Chapter 2

Summative Exercise
1. John, sitting on a chair has his left leg crossed over the right
leg at the knee. Ahmad uses a small wooden hammer and
knocks Johns left leg at the knee below the knee cap.
(a) State how Johns leg responds to the knock
(b) What do we call this type of response shown by Johns leg?
(c) State the sequence of the pathway numbered part (i) to (iv) shown in the diagram indicate
the nervous pathway for the action
(d) Name a neurone which has not played a role in this nervous reaction
(e) State two places in the body where this type of neurone is found
(f) Name the gap labelled P in the diagram
(g) State one of its function
(h) State one uses for the type of reaction shown by Johns leg

2. The table below shows the quantity of the hormone adrenaline released into the
bloodstream of a person
Time
(minute)
Quantity of
adrenaline
(g/min)

20

40

120

50

25

(a) Draw a graph to show the quantity of adrenaline released against time
(b) From the graph, state the quantity of adrenaline released in the third minute
(c) Suggest a situation which can cause a person to release more adrenaline
(d) State one effect on the body when the adrenaline level is high
(e) Where are the adrenal glands situated ?

3. Figure below shows an incomplete reflex arc caused by the hand accidentally touching a
very hot object and moving the hands away quickly.
(a) Name the substances in P and Q
(b) Complete the diagram to show the nervous pathway of the reflex arc. Use arrowheads to
show the direction of impulse
(c) In your completed diagram, indicate and label a synapse
(d) State the sequence along which the nervous impulses pass in the reflex arc
(e) What is a reflex action?
(f) Explain why we only feel the pain after the reflex action has taken place

4. Figure below shows a bundle of muscle fibres acting as

a sensory organ in a muscle
(a) Name the parts labelled P and Q
(b) What stimuli are detected by the sensory organ P?
(c) Name 2 other structures in the body which have
sensory organs similar to P
(d) What happens when sensory organ P detects a stimulus?
(e) Name the parts in the ear and the brain which are closely related to the function of
sensory organ P

5. Figure shows a vertical section through the human brain

(a) Name the part labelled X and Y
(b) State the main function of each part
(c) The surface of the brain is folded. What is the advantage of this?
(d) Name a nerve which connects a sense organ directly to the brain
(e) What is present in the space marked P?
(f) The brain requires 2 essential substances in order to
function. Name them
(g) What happens if the brain does not get enough of these
substances?

6. Explain the differences between a sensory neurone and a

motor neurone
7. You see a science book on a table. You take it and read it. State what takes place in your
nervous system in order that you can read the book
8. (a) Name the 2 systems which control the coordination of the body
(b) State the differences between these two methods of action
9. (a) Draw a diagram of the human brain
(b) State the function of each part
10.Differentiate the following types of actions and gives one examples for each type
- Voluntary action
- Involuntary action
- Reflex action