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Glossary
The problem with steel beam design is at first glance it is really really simple. Then you get into lateral torsional
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buckling, web buckling, etc and it's like you're trying to read a book while it's on fire. The 9th edition AISC steel
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manual did a decent job at breaking down how to analyze for the various failure criteria, but with the 13th edition
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it became very difficult to get things done right (not to mention the fact that at times the steel manual will
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reference other books if you'd like to proceed). But that is neither here nor there, I will do my best to explain how
best to solve for a beam by hand.
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http://www.wikiengineer.com/Structural/SteelBeamDesign
10/3/2014
Page 2 of 3
Steel I Beam
Beam Design
Steel Sections
Design of a simple beam (using ASD?) can be done one of two ways:
1) Find the allowable moment acting on the beam:For Compact Sections with adequate lateral and vertical
support, the nominal flexural strength of a steel beam is:
Mn = FyZx
where:
Mn = The Nominal Moment (note this is not the design moment)
Fy = The Yield Strength of the Steel (e.g. 36 ksi, 46 ksi, 50 ksi)
Zx = The Plastic Section Modulus in the x or strong axis. Zx is similar to the Section Modulus of a member
(it is usually a minimum of 10% greater than the Section Modulus) (in3)
The Nominal Moment will be modified by the Safety Factor (b) to become:
Mn = Mn
1 67
b
where:
M = Your Design Moment
b = The Safety Factor for Elements in Bending = 1.67
EXAMPLE #1:
Given an A36 W-member that is compact and properly braced, with a Plastic Section Modulus of 41 in3 find the
allowable Moment.
Hide Solution
Note that A36 steel has a yield strength of 36 ksi and then:
1) Take Mn = Fy * Zx = 36 ksi * 41 in3 = 1476 k-in
http://www.wikiengineer.com/Structural/SteelBeamDesign
10/3/2014
Page 3 of 3
Mn =
b
1476k in
1 67
= 884 k-in
fb = M
Zx
Fb = Fy
= F1y67
fb
0 6 Fy
Fb
fb = M
Zx
Fb
0 6 Fy
where:
fb = The computed stress in the beam in bending
M = The maximum moment acting on the beam
Zx = The Plastic Section Modulus in the x or strong axis. Zx is similar to the Section Modulus of a member
(it is usually a minimum of 10% greater than the Section Modulus) (in3)
Fb = The allowable stress of the beam in bending
Fy = The Yield Strength of the Steel (e.g. 36 ksi, 46 ksi, 50 ksi)
b = The Safety Factor for Elements in Bending = 1.67
EXAMPLE #2:
Given an A50 W-member that is compact and properly braced, with a Plastic Section Modulus of 18.5 in3 and a
moment of 141 k-in. Does the member work? What is it's design ratio?
Hide Solution
Note that A50 steel has a yield strength of 50 ksi and then:
1) Take fb = M / Zx = 141 k-in / 18.5 in3 = 7.62 ksi
ksi
2) Using the Safety Factor b: Fb = Fyb = 1 50
67
= 30 ksi
3) Since fb < Fb then the member's demand is less than capacity and therefore it is within the allowable
bending stress of the beam.
4) To find the Design ratio take fb / Fb = 7.62 ksi / 30 ksi = 0.254
The member is at 25.4% capacity
http://www.wikiengineer.com/Structural/SteelBeamDesign
10/3/2014