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The intent to discriminate might not have been a factor. But an East Coast
chemical manufacturer will still have to pay $175,000 in back pay and interest
to 660 African-American job applicants, who were rejected for entry-level jobs
at one of their locations over a one-year period.
The problem was a failure to satisfy the federal Uniform Guidelines on
Employee Selection Procedures. In particular, the company's pre-employment
test was deemed to disproportionately screen out a protected group based on
criteria that weren't sufficiently linked to the skills required for the jobs the
company was filling.
The original guidelines (updated over the years) were issued by the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) back in 1978, six years after the
enactment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act. While the basic rules
aren't new, they're subject to constant interpretation in each employment
scenario, and in the case of the chemical manufacturer, the employer's
interpretation didn't hold up. The rules seek to eliminate aspects of hiring
systems that could be discriminatory by race, gender, religion or national
origin.
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Note: You don't need to analyze testing results for every protected group. An
exception is made for groups that represent less than 2% of the local work
force. That low threshold might be applicable to the "national origin"
category, if a relatively obscure country is involved.
Failing the "substantially different rate of selection" test isn't, on its own,
proof of illegal discrimination, however. The EEOC describes it as "a numerical
basis for drawing an initial inference and for requiring additional information."
This is where test validation comes in basically showing that the test gives
an accurate measurement of a job candidate's ability to be successful in the
position sought.
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1. Measure the extent to which each element of your selection process has
an adverse impact on members of protected groups, and
2. Ask you for evidence of the validity of any selection mechanism that has
been shown to have an adverse impact.
Unfortunately, you can't give a trial run to validate evidence to the EEOC in
advance to gain assurance whether it will pass muster if you face an
accusation of discrimination. During an examination, "validity evidence will
not be reviewed without evidence of how the selection procedure is used and
what impact its use has on various race, sex and ethnic groups," according to
the EEOC.
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Industrial psychologists and other job experts specialize in these issues, and
can help you to avoid falling into any employment discrimination traps.
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E-mail : info@hrp.net
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