Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
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The program is currently managed by a Board, which is composed of professors from Dipartimento
Energia as follows
Pietro Asinari
Marco Badami
Gianni Coppa
Vincenzo Corrado
Mario De Salve
Alessandro Ferrari
Pierluigi Leone
Federico Millo
Antonio Mittica
Marco Perino
Piero Ravetto
Massimo Rundo
Massimo Santarelli
Laura Savoldi
Ezio Spessa
Vittorio Verda
Roberto Zanino (coordinator)
For additional information please contact roberto.zanino@polito.it (+39 011 090 4490)
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D. DRAGO: "Design, development and testing of SOFC short-stacks with special heat
pipes plates integrated with H2 sources".......................................................................
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M. GANDIGLIO: "Design, optimization and implementation of novel SOFC multigeneration power plants fed by various fuels with carbon capture sequestration or
utilization".............................................................
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G. KAZAS: "Energy Supply and Demand Management through Energy Storage and
Demand Side Management"..........................................................................................
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P. PIZZO: "Development of innovative diagnostic tools for fuel injection systems (FIS)
and design of new measurement devices for hydraulic test benches"...........................
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F. SABA: "Towards the development of a National Standard for Thermal Energy and
its application to smart heat meter calibration"...............................................................
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A. ZELEKE: Path ways to renewable natural gases: integrated system power to gas
(SNG) with biogas upgrade ......................................................................
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Academic context
[1] Ye , Sh., Yap, Y. H., Kolaczkowski, S. T., Robinson, K. et al., Catalyst light-off experiments on a diesel
oxidation catalyst connected to a diesel engineMethodology and techniques, Chemical Engineering
Research and Design, Volume 90, Issue 6, June 2012, Pages 834-845, ISSN 0263-8762
[2] Andersson, J., Antonsson, M., Eurenius, L., Olsson, E., Skoglundh, M., Deactivation of diesel oxidation
catalysts: Vehicle- and synthetic aging correlations, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Volume 72, Issues
12, 8 March 2007, Pages 71-81, ISSN 0926-3373.
[3] P. Recker e S. Pischinger, Thermal Shock Protection for Diesel Particulate Filters, n. 2011-01-2429,
2011.
External collaborations
8|Page
Academic context
[1] PAPAGEORGIOU, Markos; BLOSSEVILLE, Jean-Marc; HADJ-SALEM, Habib. Macroscopic modelling of
traffic flow on the Boulevard Priphrique in Paris. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 1989,
23.1: 29-47.
[2] VAN DEN BERG, Monique, et al. Model predictive control for mixed urban and freeway networks. In:
Proceedings of the 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. 2004
[3] ZEGEYE, S. K., et al. Integrated macroscopic traffic flow, emission, and fuel consumption model for
control purposes. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2013, 31: 158-171.
External collaborations
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Tutor(s): S. P. Corgnati
Academic context
[1] Buso T., Corgnati S.P., Derjanecz A. , Kurnitski J. , Litiu A., The EU focus on nearly zero energy hotels,
REHVA Journal 1, January 2014, 7-11.
[2] Kurnitski J., Buso T., Corgnati S.P., Derjanecz A. , Litiu A., nZEB definitions in Europe, REHVA Journal 2,
March 2014, 6-9.
[3] Buso T., Corgnati S.P., Kurnitski J., An existing best practice of nearly Zero Energy Hotel, REHVA
Journal 3, May 2014, 61-65.
External collaborations
10 | P a g e
Topic: Daylighting design for energy saving in a building global energy simulation context
Course year: 4th
Academic context
[1] Chan Y.C., & Tzempelikos A. (2013). Efficient venetian blind control strategies considering daylight
utilization and glare protection. Solar Energy, 98, 241-254. doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2013.10.005
[2] Didon, E. l., & Pereira, F.O.R. (2011, November). Integrated computer simulation for considering
th
daylight when assessing energy efficiency in buildings. Paper presented at the 12 Conference of
International Building Performance Simulation Association, Sydney, Australia.
[3] IES Daylight Metrics Committee (2012). IES Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA) and Annual Sunlight
Exposure (ASE) (Report No. LM-83-12). Retrieved from IESNA website: http://www.ies.org
External collaborations
Bartenbach LichtLabor, Research&Development team, Aldrans/Tyrol, Innsbruck (AUT).
References: Wilfried Pohl (wilfried.pohl@bartenbach.com)
Robert Weitlaner (robert.weitlaner@bartembach.com)
David Geisler-Moroder (david.geisler-moroder@bartenbach.com)
11 | P a g e
Topic: Thermal-hydraulic of steam generators and of safety systems for advanced nuclear
reactors
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] Brent J. Webb, Design aspects of Once-through Helical coil steam generators, Proc. of the ASME
2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium, September 28-30 2011, Washington DC, USA.
[2] IAEA-TECDOC-1569, Liquid metal cooled reactors: experience in Design and Operation, Vienna 2007
[3] L. Damiani, M. Montecucco, A. P. Prato, Conceptual design of a bayonet-tube steam generator for the
ALFRED lead-cooled reactor, Nucear engineering and design 265, 154-163.
External collaborations
Ansaldo Nucleare
SIET
POLIMI
Comparative analysis of nonconventional steam generators and heat exchangers (helical coil and
microchannel), and ultimate heat sinks (pools, air heat exchangers) for decay heat removal systems of
large integral water reactors. Numerical simulation of accidental sequences (System black out, System
2
black out+Pump shutdown) with reference to the American project I S.
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Academic context
[1] A. Moradi et al., Carbon-Nanohorn Based Nanofluids for a Direct Absortion Solar Collector for Civil
application, J. Nanosci Nanotechnol 15, 3488-3495 (2015)
[2] Gizzatov a. et al., Hierarchically Structured Magnetic Nanoconstructs with Enhanced Relaxivity and
Cooperative Tumor Accumulation, Adv Funct Mat 24, 4584 (2014)
[3] Chiavazzo E., Fasano M., Asinari P. and Decuzzi P., Scaling Behavior for the Water Transport in
Nanoconfined Geometries, Nature Communications 5, 4565 (2014)
External collaborations
13 | P a g e
Topic: Artificial Neural Network modeling of heat transfer problems at the interface
between different subsystems of a superconducting tokamak
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] L. Savoldi Richard, F. Casella, B. Fiori, R. Zanino, The 4C Code for the Cryogenic Circuit Conductor and
Coil modeling in ITER, Cryogenics, vol. 50, pp. 167-176, 2010.
[2] L. Savoldi Richard, R. Bonifetto, S. Carli, M. Grand Blanc, R. Zanino, Modeling of pulsed heat load in a
cryogenic SHe loop using Artificial Neural Networks, Cryogenics, vol. 57, pp. 173-180, 2013.
[3] L. Savoldi Richard, R. Bonifetto, S. Carli, A. Froio, A. Foussat, R. Zanino, Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
modeling of the pulsed heat load during ITER CS magnet operation, Cryogenics, vol. 63, pp. 231-240, 2014.
External collaborations
EUROFUSION
ITER
14 | P a g e
Academic context
[1] Bonifetto, R., Dulla, S., Ravetto, P., Savoldi Richard, L., Zanino, R. A full-core coupled neutronic/thermalhydraulic code for the modeling of lead-cooled nuclear fast reactors. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 261,
85-94 (2013).
[2] Lawrence, R. D. Progress in nodal methods for the solution of the neutron diffusion and transport
equations. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 17, 271-301 (1986).
[3] Dulla, S., Mund, E. H., Ravetto, P. The quasi-static method revisited. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 50,
908-920 (2008).
External collaborations
ENEA Bologna
IAEA
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Tutor(s): M. Perino
Academic context
[1] Van der Aa A., Heiselberg P., Perino M., 2011. Designing with Responsive Building Elements. Report of
IEA-ECBCS Annex 44.
[2] Attia S., Hamdy M., OBrien W., Carlucci S., 2013. Assessing gaps and needs for integrating building
performance optimization tools in net zero energy buildings design. Energy and Buildings 60, 110-124.
[3] Deng S., Wang R.Z., Dai Y.J., 2014. How to evaluate performance of net zero energy building A
literature research. Energy 71, 1-16.
External collaborations
--
Fig. 1 - Box plot representation to investigate the statistical variation of the values assumed by
significant input variables in all the non-dominated solutions. Variables with a very low spread represent
those inputs for which there is a low degree of freedom in the selection of their value (e.g. Window-toWall Ratio (WWR)) 2D Pareto-front (cooling vs heating energy need).
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Tutor(s): A. Poggio
Academic context
[1] R, Ursone, P.G. Terzuolo, M. Quirino (2009). Uso del legno per il riscaldamento domestico. Sherwood
n153 pag. 33-39
[2] G. V. Fracastoro, M. Serraino (2011). A methodology for assessing the energy performance of large scale
building stocks and possible applications. Energy and Buildings 43 (2011) pag. 844-852.
[3] A. Bosner, T. Porinsky, I. Stankic (2012). Forestry and Life Cycle Assessment, GlobalPerspectives on
Sustainable Forest Management, Dr. Dr. Clement A. Okia (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0569-5, InTech.
External collaborations
17 | P a g e
Topic: Optimal design and operation of energy systems through reduced order modelling
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] Lassila T., Manzoni A., Quarteroni A., Rozza, G. Model order reduction in fluid dynamics: challenges and
perspectives, http://mox.polimi.it/it/progetti/pubblicazioni/quaderni/29-2013.pdf, Politecnico di Milano.
[2] Bejan, A. Entropy Generation through Heat and Fluid Flow, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994.
[3] Xu J., Wang R. Z., Li Y., A review of available technologies for seasonal thermal energy storage, Solar
Energy 103 (2014), 610638.
External collaborations
GEOenergia S.r.l.
J V V A FIRE & RISK-
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Topic: Analysis of the impact of innovative powertrain technologies on CO2 and pollutant
emissions under real world driving conditions
Course year: 1st
Tutor(s): F. Millo
Academic context
[1] Millo F., Rolando L., Andreata M., Numerical Analysis - Theory and Application, Awrejcewicz J., InTech
(HRV), pp. 22, 2011
[2] Fontanaras, G., Dilara, P., The evolution of European passenger car characteristics 20002010 and its
effects on real-world CO2 emissions and CO2 reduction policy, Energy Policy, Volume 49, pp. 719730,
2012
[3] Millo, F., Rolando, L., Fuso, R., Mallamo, F., Real CO2 emissions benefits and end user's operating costs
of a plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, APPLIED ENERGY, vol. 114, pp. 563-571, 2014
External collaborations
19 | P a g e
Topic: Design, development and testing of SOFC short-stacks with special heat pipes
plates integrated with H2 sources
Course year: 2nd
Tutor(s): M. Santarelli
Academic context
[1] Firat E., Bandlamudi G., Beckhaus P., Heinzel A., Heat Pipe Assisted Thermal Management of a HT
PEMFC Stack, Proceedings of the 2012 COMSOL Conference in Milan.
[2] Smeacetto F., Salvo M., Ferraris M., Cho J., Boccaccini A.R., Glass-ceramic seal to join Crofer 22 APU
alloy to YSZ ceramic in planar SOFCs, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 28 (2008), 61 68.
[3] Ene.field residential fuel cell micro-CHP trial begins in Europe, Fuel Cells Bulletin, Volume 2012 (2012),
page 4.
External collaborations
FN Spa
CNRS - CRETA
DATE SA
Figure. At the left it is shown a view of the entire system ENERGY-BOX; at the right a thermal model of a
possible configuration of the SOFC stack integrated with a heat pipes plate.
Concerning the system analysis of microCHP FC-based systems (performed in the framework of the EU
project Ene.field), the efforts have been concentrated on the study of the existing method, established by the
European Union, for the calculation of the seasonal space heating energy efficiency for heating devices.
This parameter is fundamental because it determines the label that will characterize each heating device at
the market level. The main issue raised by the manufacturers of microCHP devices is that this methodology
highly penalizes these devices in comparison to other heating devices such as heat pumps. A report on the
analysis of this methodology has been produced for Ene.field and its Coordinator (COGEN EU).
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Academic context
[1] E. Chiavazzo, M. Fasano et al., Nature Commun. 5, 3565 (2014)
[2] M. Fasano, M.B. Bigdeli et al., Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 41, 1028 (2015)
[3] T. Humplik, R.Raj et al., Langmuir 30, 6446 (2014)
External collaborations
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Tutor(s): M. Santarelli
Academic context
[1] C. Graves et al., Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO 2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear
energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 15 (1), 2011, pp. 123.
[2] H. Zhu et al., Modeling Elementary Heterogeneous Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Solid-Oxide Fuel
Cells, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Volume 152 (12), 2005, pp. A2427-A2440.
[3] Q. Cai et al., Optimal control strategies for hydrogen production when coupling solid oxide electrolysers
with intermittent renewable energies, Journal of Power Sources, 2014, Volume 268, pp. 212-224.
External collaborations
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Academic context
[1] Mueller, Norbert, et al. "Next Generation Engine Start/Stop Systems:FreeWheeling." SAE International
Journal of Engines 4.1 (2011): 874-887.
[2] Al Dunn, Ashley L., et al. "Vehicle Coast Analysis: Typical SUV Characteristics." SAE International
Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems 1.1 (2009): 526-535.
[3] Heinzmann, Bernd, et al. "Start/Stop Strategies for Two-Wheelers in the Emerging Markets." SAE
International Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems 6.3 (2013): 1595-1604.
External collaborations
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Tutor(s): M. Santarelli
Academic context
[1] A. Trendewicz, R.J. Braun, Techno-economic analysis of solid oxide fuel cell-based combined heat and
power systems for biogas utilization at wastewater treatment facilities, 2013, Journal of Power Sources 233.
[2] P. Margalef, T. Brown, J. Brouwer, S. Samuelsen, Conceptual design and configuration performance
analyses of polygenerating high temperature fuel cells, 2011, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 36.
[3] M. Gandiglio, A. Lanzini, M. Santarelli, P. Leone, Design and Balance-of-Plant of a Demonstration Plant
With a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Fed by Biogas From Waste-Water and Exhaust Carbon Recycling for Algae
Growth, 2014, J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol.
External collaborations
Jan Van Herle and Franois Marchal - EPFL, cole polytechnique fdrale de Lausanne
Jack Brouwer - Advanced Power and Energy Program (APEP) at the University of California, Irvine.
Joaquim Torres - MATGAS 2000, AIE, Barcelona, Spain.
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Topic: Modeling strategies toward multiple scenario applications and fast simulations;
application for fire safety and energy engineering
Course year: 2st
Academic context
[1] Biaecki RA., Kassab AJ, Fic A. (2005). Proper orthogonal decomposition and modal analysis for
acceleration of transient FEM thermal analysis. International journal for numerical methods in engineering
62,774797
[2] Sullivan A L (2009) Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 19902007.1 Physical and quasi-physical
models. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18(4) 349368
[3] Balbi J, Santoni P, Dupuy J (1999). Dynamic modelling of fire spread across a fuel bed. International
Journal of Wildland Fire 9(4), 275284.
External collaborations
25 | P a g e
Academic context
[1] Zucca, M. and Bottauscio, O., Hysteretic Modeling of Electrical Micro-Power Generators Based on Villari
External collaborations
26 | P a g e
Topic: Development of methods for the determination of reactivity from flux measurements
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] S. DULLA, M. NERVO, and P. RAVETTO, A method for on-line reactivity monitoring in nuclear reactors,
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 65, 433 440 (2014).
[2] S. DULLA, M. NERVO, and P. RAVETTO, A method for reactivity monitoring in subcritical source-driven
systems, Proceedings of the International Conference PHYSOR 2014, Kyoto, Japan (2014).
[3] D. CARON, S. DULLA, M. NERVO, P. RAVETTO, and M. CARTA, Assessment of an on-line reactivity
monitoring technique, Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 111, 1185-1187, Anaheim, CA (2014).
External collaborations
IAEA
KUCA
27 | P a g e
Topic: Model-based control approaches for charging and combustion processes in NGNG/H2 powered engines
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] Chapman K.S., Patil A., Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions Characterization of Reciprocating
Internal Combustion Engines Fuelled with Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends, Final Technical Report, March,
2008, DOE Award DE-FC26-04NT42234
[2] Boulouchos K., Dimopoulos P., Hotz R., Rechsteiner C., Soltic P., Combustion Characteristics of
Hydrogen-Natural Gas Mixtures in Passenger Car Engines, SAE paper 2007-24-0065
[3] Baratta M., D'Ambrosio S., Misul D., Spessa E. (2014) Effects of H2 addition to compressed natural gas
blends on cycle-to-cycle and cylinder-to-cylinder combustion variation in a spark-ignition engine, Journal of
Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, vol. 136, 051502-1-051502-12. - ISSN 0742-4795
External collaborations
RMSE=91 s
RMSE=62 s
RMSE=100 s
4
2
0
G20
G25
HCNG30
28 | P a g e
Tutor(s): M. C. Masoero
Academic context
[1] M. Lauster, J. Teichmann, M- Fuchs, R. Streblow, D. Muller, Low order thermal network models for
dynamic simulations of buildings on city district scale, Building and Environment 73 (2014) 223-231
[2] W. Kleiminger, S. Santini, F. Mattern, Simulating the energy savings potential in domestic heating
scenarios in Switzerland, Tech. rep, ETH Zurich, Dep. of Computer Science, July 2014
[3] B. Bueno, L. Norford, G. Pigeon, R. Britter, A Resistance-Capacitance network model for the analysis of
the interactions between the energy performance of buildings and the urban climate Building and
Environment 54 (2012) 116-125
External collaborations
29 | P a g e
Topic: Energy Supply and Demand Management through Energy Storage and Demand
Side Management
Course year: 1st
Tutor(s): M. Perino
Academic context
[1] Swan, L.G. & Ugursal, V.I., 2009. Modeling of end-use energy consumption in the residential sector: A
review of modeling techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(8), pp.18191835
[2] Kavgic, M. et al., 2010. A review of bottom-up building stock models for energy consumption in the
residential sector. Building and Environment, 45(7), pp.16831697
[3] Ren, Z., Paevere, P. & McNamara, C., 2012. A local-community-level, physically-based model of end-use
energy consumption by Australian housing stock. Energy Policy, 49, pp.586596
External collaborations
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Academic context
[1] Misul.D , Baratta.M, Kheshtinejad.H; Fluid-dynamic Modeling and Advanced Control Strategies for a
Gaseous-Fuel Injection System, SAE 2014 World Congress and Exhibition; Detroit, MI; United States; 8
April 2014 through 10 April 2014; Code 104424.
[2] Baratta, M., Gazzilli, G., Gerini, A., Misul, D., Spessa, E., Fluid-Dynamic Characterization of a CNG
Injection System, Proceedings of the ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical
Conference ICES2012, May 6-9, 2012, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
[3] Middleton, A., Neumann, B., Khatri, D.S., Development of Dedicated CNG Engine with Multipoint Gas
Injection System, SAE Paper No. 2008-28-0014, 2008
External collaborations
31 | P a g e
Tutor(s): F. Millo
Academic context
[1] Millo, F., Rolando, L., Pautasso, E., Servetto, E.: A Methodology to Mimic Cycle to Cycle Variations and
to Predict Knock Occurrence through Numerical Simulation, SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-0070, 2014
[2] Fontanesi S., D'Adamo A., Paltrinieri S., Cantore G., Rutland C., Assessment of the Potential of Proper
Orthogonal Decomposition for the Analysis of Combustion CCV and Knock Tendency in a High Performance
Engine, SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0031, 2013
External collaborations
syed@gtisoft.com
enrico.pautasso@powertech-eng.com
Highlights of the research activity
Pressure
[bar]
Spark ignition engine downsizing, exploited in conjunction with turbocharging, is currently considered an
efficient method for reducing CO2 emissions and fuel consumption: however, the search for increasing boost
levels has led to a dramatic increase of the knock likelihood, often requiring spark timing retards, mixture
enrichment and/or compression ratio reductions which can jeopardize the expected CO2 emissions benefits.
Robust and reliable knock models are therefore needed to
support the design and calibration of modern downsized and
turbocharged SI engines.
However, 1D fluid-dynamics simulation codes are typically not
capable to catch Cycle-to-Cycle Variations (CCV) in combustion,
but try to replicate the average cycle only. Hence, an innovative
approach to CCV modeling in 1D simulation, capable to
reproduce the variability in combustion which is responsible for
knock occurrence is the target of this research.
The first step was focused on the calibration of a combustion
model in order to predict the burn rate and the in cylinder
pressure for the average cycle. Afterwards, the main causes of
CCV were investigated, and the flame kernel development phase
Crank Angle [bar]
was identified to be the most important. In order to consider the
variations of this phase from cycle to cycle, combustion model
Fig. 1. Cycle to cycle variation of inparameters were then randomly varied so to reproduce the same
cylinder pressure
level of CCV of experimental tests.
Future work will be devoted to further improve the CCV model, in order to allow it to predict, and not only to
mimic, the effects on the burn rate of different engine operating parameters such as exhaust gas residuals
concentration, turbulence intensity (especially as far as Miller cycle is concerned).
To this aim, 3D CFD simulations will be carried out, using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) since Reynolds
Average Navier Stokes (RANS) approaches are not capable of reproducing CCV. Due to the high
computational effort which will be required, a possible collaboration with the supercomputing center of
Argonne National Labs (ANL) is currently under discussion
The innovative contribution of this research is expected to be the development of suitable combustion
models capable of predicting CCV and knocking phenomena as a function of main engine operating
variables through phenomenological relationships.
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Academic context
[1] Ansari, S., Development of on-line reactivity meter for nuclear reactors. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear
Science 85, 1221 (1987).
[2] Carta, M., DAngelo, A., Subcriticality-level evaluation in accelerator-driven systems by harmonic
modulation of the external source, Nuclear Science and Engineering, 133, 282292 (1999).
[3] Bcares V. et al., Validation of ADS reactivity monitoring techniques in the Yalina-booster subcritical
assembly, Annals of Nuclear Energy, 53: pp. 331341 (2013).
External collaborations
ENEA Casaccia
IAEA
INFN
33 | P a g e
Tutor(s): A. Poggio
Academic context
[1] S.Quoilin, M. Van Den Broek, S. Declaye, P. Dewallef, V. Lemort, Techno-economic survey of Organic
Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2013), vol. 50, pp. 168-186
[2] G. Genon, M. Torchio, A. Poggio, M. Poggio. Energy and environmental assessment of small district
heating systems: Global and local effects in two case-studies. Energy Conversion and Management
(2009), vol. 50, pp. 522-529
[3] I. Vallios, T. Tsoutsos, G. Papadakis. Design of biomass district heating systems. Biomass & Bioenergy
(2009), vol. 33, pp. 659-678
External collaborations
34 | P a g e
Tutor(s): M. Santarelli
Academic context
[1] Christopher Graves, Sune D. Ebbesen, Mogens Mogensen, Klaus S. Lackner, Sustainable hydrocarbon
fuels by recycling CO2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, Volume 15, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 1-23, ISSN 1364-0321, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.014.
[2] E. D. Blandford, P. F. Peterson Nuclear Hydrogen Production Handbook, CRC Handbook, R. Hino and
X. L. Yan, eds., CRC Press, Inc., Taylor Francis Group.
[3] G. L. Hawkes, J.E. OBrien, C.M. Stoots, J.S. Herring, CFD model of a planar solid oxide electrolysis cell
for hydrogen production from Nuclear energy, The 11th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor
Thermal-Hydraulics (NURETH-11), Avignon, France, 2 6 October 2005
External collaborations
DTU Ris Campus research center (Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, DK).
Acacia Cleantech S.r.l. (Corso Castelfidardo 30/A, 10129 Torino, IT)
35 | P a g e
Topic: Model-based control approaches for injection and combustion processes in diesel
engines.
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] Hermann, O., Nagakawa, M., Kenhard, M., Schwab, H., Miyaki, M., Shinohara, Y., Takeuchi, K.,
Uchiyama, K., Ultra High Pressure and Enhanced Multiple Injection: Potentials for the Diesel Engine and
Challenge for the Fuel Injection System, Fuel Injection Systems for IC engines, IMECHE, 2012.
[2] Matsumoto, S., Yamada, K., Date, K., Concepts and Evolution of Injector for CR System, SAE Technical
Paper 2012-01-1753, 2012.
[3] Catania, A.E., Ferrari, A., Spessa, E., Numerical-Experimental Study and Solutions to Reduce Dwell
Time Threshold for Fusion Free Consecutive Injections in a Multijet Solenoid-Type C.R. System, ASME
Transactions, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2009; 131(3), p.022804-1.
External collaborations
ln / lref [-]
The injectors with the pressure balanced pilot-valves are characterized by a fast dynamic response of the
needle valve and by reduced leakages. These features allow a precise control of the small quantities to be
achieved and closely-coupled multiple injections, including
injection fusion phenomena, to be performed. The presence of
14
1.4
Solid line
Pressure balanced pilot-valve
fusion phenomena in pilot-main injections can be exploited to
Dashed
line
Standard
pilot-valve
12
1.2
perform boot-like injection strategies with solenoid injectors, in
Needle
lift
10
1.0
order to reduce combustion noise and NO x emissions. A 1D
Needle lift
Pilot-valve lift
model of the injection system equipped with pressure-balanced
0.8
Pilot-valve lift 8
pilot-valve solenoid injectors, has been developed and used to
6
0.6
carry out parametric studies concerning the optimization of some
4
0.4
key-geometrical features of the system, such as pump-integrated
0.2
2
orifice diameters, injector internal volumes and aspect-ratio of the
injector feeding pipes. Numerical simulation results, together with
0.0
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
data measured during tests led at the hydraulic test bench, have
t-t [ms]
highlighted that hydraulic transient phenomena and pressure
Figure 2. Injector needle and pilotwave dynamics should be taken into account for a proper design
valve lift: comparison of standard and
of the injection apparatus and an efficient engine mapping. Modal
pressure-balanced pilot-valve.
analysis of a Common Rail (CR) system equipped with solenoid
injectors, which feature pressure-balanced pilot-valves, have
been carried out. A zero-dimensional (0-D) model of the injection
apparatus has been developed and an integrated numerical-experimental approach has been carried out in
order to validate the model and deepen the cause-and-effect-relationships between the modal parameters of
the hydraulic system and its geometrical features. In particular, the eigenvalues of the 0-D model have been
compared with the main harmonic terms of the experimental pressure traces and 3 natural frequencies of the
CR system have been correctly reproduced. Furthermore, the modal shapes have been visualized by means
of the eigenvectors. The analysis of the vibrating modes of the system allows the most critical elements of
the hydraulic circuit and the causes of hydraulic resonance phenomena to be identified.
0
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Topic: Development of innovative diagnostic tools for fuel injection systems (FIS) and design of new
measurement devices for hydraulic test benches
Academic context
[1] Catania A.E., Ferrari A. Development and assessment of a new operating principle for the measurement
of unsteady flow rates in high-pressure pipelines. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Volume 20, Issue
6, December 2009, Pages 230-240.
[2] Kagawa, T., Lee,I.Y., Kitagawa, A., and Taakenaka, T., 1983, High speed and accurate computing
method of frequency-dependent friction in laminar pipe flo for characteristics methods, Trans. Jpn. Soc.
Mech. Eng., Ser. B 49(447), 2638-2644.
[3] Catania, A.E., Ferrari, A., 2011, Experimental Analysis, Modeling and Control of Volumetric Radial-Piston
Pumps, ASME Trans., Journal of Fluids Engineering, August 2011, Vol. 133, 1-11.
External collaborations
Rabotti s.r.l.
Kistler Italia s.r.l.
National Instrument Italy s.r.l.
The research activity carried out by Dr. Pizzo during the 2 year of his PhD course has been
focused on the development of the instantaneous
flowmeter for fluids in high-pressure pipelines named
FLOTEC. A first simplified numerical model for the
st
instrument had been developed during the 1 year of his
PhD course. That model had been used to evaluate the
flow-rate in a rail-to-injector pipeline on the basis of a
series of experimental tests carried out at the hydraulic
test-bench of the Energy department laboratory. The
flowmeter results have been compared to the numerical
flow-rate, which was evaluated by means of a developed
nd
1-D model of the injection system. During the 2 year,
the FLOTEC algorithm has been further enhanced by
introducing all the terms of the momentum equation (e.g.
steady-state and frequency-dependent friction). The
flowmeter has been installed at the delivery of a CR
pump in order to investigate the flow-rate ripple, the
effect of the fluid compressibility and the effect that the
pressure waves travelling in the pump-to-rail pipe have
on the delivered flow-rate. A first prototype of the
instrument has been manufactured by Rabotti s.r.l. and
has been presented at the AutoMechanika exhibition in
Frankfurt on September 2014. As further steps, a special
calibration of the pressure sensors will be performed in
order to improve the flowmeter accuracy and a Labview software tool will be developed to manage the data
acquisition and the flow-rate algorithm.
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Tutor(s): F. Millo
Academic context
[1] Mallamo, F., Millo, F., Rolando, L.: Model-based development and calibration of last generation diesel
powertrains for passenger cars, Int. J. Powertrains, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2014
[2] Casadei A.F., Huang, H.H., Brandao, F., Kasab, J.J., Thelen W.A., Brusstar M., Cherry, J., Chiu, A., Ellies,
B.D. and McDonald, J.: Complex systems method applied to identify carbon dioxide emission reductions for
light-duty vehicles for the 20202025 timeframe, SAE paper 2012-01-0360, 2012
[3] Rainer, G.: Powertrain development: simulation goes testing, SAE paper 2011-26-0072, 2012.
External collaborations
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Academic context
[1] Rieder A., Christidis A., Tsatsaronis G., Multi criteria dynamic design optimization of a small scale
distributed energy system, Energy, Volume 74, 1 September 2014, Pages 230239.
[2] Usn S., Valero A., Agudelo A., Thermoeconomics and Industrial Symbiosis. Effect of by-product
integration in cost assessment, Energy, Volume 45, Issue 1, September 2012, Pages 4351.
[3]( Manfren M., Sistemi ad alta efficienza per la generazione distribuita a scala urbana, PhD thesis,
Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italia, 2009.
External collaborations
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Topic: Towards the development of a National Standard for Thermal Energy and its
application to smart heat meter calibration
Course year: 2nd
Academic context
[1] R. C. Castro-Gomez, K. R. Hall, J. C. Holste, B. E. Gammon, K.N. Marsh, A thermoelectric flow enthalpyincrement calorimeter, J. Chem. Thermodynamics 1990, 22, 269-278
[2] W. Wagner, A. Pruss, The IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water
Substance for General and Scientific Use, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 31, 387-535 (2002)
[3] A. Merlone, F. Moro, S. Lago, P. A. Giuliano Albo, Design and Capabilities of a Custom-Made Thermostat
for a High-Accuracy Adiabatic Calorimeter, Int. J. Thermophysics 2011, 32, 471-480
External collaborations
The work Ive carried out during the 2 year of my PhD has been focused on the development of the INRIM
National Standard for Thermal Energy measurement. It will ensure the traceability for the quantity enthalpy
flow of single-phase liquid water and, as a long-term goal, it
could be extended to any single-phase fluids. The field of
application of the measurement standard for thermal energy
concerns the validation of heat meters, but it could also be
exploited, for instance, as an experimental facility for developing
and improving new or existing equations of state for fluids. The
main research activities Ive performed during this year are listed
below:
metrological characterization of innovative in-flow
calibration systems for the two temperature sensors of heat
meters; in this context, an experimental, statistical and
thermal-fluid-dynamic analysis of the temperature systems
has been carried out in order to find out the uncertainty
contributions due to the axial and radial temperature profile
The
INRIM
In-Flow
Temperature
inside the measurement branches;
Calibration System for heat meters
definition, set up and test on a commercial type heat meter,
of the static measurement method for the Thermal Energy
Standard; it consists on the weighing-timing of the mass of liquid which is associated with the
exchanged thermal energy to be measured and represents a new approach for validating heat meters
in the context of the reference National Metrological Institutes;
analysis of the feasibility and effectiveness of a flow calorimetric system for the direct measurement of
the enthalpy variation of single-phase fluids, in order to overcome the lack of accurate equations of
state for less known fluids and mixtures which heat meters are requested to work on; the use of a flow
calorimeter as part of a Thermal Energy Standard represents an innovation in this metrological field
and can lead to an improvement of the measurement uncertainty, since thermal energy can be
assessed as directly as possible, by measuring quantities like mass, electrical energy and density.
Development and experimental validation of a cost effective and innovative heat meter for measuring
the thermal output of water radiators; it is based on a simplified thermal-fluid-dynamic model, which
describes the heat transfer phenomenon between the heat conveying fluid and the radiator surface.
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Academic context
[1] J. Denecke, K. Dullenkopf, S. Wittig and H.-J. Bauer, Experimental Investigation Of The Total
Temperature Increase And Swirl Development In Rotating Labyrinth Seals Asme Turbo Expo 2005: Power
for Land, Sea and Air June 6-9, 2005, Reno-Tahoe, Nevada, USA
[2] K. Willenborg, V. Schramm, S. Kim and S. Wittig, Influence of a Honeycomb Facing on the Heat Transfer
in a Stepped Labyrinth Seal J. Eng.Gas Turbines Power 124(1), 133-139 (Feb 01, 2000) (7 pages)
[3] J. Denecke, V. Schramm, S. Kim and S. Wittig, Influence of Rub-Grooves on Labyrinth Seal Leakage J.
Turbomach. 125(2), 387-393 (Apr 23, 2003) (7 pages)
External collaborations
GE Avio S.r.l.
An extended CFD numerical analysis on the honeycomb stepped labyrinth seal has been
performed in order to investigate the stator part geometrical parameters affecting the discharge
coefficient. A one-at-a-time approach has been employed to investigate: cell wall thickness, cell
depth, cell diameter and fin tip thickness. Moreover the effect of varying the fin tip and cell relative
position has been evaluated. Numerical results for both convergent and divergent flow conditions
have been obtained and analyzed in terms of leakage variations. The obtained results are in good
agreement with the data available in the literature. The analysis has highlighted the cell diameter
as the most influencing geometrical parameter for honeycomb labyrinth seal stator part. Moreover
the implementation of a numerical model for rotating stepped labyrinth seal has been performed.
The numerical results, under rotating conditions, have been compared with the literature
experimental data showing a good agreement at least for low rotation velocities.
New cell shapes have been investigated in order to find
an innovative solution able to enhance the sealing
performances reducing the leakage mass flow. In order
to define new shapes some assumptions for the
honeycomb labyrinth seal rubbing behavior have been
considered. Fifteen innovative solutions have been
investigated using the CFD numerical analysis technique.
A numerical model of a double fin straight honeycomb
labyrinth seal, able to reproduce engine conditions, has
been implemented following all the outcomes provided by
the validation activity performed in the previous year.
Numerical results have shown, for some of the
investigated solutions, a mass flow rate reduction in
comparison with the standard honeycomb shape. The
Figure 1. Comparison between innovative
mass flow rate reduction on the most promising solution
geometries and standard honeycomb
has been evaluated close to 10%.
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Academic context
[1] Berglund S., Kautsky U., Lindborg T., Selroos J-O., 2009. Integration of hydrogeological and ecological
modelling for the assessment of a nuclear waste repository. Hydrogeology Journal, Vol. 17, 95-113.
[2] Steinhauser G., Brandl A., Johnson T.E., 2014. Comparison of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear
accidents: A review of the environmental impacts. Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 470-471, No. 1,
800-817.
[3] Iezzi, S., Imperi, M., Rosati, M., Ventura, G., 2009. Hydrogeological studies for radiological monitoring of
shallow groundwater in the EUREX plant of Saluggia (Vercelli, Italy). Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol.
137, No. 3-4, 306-309.
External collaborations
ENEA
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Academic context
[1] Baratta, M., Finesso, R., Misul, D., Spessa, E., Tong, Y., Peletto, C. (2014). Potential of the variable valve
actuation (VVA)Strategy On a Heavy Duty CNG Engine. ESDA2014, ESDA2014-20217
[2] Baratta, M., d'Ambrosio, S., Misul, D., and Spessa, E., Effects of H2 addition to CNG blends on cycle-tocycle and cylinder-to-cylinder combustion variation in a spark ignition engine ASME Transactions, Journal of
Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 136, pp. 051502-1/12, 2014.
[3] Baratta, M., Tong, Y., Misul, D., Finesso, R., Spessa, E., Advanced combustion and turbocharging
management in a HD CNG engine for catalyst thermal operation optimization. Paper under preparation, to
be submitted to Applied Energy.
External collaborations
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Tutor(s): E. Spessa
Academic context
[1] Silva, C., Ross, M., & Farias, T. (2009). Evaluation of energy consumption, emissions and cost of plug-in
hybrid vehicles. Energy Conversion and Management, 50(7), 1635-1643.
[2] Wu, X., Cao, B., Li, X., Xu, J., & Ren, X. (2011). Component sizing optimization of plug-in hybrid electric
vehicles. Applied Energy, 88(3), 799-804.
[3] Finesso, R., Spessa, E., & Venditti, M. (2014). Layout design and energetic analysis of a complex diesel
parallel hybrid electric vehicle. Applied Energy, 134, 573-588.
External collaborations
GM Powertrain Europe
FCA, CNH Industrial and Centro Ricerche Fiat
AVL-Graz
-245.8
-171.8
-330.3
40.2
39.6
36.6
36
42.6
42.1
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Academic context
[1] C. Wang, Y. Yu, T. Simon, T. Cui and M.T. North, Microfabrication of short pin fins on heat sink surfaces
to augment heat transfer performance, Proceedings of 13th InterSociety Conference on Thermal and
Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems - ITherm, San Diego (2012).
[2] F. Zhou, and I. Catton, Obtaining closure for a plane fin heat sink with elliptic scale-roughened surfaces
for Volume Averaging Theory (VAT) based modeling, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 71 (2013)
264-273.
[3] L. Ventola, F. Robotti, M. Dialameh, F. Calignano, D. Manfredi, E. Chiavazzo and P. Asinari, Rough
surfaces with enhanced heat transfer for electronics cooling by direct metal laser sintering, International
Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 75 (2014) 58-74.
External collaborations
Center for Space Human RoboticsIIT@Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy.
MicrolaOptoelectronics S.r.l., Localita Baraggino 10034 Chivasso, Turin, Italy.
INRIM Nanotechnoogy group. Turin, Italy.
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Topic: Energy efficiency in industrial plants: Organic Rankine Cycle application for heat
recovery from industrial processes
Course year: 3rd
Academic context
[1] El-Emam R. S., Dincer I., Exergy and exergoeconomic analyses and optimization of geothermal
organic Rankine cycle, Applied Thermal Engineering 59 (2013): 435444
[2] Modesto M., Nebra S.A., Exergoeconomic analysis of the power generation system using blast furnace
and coke oven gas in a Brazil steel mill, Applied Thermal Engineering 29 (2009): 21272136
[3] Ganjehkaviri A., Mohd Jaafar M.N., Ahmadi P., Barzegaravval H., Modelling and optimization of
combined cycle power plant based on exergoeconomic and environmental analyses, Applied Thermal
Engineering 67 (2014): 566578
External collaborations
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Topic: Analysis of injection, mixture formation and combustion processes for innovative
CNG Engines
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] O Colin, A Benkenida,. and C Angelberger,. (2003) A 3D Modeling of Mixing, Ignition and Combustion
Phenomena in Highly Stratified Gasoline Engines. Oil & Gas Science and Technology, Rev. IFP, 58, 1, 4762.
[2] Baratta, M., and Rapetto, N., Fluid-dynamic and numerical aspects in the simulation of direct CNG
injection in spark-ignition engines, Computers & Fluids 103, November 2014, Pages 215-233.
[3] Baratta M ,Misul D., Viglione L, Turbulence and combustion modeling in a high-performance, high- CR
NG engine- submitted to ASME-ATI-UIT 2015 Conference on Thermal Energy Systems: Production,
Storage, Utilization and the Environment 17 20 May, 2015, Napoli, Italy.
External collaborations
CRF
Metatron Spa
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Academic context
[1] DAmbrosio, S., Finesso, R., Fu, L., Mittica, A., Spessa, E. A Control-Oriented Real-Time Semi-Empirical
Model for the Prediction of NOx Emissions in Diesel Engines, Applied Energy 130:265-279, 2014.
[2] Finesso, R., Misul, D.A., Spessa, E. Development and Validation of a Semiempirical Model for the
Estimation of Particulate Matter in Diesel Engines, Energy Conversion and Management 84:374-389, 2014.
[3] Catania A.E., Finesso R., Spessa E., Predictive zero-dimensional combustion model for DI diesel engine
feed-forward control, Energy Conversion and Management 52 (10): 3159-3175, 2011.
External collaborations
GM Powertrain Europe
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Topic: Path ways to renewable natural gases: integrated system power to gas (SNG) with
biogas upgrade
Course year: 1st
Academic context
[1] Schefold, J., Brisse, A., & Tietz, F. (2011). Nine thousand hours of operation of a solid oxide cell in steam
electrolysis mode. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 159(2), A137-A144.
[2] Ni, M., Leung, M. K. H., & Leung, D. Y. C. (2008). Technological development of hydrogen production by
solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(9), 2337-2354.
[3] Persson, M., Jnsson, O., & Wellinger, A. (2006). Biogas upgrading to vehicle fuel standards and grid
injection. In IEA Bioenergy task (Vol. 37).
External collaborations
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