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What are the four basic financial statements? What is the primary purpose of each
of the four basic financial statements? In your opinion, which financial statement
is the most important? Explain why. How would the financial statements be useful
to managers and employees? How would the financial statements be useful to
investors and creditors?
What are debits and credits? How are debits and credits used to record business
transactions? Why do accountants debit asset accounts to increase them but
credit liability accounts to increase them? Why do accountants debit expenses to
increase them but credit revenues to increase them?
Prepare a 700 -1,050 word paper in which you identify the four basic financial
statements. Describe the purpose of each of the four financial statements.
Discuss how the financial statements would be useful to internal users, such as to
managers and employees. Discuss how the financial statements would be useful
to external users, such as investors and creditors.
What are deferrals? What are some examples of deferrals? Why do deferrals require
adjusting entries?
What accounts are subject to adjusting journal entries and why? How would you
explain the purpose of the adjusted trial balance?
Exercise E3-4
A tabular analysis of the transactions made during August 2010 by Witten
Company during its first month of operations is shown below. Each increase and
decrease in stockholders equity is explained.
Liabilitie
Assets
= s
Accounts
Receivabl
Cash
+ e
Supplie
+ s
Office
Account
Equipmen
+ t
= Payable
+ Stockholders Equity
Retained Earnings
Commo
+ n Stock
+ Rev.
- Exp.
- Div.
$20,00
1.
2.
-1,000
3.
-750
$20,000
$5,000
$4,000
$750
$9,80
4.
4,400
5.
-1,500
$5,400
0
-1,500
-
2,00
6.
-2,000
7.
-800
8.
450
-800
-450
3,00
9.
10
-3,000
0
500
-500
Exercise E3-9
Oct. 2
Oct. 3
Oct. 6
at this time).
Oct.
10
Receives cash of $140 as commission for acting as rental agent renting an apartment.
Oct.
27
Oct.
30
Post the transactions to T-accounts and complete the following trial balance.
Problem 3-5A
Stockholders invested $15,000 cash in exchange for common stock of the corporation.
10
11
20
30
30
Problem 3-6A
This is the trial balance of Slocombe Company on September 30.
SLOCOMBE COMPANY
Trial Balance
September 30, 2010
Debit
Cash
$8,300
Accounts Receivable
2,600
Supplies
2,100
Equipment
8,000
Accounts Payable
Credit
$5,100
Unearned Revenue
900
Common Stock
15,000
$21,000
$21,000
10
15
17
20
29
31
What are the steps in completing the accounting cycle? How do the different steps
affect the financial statements? What is the effect on the financial statements of
missing a step when completing the accounting cycle? What are the four closing
journal entries? Why are they necessary? What are reversing entries? Why are
they used? What are the pros and cons of using reversing entries? Why are
reversing entries optional?
What are the pros and cons of using reversing entries? Why are reversing entries
optional? What is the main purpose of a financial statement worksheet and its
benefits? How has automation aided the preparation, accuracy, and use of the
financial statement worksheet?
Exercise BE4-1
Transactions that affect earnings do not necessarily affect cash.
Identify the effect, if any, that each of the following transactions would have upon
cash and net income. The first transaction has been completed as an example.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Problem P4-2A
Nick Waege started his own consulting firm, Waegelein Consulting, on June 1,
2010. The trial balance at June 30 is as follows.
WAEGELEIN CONSULTING
Trial Balance
June 30, 2010
Debit
Cash
$6,850
Accounts Receivable
7,000
Prepaid Insurance
2,640
Supplies
2,000
Office Equipment
15,000
Credit
Accounts Payable
$4,540
5,200
Common Stock
21,750
Service Revenue
8,000
Salaries Expense
4,000
Rent Expense
2,000
$39,490
Other data:
1
$39,490
2
.
A utility bill for $180 has not been recorded and will not be paid until next month.
3
.
4
.
$3,900 of unearned service revenue has been earned at the end of the month.
5
.
The office equipment has a 5-year life with no salvage value and is being depreciated at $250 per
Invoices representing $3,500 of services performed during the month have not been recorded as
of June 30.
Problem P4-3A
The Olathe Hotel opened for business on May 1, 2010. Here is its trial balance before
adjustment on May 31.
OLATHE HOTEL
Trial Balance
May 31, 2010
Debit
Cash
$2,500
Prepaid Insurance
1,800
Supplies
2,600
Land
15,000
Lodge
70,000
Furniture
16,800
Credit
Accounts Payable
$4,700
3,300
Mortgage Payable
36,000
Common Stock
60,000
Rent Revenue
9,000
Salaries Expense
3,000
Utilities Expense
800
Advertising Expense
500
$113,000
$113,000
Other data:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The mortgage interest rate is 7%. (The mortgage was taken out on May 1.)
5.
6.
How would you calculate cost of goods sold? What items make up cost of goods
sold? How does beginning and ending inventory affect cost of goods sold? What are
the journal entries a merchandising organization would use to record the purchase
and subsequent sale of merchandise? How would these transactions differ with a
periodic versus a perpetual inventory system? Why are perpetual inventory
systems so much more popular today than back in the early 1960s and earlier?
Why would a company employing a perpetual inventory system still take a physical
inventory periodically?
What are the three different inventory cost flow assumptions commonly used in
commerce today and allowed by generally accepted accounting principles? How
does a company determine what cost flow assumption they should use? How does
first in, first out cost flow assumption work? When it is most appropriate to use?
How does last in, first out cost flow assumption work? When it is most appropriate
to use? How does an average cost flow assumption work? When it is most
appropriate to use?
Problem P4-8A
Linda Blye opened Cardinal Window Washing Inc. on July 1, 2010. During July
the following transactions were completed.
July 1
July 1
Purchased used truck for $9,000, paying $2,000 cash and the balance on account.
July 3
July 5
July
12
July
Paid $1,000 cash on amount owed on truck and $500 on amount owed on cleaning
18
supplies.
July
20
July
21
July
25
July
31
Paid $260 for gas and oil used in the truck during month.
July
31
2.
3.
4.
5.
3.) Post the July transactions to the ledger accounts. (Use T accounts.) Post
adjusting entries to the T accounts. Post closing entries and complete the closing
process.
4.) Complete the Trial Balance and Adjusted Trial Balance at July 31.
5.) Complete the income statement and a retained earnings statement for July and
a classified balance sheet at July 31
6.) Journalize the post closing entries.
Browse the Internet to acquire a copy of the most recent annual report for a
publicly traded company. Analyze the information contained in the companys
balance sheet and income statement to answer the following questions:
1
What are the companys total assets at the end of its most recent annual
What are the total assets at the end of the previous annual reporting period?
How much cash and cash equivalents did the company have at the end of its
What amount of accounts payable did the company have at the end of its most
What amount of accounts payable did the company have at the end of the
What are the companys net revenues for the last three annual reporting
periods?
7
What is the change in dollars in the companys net income from its most recent
What are the companys total current assets at the end of its most recent
What are the total current assets at the end of the previous annual reporting
period?
10 What in the information above would be important to a potential investor,
employee, and so on?
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
companys internal controls? What are the negative and positive elements of a
control environment? What are two examples of strong and weak internal controls
in organizations where you have worked or have first-hand knowledge? How are
these different? How would you describe the key internal controls that should be
in place to protect cash in a cash rich environment such as a merchandiser? What
are the key internal controls that should be in place to protect inventory for a
merchandiser that sells highly desirable and very expensive inventory, such as
jewelry? Would this be different if the business had a less desirable and less
expensive inventory? Explain why or why not.
Using examples of weak internal controls in an organization you are familiar with,
how would you improve those controls to better safeguard a companys assets?
Would these internal controls differ with a different type of business? How could
you improve internal controls over the assets that you own? What is the SarbanesOxley Act of 2002? Why did it come about? How have the new rules in the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 affected the way accounting departments and
companies operate? What are some positive outcomes from these changes?
Access the internet to acquire a copy of the most recent annual report for the
public traded company used to complete the Financial Reporting Problem, Part 1
assignment due in week Four. Analyze the information contained in the companys
balance sheet and income statement to answer the following questions:
Are the assets included under the companys current assets listed in the proper
order? Explain your answer.
How are the companys assets classified?
What are cash equivalents?
What are the companys total current liabilities at the end of its most recent
annual reporting period?
What are the companys total current liabilities at the end of the previous annual
reporting period?
Considering all the information you have gathered, why might this information be
important to potential creditors, investors, and employees?
Format your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines.