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Saturday,June20,2009

GravimetricFeederControls

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situsini,Andamenyetujuipenggunaan
Cumsmretisniinatural?

Inthermalpowerplantscoaliscombustedinafurnaceandwateris
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Redfermitateaiscoatenevidenformele!
KumpulanBisyarIndonesia
heatedtogeneratesteam.Thusinthermalpowerplants,monitoring
Metodaceamaisimpleste...
MENGERTI
Terverifikasi,notipu2.FollowTwitterkamiuntuk
andcontrolofcoalflowtothefurnaceisanimportantprocessand
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DISCLAIMER
oneofthemethodsforthisprocessisdiscussedbelow.
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BlogArchive
2009(2)
July(1)
June(1)
Thebasicideaofcoalflowcontrolisthespeedcontrolofaconveyor
belt(approx.3mlong)thatisfeedingcoaltothecoalpulveriser.A
variablespeeddrive(typicallyafixedspeedinductionmotor
coupledtoamagneticclutch)isaprimemoveroftheconveyorbelt.
Arolleratmidlengthoftheconveyorbeltsupportstwoloadcells
suspendedverticallyfromeithersideoftheconveyorbelt.The
speedofthedriveismeasuredbyatachogenerator.
x=loadcellsignal(inmV)
f(x)=massofcoalonperunitlengthoftheconveyorbelt(Kg/m)
y=Speedofthedrive(inrpm)
f(y)=speedoftheconveyorbelt(inm/s)
Nowcomputationofcoalflowmeasurementisdoneas
Coalflow=f(x)*f(y)

GravimetricFeederControls

(Kg/s)(Kg/m)(m/s)
Thecoalflowisachievedasfollows

Itistobeunderstoodthatinordertomaintaintherequiredthecoal
flow,wemeasuretheexistingcoalflowandadjusttheconveyor
beltspeedtoachievethedesiredcoalflow.Thedemand(orrequired
coalflow)isgenerallygivenbytheplantDistributedControlSystem
whichtakesintoaccountthepowerdemandofthegridandother
boilerparameters.
Thesignalconditioningofthemeasuredsignalsandcomputationof
controlvoltagetotheVariablespeeddrive(typicallyaeddycurrent
clutch)isdoneasshownbelow

ThesignalformloadcellsisinmVanditissuitablyamplifiedand
convertedintoadigitalsignalandreadbyamicroprocessor.The
outputfromthetachogeneratorisaacvoltageandthisacsignalis
convertedintopulsesandbecomestheinputforafrequency
counter.Thisfrequencyisreadbythemicroprocesor.Considering
thesetwosignalsandtheFuelflowdemandadigitalcontrolvoltage
isgeneratedandgiventoaEddyCurrentclutch(ECC)card.ThisECC
cardconvertsthedigitalsignaltoaanalogdcvoltagesignal.Apart
fromthis,theECCcardincorporatesaPIcontrollerwhichcontrols
theDCvoltagetotheECCcoil.
DetailsofEddycurrentclutch(ECC)
TheECCisaelectromechanicaldevicewhichusestheprincipleof
magneticclutchtocontrolthespeedoftheconveyorbelt.

TheDCoutputvoltagefromtheECCcardisgiventothemagnetizing
coil.Whenthecoilmagnetizes,itproduceseddycurrentsinthe
nonmagneticbody.Theseeddycurrentsproduceamagneticfield
whichislinkedwiththeRotatingcup.TheRotatingcupformsthe
upperassemblywhereasthenonmagneticbody,themagnetizing
coilalongwiththetwotachogeneratorsformthelowerassembly.It
isinterestingtonotethatthesetwoassembliesarephysically
isolatedfromeachotherbuttheyaremagneticallycoupled.The
magnetizingcoilproduceseddycurrentsinthenonmagneticbody
(lowerassy).Theseeddycurrentsproducesmagneticfluxwhich
locksthenonmagneticbody(lowerassy)withtheRotatingcup
(upperassy).Thisisamagneticcouplingofthenonmagneticbody
withtheRotatingcup.Afixedspeedinductionmotorrotatesthe
Rotatingcup.ThisRotatingcupinturnrotatesthelowerassemblyand
thustheconveyorbeltthroughthegearsystem.Thisisshowninthe
figurebelow

AstheDCvoltagetothemagnetizingcoilincreases,themagnetic
couplingbecomesstrongandthelowerassy(nonmagnetizingbody)
catcheswiththeupperassy(Rotatingcup)morestrongly.This
increasesthespeedoftheconveyorbeltandhencethecoalflow.
Conversely,astheDCvoltagetothemagnetizingcoildecreases,
themagneticcouplingbetweentheupperandthelowerassy
weakensandalthoughtheupperassyrotatesatafixedspeed,the
lowerassylagsbehindanditsspeeddecreases.Thisreducesthe
speedoftheconveyorbeltandhencethecoalflow.

CalibrationofGravimetricFeeders
The Gravimetric coal feeders calculates the coal flow by measuring
the instantaneous weight of coal on the coalbelt.For this the load
cell output (in mV) must be correlated with a standard weight.For
this purpose we subject the loadcells to a standard weight and run
the empty belt.In this condition the tachogenerators are measuring
the speed of the belt .Simultaneously the speed of the belt is also
measured by a photopickup method (another alternative speed
measurementmethod).
Imp.note : All these measured quantities are stored in the
microprocessorasrawcountsconvertedintoHEXnumbers
Now
Referencecoalflow=Loadcellsignalforstd.weightxspeedofbelt
(rawcounts)(asmeasuredbyphotopickupmethod)
Measuredcoalflow=Loadcellsignalforstd.weightxspeedofbelt
(rawcounts)(asmeasuredbytachogenerator)
Deviation=ReferenceMeasured
This Deviation has to be less than a userselectable allowable
deviation ( generally 0.01%).If the deviation is more, then belt
tightness,loadcell alignment etc has to be adjusted and calibration
hastobereperformed.
Alsoarawcountcorelationfactor(m)isestimatedas

m=Referencecoalflow(Kg/s)/Referencecoalflow(rawcounts)
Also during the calibration process the loadcell signal (in terms of
raw counts) is compared for the coal belt empty condition and for
the standard weight engaged on the loadcells condition.This gives
the tareweight (in rawcounts ) for the empty belt.Let us call this
tareweightconstantasc.
Thevaluesofmandcarestoredinthemicroprocessor.
During normal operation of the coalfeeder , the coalflow is
calculatedas
y=mx+(c)
x=measuredcoalflowrawcounts
y=measuredcoalflow(Kg/s)

tobecontinued
ProtectionandInterlocksofGravimetricfeeders
ProblemsofGravimetricfeeders
PostedbyAshishNimsarkarat11:59AM

Labels:ashishnimsarkar,coalflow,fuelflow,Gravimetricfeeder,
instrumentation,powerplants,thermalpower

4comments:
sany July2,2009at9:22PM
Ashish, \Nice effort.We can improvise the content by adding
typesofCoalpulerizerandcontrols.
Iwillupdateyouonthis.
Reply

Gi3.ca May31,2011at11:29PM
Hi,Iamvisityourblogsandreadyourcontent.Yourcontent
and services are very nice. I am very impressed from your
service. Conveyor a wide variety of products and fulfill a
wide variety of applications. I am very happiness of these
services.
Reply

Sud23 April28,2012at3:50AM
Haveupublishedthenexttopics?

ProtectionandInterlocksofGravimetricfeeders
ProblemsofGravimetricfeeders?
Reply

EPOCHLOADCELL September29,2012at12:53AM
hi! very nice blogs your site is good.have shared useful
information......Thankqforloadcellamplifier
loadcells
Reply

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