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9.

Ex/ME/T/212/29/2011

B ACHELOR

a) Discuss minor losses in pipe flow.

OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING E XAMINATION , 2011

b) A horizontal pipe flow 40 metre long is connected to a water

( 2nd Year, 1st Semester)

tank at one end and discharges freely into the atmosphere at

F LUID MECHANICS - I

the other end. For the first 25 metre of length from the tank,

Time : Three hours

Full Marks : 100

the pipe is 15 centimetre diameter and its diameter is


suddenly enlarged to 30 centimetre. The height of the water

Answer any five questions.

level in the tank is 8 metres above the centre of the pipe.

All questions carry equal marks.

Considering all losses of head which occur, determine the

1.

temperature on the viscosity of liquids and gases.

rate of flow. Take friction factor f = 002 for both sections


of pipe.
10.

Write short notes (any four) :

a) State Newtons law of viscosity. Discuss the effect of

6+14

b) The dynamic viscosity of an oil used for lubrication between

54=20

a shaft and sleeve is 6 poise. The shaft is of diameter 04 m


and rotates at 190 r.p.m. Calculate the power lost in the

a) Specific energy.

bearing for a sleeve length of 90 mm. The thickness of the


b) Pitot-Static tube.
c) Micro-Manometers.

oil film is 15 mm.


2.

4+6+10

a) Show that the centre of pressure always lies below the


centre of gravity of a plane surface subjected to hydrostatic

d) Meta Centre.

pressure.

e) Moodys diagram.

b) A circular plate 3 metre diameter is immersed in water in

f) Thrust on curved surface.

such a way that the greatest and least depth below the free
g) Kinetic energy correction factor.

surface are 4 m and 15 metre respectively. Determine the


total pressure on one face of the plate and the position of the
centre of pressure.
3.

10+10

a) State the principle of conservation of linear and angular


momentum (moment of momentum).

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b) A 135o reducing bend is connected in a pipe line, the

deducing the required equation. If the coefficient of viscosity of

diameters at the inlet and outlet of the bend being 60 cm and

water is one centipoise, determine whether the flow in the pipe

30 cm respectively. Find the force exerted by water on the

is laminar or turbulent.

bend if the intensity of pressure at inlet to bend is 90 KPa

6.

(Kilo-Pascal) and rate of flow of water is 600 lits/sec.


Note : The pipe is bent in a horizontal plane.

8+8+4

a) Deduce the formula for calculating the actual discharge


through the V-notch weir.

6+14
b) Water flows over a rectangular weir 1 metre wide at a depth

4.

a) State Hagen-Poiseullis equation and Darchys equation.

of 15 cm and afterwards passes through a triangular right

Show that the relation between friction factor (f) and

angled weir. Taking Cd for the rectangular and triangular

64
Reynolds no. (Re) is given by f =
for a laminar flow..
Re

weir as 062 and 059 respectively, find the depth over the
triangular weir.

b) Water at 20 degree celcius is flowing at the rate of 20 lits/


second through a 140 mm diameter and 10 metre long

7.

a) State Chezys and Mannings equation. Find the relations for


economic trapezoidal cross-section of a channel.

conduit. Assuming a smooth pipe flow, determine

b) The depth of flow of water, at a certain section of a

a) the nature of flow (laminar or turbulent), and

rectangular channel of 4 metre wide, is 05 metre. The


b) pressure drop

discharge through the channel is 16 m3/sec. If a hydraulic

Take kinematic viscosity of water at 20oC = 1.01106 m2/s.

jump takes place in the downstream side, find the depth of

8+12
5.

the flow after the jump. Also calculate the power lost in the
hydraulic jump.

A differential manometer containing mercury as the gauge fluid


is connected across a venturimeter fitted with a horizontal pipe
of 100 mm diameter. The diameter of the throat of the
venturimeter is 60 mm and its discharge coefficient is 095.
When the water is flowing through the pipe, the difference of
two vertical mercury columns of the manometer is found to be
12 cm. Determine the discharge passing through the pipe after

8.

a) Stating the underlying assumptions, obtain the Bernoullis


equation and show that it is an energy equation.
b) A submarine, submerged in sea water, travels at 16 km per
hour. Calculate the pressure at the front of the stagnation
point situated 15 metre below the free surface. (Density of
sea water = 1026 kg / m3 )

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