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Abstract
Blending of hydrogen to enhance the combustion properties of CNG during lean burn is investigated. The blends tested were 2, 6, 9,
13 wt % of hydrogen with CNG. Blending is done online to reduce NOx and improvement in performance output. Sequential injection
system is used to reduce backfire and improve power output. At 25 % throttle position and 3500 rpm HCNG blends shown 40 %
reduction in CO2, 10.5% reduction in HC and 20.5 % reduction in CO2 compared to CNG. There was drastic reduction in carbon
based emissions in CNG compared to gasoline due to lower carbon content molecular structure. There is 56 % reduction in NOx for
blend of 40HCNG and 30 % improvement in brake thermal efficiency compared to CNG. 15 % power drop is observed due to reduce
energy content of charge intake. 20HCNG shown optimum condition with reduction in NOx and carbon based emission and no change
in power output compared to CNG.
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
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2. LITERATURE REVIEW
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
977
3. ENGINE TEST
Tests were conducted at 25 % throttle (part load 6 Kg) with
constant speed 3500 rpm. The four stroke engine is connected
to a personal computer based data acquisition system. The
system allows simultaneous measurement of all major engine
parameters, including torque, flow rates, speed, pressures,
temperatures and exhaust composition.
4. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
978
6.77
6.5
6.1
Brake Power, kW
5.7
5.4
5.5
5.1
5
4.5
4
H2, wt %
Fig 1: Effects of blending on Power output
There is continuous reduction in HC emissions with increase in
hydrogen blends. As hydrogen is carbon less fuel the C/H ratio
for blends are less. The increased temperature and enhanced
flame speed reduces hydrocarbon emissions.
25
12.3
11.78
10
12.81
15
10.35
20
9.4
30
25.05
13
5
0
Gasoline
CNG
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
979
1311
1058
0.611
0.3
0.2
601
800
686
777
1000
0.5
0.4
1200
0.6
0.585
0.5619
0.7
1400
0.33
600
400
0.1
200
24
0.8
0.6955
0.7195
Gasoline CNG
37.11
39
hydrocarbon, ppm
31
29
50
35.5
33
13
46
40
33.49
32.17
35
45
28.58
37
37.9
35
30
25
18
20
20
20
19
17
15
10
27
5
25
Gasoline CNG
13
0
Gasoline
CNG
13
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
980
6.CONCLUSION
468
500
406
400
13
368
354
400
406
450
Exhaust temp oC
350
300
250
200
Gasoline CNG
REFERENCES
[1]
15.7
[3]
14.1
12.8
14
13.65
Indicated Power, kW
15
13.8
15
16
13
[4]
12
[5]
11
10
Gasoline
CNG
13
[6]
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Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | Apr-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
981