Optical System Design

in Projection Display

Speaker : Hsi-Chao Chen ()

Date

: 10/15 2007

Outline
Introduction
Optical System Design
Basic Optics
Projection System
LCD projector
LCoS projector
DLP projector
One reflection projection optical system
Two reflection projection optical system

Research
Future

Introduction
Application of projection display

2000

ATV2

1600

Direct View
AM LCD
C
M RT
on
ito
r

# Horizontal Pixels

1800

1400
1200
1000
800

Projection
Displays

LCD TV

UXGA
XGA, ATV1

Plasma
SVGA
VGA

Direct View
CRT TV

600
400
200
0
0

10"

20 "

30 "

40 "

50 "

60 "

80 "

Screen diagonal(inches)

100 "

Optical Engine of Projection Display

I. Illumination System
- Non-image Optics
- Polarization Optics
- Thin-film Optics

II. Image System

- Projection Lens Design
- Image Parts
- Diffraction Optics

Optical System Design

Device: Transmission/Reflection
LCD

LCoS

LCD

LCoS Off-axis

DMD

DMD

Lamp Reflector

Parabolic reflector

Elliptical reflector

Illumination system
Parabolic reflector

LCD

W" Microdisplay Panel

A

f'A

f'B
A
W"
=
f 'A
f 'B

From similar triangle relation

System f-number relation

f 'B

Elliptical reflector

LCD
Microdisplay Panel

Light division and combination

Dichroic mirror

X-cube

Basic Optics
Integration Tunnel
Function : Brightness uniformity at the uotside of the
integration rod.
Type : Solid Rod and Hollow Tunnel
Integration Tunnel

Uniformity

Non -uniformity

Relay/Field Lens
Function: Project the light at the outside of the integration
into the DMD device.
Theorem: Etendue conservation
A1W1=A2W2 A1,A2: Area
W1,W2: Divergence angle

DMD
A1,W1

Relay lens
Field lens

Tunnel
A2,W2

Color Wheel
Function : Let inside white light to separate to redgreen
and blue three different color light.
Type:2 times,3 times

Color Wheel

G
B

White light

TIR Prism
Function: Let light to go into the DMD device by special
angle and let on state light go into the projector lens.
Projection lens

TIR Prism

DMD

Projection Lens
Function: Project the image to the screen
Type: fixed lens & Zoom lens
Screen

on-axis & off axis

Projection lens

Projection system
LCD Projection : 3-0.9 LCD Optical Engine Layout
PBS
LENS ARRAY#2
PHILIPS LAMP UHP 120W

CONDENSER

DICHROIC PLATE
BLUE REFLECT

DICHROIC PLATE
GREEN REFLECT

RELAY LENS INPUT

MIRROR #2

FIELD LENS
BLUE & GREEN

AR GLASS
1/2 WAVE RETARDER
POLARIZER
LENS ARRAY#1

RELAY LENS
POLARIZER
RETARDER

0.9" LCD
X-CUBE

FIELD LENS RED

G
B

R
MIRROR #3

PROJECTION
LENS

MIRROR #1

LCoS Projection : Optical Engine of LCoS ( Off-Axis)

DLP Projection : DLP Optical Engine( TIR prism)

UHP 100W Lamp

with Elliptic Reflector
TIR Prism

Color Wheel
=50mm

DMD Chip
Projection lens

Projection Lens
Relay Lens
Integration
Tunnel

Folding Mirror

Condenser 1
Condenser 2

UV-IR
Filter

One reflection projection optical system

Non-telecentric System
Mirror 1

Screen

Optical engine

Two reflection projection optical system

Telecentric System

Screen

Mirror 2

Mirror 1
Optical engine

Research
A. Improving the illumination efficiency and color temperature for a
projection system by depositing thin-film coatings on an X-cube prism

I2623262006/09/21

Dichroic filter

G
R

Conventional Xcube coating

Small polarization Xcube coating

X-cube prism

Transmittance spectrum of UHP lamp Output transmittance spectrum

Hsi-Chao Chen, Cheng-Chung Lee, and June-jei Huang, Improving the illumination
efficiency and color temperature for a projection system by depositing thin-film coatings on an
X-cube prism, Optical Engineering, vol. 45, 113801 (2006)

B. Improving the Color Gamut and Color temperature by

Xenon Lamp on 1080P Home Theater Projector

1080P optical system layout

Mockup for 1080P DLP projector

Cermax (left) compared to UHP (right)

Lamp Spectrum

Gamut area in CIE 1931

, , 21, (2007).

Future
1. LED Lamp for Projection.
2. Laser for Projection.
3. Digital Cinema and Home theater.
4. Communication and Human life.

Microsoft Surface Teaser

Thank you for your attention!!