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(C p T )
x
+ Vy
(C p T )
y
)=
(k
)+
(k
)
y
y
x
x
(1)
Where
T: temperature
I. INTRODUCTION
k: thermal conductivity
: density
Cp: special heat
: viscosity
In (1), oil properties vary with temperature [9], [10]. The
temperature dependence of oil properties are given:
= a1 exp(
a2
)
T + 273
(2)
C p = a3 + a 4 T
(3)
= a5 + a6 T
(4)
k = a 7 + a8 T
(5)
= a9
(6)
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TABLE III. OIL CONSTANTS
Continuity Equation:
V x V y
+
=0
x
y
(7)
Oil constant
Transformer oil
a1
0.0000013573
a2
2797.3
Momentum Equations:
.(V x
V y
V x
V
V
V
P
+ Vy x ) =
+ ( (2 x ) + ( x +
))
x
y
x
x
x
y
y
x
(8)
V y
V y
V
V
V
P
.(V x x + V y x ) = + ( ( x + ) + (2 )) + g (T Tref )
x
y
y x
y
x y
y
(9)
Where P is pressure and g is gravitational acceleration.
a3
1960
a4
4.005
a5
887
a6
-0.659
a7
0.124
a8
-0.0001525
a9
0.00086
2T
2T
+ ky 2 + Q = 0
2
x
y
(10)
Q = Q0 [1 + c (T Tref )]
10
12
28
1.2
(11)
K = k x2 + k y2
2
50KVA
20kV
400V
1.44A
72A
log r n
Where
r
r
r
log r
log
log
r
r
r
(
+
+ ... +
k
k
k
k k (t + t )
k = (t
k +t k )
1
n 1
(12)
cu
in
in
cu
cu
in
Losses (w)
Value
Core
158
DC of LV windings
384
DC of HV windings
534
64
cu
in
I r2 Rl + 1 n
)
Rl + 1
(13)
I
I rated
Ir =
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(14)
The exponent n depends upon the cooling state. The
loading guide recommends the use of n=0.8 for natural
convection and n=0.9-1.0 for forced cooling.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Tb ,oil
55
50
45
40
0.2
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.005
0
Height of HV winding(m)
0
Radial thickness of HV winding(m)
(15)
100
0.015
0.1
T Tb ,oil
60
0.15
65
80
70
60
50
40
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
Load(p.u.)
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Figure.5 HST Rise over bottom oil temperature versus load at Tamb=25(c)
TABLE IV. HST (C) MAGNITUDES AT TAMB=25(C)
Load (p.u.)
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Proposed
51.72
58.35
65.71
73.78
82.54
91.99
102.15
113.01
124.59
136.91
Analytical [9]
53
56
66
75
80
93
101
115
125
139
Experimental [11]
50
81
90
99
-
IV. CONCLUSION
42
40
[1]
38
36
34
32
[2]
30
28
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
Height of LV winding(m)
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
0.012
[3]
[4]
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[5]
[6]
Radakovic Z., Feser K.; "A new method for the calculation of the hotspot temperature in power transformers with ONAN cooling", IEEE
Transactions on Power Delivery, 2003, Vol. 18, No. 4,, pp. 19.
[7]
[8]
[9]