeed.
Limitedprogrammingcapabilities.
Usedmachinelanguageonly.
Usedmagneticdrumswhichprovideverylessdatastorage.
Usedpunchcardsforinput.
Notversatileandveryfaulty.
SimilarTopics:TypesofComputersbyPurpose|TypesofPrinters
SecondGenerationComputers(19551964)
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
3/16
6/10/2016
The second generation computers used transistors. The scientists at Bell laboratories
developed transistor in 1947. These scientists include John Barden, William Brattain and
William Shockley. The size of the computers was decreased by replacing vacuum tubes
withtransistors.TheexamplesofsecondgenerationcomputersareIBM7094series,IBM
1400seriesandCDC164etc.
Advantages
Smallerinsizeascomparedtothefirstgenerationcomputers.
The2ndgenerationComputersweremorereliable
Usedlessenergyandwerenotheated.
Widercommercialuse
Betterportabilityascomparedtothefirstgenerationcomputers.
Betterspeedandcouldcalculatedatainmicroseconds
Usedfasterperipheralsliketapedrives,magneticdisks,printeretc.
UsedAssemblylanguageinsteadofMachinelanguage.
Accuracyimproved.
Disadvantages
Coolingsystemwasrequired
Constantmaintenancewasrequired
Commercialproductionwasdifficult
Onlyusedforspecificpurposes
Costlyandnotversatile
Puchcardswereusedforinput.
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
4/16
6/10/2016
ThirdGenerationComputers(19641975)
The Third generation computers used the integrated circuits (IC). Jack Kilby developed
theconceptofintegratedcircuitin1958.Itwasanimportantinventioninthecomputerfield.
The first IC was invented and used in 1961. The size of an IC is about square inch. A
singleICchipmaycontainthousandsoftransistors.Thecomputerbecamesmallerinsize,
faster, more reliable and less expensive. The examples of third generation computers are
IBM370,IBMSystem/360,UNIVAC1108andUNIVACAC9000etc.
Advantages
Smallerinsizeascomparedtopreviousgenerations.
Morereliable.
Usedlessenergy
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
5/16
6/10/2016
Producedlessheatascomparedtotheprevioustwogenerationsof
computers.
Betterspeedandcouldcalculatedatainnanoseconds.
Usedfanforheatdischargetopreventdamage.
Maintenancecostwaslowbecausehardwarefailureisreare.
Totallygeneralpurpose
Couldbeusedforhighlevellanguages.
Goodstorage
Versatiletoanextent
Lessexpensive
Betteraccuracy
Commercialproductionincreased.
Usedmouseandkeyboardforinput.
Disadvantages
Airconditioningwasrequired.
HighlysophisticatedtechnologyrequiredforthemanufacturingofICchips.
FourthGenerationComputers(1975Present)
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
6/16
6/10/2016
The fourth generation computers started with the invention of Microprocessor. The
Microprocessor contains thousands of ICs. Ted Hoff produced the first microprocessor in
1971forIntel.It was known as Intel 4004. The technology of integrated circuits improved
rapidly. The LSI (Large Scale Integration) circuit and VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)
circuit was designed. It greatly reduced the size of computer. The size of modern
Microprocessorsisusuallyonesquareinch.Itcancontainmillionsofelectroniccircuits.The
examplesoffourthgenerationcomputersareAppleMacintosh&IBMPC.
Advantages
Morepowerfulandreliablethanpreviousgenerations.
Smallinsize
Fastprocessingpowerwithlesspowerconsumption
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
7/16
6/10/2016
Fanforheatdischargingandthustokeepcold.
Noairconditioningrequired.
Totallygeneralpurpose
Commercialproduction
Lessneedofrepair.
Cheapestamongallgenerations
AlltypesofHighlevellanguagescanbeusedinthistypeofcomputers
Disadvantages
ThelatesttechnologyisrequiredformanufacturingofMicroprocessors.
FifthGenerationComputers(Present&Beyond)
Scientists are working hard on the 5th generation computers with quite a few
breakthroughs.ItisbasedonthetechniqueofArtificial Intelligence (AI). Computerscan
understand spoken words & imitate human reasoning. Can respond to its surroundings
using different types of sensors. Scientists are constantly working to increase the
processingpowerofcomputers.TheyaretryingtocreateacomputerwithrealIQwiththe
help of advanced programming and technologies. IBM Watson computeris one example
that outsmarts Harvard University Students. The advancement in modern technologies
willrevolutionizethecomputerinfuture.
You might also like:
TheFourTypesofComputers
Advantagesanddisadvantagesofcomputers
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
8/16
6/10/2016
Sponsored
WhatisIVFandHowDoesItWork
IVF
FifteenYearsOfFeuding!CamillaSecretlyDespisesKate
RadarOnline
Gamersaroundtheworldhavebeenwaitingforthisgame!
ForgeOfEmpiresFreeOnlineGame
EndYourNightlySnoringNightmareWithThisSimpleSolution
MySnoringSolution
20LesserKnownFactsAboutHarryPotter
BestPIctureBlog
NorthKorea'sNuclearTestShocksTheWorld
ReutersTV
36Comments
ByteNotes
Recommend 43
Share
Login
SortbyBest
Jointhediscussion
michey 2yearsago
Assignmentalsocomplete
Reply Share
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
9/16
6/10/2016
saranya 2yearsago
itisveryeasynotes
2
Reply Share
shana 3yearsago
itshelpful
1
Reply Share
Lukman 3yearsago
GOOD
Reply Share
ShubhamDhanuka 4monthsago
yooo.itshelptodotheassignment.itisveryeasynotestounderstandthegenerationof
computer.
Reply Share
kevinlovito 4monthsago
icannowsubmitmyassignmentwithconfidence.thanks
Reply Share
sarathkumar 9monthsago
itshelpfulandthankyoucompletedmyassignment
Reply Share
sheetalyadav ayearago
Thnksalot
Reply Share
asadkhan ayearago
gooditsveryeasynotes
Reply Share
SaifulIslamBuet ayearago
Icaneasilyunderstandaboutthefivegenerationofcomputersfromhere.
Reply Share
NAKIWALAWINNIE ayearago
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
10/16
6/10/2016
NAKIWALAWINNIE ayearago
comparethefirstgenerationandthethirdcomputergenerationoftheindicated
caracteristics1.
scientificmilestone,2.amountofram,3.inputdevices,4.processingspeed,5.software
Reply Share
ydy 2yearsago
Whataboutfifthgeneration
Reply Share
Yousef 2yearsago
itisveryhelpfulmyassignment
THANKYOU
Reply Share
Subramani 2yearsago
Itisveryusefulforfundamentalofcomputer
Reply Share
ygfjuty 2yearsago
adycopy
Reply Share
Ahsan 2yearsago
thanks
Reply Share
Atif 2yearsago
yahhit'shelpfullofstudents..
Reply Share
Madhan 2yearsago
Thankyou
Reply Share
Harpreet 2yearsago
Thankyou,Itscompletedmyassignment....:)
Reply Share
mjhKm 2yearsago
assignmentcompleted
Reply Share
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
11/16
6/10/2016
pavithra 2yearsago
itissousefulformycomputerskills
Reply Share
micuuh 2yearsago
Thankyou.Gotalltheinformationineed:)
Reply Share
hamzaalikhan 3yearsago
goodone..helpsmetomakeassigment
Reply Share
Vincent 3yearsago
Thanks:D
Reply Share
GeoffreyLesayo 3yearsago
fantasticuhaveassistedmedomyassignment
Reply Share
AyeshaLone 3yearsago
verygoodwebsiteyahooooooOOO
Reply Share
keerthikumar 3yearsago
Goodwebsiteforstudentseducation......
Reply Share
AmitChaudhary 3yearsago
It'shelpfulbuddy.
Reply Share
AyeshaLone>AmitChaudhary 3yearsago
really?
2
Reply Share
shubham 3yearsago
nice
Reply Share
michaelrojas 3yearsago
nice
Reply Share
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
12/16
6/10/2016
Reply Share
imtalwar>michaelrojas 2yearsago
informative,butnotcomleteIts
Reply Share
bigmanakablacks>imtalwar 2yearsago
thnks
Reply Share
Shivam 8monthsago
Thiswassomuchhelpful.
Reply Share
Keyne 2yearsago
well
Reply Share
Poojasri>Keyne ayearago
Itiseasytocompletemyproject
Subscribe
Reply Share
AddDisqustoyoursiteAddDisqusAdd
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
Privacy
13/16
6/10/2016
byte-notes
google.com/+Byte-notes
Follow
+1
+ 235
CustomSearch
SEARCH
Related Posts
Four types of computers
Types of printers
Types of Monitors
Computer Input Devices
Number System in computer
Storage units - bit,byte,nibble
Analog Digital Hybrid computers
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
14/16
6/10/2016
Poll
Do you like the new design? How about the Tech blog Section
Yes
72%
No
12%
Needs some improvement (Tell us in comments plz)
16%
Total votes: 1202
Older polls
User login
Username *
Password *
15/16
6/10/2016
LOGIN
Get in Touch
Byte-Notes, Inc
Whatsapp: +923009022270
Email: admin@byte-notes.com
website: www.byte-notes.com
Contactus|Sitemap|RSS|TermsofServices
http://www.bytenotes.com/fivegenerationscomputers
16/16