Fundamentals of solid mechanics

Dr. A. Vinoth Jebaraj, SMEC

VIT University, Vellore

Simple Design

Image courtesy: NPTEL

Elementary Equations

For Direct loading or Axial loading

For transverse loading

For tangential loading or twisting

Where I and J Resistance properties of cross sectional area
I Area moment of inertia of the cross section about the axes lying on the section
(i.e. xx and yy)
J Polar moment of inertia about the axis perpendicular to the section

Pure Bending

 If the length of a beam is subjected to a constant bending

moment and no shear force ( zero shear force) then the
stresses will be set up in that length of the beam due to
bending moment only then it is said to be in pure bending.

Under bending, top fibers subjected to compressive

stresses and bottom fiber subjected to tensile stresses and
vice versa.

In the middle layer (neutral axis), there is no stress due to

external load.

Assumptions in the Evaluation of Bending stress

Practical Application of Bending Equation

In actual situation , when you consider any structure
bending moment varies from point to point and it
also accompanied by shearing force.
In large number of practical cases, the bending
moment is maximum where shear force is zero.
It seems justifiable that to apply bending equation at
that point only.
Hence our assumptions in pure bending (zero shear
force) is a valid one.