CHAPTER 8:

PROCESS
SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
(PSM)
By: MUHAMMAD IMRAN ISMAIL
PENSYARAH, FAK. KEJ. KIMIA
1

Lecture 8.1

SYLLABUS (SILA BIUS)

2

WEEK

CHAPTER/CONTENT

1-2

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to hazard and risk

3-4

CHAPTER 2: Toxicology

CHAPTER 3: Industrial hygiene

6-7

CHAPTER 4: Safety legislation and regulations

8 -9

CHAPTER 5: Hazard Identification

10-11

CHAPTER 6: Hazard and risk assessment

12-13

CHAPTER 7: Emergency planning

14

CHAPTER 8: Process safety management

Learning Outcomes

The student should be able to:

Identify and list key elements for effective safety
management system- OSH MS 1722, OHSAS 18001.

A MANAGEMENT SYSTEM APPROACH

In a management system approach, the emphasis is on
developing interrelated processes for managing
occupational health and safety hazards and risks
throughout all levels and functions of the organization.
Everyone is held accountable for all of their individual
management system responsibilities including those
related to OH&S.
Safety and health becomes part of everyones job.

A PROGRAM VERSUS A SYSTEM

A program is independent
Training
Program

Inspection
Program

Machine Safety
Program

Fire Safety
Program

A PROGRAM VERSUS A SYSTEM

A system is interdependent
Machine Safety
Program

HIRARC

Inspection
Program

Fire Safety
Program

Training
Program
Audit
Program

KEY ELEMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL HEALTH AND SAFET Y

MANAGEMENT

Occupational Health and

Safety Assessment Series

OHSAS 18001
8

DISCUSSION
Scenario : A LPG gas production company located in India is expanding a branch in
Mumbai and looking for a new supplier who can supply 25 unit of LPG gas leak detector.
All the company A, B & C promised can supply a high quality of gas detector.
So, which company to choose? What are the factor?
Company A
Company C
Company B

Establish in 1890
Location: Munchen, Germany
High Safety Standard, Slightly higher price

Establish in 1995
Location: Shanghai, China
Low Safety Standard, Lowest Price

Establish in 1974
Location: Johor, Malaysia
Medium Safety Standard,
Reasonable Price

INTRODUCTION
An internationally applied British Standard for occupational
health and safety management systems.
It exists to help all kinds of organizations put in place
demonstrably sound occupational health and safety
performance.
The OHSAS 18001 standard is internationally accepted as a
method of assessing and auditing occupational health and
safety management systems.

 Example of OHSAS Cert.

Example of Certification Body

OHSAS 18001 HISTORY AND OTHER RELATED

STANDARDS
1974 : Health & Safety at Work Act
1979 : BS 5750 Pt 1,2,&3
1987 : ISO 9000 Series
1991 : HS(G) 65 Successful health and safety mgt
1994 : ISO 9000 Revised & BS 5750 became obsolete
1996 : ISO 14001 : 1996 published
1996 : BS 8800 Guide to OH&S management systems
1999 : OHSAS 18001:1999 (Occ.l Health & Safety Assessment Series)
2000 : ISO 9000 :2000 published
2001 : ILO-OSH: 2001
2004 : ISO 14001 published
2007 : OHSAS 18001:2007 (Occ.l Health & Safety Assessment Series)
2008 : ISO 9001: 2008 published

OHSAS 18001:2007
OHSAS 18001 was created via a concerted effort from a
number of the worlds leading national standards bodies,
certification bodies, and specialist consultancies.
43 organizations from 28 countries involved.
Malaysia was represented by SIRIM.
Originally developed in early 1990s as BS8800
Revised in 1999 by BSI to be more compatible with ISO 14001
Allows third party certification

OHSAS 18001:2007

OHSAS 18001 was based on and structured the same way as

ISO 14001

#BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING OHSAS 18001 FOR

COMPANIES??
1. Increase productivity, quality and customer service
2. OHSAS 18001 is an international standard and implemented and
acknowledged by all industries worldwide.
3. Reduce the risk of injuries at work. Control risk of personal injury
claims and reduce the risk of prosecution
4. OHSAS 18001 provides a formal structure to identify and control
work-related health and safety risks to workers, contractors and
visitors. The sections of OHSAS 18001 identify key areas that
organizations may miss by not using a structured framework.
5. Attract new clients/customer

BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING OHSAS 18001 FOR

COMPANIES (CONT.)
6. OHSAS 18001 provides a competitive advantage . As a recognizable
international standard, customers immediately recognize a demonstrated
commitment by the organization in health and safety at the workplace. A
formal safety management system may also be required by customers in
order to become a supplier to the organization.
7. The OHSAS 18001 management system provides evidence of compliance
to legal and other requirements . Transparency between the documented
procedures to the requirements aids in providing corporate due diligence.
8. As safeguard contract and encourage participation of staff into a positive
culture
9. OHSAS 18001 ensures continual improvement of the health and safety
management system, policies and programs through the internal
auditing process.

OSH MS 1722

17

MS 1722:2003
A Malaysian standard
Result of government adoption of ILO-OSH: 2001
Minus intro
Includes language of OSHA: 1994

Originally a guideline only (2003), then certifiable

standards added (2005).

MAIN ELEMENTS OF MALAYSIAN OSH-MS (MS

1722:2003)
Has five main elements of Deming Wheel (PDCA),

These elements are namely;

i.

Policy,

ii. Organizing,
iii. Planning and implementation,
iv. Evaluation, and

v. Action for improvement

ROLES OF TOP MANAGEMENT IN IMPLEMENTING SAFE

PRACTICE AT WORKPLACE.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Provide support to safety activities such as campaign

Enforce employee to obey the safety related rules and regulation
Allocate budget for safety activities such as campaign, training.
Co-ordinating the emergency response exercise
Discussing potentially hazardous processes and operations with
staff and obtaining their co-operation in reducing them as much
as possible
6. Provide adequate PPE and other safety equipment such as fire
extinguhser, fire hydrant, etc

MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT
1. Ensure that OSH is a line-management responsibility, which is known
and accepted at all levels;

2. Define and communicate to the members of the organisation the

responsibility, accountability and authority of persons who identify,
evaluate or control OSH hazards and risks;
3. Provide effective supervision, as necessary, to ensure the protection of
employees' safety and health;
4. Promote cooperation and communication among members of the
organisation, including workers and their representatives, to implement
the elements of the organisation's OSH management system;

5. Fulfil the principles of OSH management systems contained in

relevant national guidelines or voluntary programmes, as
appropriate, to which the organisation subscribes;
6. Establish and implement a clear OSH policy and measurable
objectives;
7. Establish effective arrangements to identify and eliminate or control
work-related hazards and risks, and promote health at work;
8. Establish prevention and health promotion programmes;

9. Ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of employees

and their representatives in the fulfilment of the OSH policy;
10.provide appropriate resources to ensure that persons responsible for
OSH, including the safety and health committee, can perform their
functions properly; and
11.ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of workers
and their representatives in safety and health committees, where
they exist.

Process safety
management
(PSM)
24

INTRODUCTION-PSM
Process safety management is a regulation, promulgated by the U.S.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
Term: Process safety management is an analytical tool focused on
preventing releases of any substance defined as a "highly hazardous
chemicals" by the EPA or OSHA .
Process Safety Management (PSM) refers to a set of inter-related
approaches to manage hazards associated with the process industries
and is intended to reduce the frequency and severity of incidents
resulting from releases of chemicals and other energy.

14 ELEMENTS IN PSM
The process safety management program is divided into 14 elements.
The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
1910.119 define all 14 elements of process safety management plan.
14 Elements of OSHA Process Safety Management Program (PSM)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Process Safety Information

Process Hazard Analysis
Operating Procedures
Training
Contractors
Mechanical Integrity
Hot Work

8. Management of Change
9. Incident Investigation
10. Compliance Audits
11. Trade Secrets
12. Employee Participation
13. Pre-startup Safety Review
14. Emergency Planning and Response

CONTENT OF CHAPTER 8

Process safety management

Key elements for effective
safety management system
OHSAS 18001
OSH MS 1722
Safety management audit,
safety audit

LECTURE 8.1

LECTURE 8.2

KEY ELEMENTS OF SUCCESSFUL HEALTH AND SAFET Y

MANAGEMENT

OH&S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AUDIT

Determine if OH&S-MS:
conforms with planned arrangements
is properly implemented and maintained
is effective in meeting policy and objectives
Results provided to top management
Audit program and schedule reflect risks and previous
audit results

AUDITING AND REVIEWING

Review of performance is necessary to ensure that the performance
standards are being met.
Review is continuous and is performed by line management.
The purpose of an audit is to detect degradation and defects in a
management system.
An audit is performed by competent people and independent of the
organisation being audited.
A full audit of management system address the complete set of safety
management activities i.e., policy, organisation, planning,
measurement and control.

ADVANTAGES OF SAFET Y AUDIT BY INTERNAL AUDITOR

1. Less expensive compare to external
2. Auditors know the business and so what
can realistically be achieved
3. Improves ownership of issues found
4. Builds competence internally
5. May have wider experience of different
types of workplace