Chap 011

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500
Chapter 11
The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500
Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which was the worst of the calamities that befell Europe in the late Middle Ages?
A. economic depression
B. the plague
C. widespread famine
D. ravaging by renegade feudal armies
2. Which two countries fought in the Hundred Years' War?

A. England and Spain
B. England and Italy
C. Italy and Germany
D. England and France
3. The Black Death of the fourteenth century was

A. AIDS.
B. tuberculosis.
C. bubonic plague.
D. smallpox.
4. As a result of the devastating plague, the leading image in late medieval art and literature
became the
A. Dance of Death.
B. Final Judgment.
C. Garden of Eden.
D. Fountain of Youth.
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5. Which of the following cities was NOT a source of claimed papal authority during the
years of the Great Schism?
A. London
B. Rome
C. Pisa
D. Avignon
6. Which was the leading industry of the late Middle Ages?

A. manufacture of rag paper
B. the iron industry
C. leather tanning
D. hand-loomed textile manufacturing
7. Which was an important technological innovation made in the late Middle Ages?
A. the wheel
B. the steam engine
C. the printing press
D. gunpowder
8. Which was a consequence of the Hundred Years' War?

A. England was forced to cede its overseas lands to France.
B. The dukes of Burgundy were brought under French control.
C. France acquired Brittany through marriage.
D. All these answers are correct.
9. Which heroic figure emerged in the Hundred Years' War?

A. Joan of Arc
B. Henry II
C. Philip II
D. Henry VII
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10. During most of the fourteenth century, the popes ruled the church from
A. Rome.
B. Avignon.
C. Milan.
D. Madrid.
11. Which was a threat to papal power during the late Middle Ages?
A. unhappiness with the location of the Avignon papacy
B. the Great Schism
C. the conciliar movement
D. All these answers are correct.
12. What was the Great Schism?

A. the roughly forty-year period in which there were two and sometimes three popes, each
claiming papal authority
B. the roughly seventy-year period when the popes ruled from Avignon
C. the split in the church when the Orthodox separated from Roman Catholicism
D. the division in the church between Protestants and Catholics, started by Martin Luther
13. Late medieval religion was characterized by all of these EXCEPT

A. the rise of lay piety.
B. powerful monastic reform.
C. the emergence of new heresies.
D. the Inquisition.
14. Among the most important expressions of the "new devotion" or devotio moderna were
the works of
A. John Wycliffe.
B. Thomas Kempis.
C. Jan Hus.
D. William of Ockham.
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15. The Hussite heresy flourished among the ________ people.

A. English
B. Czech
C. Polish
D. French
16. What was the Inquisition?

A. a crusade dedicated to recapturing Christian sites in Palestine from Muslims
B. a church court devoted to identifying and eliminating heretics in Europe
C. a university committee that tested graduate students prior to awarding doctoral degrees
D. a pilgrimage route stretching from southern France to the cathedral in Santiago, Spain
17. In late medieval theology, the via moderna

A. urged the combination of faith and reason.
B. ignored reason altogether and concentrated on faith.
C. advocated the complete separation of faith and reason.
D. supported the system of Thomas Aquinas.
18. What was Ockham's "razor"?

A. a technological breakthrough that allowed for more efficient shaves
B. a philosophical method for eliminating superfluous information
C. a literary device used by critics to dissect poetry
D. a military formation employed during the Hundred Years' War
19. Which medieval thinker pioneered the experimental system in science?

A. Roger Bacon
B. William of Ockham
C. Duns Scotus
D. John Wycliffe
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20. Who of the following is most closely associated with an altarpiece completed for the
cathedral at Ghent and involving more than a dozen hinged panels?
A. Jan van Eyck
B. Giotto
C. Cimabue
D. Claus Sluter
21. Which of the following is the more formal name for a church's bell tower?
A. buttress
B. campanile
C. narthex
D. nave
22. The author of The Decameron was

A. Petrarch.
B. Boccaccio.
C. Langland.
D. Chaucer.
23. The Decameron helped bring into existence the modern

A. novel.
B. short story.
C. verse-drama.
D. comic play.
24. Which of the following reflected the social tensions caused by the 1381 Peasants' Revolt?
A. Petrarch's My Secret
B. Boccaccio's The Decameron
C. Langland's The Vision of Piers Plowman
D. Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales
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25. What is the setting for The Canterbury Tales?

A. a castle outside Canterbury
B. a journey to Canterbury
C. a harem at Canterbury
D. a monastery at Canterbury
26. Chaucer's Canterbury pilgrims

A. are drawn exclusively from the upper classes.
B. are drawn exclusively from the lower classes.
C. represent all walks of medieval society.
D. represent idealized portraits of medieval types.
27. Which fourteenth-century thinker used logic and theoretical models to demonstrate that
the Earth could revolve around the sun (though he ultimately rejected his own arguments)?
A. Roger Bacon
B. William of Ockham
C. Duns Scotus
D. Nicholas Oresme
28. Chaucer's pilgrims intend to visit whose tomb?

A. Sir Thomas More
B. William of Kent
C. John of Gaunt
D. Thomas Becket
29. Christine de Pizan, in The Book of the City of Ladies, argues that women should
A. have financial independence.
B. be educated.
C. be given the right to vote.
D. give up their traditional role.
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30. Who of the following wrote a collection of love lyrics and sonnets known as the
Canzoniere, or Songbook?
A. Giovanni Boccaccio
B. Francesco Petrarch
C. Geoffrey Chaucer
D. Christine de Pizan
31. The hallmark of late Gothic builders was to

A. return to the basics of the Gothic style.
B. treat in a balanced manner the Gothic style's fundamental elements.
C. push the Gothic style to extravagant limits.
D. continue the aesthetic goals of the High Gothic style.
32. In which of the following nations was the late Gothic style of architecture known as the
Perpendicular style because of its dramatic emphasis on verticality?
A. Italy
B. Spain
C. France
D. England
33. Late Gothic architecture in France culminated in the

A. Flamboyant style.
B. Perpendicular style.
C. Exuberant style.
D. Vertical style.
34. Late Gothic architecture in England is called the

A. Flamboyant style.
B. Perpendicular style.
C. Exuberant style.
D. Vertical style.
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35. A unique feature of England's late Gothic architecture was

A. calligraphic ornamentation.
B. fan vaulting.
C. circular towers.
D. atriums in the vestibules.
36. Which artist or artists contributed to the rise of printmaking in late medieval Germany?
A. Jan van Eyck
B. Hans Memling
C. the Limbourg brothers
D. the Housebook Master
37. ________ turned painting in a new direction, one that led to the Renaissance.
A. The Limbourg brothers
B. Cimabue
C. Giotto
D. Jan van Eyck
38. The painter Giotto achieved all of the following EXCEPT

A. a three-dimensional art.
B. full expression of human emotions.
C. naturalistic treatment of figures.
D. mathematical perspective.
39. Fifteenth-century Flemish art was primarily concerned with

A. achieving reality through symbolic detail.
B. psychological truth.
C. abstract purity.
D. idealized perfection.
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40. Machaut's Notre Dame Mass was the first version of the Mass Ordinary by a known
composer that was of what nature?
A. polyphonic
B. monophonic
C. secular
D. ars nova
41. The paintings of Hans Memling can be characterized as

A. serene and graceful religious images, filled with symbolism.
B. scenes of domestic life.
C. ambiguous in their moral message.
D. foreshadowing High Renaissance art.
42. Which of the following artistic methods involved using a sharp tool to draw an image onto
a metal plate overlaid with wax, dipping the plate in acid, and then printing it?
A. illumination
B. engraving
C. drypoint
D. sculpting
43. Hams Memling was particularly celebrated for what aspect of his Madonna paintings?
A. secular vision
B. realism
C. piety
D. symbolism
44. What state or region was most successful in imitating the French and English model of
state centralization and government?
A. Scandinavia
B. Germany
C. Spain
D. Italy
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45. What condition, beginning in 1315, exacerbated the effects of the plague in Europe?
A. invasion by Muslim armies
B. famine
C. rampant civil wars
D. a string of bitter winters
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Essay Questions
46. Discuss the political, social, and religious changes from 1300 to 1500. How did these
changes affect the arts of the period? Use at least two examples from painting, architecture,
literature, or sculpture.
Answers will vary
47. What natural and human calamities occurred during the fourteenth century?
Answers will vary
48. In what way were the foundations of the modern world laid in the late Middle Ages?
Answers will vary
49. Discuss the contributions of Flemish artists in the fifteenth century, concentrating on the
works of Jan van Eyck.
Answers will vary
50. Why were the English and French rulers able to unify their countries in the fifteenth
century? Why did other rulers want to imitate them?
Answers will vary
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51. Why did the church decline during the late Middle Ages? How did this religious decline
affect the age's society?
Answers will vary
52. How did developments in late medieval science and philosophy foreshadow the end of the
medieval world and the beginning of a new era in intellectual life?
Answers will vary
53. What were the most significant technological advances of the late Middle Ages?
Answers will vary
54. Compare and contrast the works of Boccaccio and Chaucer.

Answers will vary
55. Identify the characteristics of late Gothic sculpture. Choose a work by Pisano or Sluter
and show how it expresses this style.
Answers will vary
56. Using an example of literature from the late Middle Ages, show how the work reflected
the changing values of this period.
Answers will vary
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Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

Multiple Choice Questions

2. Which two countries fought in the Hundred Years' War?

3. The Black Death of the fourteenth century was

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

6. Which was the leading industry of the late Middle Ages?

8. Which was a consequence of the Hundred Years' War?

9. Which heroic figure emerged in the Hundred Years' War?

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

12. What was the Great Schism?

13. Late medieval religion was characterized by all of these EXCEPT

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

15. The Hussite heresy flourished among the ________ people.

16. What was the Inquisition?

17. In late medieval theology, the via moderna

18. What was Ockham's "razor"?

19. Which medieval thinker pioneered the experimental system in science?

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

22. The author of The Decameron was

23. The Decameron helped bring into existence the modern

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

25. What is the setting for The Canterbury Tales?

26. Chaucer's Canterbury pilgrims

28. Chaucer's pilgrims intend to visit whose tomb?

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

31. The hallmark of late Gothic builders was to

33. Late Gothic architecture in France culminated in the

34. Late Gothic architecture in England is called the

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

35. A unique feature of England's late Gothic architecture was

38. The painter Giotto achieved all of the following EXCEPT

39. Fifteenth-century Flemish art was primarily concerned with

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

41. The paintings of Hans Memling can be characterized as

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

Chapter 11 - The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Recovery, 1300-1500

54. Compare and contrast the works of Boccaccio and Chaucer.

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