SECTION 17 WELDING

DESIGN PROBLEMS
941.

A joint welded with a coated rod is to support a steady load of 10 kips; the design
is to be for a 3/8-in weld. Compute the length of weld needed for (a) a reinforced
butt joint, Fig. 19-2, Text, (b) a lap joint, Fig. 19-3(a), (c) a T-joint, Fig. 19-3(b),
(d) fillet welds, parallel loaded, Fig. 19-3(d).

Solution:
(a) Reinforced butt joint, Fig. 19-2.
F s t tL

From Table AT 30, using Jennings recommendation, st 16 ksi

F 10 kips

0.90
3
t in 0.375 in
8

3
L
8

F 10 0.9016
L 1.85 in

(b) Lap joint

F 2 s s Lb cos 45

Table AT 30, normal or transverse loading, ss 16 ksi (Lincoln-Electric)

F 10 kips

3
in 0.375 in
8
3
F 10 216 L cos 45
8

L 1.18 in

(c) T-joint
F 2 s s Lb cos 45

Table AT 30, all loading, ss 14 ksi (Jennings recommendation)

F 10 kips

3
in 0.375 in
8
3
F 10 214 L cos 45
8

L 1.35 in

(d) Fillet welds, parallel load

Page 1 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

F 2 s s Lb cos 45
Table AT 30, ss 13.6 ksi (AWS Code)
F 10 kips

3
in 0.375 in
8
3
F 10 213.6 L cos 45
8

L 1.39 in

943.

The load F varies from 5 to 10 kips and the arrangement is such that the
location is given by m 3 in and n 7 in . It is desired that the weld lengths L1
and L2 be such that the line of action of F passes through the centroid G of
the weld metal, thereby avoiding eccentric loading. Determine (a) the ratio of
L1 L2 , (b) the lengths L1 and L2 of 3/8 in. fillet welds made with E6010 rod,
for indefinite life. (c) The same as (b) except that the life expectancy is 10 5
cycles.

Problem 943
Solution:

F 2 ss Lb cos 45

F1 2 ss L1b cos 45
F2 2 ss L2 b cos 45

(a) Solving for the ratio of L1 L2

F1m F2 n

F1
n

F2 m

Page 2 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
F1 L1 7

F2 L2 3
L1 : L2 7 : 3

(b) Solving for the lengths

F1 F2 F
3F1 3F2 3F
7 F2 3F2 3F
F2 0.3F
F1 0.7 F

6
For indefinite life use nc 2 10
Table AT 30

sd
R

7 .2
1 0 .5 R

5 kips
0.50
10 kips

sd

7.2
9.6 ksi
1 0.5 0.5

F 10 kips

F1 0.710 7 kips
F2 0.310 3 kips

F1 7 2 9.6 L1 0.375 cos 45

L1 1.375 in

F2 3 2 9.6 L2 0.375 cos 45

L2 0.589 in

(c) Solving for the lengths, 105 cycles

5
For indefinite life use nc 10
Table AT 30
12.2
1 0 .5 R
12.5
sd
16.67 ksi
1 0.5 0.5
sd

F1 7 216.67 L1 0.375 cos 45

L1 0.792 in

F2 3 216.67 L2 0.375 cos 45

L2 0.339 in

Page 3 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
944.

A bracket somewhat as shown is made of structural steel and supports a repeated (

R 0 , nc 2 106 ) load of 2000 lb at a distance a 10 in from the wall. What
should be the length L of a 3/8-in. fillet weld that resists the entire load? Adapt
the design shear stress from Table AT 30 (fillet weld).

Problem 944, 958

Solution:

Fa L 2
I

st

2tL3
12
FaL
3Fa
st
2
3
tL
2tL

2
12
I

t b cos 45

1
2

s
s t
2

2
s

2tL

3Fa

2
2tL

1
2

6
From Table AT 30, R 0 , nc 2 10

7.2
7. 2

7.2 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0

F 2000 lb 2 kips
a 10 in

3
in
8
F
2

2tL
b

7.2

1
2
L

3Fa
2
2tL

2
2 0.375 cos 45

Page 4 of 40

1
4
L

3 2 10
2 0.375 cos 45

SECTION 17 WELDING
51.84

14.22 12,800

L2
L4

51.84 L4 14.22 L2 12,800

51.84 L4 14.22 L2 12,800 0
L 3.98 in
say L 4 in

945.

A bracket is to be fabricated from flat plates by bending and welding with a

shielded rod, E6010. A steady load F 5000 lb , L 18 in , h 4 in , and
a 6 in . (a) Take the design shear stress for a design factor N 3.75 on the
ultimate shear strength, which may be estimated at 80% of su of rod, and find
the size of fillet weld ABCDA. Compare the design stress used with values in
Table AT 30. (b) Compute the thickness of the SAE 1020, rolled-steel plates of all
are the same (cantilever part).

Problem 945
Solution:

st

2
I

FL

2th 3 2at 3
h

2 at
12
12
2

th 3 at 3 ath 2

6
6
2

h 4 in , a 6 in , L 18 in , F 5 kips

t 4
6t 3 6 t 4

58.67t t 3
6
6
2
3

Page 5 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

518

180
2

st

3
58.67t t
58.67t t 3
ss

F
5
0.25

2at 2th 2 6 t 2t 4
t

s
s t
2
2

2
s

(a) d

sus
N

sus 0.8su

su 60 ksi for E6010

N 3.75
0.8 60 12.8 ksi
d
3.75
2

180
0.25
12.8

3
t
2 58.67t t
0.0625
8100
163.84

2
2
t
58.67t t 3
2

By trial and error method

t 0.121399 in

t b cos 45
0.121399 b cos 45
b 0.1717 in

use b

3
0.1875 in
16

Comparing the design stress, from Table AT 30

13.6 ksi (AISC Building Code)
13.6 ksi 12.8 ksi

(b) Solving for the thickness of the SAE 1020, rolled-steel plates
Table 1.1, use N 2 based on yield strength
Table AT 7, s y 48 ksi
sd

sy

48
24 ksi 6391
2

N
Mc
sd
I
h 4
c 2 in
2 2

Page 6 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

I 58.67t t 3

M FL 518 90 in kips

sd

Mc
I

24 ksi

90 in kips 2 in
58.67t t 3 in 4

58.67t t 3 7.5

By trial and error method

t 0.128 in

but t b
use t
946.

3
in
16

A bracket is made with two 3/8-in. steel plates A welded with a coated electrode
to a vertical I-beam with fillet welds on both sides of the plate, as indicated. It
supports a steady vertical load F 12 kips in a center position; a 14 in ;
h 8 in . What size and length of weld should be used? Is the stress at G the
maximum one? Justify your answer.

Problem 946 948

Solution:

a 14 in
h 8 in
F 12 kips

(steady load)

use weld size = 3/8 in = plate thickness = 0.375 in

Page 7 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

B G , therefore the stress at G is not the maximum one.

L

2
cos
1
2
By cosine law

L

2
L2 h 2

L2 h 2

ss2 ss2 2ss ss cos 2

1

e
2

ss1
Jc
L
ea
2
Jc

2tL3
h
2tL
12
2

tL3 1
tLh 2
6
2

F

2
ss2
2tL

Substituting values

t b cos 45 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

Page 8 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
1 2
1 2
1 2
2
L h2
L 8
L 64
2
2
2
L
cos
2
L 64
e 14 0.5L
0.2652 L3 1
2
Jc
0.2652 L 8 0.0442 L3 8.1984 L
6
2

12
1
2

14 0.5 L L 64
33.94 28 L L2 64
2
2
ss1

0.0442 L3 8.1984 L
L3 185.484 L
F
12

11.43
2
2

ss

2tL
2 0.2652 L
L

2 ss21 ss22 2ss1 ss2 cos

From Table AT 30,

Use d 14 ksi as recommended by Jennings
Solving this by trial and error method
d

L, in

cos

ss1 , ksi

ss2 , ksi

, ksi

8
7
5
4
3.5
3.75
3.875

0.7071
0.6585
0.5300
0.4472
0.4008
0.4244
0.4359

6.9260
7.6930
10.040
12.053
13.489
12.723
12.377

1.429
1.633
2.286
2.858
3.266
3.048
2.950

8.00
8.85
11.42
13.57
15.10
14.28
13.92

Use L 3.875 in , 13.92 ksi 14ksi

Or L 3

947.

7
in each weld
8

The same as 946, except that the material is aluminum alloy, welded with shielded
1100 wire, and the load is 5 kips. Let the design factor N 3.4 for the
information in Table At 30; but consider other approaches, as available, to a
design stress.

Solution:
With F 5 kips
5
1
2
14 0.5 L L 64
14.14 28 L L2 64
2
2

ss1

0.0442 L3 8.1984 L
L3 185.484 L

Page 9 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
F
5

4.714
2

2
s s2

2tL
2 0.2652 L
L
L
cos
2
L 64

2 ss21 ss22 2ss1 ss2 cos

From Table AT 30,

ultimate strength of aluminum alloy welded with 1100 wire, = 12.7 ksi.
d

12.7
3.735 ksi
3.4

Solving this by trial and error method

d

L, in

cos

ss1 , ksi

ss2 , ksi

, ksi

8
7
6.5
6.75
6.875

0.7071
0.6585
0.6306
0.6449
0.6518

2.886
3.205
3.397
3.298
3.251

0.589
0.673
0.725
0.698
0.686

3.326
3.683
3.895
3.786
3.735

Use L 6.875 in , 3.735 ksi d

Or L 6

948.

7
in for each weld
8

(a) Two -in plates A, arranged as shown, are to be welded with coated
electrodes, E6020; a 12 in ; h 4 in , and F repeats from 0 to 10 kips.
Choose a design stress from Table AT 30 for 2x106 cycles and specify the size
and length of weld. (b) The same as (a), except that the design is for 10 5 cycles.
(c) Demonstrate that the stress at G is or is not the maximum.

Problem 946 948

Page 10 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
Solution:
This problem is the same as 946 except that
a 12 in
h 4 in
F 0 to 10 kips

3
in = same as plate thickness
4

t b cos 45 0.75 cos 45 0.53 in

cos

L h
L 4
L 16
F

e
2

ss1
Jc
L
e a 12 0.5 L
2
1 2
1 2
1 2
2

L h2
L 4
L 16
2
2
2
0.53L3 1
2
Jc
0.53 L 4 0.088L3 4.24 L
6
2
2

F 10 kips

10
1
2

12 0.5L L 16
14.205 24 L L2 16
2
2
ss1

0.088L3 4.24 L
L3 48.18 L
F
10

4.714
2
2
ss

2tL
2 0.53 L
L

2 ss21 ss22 2ss1 ss2 cos

(a) From Table AT 30 , nc 2 106

7 .2
ksi
1 0 .5 R
0
R
0
10
7.2
d
7.2 ksi
1 0.5 0

Solving for length by trial and error method

d

L, in

cos

ss1 , ksi

ss2 , ksi

, ksi

8
7
6
5.5
5.625

0.8944
0.8682
0.8321
0.8087
0.8150

4.530
5.219
6.084
6.607
6.469

0.590
0.674
0.786
0.858
0.839

5.06
5.81
6.87
7.32
7.17

Page 11 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

Use L 5.625 in , 7.17 ksi d

5
8

Or L 5 in for each weld

(b) From Table AT 30, nc 105
12.5
ksi
1 0 .5 R
0
R
0
10
12.5
d
12.5 ksi
1 0.5 0

Solving for length by trial and error method

d

L, in

cos

ss1 , ksi

ss2 , ksi

, ksi

4
3

0.7071
0.6000

8.764
11.179

1.179
1.573

9.634
12.188

Use L 3 in , 12.188 ksi d

Or L 3 in for each weld

(c) Demonstrating that the stress at G is or is not the maximum

From the figure G is not the maximum.

949.

One arm of a bracket that is to support a steady load of F 18 kips without

twisting is welded with an E6010 rod, as shown. The plate is 10 in. ( L2 ) deep.
Assume a value of L1 (not less than 5 in.) and compute the size of fillet weld.
By sketching vectors (only), compare the stress at C with that of B.

Page 12 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

Problems 949-951
Solution:
Use L1 5 in , L2 10 in
F 18 kips

Solving for the center G.

L1 L1 L2 x 2

L1

L1

5 1.25 in
L

2 L1 L2 2 5 10
2
1

e 11.25 in 1.25 in 10 in

at B, where is maximum

Page 13 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

Fe1
Jc

ss1

For J c :

r12 2.5 1.25 5

r1 5.154 in
r2 1.25 in
2

2tL13 tL32
2t 5
t 10
2
2

tL2 r22 2tL1r12

t 101.25 2t 5 5.154 385.43t

12
12
12
12
2
2
2
1 5 5 1.25
1 6.25 in
1810 6.25 2.92
ss1
385.43t
t
3

Jc

F
18
0.9

2tL1 tL2 2t 5 t 10
t

s s2

cos 1

L1 x 5 1.25

0.60
1
6.25

B2 2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos 1

2.92

0.90

2.92 0.90
2

0.6
t t

3.534
t

From Table AT 30, steady load, use code

13.6 ksi

13.6
t 0.26 in

3.534
t

Page 14 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
t b cos 45
0.26 b cos 45
b 0.368 in

Therefore use size of fillet weld = b 0.375 in

3
in
8

Comparing stress at C with that of B.

Stress at B

Stress at C

B C , 1 2 , ss1 ss1

950.

The same as 949, except that F makes a 30o angle with the vertical as indicated
by the dotted line in the figure. Consider all computed stress to be shear.

Solution:

L1 5 in
L2 10 in

F 18 kips

T F cos 30 e F sin 30 3
e 10 in as in 949.
T 18 cos 30 10 18 sin 30 3 128.89 in kips

As in 949,

Page 15 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
T1
Jc
1 6.25 in
128.89 6.25 2.09
ss1
385.43t
t
0 .9
ss2
(from 949)
t
ss1

at B

cos 1 0.60 from 949.

1 53.13

90 30 53.13 6.87 o
B2 2 ss21 ss22 2ss1 ss2 cos
2.09

0.90

2.09 0.90
2

cos 6.87
t t

2.986
t
but 13.6 ksi as in 949

13.6
t 0.22 in

2.986
t

t b cos 45
0.22 b cos 45
b 0.311 in

Therefore use size of fillet weld = b 0.3125 in

Comparing stress at C with that of B.
Stress at B

Stress at C

Page 16 of 40

5
in
16

SECTION 17 WELDING

B C

951.

The same as 949, except that the load varies from 4 to 18 kips; expected life, 2 x
106 cycles. Solve (a) by using a design stress from Table AT 30 for the given
value of R , and (b) by using a design stress for R 1 , and the Soderberg
criterion.

Solution: same as 949, but

F 4 to 18 kips
F 18 kips (is the

same as in 949)

3.534
then
t
6
(a) Table AT 30, nc 2 10 cycles

4
0.222
18
7.2
7.2
d

8.1 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0.222
3.534
d
t
3.534
8.1
t
R

t 0.4363 in

t b cos 45
0.4363 b cos 45
b 0.617 in

say

5
in fillet weld.
8

6
(b) Using a design stress for R 1 and the Soderberg criterion, nc 2 10 cycles

1 sm K f sa

N sy
sn

For R 1
sm 0

sa d

sn
Kf N

Table 19.1, sn 11.7 ksi ,

Page 17 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
use N 1.4
assume K f 1.67
i4.20,

11.7

1.41.67

d 5

5.0 ksi

3.534
t

t 0.7068 in

t b cos 45
0.7068 b cos 45

b 0.9996 in
say b 1 in

952.

fillet weld.

A steel plate, welded to a column as shown with E6010 rod, is to support a steady
load of F 5 kips , applied so as to produce no twisting of the plate; m 24 in ,
n 18 in ; the initial design is for a 3/8-in. fillet weld. Compute L . Demonstrate
by sketches which stress ss A or ss B is the larger.

Problems 952-954, 959

Solution:

F 5 kips
m 24 in
n 18 in

3
in 0.375 in
8

t b cos 45 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

maximum ssA ssD

Page 18 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

1
2

m n 2 L2

cos

m n 2 L2

2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos

1
2

24 18 2 L2

cos

1 2
L 36
2

L2 36
Fe
ss
Jc
1

F 5 kips

(steady load)

1
1
1
e n m n m n 24 18 21 in
2
2
2
2tL3
mn
Jc
2tL

12
2

2 0.2652 L3
24 18
Jc
2 0.2652 L

12
2

J c 0.0884 L3 4.774 L

5 21

1
2
L 36
594 L2 36
2

ss1

0.0884 L3 4.774 L
L3 54 L
ss2

F
5
9.427

2tL 2 0.2652 L
L

From Table AT 30, use AISC Building Code

d 13.6 ksi

Solving for L by trial and error method.

d

L, in

cos

s s1 , ksi

s s2 , ksi

, ksi

6
5
4.875
4.75

0.7071
0.6402
0.6306
0.6207

9.334
11.745
12.113
12.500

1.571
1.885
1.934
1.985

10.50
13.03
13.42
13.82

Page 19 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

use
953.

L4

7
in 4.875 in , d
8

A steel plate, welded as shown with E6010 rod, is to support a load that varies
from 5 to 5 kips, without twisting; m 14 in , n 8 in ; the initial design is for
a 3/8-in. fillet weld; indefinite life. Compute L .

Solution:
The same as 952, except
m 14 in
n 8 in
F 5 to 5 kips

3
in fillet weld
8
t b cos 45
b

t 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

F 5 kips

Then;
1
2
1

m n 2 L2

14 8 2 L2

1 2
L 36
2

cos

m n 2 L2

cos

L 36
1
1
1
e n m n m n 14 8 11 in
2
2
2
Jc

Jc

2tL3
mn
2tL

12
2

2 0.2652 L3
14 8
2 0.2652 L

12
2

J c 0.0884 L3 4.774 L
Fe

s s1

Jc

511

1
2
L 36
311 L2 36
2
ss1

0.0884 L3 4.774 L
L3 54 L
ss2

F
5
9.427

2tL 2 0.2652 L
L

2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos

6
From Table AT 30, indefinite life ( nc 2 10 )

Page 20 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
7.2
1 0.5 R
5
R
1
5
7.2
d
4.8 ksi
1 0.5 1

Solving for L by trial and error method.

d

L, in

cos

s s1 , ksi

s s2 , ksi

, ksi

6
7
8
7.5
7.75
7.25
7.375

0.7071
0.7593
0.8000
0.7809
0.7907
0.7704
0.7757

4.887
3.977
3.295
3.613
3.448
3.788
3.699

1.571
1.347
1.178
1.257
1.216
1.300
1.278

6.10
5.01
4.30
4.66
4.47
4.86
4.76

use

L7

3
in 7.375 in , 4.76 d
8

3
8

or L 7 in for each weld.

954.

The same as 953, except that F varies from 0 to 5 kips with a life expectancy of
105 cycles.

Solution:
Same as 953, but
F 0 to 5 kips

nc 105
5
From table AT 30, nc 10

12.5
1 0.5 R
0
R 0
5
12.5
d
12.5 ksi
1 0.5 0
L
cos
2
L 36

311 L2 36
L3 54 L
9.427

ss1
ss2

2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos

Page 21 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
Solving by trial and error method.
d

L, in

cos

s s1 , ksi

s s2 , ksi

, ksi

3
3.5
3.125

0.4472
0.5039
0.4619

11.038
9.317
10.558

3.142
2.694
3.017

12.76
10.93
12.25

use

L 3.125 in , 12.25 d

1
8

or L 3 in for each weld.

955.

An arm for a machine is to be fabricated by welding, coated welding rod. See

figure. The left end is a hollow cylinder with Do 3 in , and it is keyed to a 2-in.
shaft; L 14 in , steady load F 600 lb . The arm material is SAE 1020, rolledsteel plate, -in. thick. Compute (a) the depth h of the arm at the hub, and (b)
the size of the weld.

Problem 955
Solution:
(a) Solving for the length or depth h
For SAE 1020, rolled-steel plate,
s y 48 ksi (Table AT 7)
N 2 (Table 1.1)
sd

48
24 ksi
2

2
I

Fe

1
Do Ds
2
Do 3 in
Ds 2 in

e L

L 14 in

e 14

1
3 2 11.5 in
2

Page 22 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
th 3
12
1
t in 0.5 in
2
0.5h 3
I
12
I

F 600 lb

steady
60011.5 h
2 82,800
s
3
h2
0.5h

12

h 1.857 in

say h 1

7
in
8

(b) Solving for the size of weld

t b cos 45

h
Fe
2
st
I
I

2th 3
12

h
Fe
2 3Fe
st
th 2
2th 3

12
3 0.6 11.5 5.888
st

2
t
t 1.875
st

F
0 .6
0.16

2th 2t 1.875
t

2
s
s t
2

2
s

1
2

From Table AT 30, use Jennings recommendations, 14 ksi

0.16
14

5.888

2t

t 0.2106 in

0.2106 b cos 45

Page 23 of 40

1
2

SECTION 17 WELDING
b 0.2978 in

say b

956.

5
in fillet weld.
16

A pair of gusset plates, 3/8-in. thick, are to be welded with E6010 electrodes, as
shown. The load F on the plates varies from 0 to 10 kips (no twisting of plates).
For the first approximation, assume that BC AD L 5 in and compute the
size of weld. With free hand sketches, compare the resultant stress at each corner
A, B, C, and D.

Problems 956, 957

Solution:

1
2

2 2 6 2
2 2 9 2

Page 24 of 40

6.325 in
9.220 in

SECTION 17 WELDING
s s2

F
2tL

F 0 to 10kips
F 10 kips
L 5 in

10
1

2t 5 t
C D ; A B
Fe
ss1
Jc
ss2

e 6 2 8 in

2tL3
3

Jc
2tL 6
12
2

2t 5
3

2t 5 6
12
2

583.3t

at D

2
2

0.3162
1 6.325

cos 1

s s1 D

Fe 10 8 6.325 0.8675

Jc
583.3t
t

D ss2 ss2 2 ss ss cos 1 2

1

1D

0.8675

1D

1

t

0.8675 1
2
0.3162
t

at A

2
2

2 9.220

cos 2

2 77.47 o
180 77.47 102.53o
Fe 10 8 9.220
ss1 A

Jc

583.3t

A ss2 ss2 2ss ss cos 2

1

1A

Page 25 of 40

1A

1.2645
t

1
2

1.5170
t

SECTION 17 WELDING

1.2645

max D

1

t

1.2645 1
2
cos 102.53
t

1
2

1.4319
t

1.5170
t

From Table AT 30, assume nc 2 106 .

7.2
1 0.5 R
0
R
0
10
7.2
d
7.2 ksi
1 0.5 0
1.5170
7.2
t

t 0.2107 in

t b cos 45
0.2107 b cos 45
b 0.2980 in

say b

5
in for each weld.
16

CHECK PROBLEMS
957.

A 3/8-in. gusset plate is welded with an E6010 electrode; -in. fillet weld, as
shown. The loading does not twist the plate and the force varies from 0.2 F to
F . For a life expectancy of 105 cycles, what is a safe F ? Make clear how you
decide upon the point of maximum stress.

Solution:
Same as 956, except that F is unknown and varies from 0.2 F to F , nc 105 cycles.
Stress vector is the same as shown in 956, D C is maximum.
At D (prob. 956)
1 6.325 in
F
2tL
t b cos 45
s s2

b 0.25 in
t 0.25 cos 45 0.1768 in
L 5 in
F
ss2
0.5656 F
2 0.1768 5

Page 26 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
ss1

Fe1
Jc

e 6 2 8 in

1 6.325 in
Jc

ss1

2tL3
3

2tL 6
12
2

2 0.1768 5
3

2 0.1768 5 6
12
2

23.573 in 4

Fe1 F 8 6.325

2.1465 F
Jc
23.573

2 ss21 ss22 2ss1 ss2 cos

cos 0.3162 (prob. 956)
From Table AT 30, nc 105 cycles.
12.5
1 0.5 R
0.2 F
R
0.2
F
12.5
d
13.89 ksi
1 0.5 0.2

2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos

13.89 2 2.1465 F 2 0.5656 F 2 2 2.1465 F 0.5656 F 0.3162

F 5.82 kips

958.

A bracket of the type shown (944) is to support a load of F 6 kips ; a 8 in ,

L 5 in , weld size is 3/8-in. (a) Determine the stress in the weld. Is this safe
value for a steady load? (b) If the welding is shielded and the load varies with
R 0 , is the weld safe for 2 10 6 cycles? For 10 5 cycles? For Q & T alloy
and 2 106 cycles?

Solution:

Page 27 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

F 6 kips
a 8 in
L 5 in

3
in 0.375 in
8

t b cos 45 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

F
6
ss

2.3 ksi
2tL 2 0.2652 5

st

2 3Fa 3 6 8
21.7 ksi
2
tL2

0.2652 5
2tL3

12

Fa

s
ss2 t
2

2.3

1
2

21.7

1
2

11.1 ksi

(a) Steady load, Table AT 30, AISC Building Code

d 13.6 ksi
Since d 11.1 ksi a safe value

(b) Table AT 30, nc 2 106 , R 0

7.2
7.2

7.2 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0
Since d 11.1 ksi not a safe value

5
Table AT 30, nc 10 , R 0

12.5
12.5

12.5 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0
Since d 11.1 ksi a safe value

Table AT 30, nc 2 106 ,Q & T alloy, R 0

9
9

9 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0
Since d 11.1 ksi not a safe value

Page 28 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
959.

The 1-in. plate shown (952) is attached with -in fillet welds, laid with E6010
rods; L 4 in , m 15 in , n 9 in . What maximum load may be carried if it is
(a) static, (b) varies from 0.5 F to F for 2 106 cycles and for 10 5 cycles,
(c) R 0 , indefinite life. (d) Considering strengths given in Table 19.1, Text,
determine the design factor for parts (b) and (c).

Solution:

Same as 952, except that m 15 in , n 9 in , b

t b cos 45 0.5 cos 45 0.3536 in

1
in , L 4 in
2

2 ss21 ss22 2 ss1 ss2 cos

s s1

Fe
Jc

1
m n 1 15 9 12 in
2
2
1
2

m n L2 1 15 9 2 4 2 3.606 in
2
2
2
3
3
2tL
2 0.3536 4
mn
15 9
Jc
2tL
2 0.3536 4

12
2
12
2

29.23 in 4

Fe F 12 3.606

1.4804 F
Jc
29.23
F
F
s s2

0.3535 F
2tL 2 0.3536 4
ss1

cos

m n

15 9 2 42

0.5547

ss2 ss2 2ss ss cos 2

1

1.4804 F 0.3535 F 21.4804 F 0.3535 F 0.5547 2 1.7021F

2

(a) Table AT 30, static, AISC Building Code

d 13.6 ksi

13.6 1.7021F

Page 29 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
F 7.99 kips
6
(b) Table AT 30, static, nc 2 10 cycles

7.2
1 0.5 R

0.5 F
0 .5
F
7.2
d
9.6 ksi
1 0.5 0.5
9.6 1.7021F
R

F 5.64 kips

5
Table AT 30, static, nc 10 cycles

12.5
1 0.5 R

0.5 F
0 .5
F
12.5
d
16.67 ksi
1 0.5 0.5
16.67 1.7021F
R

F 9.79 kips

6
(c) Table AT 30, R 0 , indefinite life, nc 2 10 cycles

d
d

7.2
1 0.5 R

7.2
7.2 ksi
1 0.5 0

7.2 1.7021F
F 4.23 kips

(d) Design factors

nc 2 106 cycles
R 0.5

9.6 ksi

Table 19-1, sn 40.1 ksi

s
40.1
N n
4.2

9.6
nc 105 cycles
R 0.5

16.67 ksi
Table 19-1, sn 46.1 ksi

Page 30 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
N

sn 46.1

2.8
16.67

Indefinite life ( nc 2 106 ), R 0

7.2 ksi

Table 19-1, sn 18.1 ksi

s
18.1
N n
2 .5

7 .2
960.

The plate for a bracket, as shown must be welded to a member in the manner
shown; 5/16-in. welds with shielded arc. Compute the safe load for this plate (no
twisting) (a) for static loading, (b) for R 0 and indefinite life, (c) for R 1
and indefinite life, (d) for R 0.2 indefinite life.

Problem 960

Solution:

For x

3 6 x 3
x 2.5 in

3
6
6
2
2

Page 31 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

5
in 0.3125 in
16

t b cos 45 0.3125 cos 45 0.2210 in

F
F
ss2

0.503F
t 3 6 0.2210 9
Fe
s s1
Jc
e 10 2.5 7.5 in
6

6 2.5 4.61 in
2

Solving for J c ;

r1

6

2

r2

2. 5
2

2.5
2

3.1623 in

3.0414 in

t 3
t 6
3tr12
6tr22
12
12
0.221 3 3 3 0.221 3.1623 2 0.221 6 3 6 0.221 3.0414 2 23.37 in 4
Jc
12
12
F 7.5 4.61
ss1
1.4795 F
23.37
3

Jc

ss2 0.503F
cos

6 2.5

6 2.5
0.7592
4.61

1
2

1.4795 F 0.503F 21.4795F 0.503F 0.7592 1.890 F

2

(a) For static loading, Table AT 30, AISC Building Code

d 13.6 ksi

Page 32 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
13.6 1.890 F
F 7.20 kips
6
(b) For R 0 and indefinite life, ( nc 210 )

7.2
7.2

7.2 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0

7.2 1.890 F
F 3.8 kips

(c) For R 1 and indefinite life

7 .2
7 .2

4.8 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 1
4.8 1.890 F

F 2.5 kips

(d) For R 0.2 and indefinite life

d

7.2
7.2

8.0 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0.2

8.0 1.890 F
F 4.2 kips

961.

A 2-in. round bar is welded to a vertical wall by a 3/8-in. fillet weld as shown in
Fig. 19.8, Text. The bar supports a vertical load of 800 lb at a distance of 10 in.
from the wall. What is the maximum computed stress in the weld? Would this
result be safe for a varying load with R 0 , shielded weld?

Solution:
Fig. 19.8, Text, with additional

3
in 0.375 in
8

D 2 in
F 800 lb
e 10 in

Page 33 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
st

5.66 M 5.66 Fe 5.66 800 10

9609 psi 9.609 ksi

2
bD 2
bD 2
0.375 2

ss

F
F
800

480 psi 0.48 ksi

Dt Db cos 45 2 0.375 cos 45

1
2

2
s
s t
2

2
s

0.48

9.609

1
2

4.83 ksi

Table AT 30, R 0
6
Assume nc 2 10 cycles
7 .2
7.2 4.83 ksi
1 0 .5 R
6
safe for a varying load, nc 2 10 cycles.

962.

The 14-in. structural-steel disk is welded to the plate by a 7/16-in. fillet weld,
360o, shielded arc. The force F acts on a pin attached to the disk. The pin is
short enough that the moment arm to the disk is negligible. Determine a safe
force F for (a) static loading, (b) reversed loading, indefinite life, (c) a varying
load from 0.3F to F indefinite life.

Problem 962
Solution:

7
in
16
7
cos 45 0.3094 in
16

t b cos 45
D 14 in

s s1

Fe
Jc

e 6 sin 60
14 in

Page 34 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
J c 2 r 3t

1
D 3t
4

ss1

F 6 sin 60 14
0.1091F
1
3
14 0.3094
4

sss

F
F

0.0735 F
Dt 14 0.3094

ss s s 0.1091F 0.0735 F 0.1826 F

1

(a) Static loading, Table AT 30, AISC Building Code

13.6 ksi

13.6 0.1826 F
F 74.48 kips

(b) Reversed loading, indefinite life, Table AT 30

5 ksi (Jenning recommendation)
5 0.1826 F
F 27.38 kips

6
(c) Varying load, R 0.3 , indefinite life, Table AT30, nc 2 10 cycles.

7.2
7 .2

8.47 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0.3

8.47 0.1826 F
F 46.38 kips

963.

A bracket is fabricated from -in., AISI-1020 rolled plate with 3/8-in. fillet welds
on both sides of the plates G, H, and J as shown. The welds are made with E6016
welding rod; a central load at L 30 in ; h 11 in . Determine the repeated load
that the welding can support.

Problem 963.
Solution:
b

3
in 0.375 in
8

t b cos 45 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

Page 35 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
L 30 in
h 11 in

ss

2t 2 2t 11 1 2t 2
2

h
FL
2
st
I

Page 36 of 40

F
F

0.13966 F
27t 27 0.2652

SECTION 17 WELDING
t 0.2652 in

2 2 0.2652
11
2 2 0.2652

12
2
3

3
2 2 0.2652
1
2

11 1

2 2 0.2652

12
2

2 0.265211 1
96.2 in 4
12
11
F 30

st
1.715 F
96.2

From Table AT 30, using Jennings recommendation, 14 ksi and assume a strength
reduction factor = 1.4

14
10 ksi
1.4

2
st
s

2

2
s

1
2

10 0.13966 F

1.715 F

F 11.51 kips

964.

1
2

The bracket shown is made of -in. AISI-C1020 rolled plates. The 3/8-in. fillet
welds are on both sides of each plate A and B, E7010 welding rod. The entire
bracket is normalized after welding; L 12 in , a 8 in , and h 8 in . What is
the safe maximum load if it is (a) static, (b) varies from 0.5 F to F for
2 106 cycles and for 105 cycles, (c) R 0 , indefinite life. (d) Considering the
strengths given in Table 19.1, Text, determine the design factor for part (b) and
(c).

Problem 964
Solution:
b

3
in 0.375 in
8

t b cos 45 0.375 cos 45 0.2652 in

L 12 in
h 8 in
a 8 in

Page 37 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING

1
8
1
1
1
2

8 8 1 4 8 2 y 8 2 4 8 2
2
2

y 2.922 in

IG

0.2652 3 8 0.2652 8 2.922 2 0.2652 3 8 1 0.2652 8 1

12

2.922

12

4 0.2652 8
2

12

I 80.3524 in

8
1
2
4 0.2652 8 8 2.922
2
2

A 8 0.2652 8 1 0.2652 4 8 0.2652 11.934 in 2

2

F
F

0.0838 F
A 11.934
FLc
st
I
ss

c 8 2.922 5.078 in

st

FLc F 12 5.078

0.7584 F
I
80.3524

s
ss2 t
2

1
2

0.0838 F

Page 38 of 40

0.7584 F

1
2

0.3884 F

SECTION 17 WELDING

(a) Static loading, Table AT 30, AISC Building Code

13.6 ksi

13.6 0.3884 F
F 35 kips

(b) Variable, R 0.5

6
For nc 2 10 cycles (Table AT 30)

7.2
7.2

9.6 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0.5

9.6 0.3884 F
F 24.7 kips

5
For nc 10 cycles (Table AT 30)

12.5
12.5

16.67 ksi
1 0.5 R 1 0.5 0.5

16.67 0.3884 F
F 42.9 kips

(c) R 0 , indefinite life (Table AT 30)

7.2
7.2 ksi
1 0.5 R
7.2 0.3884 F

F 18.5 kips

(d) From Table 19.1

sn 40.1 ksi , R 0.5 , nc 2 106
sn 46.1 ksi , R 0.5 , nc 10 5

sn 18.1 ksi , R 0 , nc 2 106 (indefinite life)

Design Factor, N
R 0.5 , nc 2 106
N

40.1
4.2
9.6

R 0.5 , nc 10 5
46.1
N
2.8
16.67

R 0 , nc 2 106 (indefinite life)

Page 39 of 40

SECTION 17 WELDING
N

18.1
2 .5
7 .2

- end -

Page 40 of 40