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November 2012
I.
SCOPE
This technical description covers the characteristics, design features
and testing of 400 kV, outdoor, oil-type shunt reactors.
II.
KEYWORDS
Shunt Reactors, Capacitive Current Compensation, Voltage Control.
III.
STANDARDS
Unless otherwise specified herein, all reactor characteristics and
testing shall conform to the latest revision of IEC 60076-6, 60076-3,
60076-4 standards.
IV.
OPERATING CONDITIONS
1.
2.
Installation
Ambient Temperature
:
:
3.
4.
5.
Altitude
Other Conditions
Pollution Level
:
:
:
-1-
Outdoor
Minimum (-25oC)
Maximum (+45oC)
Up to 1000m above sea level
Snow and Ice
Moderate
V.
USE
The shunt reactors are to be used on the system to compensate for
capacitive current and also for compensating of reactive power.
VI.
: 400KV
: 420KV
: 380KV
: 50Hz
:3
: 40KA
: 1sec.
: 1550KV (peak)
: 1175KV (peak)
: 0.2Hz
: 220V D.C. (from
substation batteries)
12. Available auxiliary A.C. supply voltage : 3 phase,
(4 conductors
230/400V A.C.)
13. Power frequency withstand voltage (1min) : 680KV (r.m.s.)
14. Method of earthing (grounding)
: Solidly grounded
Design Characteristics
a.
Type
b.
c.
d.
e.
: Three-phase wye
connected oilimmersed type with
the neutral directly
grounded.
Rated Voltage (Ur)
: 400 kV
Highest voltage for equipment (Um): 420 kV
Maximum operating voltage (Umax): 420 kV
(105% of rated)
Rated Power at 400 kV : 30 Mvar or 50 Mvar
-2-
f.
g.
h.
or 60 Mvar
Rated Frequency
: 50 Hz
Rated Current at 400 kV : 43.3A or 72.2A or 86.6A
Rated Reactance
: 5333 Ohm or 3200 Ohm
or 2667 Ohm
Neutral
Terminal
1425kV crest
325kV crest
Bushing
1550kV crest
325kV crest
Switching impulse
withstand voltage
Line
Neutral
Terminal
1050kV crest
--
Bushing
1175kV crest
--
630kV rms
-3-
Neutral
140kV rms
Bushing
i.
j.
k.
2.
680kV rms
140kV rms
Magnetic Characteristics
The shunt reactors must exhibit linear volt/ampere
characteristic up to 120 percent (120%) of their rated voltage.
3.
Zero-Sequence Reactance
The ratio of the zero-sequence to the positive sequence
reactance (X0/X1) of the shunt reactors shall lie between 0.95
and 1.0
4.
-4-
5.
Harmonics
Shunt reactors shall be designed with particular attention to the
suppression of harmonics, especially the second, third and fifth.
The maximum permissible value of the third harmonic
component of the reactor current shall be < 3% of the crest
value of the fundamental at rated sinusoidal voltage.
6.
Voltage Variation
The reactors shall be designed to operate at 105% of their rated
voltage continuously, without exceeding the specified
temperature rise limits.
7.
8.
9.
Reactors oil
The reactors insulation oil will be mineral and in accordance
with the latest IEC 60296 class II Standard. It shall be non-toxic
and biodegradable without PCBs or PCTs etc.
10.
Reactors color
The reactors color including radiators should be gray of 7040
RAL type and with color of thickness 120m 20m.
-5-
VIII. ACCESSORIES
1. Bushings
The design of bushings will be in accordance with the IEC 60137
Standard.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-6-
H.V.
420
Neutral
72,5
242
42
800
25Ir
1250
25Ir
2.5Ith
2.5Ith
2000
1000
12600
1820
30 from
vertical
105 C
Class A
30 from
vertical
105 C
Class A
0.007
0.007
10pC
10pC
1550
325
1175
680
140
Accessories:
Bushings will be equipped with the accessories below:
a. Oil level indicator.
b. Test tap (tan tap) suitable for measurement of the dielectric
dissipation factor, capacitance and partial discharge value of
the bushing. The test tap will be electrically isolated from the
mounting flange and will be always earthed directly when it
is not used.
c. Air release plug.
d. Oil expansion compensator.
e. Oil sampling and oil filling plugs.
f. Lifting lugs if required by the manufacturer and there are no
other means of lifting the bushings.
-8-
1.7
Note
Bushings with insulating housing which consists of a resin
impregnated fibre tube and silicon rubber covering can be
accepted providing they cover the requirements of paragraph
VIII-1
1.8
Manufactures name.
1.9
Tests
The manufacturer of the reactor is obliged to present to the
IPTO inspector the bushings test reports while the inspector is
at the manufacturers premises for the inspection and testing.
The test reports which are to be presented shall include the
following type, routine and special tests:
The tests will be in accordance with IEC 60137 Standard
A. Type tests
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
B. Routine tests
Measurement of dielectric dissipation factor (tan) and
capacitance at ambient temperature
Lightning impulse voltage withstand test
Power frequency voltage withstand test
Measurement of partial discharge quantity
Test of tap insulation
Tightness test
Visual inspection and dimensional check
C. Special tests
- 10 -
Bushing
Line
Neutral
Ratio
100 / 1-1
100 / 1A
100 / 1A
Total No.
of CTs
Cores
6
3
1
Burden
30VA
30VA
30VA
Accuracy
class
5P20
0.5
5P20
- 11 -
5. Additional Accessories
Reactors shall be equipped with the following accessories and
features:
a.
b.
c.
- 12 -
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
IX.
Type of reactor.
Outdoor/indoor application.
Manufacturer's name.
Serial Number.
Year of manufacture.
Number of phases.
Rated Power.
Rated Frequency.
- 13 -
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
X.
Rated Voltage.
Rated Current.
Maximum operating voltage.
Insulation level (BIL).
Winding connection.
Reactance at rated voltage (measured value).
Type of cooling.
Total mass.
Mass of insulating oil.
Transportation mass.
Untanking mass.
Zero-sequence reactance.
Mutual reactance.
TESTS
Any rectriction concerning the test performance capability (e.g due to
the laboratorys sufficiency itself) will be stated along with the offer.
The following tests shall be carried out for the shunt reactors:
A. Routine Tests
1. Measurement of winding resistance
2. Measurement of reactance.
3. Measurement of losses at rated voltage and frequency (50 Hz)
4. Lightning Impulse Tests on Line Windings
The impulse test-sequence is applied to each of the line
windings.
The other line windings and the neutral shall be earthed
directly or through low impedance.
The lightning impulse test shall precede the low frequency
tests. The impulse test voltage shall be a 1.2/50 s wave of
negative polarity.
The test sequence of the different impulses shall be as follows:
- One reduced full impulse : For this test, the applied voltage
wave shall have a crest value between 50% and 75% of
1425 kV.
- 14 -
Three 100% full impulses : For this test the applied voltage
wave shall have a crest value of 1425 kV.
- 15 -
- 16 -
4.
5.
2.
3.
- 17 -
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Description
1.
2.
3.
4.
- 18 -
XIV. PACKING
The accessories of the reactors will be packet inside robust, entirely
closed, wooden boxes, of at least 20mm thickness and maximum gross
weight of 5 tons.
The boxes will be of pallet type and they will be protected internally by an
insulating material (e.g.nylon).
The oil will be sent inside barrels and also the instruments, control and
protection equipment will be sent inside separate boxes as above.
- 19 -
Applicable Standards
-----------------------
2.
-----------------------
3.
--------------kV rms
4.
--------------kV rms
5.
--------------Mvar
6.
Rated Frequency
-------------- Hz
7.
-------------- A
8.
Rated Reactance
--------------
9.
Method of Cooling
--------------
--------------
--------------
--------------
--------------
- 20 -
:
:
--------------------------- dB
----------- m
--------------
:
:
:
----------------------------------------
-------------- oC
-------------- oC
:
:
-------/-----kV crest
------/------kV crest
-------/-----kV crest
:
:
-------/-----kV rms
-------/-----kV rms
------------ kW
------------ kW
ambient
- 21 -
25. Bushings
a.
b.
Line bushings
Type
Manufacturer
Lightning impulse withstand
voltage
Switching impulse withstand
voltage
50 Hz withstand voltage
(1 minute)
Creepage distance
Rated current
Color of porcelain
Neutral Bushing
Type
Manufacturer
Lightning impulse withstand
voltage
Creepage distance
50 Hz withstand voltage
(1 minute)
Rated current
Color of porcelain
:
:
-----------------------
------------ kV crest
------------ kV crest
:
:
:
:
------------ kV rms
------------ mm
------------ A
---------------------
:
:
-------------------------
:
:
------------ kV crest
------------ mm
:
:
:
------------ kV rms
------------ A
---------------------
Line
CT
Neutral
CT
Ratio
Burden
Accuracy class
Manufacturer
Type of protection
Secondary resistance
- 22 -
CT
Magnetizing current
Knee-point voltage
27. Supervisory and Protection Equipment
a.
Buchholz relay
Type
Manufacturer
:
:
-----------------------
:
:
-----------------------
:
:
-----------------------
:
:
-----------------------
:
:
:
----------------------------------
------------
29.
------------
:
:
:
:
--------------------------- kg
-------------- kg
-------------- kg
--------------
b.
c.
d.
e.
- 23 -
Untanking weight
Over-all height
Total shipping weight
Oil in tank for shipping
Describe with what the reactors
tank will be filled for transport
purposes
:
:
:
:
-------------- kg
--------------------------- kg
-------------- kg
-------------- kg
--------------
--------------
-------------
-------------
- 24 -
1.2.
2.
C = --------- kW
1.
2.
Capacity loss
(at 116,7 per kilowatt-year)
______ . C = _______
Energy loss (at 0,0438 per kWh) ____ . C .7500 h =____
Total annual cost
(1+2+3) (the sum)= _____
3.
4.
3.
- 25 -