Exemplar para so exclusivo - PETRORECONCAVO SA - 03.242.70410001-20 (Pedido 561724 Impresse: 20/10/2015) INTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 4268 First edition 2000.00.15 ee Petroleum and liquid petroleum products — Temperature measurements — Manual methods Pétrolo ot produits pétrolirs liquides — Mesuragos de la tempéraluro — Méthodes manuelles Referonce number ISO 4268:2000(E) © 180 2000va - PETRORECONCAVO S.A -03.242.70410001-30 [Pedido 551728 Impresso: 2211 Exemplar para uso excl ISO 4268:2000(E) POF disclaimor ‘This PDF le may contain embedded typefsces In accordaneo vith Adobe's leonaing poley, thls flo may bo pritad or iowod but shal not ho edited unis the ypotaces which are embedded ara leensad to ar installed onthe eamputer performing the editing In dewnlonding the fp, partes nccept therein tne responelolty of nat ninging Adabe' leanaing poly, Tha ISO Cental Seeolarial aczapts ne labilly fs ‘Adobe Isa radomark of Adobe Sysioms incorporated, Detals af ho tofwaro produels used to eran thie POF fila can be found inthe Genera inf eitive te the fle; the POF- 925 45 80. 17.3.3 Flushing-case thermometers ‘The procedure for a flushing-case thermometer is as follows, 2) Prepare the flushing-case thermometer by cocking its chamber open, and lower it into the tank. b) Give the apparatus a preliminary flushing as it enters the oil. Then lower it to the first required level, selected in accordance with Table 2. Once at the desired level, flush it for at least 2 min by repeatedly raising and lowering the device through a distance of about 0,3 m, NOTE 1 Caro is roquired to avoid jorking the oporating cord during tho raising and lowering procedure ae thie may close the chamber promaturoly ©) When the flushing-case and the thermometer have reached an equilibrium temperature with the liquid, jerk the ‘operating cord to close the chamber (or operate the remote closure mechanism). Retrieve the fushing-case ‘assembly with the trapped oll sample and read the thermomoter without delay while protecting it from any adverse effects of the weather (e.g. by not withdrawing it above the edge of the gauge-haich). Read the temperature to the nearest one-haif of the smallest scale graduation of the thermometer, and record the reading together with the level at which the sample was taken, 4) Repeat steps a) to ¢) at the next lower level selected in accordance with Table 2. €) Calculate the average of all the temperatures obtained (in accordance with the guidance given in 18.4.3 to 15.4.5), rounded off to the nearest 0,1 °C. This average shall be taken as the moan temperature of the tank contents. (180 2000 ~ Al rights rosorvod 25~ PETRORECONCAVO S.A 03:342,704/0001-39 (Pedi40.561724 Impresso: 29/10/2015) Exemplar 1S0 4268:2000(E) NOTE2 Aftor uso In erudo oF fuo! oll, the thermometer and case should be cleaned with kerosine or gas el and driod with ‘a clath to provont tho formation of an inoulating film of heavy cil 17.3.4 Sampling-bottle method ‘The recommended procedure for taking the temperature of tank samples is as follows. a) Place a glass sample bottle in 2 weighted sampling cage and close the mechanism to prevent any premature inflow of ol into the bottle, NOTE 1 The use of glass samplo bottos Is rocommondied in praference to metal sample cans because glass provides bottor insulating proparties and metal cans may deform under the hydrostatic prossuro of the tank contonts, 'b) Lower the bottlo and cage to the first required level (see Table 2), ©) Allow the sample bottie to remain at this level for at least 2 min (and preferably 3 min) while gently raising and lowering it through a distance of about + 0,3 m to assist the equilibration of temperatures. 4d) Then jerk the cord (or operate the appropriate mechanism) to open the neck of the bottle and collect an oil sample in the pre-equiliorated bottle. 2) Allow time for the bottle to fill and thon raise the bottle to the top of the tank. 1) Insert a liquis-n-glass thermometer into the sample and stir gently until temperature equilibrium is atti e. the temperature remains constant (to within one-half of the smallest scale increment) for 20. It is important that the sample bottle is held inside the bedy of the gauge-hatch (or otherwise protected) before and uring the reading ofthe thermometer, in order to shield it from any adverse effects of the weather, NOTE2 A shorter 20's equibrium timo is specified in this case because of tho risk that tho measurement may be affectod by tho local ambient temperature conditions. Whore tomperature maasurements are made in-situ (so that they ara rat affected by tho concitions at the gauging access point), a 30 ¢ oqullbrium tima is specifi (cee 7.5) 9) Once the thermometer has reached the equilibrium temperature of the oll sample, take the reading to the Nearest one-half of the smallest scale graduation of the thermometer, Record the reading together with the level at which the sample was taken. h) Repeat steps a) to g) at the next selected lower level (see Table 2), |) Calculate the average of all the temperatures obtained (in accordance with the guidance given in 15.4.3 to 15.4.5), rounded off to the nearast 0,1 °C, This average shall be taken as the mean temperature of the tank contents. 17.4 Vortical cylindrical fixed-roof tanks 17.4.1 Temperature determination shall be made using one of the procedures described in 17.3. The number and location of temperature readings depend on the liquid level in the tank and the minimum recommended locations are specified in Table 2. NOTE 1__Incortain conditions, nowever, it's desirabio to improve the accuracy of the final mean temperature obtained for the Contents of the tank, by obtaining temperature readings from moro than one gauge-hatch, Such conditions may arise: 2) when opposite cides of tho tank aro expesad to very foront woathor concitions (e.g. wind or direct sunshine); 1) immediately atter pumping a substantial quantty of oll at ene temperature into a tank which already contains cil at a considerably diferent temperaturo: ©) generally, when there Is any reason to suspect appreciable stratifeation, layering or simlar regular temperature variation In the tank contents, 26 (© 150 2000 -AltrightsresorvedExemplar para uso exclusivo - PETRORECONCAVO S.A 03.342,704/0001-30 (Pedido 561724 Impresso: 29/10/2015) ISO 4268:2000(E) 17.4.2 The possibilty of doaling adequately with the above conditions, and the procedure to be adopted, depend ‘on whether the tank is fitted with more than one gauge-hatch, and if so, on the disposition of the hatches. The normal arrangements are '3) ono hatch only, or b) one central hatch plus several peripheral hatches. 17.43 The mean temperatures shall be calculated as described in 17.4.3.1 and 17.4.3.2. 474.344 When using one hatch only the mean temperature atthe hatch rounded off to the nearest 0,1 °C shall be taken as the mean temperature of the whole tank contents, 17.4.3.2_ When using one central hatch plus several peripheral hatches, proceed as follows, ‘The arithmetic means of the average temperatures at the central hatch with each of the peripheral hatches in turn, shall first be computed without rounding-off. The mean temperature of the tank contents shall then be taken as the sum of these arithmetic means, divided by the number of means (i. by the number of pairs of gauge-hatches obtained by pairing the centre hatch with each peripheral hatch in turn); rounded off to the nearest 0,1 °C. 417.5 Floating-roof tanks 17.5.1 Use one of the procedures detailed in 17.3, and take measurements via a perforated stil-well if one is available. If the temperature is measured with a portable electronic thermometer, each reading shall be road and recorded to the nearest 0,1 °C. If the temperature is measured with a liquid-in-glass thermometer, it shall be read to the nearest one-half of the smallest scale graduation, 47.5.2 If there is no perforated stil-well, temperature readings shall be taken {rom a gauge-hatch adjacent to the position corresponding to the gauger's platform, manipulating the hatch cover end the thermometer from the Platform. NOTE Where a floating roof has bean subjected to strong sunlight, particulary if tho reat Is an older pan-type roof or a single- deck pontoon roof, the product in contact with tha underside of the roof can bocoma much hetiar than the main body of product in the tank, Therefore tho offoctive donsity ofthis uppar layor will bo loss than io indicated by the moan tomperature and the onsity at standard temperature of the tank contents. Any correction for roof displocemont calculated from thase latter figures will therefore be in error. In consequence, for tho purpose of calculating roof-displacement corrections, the darsity ofthe product taken shall be that corrected to the temperature of tne ayor of liquc immediately under the roof and in which tho roo! feats. For this reason, tho tomporatura of this upper layer shall be recorded by the gaugor wherever roof displacements are raquired to bo calculated, 17.6 Horizontal and inclined cylindrical tanks The procedure for these tanks fitted with only one gauge-hatch is precisely a¢ laid down in 16. I the temperature is measured with a portable electronic thermometer, each reading shall be taken and recorded to the nearest 0,1 °C. If the temperature is measured with a liquid-in-alass thermometer, it shall be read to the nearest one-half of the smallest scale graduation. The mean tank temperature shall be computed in all cages to the nearest otc. NOTE When there is reason to suspect a variation of temperature between the ends of tho tank and when suitable hatches are fitad, upper, middle and lower temperatures should be taken at each end of the tank, Tho avorace temperature at each end Of the tank should be calculated as in 15.4.4, and tho moan tamperature of the tank should be taken as tho arithmetic mean (rounded off to the nearest 0, °C) of tha two avorage temperatures so abtsined, 17.7 Rail wagons and road vehicles carrying tanks In gauging vehicles having only a single compartment, subject to mutual agreement between parties, a single measurement at the middle location (ie. the level corresponding to one-half of the contained volume) is normally adequate. If the temperature is measured with a portable electronic thermometer, it shall be read and recorded to (© 1SO 2000 — Al rights resorved 27Exemplar para uso exclusivo- PETRORECONCAVO S.A- 03:342:704/0001-30 (Pedido 561728 Ingrosso: 29/10/2018) the nearest 0,1 °C. Ifthe tomperature is measured with a liquid-in-glass thermometer, it shall be read to the nearest ‘one-half of the smallest scale graduation subject to mutual agreement of all interested parties. Subject to the mutual agreement between the parties, this temperature may generally be regarded as the mean temperature of the contents of the compartment. If the vehicle is portioned into a number of compartments, a measurement shall be made (and recorded as described above) at the middle location within each compartment, Where compartments contain the same grade of pproduet, an overall average temperature may be calculated using the volume-weighting method. The average temperature of the contents of each compartment shall be multiplied by the volume it contains, these values should ‘bo added togethor and tha sum divided by the total volume. The resulting volume-weighted average should be rounded to the nearest 0,7 °C. 17.8 Ship and barge cargo tanks Temperature measurements shall be made at the upper, middle and lower positions corresponding to five-sixths, one-half and one-sixth of the oil depth. If the depth of the oil is lass than 4.5m, the number of temperature measuroments may be reducod in accordance with Table 2. Ifthe temperature is measured with a portable electronic thermometer, each reading shall be read and recorded to the nearest 0,1 °C. If the temperature is measured with a liquid-in-glass thermometer, it shall be read to the nearest ‘one-half of the smallest scale gradustion. Subject to mutual agreement between parties, the arithmetic average of the temperatures at the upper, middle and lower locations may generally be regarded as the mean temperature of the contents of a cargo tank on board a ship or barge, 18 Liquids in non-pressurized non-insulated tanks at temperatures than 15 °C from ambient iffering by more 18.1 Introduction ‘The procedures in 18.2, 18.3 and 18.4 are applicable to the measurement of the temperature of aliquid petroleum products in non-pressurized non-insulated storage tanks when the oll and ambient temperatures differ by more than 15°C, 18.2 General principle When the oil and ambient temperatures vary by more than 15°C, it may be necessary to take temperature measurements ot more lecations than the minimum numbar specified in Table 2, in order to obisin a representative average temperature. For this reason, it is preferable to use portable electronic thermometer for measuring temperatures. NOTE If 2 PET Is not avellablo, the othor mothods dotalid In this Intemational Standard may ba used, but the time required to make the measurements may be prohibtve. In euch clreumstancos, concidaration should be givan to the Installation of a fixed averaging tank thermometer systom in accordanco with ISO 4266, Wheraver possible, a portable electronic thermometer should be used to check for stratifcation and make extra measurements at intormadiato locations as described In 7.5.6 h) andlor 17.4.3, Practical time constraints may make it difficult to determine a representative average temperature of tho tank Contents within heated tankage when it is necessary to use one of tho sampling mothods ootalled in 17.3.2, 17.3.3 of 17.3.4 Even when heating colis nave been on for a sufficient tie for the tank contonts to attain a ‘stoady tomporature, some difficulty may be experienced in obtaining accurate temperatures, due to convection currents within the ol, Experience indicates that the most reliable temperatures are obtained whon those convection affects are at a minimum, and this usually takes place atter the heating colls have been tured off for between 2h and 8h, Howover, if tho calls have boon aif for longer neriads, reversa- direction convection currents may become significant. Clulation of the tank contonts, mixing with intarnal tank mixers, andlor {rach application of heat may holp to evarcome the difficulty, but in the later caso it Is Important to allow suficiont time fer the tank contents to reach a new steady temperature and forthe heat to bo turnod off again bofore attompting to make temperature ‘measurements, It's impossible o give generic guidance on recommended timo intorvals, as hoating and cooling ratos of tanks ‘will Cepend on the size ang shape of the tank, heating arrangomonts, atmesphoric conditions, for example, 28 (2150 2000 — Al rights rasonvod~ PETRORECONCAVO S.A - 03 342.704/0091-30 (Pedido 561724 Impresso: 29/10/2015) Exemplar para uso ext ISO 4268:2000(E) In no circumstances shall temperature readings be made from within 300 mm of heating ceils. 418.3 Equipment 18.3.1 Unheated and heated non-insulated tanks containing products other than bitumen ‘Temperature is normally determined using a portable electronic thermometer, When a PET is not available, one of, the tank sampling methods described in 17.3.2, 17.3.3 oF 17.3.4 shall be used with extended equllibration/Mushing times as necessary (see 18.4). 18.3.2 Tanks containing heated bitumen Bitumen tanks are normally fitted with permanently installed tomporaturo-measuring equipment, as the taking of temperature by manual methods is usually impracticable, If permanently installed equioment is used, its installation shall follow the appropriate recommendations in 180 42686. 18.4 Measurement procedure 18.4.1 Portable oloctronic thermometer Dopending on the depth of liquid within the tank, select the minimum number of measurement positions required by referring to Teble 2. Earth the PET and proceed as described in 7.5.6. 18.4.2 Gup-case thermometer ‘The principles laid down in 17.8.2 shall be followed when using a cup case thermometer, but the cup-case ‘assembly shall be glven a minimum of two preliminary immersions, (emptying the cup after each immersion) before taking the sample where the temperature is read and recorded. This procedure is designed to assist the equilibration of the cup-case assembly (from ambient to tank temperature) prior to taking each temperature measurement. NOTE After use in highly viscous oils the cup case should be thoroughly rinsed with korosino of gas oll to prevent the formation of an insulating depesit. 18.4.3 Flushing-caso thermometer ‘The principles laid down in 17.3.3 shall be followed, but the flushing caso shall bo given at least two preliminary rinses with the oil being sampled. When itis used in viscous oils heated fo above 60°C, the subsequent flushing time shall be increased to 5 min to ensure adequate equilibration of the apparatus with the tank contents. NOTE 1 When usod in viscous olls, some adjustment ofthe tonsion of the spring operating the closure of the chamber may bbe required. If the adjustment is too sensitive. the chamber may close pramaturaly when the device ponotratos tha all surace, Alternatively, ifthe tension is ineroasad too much the operator moy find i dificult t9 give a suffelently sharp jak to tho operating ‘cord and to fool whon tho chamibor elescs, NOTE2 After use in viscous ols, the flushing case should be thoroughly rinsed with Korosine or gas oll, paying particular attention to the sheath round the thermometer, and thon drained, 18.4.4 Sampling-bottle method ‘The principles given in 17.3.4 shall be followed, but the bottle and cage should be equilibrated at each sampling location (by gently raising and lowering the cage through about 0,3 m) for 5 min prior to opening the bottle to collect the sample, ©1S0 2000 Al righ reserved 23Exemplar pata uso exclusive - PETRORECONCAVO SA - 03.342,704/0001-30 (Pedido 561724 Impresso: 29/10/2015) ISO 4268:2000(E) 19 Procedures for the verification of permanently installed tank thermometers 19.4 Introduction ‘The following procedures shall be used when measurements from a permanently installed tank thermometer system are to be verified against manual reference measurements, These procedures are equally applicable to the verification of single-point spot thermometers (os described in clauses 12 and 13) and automatic averaging tank thermometer (ATT) systems (as described in ISO 4266), 19.2 Specification of reference thermometer ‘APET that complies with the specification detailed in clause 7 shall be used. The resolution of measurement shall be 0,1 °C (or better). The PET shall have been recently calibrated against a traceable laboratory standard with a tesolution of 0,02 °C (or better). The uncertainty of measurement with the PET shall not exceed 0,1 °C at any point over its anticipated working range (after application of calibration corrections if appropriate). ‘The calibration certificate shall detail the traceabilly of the calibration to a national standard, 19.3 Verification procedure for vertical cylindrical tanks 19.3.1 Select the most suitable tank-temperature-measurement access point that will permit the taking of ‘measurements from locations that are not closer than 500 mm to the tank wall (shell) NOTE The chosen access point should also enable reference measuromonts to be teken at the same vertical height and ‘within 1 m horizontal distance ofthe senseribulb of any permanently installed singlo-point spot thormemoter. 19.3.2 Determine the level of product within the tank (see ISO 4512 or ISO 4266). if the tank also contains a separate bottom layer of free water andlor sediment, determine the level of the interface between the product and the bottom layer (see ISO 4512). If the measurements of level are based on dip (innage) measurements, convert them to the equivalent ullage (outage) distances by subtracting the dip values from the tank reference height, 19.3.3. Determine the total height of product within the tank (by subtracting the product ullage from the ullage that is equivalent to the intorface lovel). 19.3.4 Divide the total height of product by 10, and calculate the distances that correspond to 1/10, 3/10, 5/10, 7/10 and 9/10 of the total product height. Calculate the equivalent ullage distances for each of these five locations by adding the distances to the preduet ullage measurement. 19.3.5 Lower the PET sensor to the uppermost location (from 19.3.4). Gently raise and lower the sensor through approximataly + 0,3 m until the reading is steady for 30 s. Record the temperature and the ullage distance of the measurement location, 19.3.6 Lower the PET sensor to the next position and repeat the measurement procedure until temperature readings have been obtained at all five locations. Aply any necessary calibration corrections (from the PET calibration certificate), 49.3.7 Provided that the range of the five individual spot reference temperature readings (ie, the alference between the highest and lowest readings) does not exceed 1,0 °C, calculate the overall average temperature of the tank contents as the arithmetic mean of the five reference readings rounded to tha nearest 0,1°C. If the range of the five individual spot reference temperature readings does exceed 1,0 °C, the oll is stratified within the tank and additional measurements shail be taken, Calculate the ullage distances that correspond to 1/20, 3/20, 5/20, 7120, 9/20, 11/20, 13/20, 15/20, 17/20 and 19/20 of the total product height and make roference measurements with the PET at each of these locations, Calculate the overall average temperature of the tank contents as the arithmetic mean of these 10 reference readings rounded to the nearest 0,1 °C. 30 12180 2000 Al righ resarvedvo- PETRORECONCAVO S.A-03:342.70#/0001-30 (Pedido 564724 Impresso: 20/1072015) Exemplar para uso exclu ISO 4268:2000(E) 19.2.8 If the PET is used to verify the reading of a fixed installation averaging thermometer, compare the overall average reference temperature (from 19.3.7) with the reading obtained from the averaging tank thermometer, and record the magnitude and sign of any offset correction that is to be applied to the ATT reading, If the PET is used to verify the roading of one or more fixed instalation spet thermometar(s), compare the overall ‘average reference temperature (from 18,3,7) with the reading(s) obtained from the spot tank thermometer(s), and ‘assess the acceptability of using single-point spot thermometer(s) as described in clause 20, Additional comparisons(s) shall also be made by making a measurement with the reference PET sensor immersed to the same depth as (and positioned as close as possible to) each permanently installed spot thermometer. Provided that it has already been demonstrated that the range of reference measuromonts docs not excaed 7,0°C, the ‘magnitude and sign of any offset correction shall be noted for each spot tank thermometer. 19.4 Verification procedure for other tanks with non-uniform vertical cross-sectional area Determine the level of product within the tank and, by reference to the tank calibration table, determine the ullage levels within the tank contents that correspond to 1/10, 3/10, 5/10, 7/10 and 9/10 cf the total product volume. Then follow the general procedure detailed in 19.3, but make the reference measurement at equispaced volumetric locations. If these measurements indicate the presence of stratification within the tank contents, take a new set of reference measurements at equispaced 1/20 volumetric locations, 20 Procedures for using a permanently installed spot thermometer 20.1 Introduction Subclauses 20.2 to 20.5 detail the circumstances in which it mey be acceptable to take measurements from permanently installed manual spot thermometers of the types described in clause 12. NOTE This type of thormomotor should only be installed in tanks that are on single product duty, where it may reasonably be assumed that operational practices will prevent the layering or stratification of successive batches of what is nominally the same gualty product. Tank mixing er rocireulation facies will normaly bo roquirod te onsure that tho tank contents aro sulficontly oll mixed to enable representative temperature meesurement from a single-point spot thermometer, 20.2 Location of single-point spot thermometers Each thermometer shall be installed in a horizontal or slightly inclined thermo-well so that the sensing bulb or element is not less than 500 mm from the tank wall (shell) and not less than 1 m from the tank bottom. NOTE Whenever possiblo, the thormo-well should proferably extend for a minimum of 900 mm into the tank. 20.3 Specification of thermometers ‘Thermometers shall be of such a size that they may be read conveniently without having to partially remove them from the thermo-well. The resolution of measurement and calibration accuracy for custody-transfer measurement applications shall comply with the specification detailed in 8.2. 20.4 Verification of representivity of single-point spot thermometer measurements 204.1. Before single-point spot thermometers are used, tank-temperature profile tests shall be conducted to verily the absence of temperature stratification following the receipt of a typical import quantity under both typical winter and summer operating conditions. Reference measurements shall be made with a calibrated PET in accordance with the procedure detailed in 19.3 (er 18.4). If the range of the five equispacod reference measurements exceods 4,0°C, or the reading of the single-point spot thermometer differs from the average of the reference PET measurements by more than 0,5°C then the single-point spot thermometer is not suitable for custody-transfer measurements. 180 2000~ Al rights recerved 31Exemplar pare uso exclusiva - PETRORECONCAVO S.A -03.342.704/0001-39 (Pedido §5172$ kmaresso: 29/10/2015) 20.4.2 If it has been demonstrated that representative measurements can be obtained from 2 single-point spot thermometer, the profile tests described in 20.4.1 shall be repeated at intervals not exceeding 5 years or whenever the tank service changes (|e, whenever the grade of product stored is changed, or the supplier changes). NOTE {the tolerances detailed in 20.4.1 are oxcoodod at any imo than the single-point epet thormomator should net be usad for custody.transtor moasuromants. instead, multi-point meacuremants should be obtoined using a PET or enc ef the sampling ‘methods described in 7.6.6 and 17.3.2 to 17.3.4 respectively, 20.5 Procedure for using single-point spot thermometers Provided that tank-temperature profile tests have demonstrated the representativity of single-point spot measurements, a single reading may be read directly. The thermometer shall be read to the nearest one-half of the smallest scale graduation, NOTE An emergent-stem correction may bo applicable, see 8,3, pe (© 1S0 2000 ~ Al rights roservod(s1ozvovez ossoxttu p22198 oniped) 0€-L0001801'2¥E'€0 W'S OAVONGIAYOMLAd - ONSN/PKe OsN Bied Je,CUIK:2000(E) ISO 4268: ICS 75.180.30 Price based on 32 papas. (giozr01/62 :essoruy y22199 op:Pod) o8-LoD/FOL Zhe £0 -W'S OAVONOOTUOYLAd -oHtsn}pKe Osn eed sejdwsO%g © 150 2000 al rights reserved