10/24/2015

2.3.COMPRESSORSECTION

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2.3.COMPRESSORSECTION
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2.3.1.GENERAL
Description:
The axialflow compressor section consists of the compressor rotor and the inclosing casing. Included within the
compressorcasingaretheinletguidevanes,the17stagesofrotorandstatorblading,andtheexitguidevanes.
Inthecompressor,airisconfinedtothespacebetweentherotorandstatorbladingwhereitiscompressedinstages
byaseriesofalternaterotating(rotor)andstationary(stator)airfoilshapedblades.
Therotorbladessupplytheforceneededtocompresstheairineachstageandthestatorbladesguidetheairsothatit
enters in the following rotor stage at the proper angle. The compressed air exits through the compressor discharge
casingtothecombustionchambers.Airisextractedfromthecompressorforturbinecooling,forbearingsealing,and
duringstartupforpulsationcontrol.
Sinceminimumclearancebetweenrotorandstatorprovidesbestperformanceinacompressor,partshavetobemade
andassembledveryaccurately.
CompressorSection

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2.3.2.COMPRESSORROTOR
Description:
The compressor rotor is an assembly of 15 individual wheels, two stubshafts, each with an integral wheel, a speed
ring,tiebolts,andthecompressorrotorblades.
Each wheel and the wheel portion of each stubshaft has slots broached around its periphery. The rotor blades and
spacersareinsertedintotheseslotsandareheldinaxialpositionbystakingateachendoftheslot.Thewheelsand
stubshaftsareassembledtoeachotherwith
mating rabbets for concentricity control and are held together with tie bolts. Selective positioning of the wheels is
madeduringassemblytoreducebalancecorrection.Afterassembly,therotorisdynamicallybalancedtoafinelimit.
Theforwardstubshaftismachinedtoprovidetheforwardandaftthrustfacesandthejournalforthen1bearing,as
wellasthesealingsurfacesforthen1bearingoilsealsandthecompressorlowpressureairseals.
CompressorRotorLocation

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2.3.3.COMPRESSORSTATOR
General:
Thestator(casing)areaofthecompressorsectioniscomposedoffourmajorsections:
inletcasing
forwardcompressorcasing
aftcompressorcasing
compressordischargecasing
Thesesections,inconjunctionwiththeturbineshellandexhaustframeformtheprimarystructureofthegasturbine.
Theysupporttherotoratthebearingpointsandconstitutetheouterwallofthegaspathannulus.
Thecasingboreismaintainedtoclosetoleranceswithrespecttotherotorbladetipsformaximumefficiency.

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Inletcasing:
Theinletcasingislocatedattheforwardendofthegasturbine.
Its prime function is to uniformly direct air into the compressor. The inlet casing also supports the n 1 bearing
housing,aseparatecastingthatcontainsthen1bearing.Then1bearinghousingissupportedintheinletcasing
on machined surfaces on either side of the inner bellmouth of the lower half casing. To maintain axial and radial
alignmentwiththecompressorrotorshaft,thebearinghousingisshimmed,doweledandboltedinplaceatassembly.
The inner bellmouth is positioned to the outer bellmouth by eight airfoilshaped radial struts that provide structural
integrityfortheinletcasing.Thestrutsarecastintothebellmouthwalls.

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Variableinletguidevanes:
Variableinletguidevanesarelocatedattheaftendoftheinletcasing.
The position of these vanes has an effect on the quantity of compressor air flow. Movement of these guide vanes is
accomplishedbytheinletguidevanecontrolringthatturnsindividualpiniongearsattachedtotheendofeachvane.
Thecontrolringispositionedbyahydraulic
actuatorandlinkagearmassembly.

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PINIONGEARSANDCONTROLARRANGEMENTOFTHEV.I.G.V.

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2.3.COMPRESSORSECTION

Forwardcasing:
The forward compressor casing contains the first four compressor stator stages. It also transfers the structural loads
from the adjoining casing to the forward support which is bolted and doweled to this compressor casing's forward
flange.
The forward compressor casing is equipped with two large integrally cast trunnions which are used to lift the gas
turbinewhenitisseparatedfromitsbase.

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Aftcasing:
The aft compressor casing contains the fifth through tenth compressor stages. Extraction ports in the casing permit
removal of 5th and 11th stage compressor air. This air is used for cooling and sealing functions and is also used for
startingandshutdownpulsationcontrol.

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Dischargecasing:
The compressor discharge casing is the final portion of the compressor section. It is the longest single casting. It is
situated at the midpoint between the forward and aft supports and is, in effect, the keystone of the gas turbine
structure.
Thefunctionsofthecompressordischargecasingsaretocontainthefinalsevencompressorstages,toformboththe
inner and outer walls of the compressor diffuser and to join the compressor and turbine stators. They also provide
supportforn2bearing,theforwardendofthecombustionwrapper,andtheinnersupportofthefirststageturbine
nozzle.Thecompressordischargecasingconsistsoftwocylinders,onebeingacontinuationofthecompressorcasings
and the other being an inner cylinder that surrounds the compressor rotor. The two cylinders are concentrically
positioned by twelve radial struts. These struts flair out to meet the larger diameter of the turbine shell, and are the
primaryloadbearingmembersinthisportionofthegasturbinestator.
Thesupportingstructureforthen2bearingiscontainedwithintheinnercylinder.Adiffuserisformedbythetapered
annulus between the outer cylinder and inner cylinder of the discharge casing. The diffuser converts some of the
compressorexitvelocityintoaddedpressure.

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Blading:
The compressor rotor and stator blades are airfoil shaped and designed to compress air efficiently at high blade tip
velocities.Thebladesareattachedtotheirwheelsbydovetailsarrangements.
Thedovetailisverypreciseinsizeandpositionsoastomaintaineachbladeinthedesiredpositionandlocationonthe
wheel.
The compressor stator blades are airfoil shaped and are mounted by similar dovetails into ring segments. The ring
segments are inserted into circumferential grooves in the casing and are held in place with locking keys. The stator
blades of the last nine stages and two exit guide vanes have a square base dovetail that are inserted directly into
circumferentialgroovesinthecasing.Lockingkeysalsoholdtheminplace.

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2.3.COMPRESSORSECTION

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