Design of staircase

Unit weight of RCC=

25.0 kN/sq.m
Available width of Staircase=
1.2 m
Floor to Floor Height =
2.8 m
Height of Riser=
0.2 m
Width of tread=
0.3
Number of Riser=
16.0
Number of Tread required
15.0
Design of Staircase AB
Effective span of flight= Centre to centre distance of Support
=
2.7 m
Thickness of waist slab= (1/20) of span(approx.)
=
91.4 mm
let us take
d=
110.0 mm
D=
135.0 mm
LOADS
i. weight of waist slab in plan (per m width of
flight) D*Sqreroot(1+sqre(R/T))*unit weight
=
4.1 kN/m
ii. Weight of steps (per m width of flight)=

(25RT)/2T
2.2 kN/m

Total dead load=

Live load=
Total DL + LL=
Factored load,wu=

6.3 kN/m
3.0 kN/m
9.3 kN/m
14.0 kN/m

DL=
LL=
Total, DL+LL=
Factored load=

3.4 kN/m
3.0 kN/m
6.4 kN/m
9.6 kN/m

For landing,

Design Moment
Reaction at supports, RA=
Reaction at supports, RB=
BM at mid span, Mu=

17.2 kN
14.4 kN
9.8 kNm

Max. BM allowed for a singly reinforced

section with Fe500=

0.138*fck*b*d*d
=
33.4 kNm
Hence, sectio can be designed as singly reinforced

> 12.2kN/m

Area of Reinforcment
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1-(Ast/b*d)*(fy/fck))
Computing

Ast=
172.4 sq.mm
Using 8mm bars, Asteel=
50.3 Sq.mm
Spacing= Asteel/Ast
291.7 mm
Considering spacing = 155mm
Area provided, Aprovd=
324.4 sq.mm
Provide 8mm dia. Bars @
155.0 c/c
Distribution Steel= 0.12% of area
=
198.0 Sq.mm
using 8mm dia. Bars, Asteel=
50.3 sq.mm
Spacing of 8 mm dia. Bars=
254.0 mm
Providing spacing=190mm
Ast provided=
264.7
provide 8mm dia. Bars @ 190mm c/c
Development length
Ld= (Dia. Of steel*0.87*fy)/(4*shear strength)
437.5 mm
Providing 600mm length of bars at points where Ld is required

of Support

unit weight

> 12.2kN/m

)*(fy/fck))

*shear strength)

d is required

Design of two way slab

solution
Slab is supported on beam of width =
Ly =
Lx =
Ly/Lx =

230 mm
4.26 m
3.76 m
1.13

Calculation of Depth of slab

(Lx/d)< (L/d)basic *1.4
Computing, d>103.3mm
Therefore, d=120mm
Effective cover = 20mm
Total depth, D=140mm
Load Calculation(wu)
Self wt. of slab=
3.5 kN/m
Finishing Load=
1 kN/m
Live Load=
5 kN/m
Total Load=
9.5 kN/m
Design Load(wu)= 14.25 kN/m
Since the slab is suppported on all the four sides and two adjacent edge discontinous
Design Bending moment
From Code,
From Is Code 456,

Ly/Lx= 1.13
ax= 0.055
ay= 0.047

Mux= ax*wu*Lx*Lx
11.08034 kNm
Muy= ay*wu*Lx*Lx
9.468658 kN/m

or

11080344 N/mm

or

9468658 N/mm

Minimum Depth Required(dreqd)

dreqd=
64.54102 < dassumed
Hence, O.K
Design of Main reinforcement
i. along shorter span in X-direction(middle strip)
width of middle strip=(3/4)*Ly
3.195 m
Mumax= 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1-((Ast*fy/(b*d*fck)))
Therefore, Ast=
222.56 sq.mm
Astmin= 0.12*b*D/100
168 sq,mm
Using 8mm dia.bars, Asteel=
50.28571 sq.mm
Spacing= 225.9423 mm

Considering spacing=
200 mm
Ast provided=
251.4286 sq.mm
Therefore, provide 8mm dia @200mm c/c in the middle strip of width 3.195m.
ii Along longer span in Y-direction(middle strip):
Width of middle strip
(3/4)*Lx
2.82 m
Effective depth along Y-Direction
d=
110 mm
Mu 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1-((fy*Ast)/(b*d*fck)))
Ast=
189.526 sq.mm
Spacing= Asteel/Ast
265.3236 mm
Considering spacing = 230mm
Ast provided=
218.6335 sq.mm
Therefore, provide 8mm dia @ 230mmc/c in the middle strip of width 2.82m
iii. Reinforcement in edge strip
Asmin=
168 sq.mm
using 8mm dia. Bars,
Spacing= Areq/Asmin
= 299.3197 mm

ge discontinous

dth 3.195m.

of width 2.82m

Square Footing design

Node

Axial Factor Load

398.820
594.460
373.130
713.8
931.340
570.820
417.150
452.090

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Axial Non factor load

265.88
396.31
248.75
475.87
620.89
380.55
278.10
301.39

Design of Isolated foundation

Design of Isolated foundation for column Node no:6
Axial Load on Column, P =
570.8 kN
Bearing Capacity of soil q=
150 kN/sq.m
length of column=
300 mm
Breadth of Column=
300 mm
fck=
20 N/sq.mm
fy=
500 N/sq.mm
Calculation of Load
P= 380.5466667 kN
Self wt. of footing=
10% of Axial load on column
38.054667 kN
Total Load = 418.60133 kN
Area of footing
A= Total Load/Bearing Capacity of Soil
= 2.790675556 Sq.m
Therefore , Size of Footing=
1.67 m
Considering
Length of Footing=
Breadth of Footing=

1.68 m
1.68 m

Effective Width be= b+(B-b)/8

=
472.50 mm
~
500 mm
Uplift Pressure, P=
= 202.2463152 kN/sq.m
Moment at Col. Face=

80.883155 kNm

(M/1.38*fck*be)
= 242.0970511 mm
~
245 mm
Adopt D
300 mm
dmin=

Area of Reinforcement
M= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-(fy*Ast/fck*be)
Solving it into quadratic equation
A=fy
500
B=bdfck
6174000
C=BM*fck*b/(.87*fy 4685644862
Ast=(-b+SQRT(b^2-4*A*C))/(2*A)812.37839
Therefore, Ast=812.378sq.mm
Providing 12mm dia reinforcement, Asteel=113 sq.mm
Spacing=
(B)/Ast/Asteel
= 233.68421 mm
Consider Spacing= 175m
175 mm
Ast provided=
1086.163 sq.mm
% of reinforcement = (Ast provided/B*D)*100
= 0.263888 %
Provide 12mm dia reinforcement on both side @175mm c/c

Axial Non factor load

265.88
396.31
248.75
475.87
620.89
380.55
278.10
301.39

@175mm c/c

Design of Combined Footing

Axial load on Column A=
Axial load on Column B=

360.9
280.35

kN
kN

Size of Column A=
Size of Column B=
Bearing Capacity of soil=

304.8
304.8
125

mm
mm
kN/sq.m

i.Length and Width of the footing

Centre of gravity of load from the property line
X= (PA*x+PB*y)/(PA+PB)
0.7796 m
Length of Footing=
2*X
1.5592032281 m
Assume
3.27 m

c/c dist.
left edge

1.4401
0.15

edge to c/c dist

1.5901

Right edge

0.15

10 '- 8.7''

Assume Weight of footing and earth above it as 10% of total weight

Total load
(PA+PB)*1.1
705.375 kN
Footing Width=
Total Load on earth/(length of footing*Bearing Capacity)
1.725688073 m
6 '- 0.0''
Adopt
1.83 m widhth of footing
ii.Longitudinal Bending moment and shear
Factored load on Column A=
Factored load on Column B=
Net upward Soil Pressure=

541.35 kN
420.525 kN
(Pau+Pbu)/(length of footing*width of Footing)
160.802752294 kN/sq.m
Net upward soil pressure per unit length=
294.15 kN/m
Maximum shear force at centre line of column A
V1=
Netupward soil pressure per unit length * c/c distance
Negative shear force
-44.122706422 kN
V2=
V1+Pau
Positive shear force
497.227293578 kN
Maximum Shear force at centre line of Column B
V1=
Netupward soil pressure per unit length * c/c distance
Negative shear force
-376.40229358 kN
V2=
V1-Pbu
Positive shear force
44.122706422 kN
Point of Zero Shear force from centre of column A(from Calculation)
x= 0.819634587
Maximum bending moment computed from left side

BM= (Net upward soil pressure (dist. From left edgt to A column+X)^2)/2-1.5*Factored load*X

-305.4299111496 KNm
Maximum bending moment computed from Right side

BM= (Net upward soil pressure (dist. From right edgt to B column+X)^2)/2-1.5*Factored load B*X

-206.397562228 KNm

For computation thickness of footing

Bm= 0.138*fck*b*d^2
d^2= 80661.03933741
d=
284.0088719343 mm
d1
400 mm
Depth at the face of column
d2
200 mm
Depth at edge of footing
Adopt overall depth as 450 mm & effective depth as 400mm

iii) Main negative longitudinal reinforcement

BM= 0.87*fy*Ast (d-fy*ast/(fck*b))
Simplyfying this into Quadratic equation (Ax^2+Bx+c=0)
Ast=
2318.04 sqmm
24129.21
iii) Check depth for one way shear
Minimun dimention of column

304.80

Distance of section from edge of footing equals to( Along

minimum dimension of column:

362.23

Breadth of column face at this section with 45o diagonal

b1
V1
d

1104.80 mm
156.31 kN
301.38 mm
0.47 N/mm2

c(required)
For Grade 20 with nominal steel Concrete design shear
strength

Summary
Assumed bar diameter
12 mm
No of bars
20.50 nos
No of reinforcement Layer
2
Spacing
178.50 mm c/c
Provide 2 layer of main reinforcement @

2.80 N/mm2
Safe in one way shear

150 mm c/c

Column A

Column B

Design of Staircase
Unit weight of RCC
Available width of Staircase
Width of Each Flight
Space Between the two flights
Floor to Floor Height
As there will be two flights, each
flight will have a height of
Height of Riser
Number of Riser
Number of Tread required
Widthe of each Tread
Total Going
Total length available
Width of Each landing
Effective length of (l)=

25

kN/sq.m
1.3 m
0.6 m
0.1 m
2.84 m
1.42 m
0.176 m
8
7
0.253 m
1.79 m
4.98 m
1.60

2.35

Design of Slab
Slab to be Designed=
13'11"x10'11"
Here, Ly=
4.24 m
Lx=
3.32 m
And,
Ly/Lx=
1.28 <2( so, Two way slab)
From Deflection Control Crietria
Span/deff=26*modification factor
for 3% tensile reiforcement, modification factor=2
or, deff=
63.85 mm~
110 mm
Overall Depth, D=
130 mm
Load Calculation
Dead load of Slab=
Floor Finish=
Partition wall Load=
Live load=
herefore, Total Load=
Design Load, w=

3.25 kN/sq.mm
1 kN/sq.mm
1 kN/sq.mm
3 kN/sq.mm
8.25 kN/sq.mm
12.375 kN

Bending moment Calculation

Mx=
x*w*Lx*Lx
My=
y*w*Lx*Lx
Since two adjacent side Discontinous
Positive Moment at Mid span:
x=
0.049
y=
0.035
Where,x and y are Shorter span coefficent and longer span coefficient
Negative Moment at Support:
x=
0.065
y=
0.047
Positive Moment at Shorter span, Mx=
Negative Moment at Shorter span, My=
Positive Moment at Longer span, Mx=
Negative Moment at Longer span, My=

6.68 KNm
8.87 KNm
4.77 KNm
6.41 KNm

Area of Reinforcement
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-.416Xu)
Where, Xu=0.06Ast for Fe500
8mm dia. Spaced at 348.19mm c/c (Positive )
8mm dia. @ 210mm
8mm dia. Spaced at 259.43mm c/c(Negative)
8mm dia. @ 140mm
8mm dia. Spaced at 492.31mm c/c(Positive)
8mm dia. @ 240mm
8mm dia. Spaced at 363.53mm c/c(Negative)
8mm dia. @ 165mm
Check for Shear
Shear force, Vu=

w*Lx/2
=
20.5425 kN
Shear stress=Vu/b*d
=
0.19 N/sq.mm
%of steel= Ast/b*d
0.18 %

c/c
c/c
c/c
c/c

From code, Shear strength of Concrete M20 of 0.24% steel=

Since, 0.3>0.19 , It is Safe
Check for Deflection
Steel stress, fs=
0.58*Ast req./Ast prod.
201.64059 N/sq.mm
% of steel, pt=
Ast prod./b*d
0.11 %
From code, modiifaction factor=2
Deflection control criteria,
Span/deff=26*modification factor
(3.32/110)<26*2
29.36
<
52 (O.K)

0.3

coefficient

m
m
m
m

depth, d=
fy=
0.416Xu=
dia.
dia.
dia.
dia.

@
@
@
@

210mm
140mm
240mm
165mm

c/c
c/c
c/c
c/c

15364.85
20381.94
10974.89
14737.71

110
500
0.025
110
110
110
110

8mm dia a 50.285714

4400
4400
4400
4400

Area of Rei Spacing req

614593.8 144.42072
348.19
815277.5 193.8289
259.43
438995.6 102.1429
492.31
589508.4 138.32795
363.53

N/sq.mm

spacing provid
198.19 253.725986
109.43 459.509235
342.31 146.902174
213.53 235.502333