NATIONAL LEVEL SCIENCE TALENT SEARCH EXAMINATION- UN472

Solutions for Class : 11 fPCMJ

Math e m atics
1.

(C)

::::> n(AuB)~6

We have, sec e + tanS e cosec e

=sec e ( 1 + tans e cosece)
sece

4.

(C)

= 7(5()51 _ 51C1 5000 + 51C2 5()49 - ... -1)

= 7(5051- 51C1 5000 + 51C2 5049- ...) - 25 + 18

= SeC 8 SeC2 8 = seeS 8

= k + 18 (say), since k is divisible by 25,

= (sec2e )312 = (1 + tan2e )312

2.

(C)

:. Remainder is 18.
Let ftx) = x and g(x) = xs. Then f(x) g(x)
= x 4, even; option (A) is false.

Since a, b, c are in H.P.,

Let f(x) and g(x) are two even functions and

F(x) = f(x) + g(x)

1 1 1

:. a' b' c are in A.P.

1

::::> Minimum number of elements in Au B

is 6.
We have, 7 103 = 7(49)5 1= 7(50 - 1)5 1

F(-x) = f(-x) + g(-x) = f(x) + g(x) = F(x)

::::> F(x) is even, option (B) is true.

2
b

::::> -+-=-

Let f(x) be an even function and g(x) be an

odd function and F(x) = f(x) g(x)

.
1.me IS
. -X
The given

- + -1 = 0
b c

+ y

F(-x) = ft-x) g(-x) = f(x) (- g(x))

::::> - F(x) is odd, option (C) is true

(D) g ( - x ) =
1

6.

::::> The given line passes through the point

of intersection of x - 1 = 0 and y + 2 = 0
i.e., (1, - 2) which is a fixed point.

(D)

f (x) + f ( - x)
2

= g(x) is even, option (D) is ture.

::::> - (x -1) +-(y +2) = 0

3.

f ( - x) + f (x)
2

(C)

T 20 = (20th term of 2, 4, 6, 8, ... ) x (20th

term of 4, 6, 8, ... )
= [2 + (19)(2)] [4 + (19)2] = (40)(42) = 1680

7.

(B)

Given statement is not true for n = 1 as

We know that

J.

n(A u B)= n(A) + n(B) - n(A n B)

1 < (1
- + -1
2

Alson(AnB)::; min {n(A),n(B)}

= min {3, 6} = 3

For n = 2, the statement becomes

::::> n(AnB)::;3 ::::> -n(AnB)~ - 3

2 1
1 x 2< ( ;

1.e., 1 < l is not true.

i.e., 2 <

~ ,which is true.

::::> n(A u B)= n(A) + n(B) - n(An B)

~n(A)

+ n(B) - 3

8.

(C)

Since each question can be deal with in 3

ways

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a) by selecting it

b) by selecting its alternative, or

c) by rejecting it.

cos ( ) + cos ( + )
= cos cos +
(
)
(
)

Thus, the total number of ways of dealing

with 10 given questions is 310 including a
way in which we reject all the questions.

(applying components and dividendo)

Hence the number of all possible selections

of one or more questions is 310 1.
9.

(A)

We have tan + tan + tan = 0

tan = h, and since tan satisfies the

given equation.

14. (D)

Hence, R1 represents a function.

ah3 + (2a x)h = y

Similarly, R 2 and R 3 also represent

functions.

Let Nisha secure x marks in the fifth test,

then her average score

In case of R4, f(x) = 4x

87 + 92 + 94 + 95 + x 368 + x
=
=
5
5

Every element of A has two unequal

images.

According to given condition, we must

have
368 + x
90

e.g., f(1) = 4, f(2) = 8 etc.

R4 is not a function.

15. (D)

x 450 368

= (1 5x) (1 + x)

x 82

Coefficient of x = 1 5 = 4

y = ex and y = x

16. (A)

ex = x no x R

Solving the given equations in pairs, we

get the coordinates of the vertices as

(Since, 5 points are collinear, so they

cannot form a triangle)

A = (3, 3), B = (1, 1), C = (1, 1),

Hence, total number of triangles

= 220 10 = 210

D = (2, 2)
m1 = slope of AC =

1 3
4
= = 1
1+3
4

m2 = slope of BD =

2 1
3
=
=1
2 1
3

So, diagonals AC and BD are perpendicular.

.
2

We have, cos( + ) sin ( + ) sin ( )

sin ( + )
sin ( )

17. (B)

n(A) = n(A B) + n(A B)

= 30 + x + 2x
= 30 + 3x
n(B) = n(B A) + n(A B) = x + 2x = 3x
n(A) = 2n(B)

m1m2 = (1)(1) = 1.

Angle between AC and BD is

Number of triangles formed with 12 points

= 12C3 = 220
Number of triangles formed with 5 points
= 5C3 = 10

Hence, A B = .

13. (A)

(1 + 4x)5/4.(1 + 2x)1/2

5
1

= 1 .4 x 1 + (2 x)
4
2

368 + x 90 5

12. (C)

In case of R1, f(x) = 6x + 7

Clearly, every element of A has a unique
image.

a(h)3 + (2a x)(h) + y = 0

11. (B)

2sin cos 2 cos cos

=
2 cos sin 2sin sin

cot = cot cot cot

a tan3 + (2a x)tan + y = 0

10. (A)

sin ( + ) + sin ( )
sin ( + ) sin ( + )

30 + 3x = 2.3x

30 = 6x 3x

30 = 3x

x = 10

cos ( )

cos ( + )

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18. (A)

We have,
(1 + x) = C0 + C1 x + C2x + C3x + C4x + ...
+ Cnxn .... (1)
n

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

n(1 + x)n 1 = C1 + 2C2x + 3C3x2 + 4C4x3 + ...
+ nCnxn 1 .... (2)

2cos5 cos + 5.2cos3 cos + 10.2cos 2

=
cos 5 + 5 cos3 + 10cos
=

2 cos (cos 5 + 5 cos3 + 10 cos )

= 2 cos
(cos5 + 5 cos 3 + 10 cos )

21. (D)

Putting x = 1 in (1) and (2), we get

a2x2 + bx + c = 0

2 = C0 + C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 + ... Cn ..... (3)

a2 2 + b + c = 0

and n 2n 1 C1 + 2C2 + 3C3 + 4C4 + ...

+ nCn ....
(4)

Since is a root of the equation

19. (C)

.... (1)

Adding (3) and (4), we get

a2x2 bx c = 0

(n + 2) 2n 1 = C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 + ... + (n + 1) Cn.

a2 2 b c = 0

Since, a, b and c are in A.P.

Now let f(x) = a2x2 + 2bx + 2c

2b = a + c

f( ) = a2 2 + 2(b + c)

Also, p is A.M. between a and b

2p = a + b

= a2 2 + 2(a2 2)

a, p ' , b are in G.P.

Since f( ) and f( ) are of opposite sign and

is a root of the equation f(x) = 0,

Similarly,
and q ' =
p2 =

.... (4)

must lie between and .

Thus < < .

bc

(a + b)2 1
=
(a2 + b2 + 2ab); p ' 2 = ab
4
4

22. (B)

1 2 2
1 2 2
(a c 2b(a c)) =
(a c +
4
4
(a + c) (a c))
p2 q2 =

Thus, the extreme left place can be filled

up in 3 ways.
Now the remaining four places can be filled
up with the remaining four digits in 4P4
ways. By using the principle of association,
the required number of numbers formed

[Q a, b, c are in A.P, 2b = a + c]
1
(a2 c2)
2

= 3 4P4 = 3 4 = 3 4 3 2 1 = 72

p ' 2 q ' 2 = ab bc = b(a c)

(a + c)
1

(a c ) = (a2 c2)
2
2
2

p2 q2 = p ' q '

23. (C)

cos 6 + cos 4 + 5 cos 4 + 5 cos 2 + 10 cos 2 + 10

=
cos 5 + 5 cos 3 + 10 cos

Statement P, Cardinality of a singleton set

is 1, is true.
Statement Q, Cardinality of a null set is 0
is true.

The given expression

The given digits are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 which are

five in number.
Since we are to form the numbers that are
greater than 20000 and as no digits is to
be repeated, every such numbers contains
five digits and it must have 2, 3 or 4 at
extreme left.

(b + c)2 1
=
q2 =
(b2 + c2 + 2bc); q ' 2 = bc
4
4

[from (2)]

= 3a2 2 > 0
.... (3)

2q = b + c

f( ) = a2 2 + 2(b + c)

.... (2)

ab

[from (1)]

=a <0
2

Also, p ' is G.M. between a and b

p' =

.....(2)

= a2 2 + 2(a2 2)

.... (1)

a, p, b are in A.P.

20. (D)

Since is a root of the equation.

Hence (C) is the answer.

24. (C)

Let h be the height of the triangle.

Since, the area of the triangle is a2
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.. !.x ax h =a 2 ::::>h =2a

2

28. (C)

Since the base lies along th e line x = a, th e

vertex lies on the line parallel to th e base
at a distance 2a from it. So, the required
lines are
x = a 2a i.e., x = -a or x = 3a

25. (A)

The equation reduces to

E = (-1)(-2)(-2)2.... (-2)15

===>

29. (C)

E = 2 1+2+3+...15

Let th e last three numbers in A.P. be b,

b + 6, b + 12 and th e first number be a .
Hence the four numbers are a, b, b + 6,
b+ 12
Given, a = b + 12

:. Coefficient of x 15 in E is
2 1+2+3... 15 .

and a, b, b + 6 are in G.P. i.e., b2 = a(b + 6)

::::> b2 = (b + 12Xb + 6) [Since a = b + 12]

(-1-!. __!.__ __!_)

2

22

.... (i)

215

or 18b = - 72

=2

12
0

l(-1)~1
1-(~)

:. b = - 4
From (i), a = -4 + 12 = 8
Hence the four numbers are 8, -4, 2 and 8.
30. (A)

Since, (a + ib)5= a+ i P (given)

= - 2105(216 - 1) = 2105- 2121

26. (C)

We h ave, (1 + i)2n = (1 - i)2n

~ (1+~ )2n

~ t= (b - ta t = a+ tP

1-1

Taking conjugate through out, we h ave

::::> n = 2 is th e required smallest positive

integer .
27. (C)

We h ave, f( e ) = sin e (sin e + sin 3 e )

:. (b + ta t = P+ta
31. (C)

Let n be th e number of newspapers which

are read.
60n = (300X5)

= sin e (2sin2 e cos e )

===>

= sin 22 e ~ 0, for all real e

:. n = 25

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32. (A)

= p3 2( + + )p2 + 4 ( + + )

Let orthocentre be ( , ) .
Then, 3 =

2 (6) + 1
2+1

and 3 =

p 8

2 (2 ) + 1
2+1

= 3 and = 5

= p3 + 4pq 8r
39. (C)

tan(A B) =

Orthocentre is (3, 5).

33. (B)

We have, sin(A + B + C) = 1,

We have,

1
3

and sec (A + C) = 2

A + B + C = 90o, A B = 30o and A + C = 60o

cos A
cos B
cosC
+
+
sin Bsin C sin A sin C sin A sin B
sin A cos A + sin B cos B + sin C cosC
=
sin A sin B sin C

B = 30o, A = 60o and C = 0o

40. (D)

1
1
1
We have n n + 1 = n n + 1
(
)
1
1
1
1 2 + 2 3 + 3 4 + .......

sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C

=
2sin A sin Bsin C

34. (C)

A1 = {2}, A2 = {2, 4}, A3 = {2, 4, 6} and so on.

Therefore

35. (A)

= 1

(7C0 + 7C1) + (7C1 + 7C2) + ... + (7C6 + 7C7)

= 8C1 + 8C2 + .... + 8C7

= 1

= (8C0 + 8C1 + 8C2 + ... + 8C7 + 8C8) (8C0 + 8C8)

36. (A)

1 1 1 1 1
+ + + .....
2 2 3 3 4

= {2}

= 28 1 (1 + 1) = 28 2
Let x18 = y21 = z28 = k. Then,

1
2007 2008

4sin A sin Bsin C

=2
=
2sin A sin Bsin C

1
1

2007 2008

1
2007
=
2008 2008

Physics
41. (B)

wood

18 log x = 21 log y = 28 log z = log k

log y x =

u = 100 m s 1

21
18
28
, log z y =
, log x z =
18
28
21

m = 0.01 kg

7
9
3 logyx = , 3 logz y = 4, 7 logx z =
2
2

3, 3 logyz, 3 logz y = 4, 7 logxz are in A.P.

37. (C)

We have (x, y) R iff x + y < 6

Given the value x = 1, we get possible
values of y = 1, 2, 3, 4.
Thus 1R1, 1R2, 1R3, 1R4. Similarly we
may find other values. The set of such
ordered pairs is R
= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3),
(3, 1) (3, 2), (4, 1)}
n(R) = 10

38. (C)

+ + = p, + + = q , = r
( + )( + )( + )

42. (A)

v=0ms
t = 0.02 s

u = 100 m s1
v = 0 m s1
a=?
t = 0.02 s
v = u + at
0 = 100 + a 0.02
0.02 a = 100
a = 100 / 0.02
a = 5000 m s2
A bullet penetrating a wooden block
F=?
m = 0.01 kg a = 5000 m s2
F = ma
F = 0.01 ( 5000)
The average retarding force exerted by the
wood is 50 N.
T1 = 27 + 273 = 300 K

= (p 2 )(p 2 )(p 2 )
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T2 = 13 + 273 = 260 K
Coefficient of performance =

43. (B)

T2
260
260
=
=
= 6.5
T1 T2 300 260 40
On the surface of the earth
g=

GM
2

x = x1 + x2 = 40 km

48. (C)

Power =

; Weight mg = 99 N

R
At a height h above the earth
g' =

GM
(R + h)

, where h =

44. (B)

49. (C)

0.00 + 0.01 + 0.00 + 0.02 + 0.01 + 0.02 + 0.01 + 0.00

8
= 0.00875 = 0.01 mm

Here

51. (D)

4S 4S 4S

=
r1
r2
r

52. (B)

d 0.01
=
= 0.0256
d
0.39
Energy stored per unit volume

Relative error =

45. (B)

1
U = stress strain
2

1
strain
stress
2
Y

1
S 1 S2
= S =
2
Y 2Y
46. (B)

47. (B)

53. (C)

54. (A)

I r 2 / 3 MR 2 5
=
= >1
Is 2 / 5 MR 2 3

1
1
x1 = 30 km, x2 = 50 km
2
2

1 1 1 1 1 1
or r = r r = 4 5 = 20 or r = 20 cm
1
2

As no external torque acts on the system,

the angular momentum L is conserved. As
the beads slide down, the moment of inertia
of the system shall change. As L = I =
constant and I changes, therefore, would
change. As no work is being done, total
energy cannot change.
dm
= 10 kg s 1 , Vr = 5 km s1 (5000)
dt
M = 1500 kg, t = 50 s
a=

10 5000
= 50 m s 2
1500 10 50
Here, m = 0.5 kg, v= 1.5 m s1
K = 50 N m1
x=?
1
1
Kx2 = mv2
2
2

A raw egg behaves like a spherical shell and

a half boiled egg behaves like a solid sphere.

1
t
=
t 1011
1
1
t = 11 t = 11 1011 = 1
10
10
or t = 1 s
Hence, maximum difference in time
between two such clocks = 2 s
One may be 1 s faster and the other may be
1 s slower.

50. (B)

0.39 + 0.38 + 0.39 + 0.41 + 0.38 + 0.37 + 0.40 + 0.39

8

Mean absolute error = d =

100 6125
= 8166.67 W
75
On the surface of the earth, the atmospheric
pressure is quite high. The astronauts will
feel great discomfort if they move on the
earth immediately after coming back from
the moon. To avoid it, they need to get used
to normal air pressure gradually. That is
why, they have to live for some days in a
caravan with the air pressure lower than
outside.

Mean diameter =

d = 0.38875 mm
= 0.39 mm (rounded off to two significant
figures)
Absolute error in the first reading =
0.39 0.39 = 0.00 mm
Similarly finding the absolute error in the
other seven readings and taking the mean;

W mgh 1500 9.8 50

=
=
t
t
2 60

= 6125 W
Power of the engine operating the lift

R
2

g'
R2
R2
R2
=
=
=
2
9 2
g (R + h )2
R
R
R + 2
4

4g
g' =
9
4g
4
= mg
Weight = mg ' = m
9
9
4
Here mg = 99 N = 99 = 44 N
9

40 km
x
= 40 km h 1
=
1h
t
Mass m = 1500 kg, h = 50 m
t = 2 60 = 120 s
v=

m
0.5
= 1.5
= 0.15 m
K
50
Relative velocity of overtaking =
x= v

55. (A)

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56. (D)
57. (B)

40 m s1 30 m s1 = 10 m s1 .
Total distance covered with this relative
velocity during overtaking will be =
100 m + 200 m = 300 m.
Time taken t = 300 m/10 m s1 = 30 s
Specific heat (in cal/g/oC) : Copper (0.09)
Aluminium (0.21), Iron (0.11), Lead (0.03).
Error in time period is

a=+g,s=h

v 22 = u 2 + 2gh
v12

u 2 + 2gh
=
=1
v22 u 2 + 2gh
63. (C)

T= (0.1/20)s = 0.005 s.
Also T = (20 s / 20) = 1s

t=

T 0.005
=
= 0.005 100% = 0.5%
Hence
T
1

58. (B)

Cm =

64. (B)

or

65. (C)

1
1
1
m1 u12 + m 2 u 22 ( m1 + m 2 ) 2
2
2
2

1
40 16 + 60 4 100 2.8 2 = 48 J

2
Temperature of source =
T1 = 100 + 273 = 373 K
Temperature of sink =
T2 = 30 + 273 = 303 K
T1 T2
T1

373 303
= 0.188 = 18.8%
373
The vertical displacement of the two stones
and their initial velocities are the same. So,
the final velocity acquired by them should
also be equal.
For the stone thrown vertically upwards
a = g, s = h
=

62. (A)

v12 = u 2 + 2 as
v12 = u 2 + 2 ( g )( h ) = u 2 + 2gh

For the stone thrown vertically downwards,

dT1
dT
= K 2 A2 2
dx1
dx 2

K1 = (100 ) = K2 ( 0 )

m1u1 + m 2u 2 40 4 + 60 2
=
m1 + m 2
40 + 60

Efficiency = =

dQ1 dQ2
=
dt
dt

K1 A1

= 2.8 m s1
Loss in K.E. =

61. (A)

K1 2
Here dx1 = dx2 , A1 = A2, K = 3
2

As

or g ' = 2 g = 2 9.8 = 19.6 m s2

60. (C)

2 2
R
5

Let be the temp. of the junction.

GM

g ' 2
= =2
g

g sin

tS < tSC < tHC

G 4
4
= 2 R3 = GR ,
2
3
3
R
R
i.e. g
g=

For solid sphere (S), K2 =

If change in temperature is T , then

59. (A)

2l 1 + K 2 / R2

For solid cylinder (SC), K2 = R2 / 2

For hollow cylinder (HC), K2 = R2

3
5
R, Cdi = R .
2
2

3
5
1 R T + 1 R T = 2 Cv T
2
2
This gives Cv = 2 R

v1 : v2 = 1 : 1
Time taken in reaching bottom of incline is

K1
2

=
=
K 2 100 3

3 = 200 2 ; 5 = 200 ; = 40 oC
m = 3 kg, u = 10 m s1 , v = 0
Impulse = F t = ?
Impulse = Change in momentum
F t = m(v u)
= 3 [0 10 ] = 30 N s

Chemistry
66. (C)

The set of elements given in options (A), (B)

and (D) have decreasing atomic radius.
o

Atomic radius in ( A )
Oxygen 0.73
Sulphur 1.09
Selenium 1.16
Tellurium 1.35
As the atomic number increases within a
group, the atomic size increases
accordingly.
67. (D) All the alkali metals and their salts impart
colour to bunsen flame. The colours
imparted by different alkali metals are as
follows.
Element
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Colour Crimson Golden Pale
Red Bluish
red
yellow violet violet

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When heat energy is supplied to alkali metal

atom or ion in salt, the electronic excitation
occurs in which electron jumps to higher
energy level. When this excited electron deexcites to ground state, the energy is
emitted in the form of electromagnetic
radiation which lies in visible region thereby
imparting colour to the flame. The colour
of flame depends upon the wavelength of
radiation emitted e.g., yellow D-line of Naspectra arises from 3s 1 -7 3p 1 transition.
68. (A)

*69. (C)
70. (D)
71. (B)

CO= N 2 = w g :. n 1 (CO)=

73. (B)

HN0 3 is added to decompose Na 2S and

NaCN otherwise N~S will give black ppt.
of Ag2S and NaCN will give white ppt. of
AgCN which would interfere with the test
of halogens.
2-Ethylanthraquinol -7
2-Ethylanthraquinone + 2Hp2

74. (A)

28

-...:...._---:::---~

C : H = 12 x 100 = 1 x100 = 1 : 1
13x12
13x1
:. E.F. = CH
Since, P decolourises Br2-~0, but Q does
not, therefore, P = C 2H 2 (acetylene) and
Q = C6H 6 (benzene).
According to Fajan's rule, the covalent
bonding is maximum when W+ is small and
X-is large.
TiHL
is a non-stoichiometric metallic or
73
interstitial hydride.
Except lime (50 - 60%), the major
constituent of cement is silica (20 - 25%).
(a) It is exact neutralisation. Hence,
pH=7.

76. (A)
Only coloured salts will form coloured metal
metaborates.
BF3 is triangular planar and B2H is a dimer
of triangular planar molecu)e (BH 3),
therefore, both of these have zero dipole
moment. NH 3 and NF3 , on the other hand
have pyramidal structures and thus have
dipole moments.

77. (B)
78. (A)
79. (A)

~'

80. (D)

JJ.= 1.46D

(b) After neutralisation,

In NH3, the dipole moments of the three

N-H bOnds reinforce the dipole moment due
to lone pair of electrons but in NF 3, the
dipole moments of the three N-F oonds
oppose the dipole moment due to lone pair
of electrons. As a result, dipole moment of
NH3 ( J.l= 1.46 D) is higher than that ofNF3
( J.l= 0.24 D).
Rise in temperature,

HCZleft

= 10 rnl.
Total volume = 100 ml
Dilution = 10 times.
:. [H+] = lQ-2

or pH= 2
(c) After neutralisition,

~ NaOH left

= 80 ml.

~t

= (300.78 K- 294.05 K) = 6.73 K

Heat capacity of the calorimeter =
8.93kJK-1
Then,
Heat transferred to calorimeter =
Heat capacity of calorimeter x Rise in
temperature
= 8.93 kJ K-1 X 6.73 K
= 60.1 kJ
*69. (C)

[Nof

= 3 x 10-3 mol L-1

\It

72. (B)

2
1
(1.2x10- molLc- [N204]- 4.8x1o-2 mol L-1

K-

75. (C)

Total volume= 100 ml. pH> 7.

(d) After neutralisation,

~ HCZleft

=50 ml.
Total volume = 100 ml
Dilution = 2 times

The sum of mass % is 99.8. Hence, there is no oxygen in the given compound.
Element

Mass%

Atomic mass

Atomic ratio

Simplest ratio

Simplest whole
number ratio

64.4

12

64.4 I 12 = 5.37

5.37 I 0.53 = 10.1

10

5.5

5.511 = 5.5

5.5 I 0.53 = 10.4

10

Fe

29.9

56

29.9 I 56 = 0.53

0.53 I 0.53 = 1

Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is C 10H 10Fe.

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1
= 101 M or pH = 1
10
BaO2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2O2
In this reaction, none of the elements
undergo, a change in oxidation number or
valency.
[H+] =

81. (C)

82. (A)
83. (C)

Structure of B2H6 contains four 2c - 2e bonds

and two 3c 2e bonds.
Molar mass of acetylene (C2H2),
M = (2 12 + 2 1 ) g/mol = 26 g/mol
Mass of acetylene, m= 5.0 g
Temperature, T = (50 oC + 273) = 323 K
Pressure, P = 740 mm Hg =

85. (B)
86. (D)

87. (A)
88. (B)
89. (C)

X=

740
atm
760

m
RT
M

1
[5 + 5 0 + 0] = 5
2
Hybridization of P in PCl5 is sp3d.

X=

m RT
V=
MP
5.0g 0.082 L atm K 1mol 1 323K
26 g mol1 0.9737 atm

= 5.23 L
84. (A)

1
= [VE + MA c + a]
2

1
[5 + 3 0 + 0] = 4
2
Hybridization of P in PCl3 is sp3 .
For PCl5.

= 0.9737 atm
Using the gas equation,
PV = nRT =

32 0.233

100 = 10
233 0.32
I has the tendency to lose as well as gain
electrons. Oxidation states of
Cs = +1
F = 1, 0
Xe = Nil
I = 1, 0, +1, +3, +5, +7
NH4+ is a conjugate acid of the base NH3.
Cs with low IE is used in photoelectric cells.
For PCl3,

% of S =

90. (B)

Due to the poor shielding (screening) effect

of d-electrons in case of Ga, the valence
electrons are attracted more strongly and
hence, the size is not increased.

c 3 108 m s1
=
v 589 109 m
= 5.1 1014 s1 (or Hz)
c = v or =

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