Assalamualaikum wr wb

Good morning reviewers and supervisor, I would like to thank you for coming to
my presentation today. Iwant to present my final task with title, slide 1.
As we know, monaziite is slide 2, in Indonesia monazite exist in Bangka.
in many countries are now racing to develop the latest generation of nuclear
reactors. one of the variables of latest NPP is fuel. one of the latest fuel is a
mixture of thorium oxide and uranium oxide. thorium utilization in Indonesia in
not maximal, thorium is one of monazite mineral. So my research background
are slide 3. From that background I want to Goal
to achieve my goal then should be done several steps are as follows. Slide 4
determination of capacity refers to the NPP in Indonesia. Indonesia in late 2025
planned to have four nuclear power plants each have a 1000MWe power. to meet
the 1000 mwe then thorium oxide capacity per year is as follows slide 5
There are two processes that are known to process monazite, is the process of
alkali and sulfate process. explanations for each process is shown in the figure
below Slide 6.
First, monazite refined by crushing then after reaching the right size and then
digestion with NaOH, after that it is separated filtrate and residue. filtrate
containing Na3PO4 entered on waste treatment, while the residue is dissolved in
HCl to separate rare earth element, after that precipitatedd using NH4OH at pH
6. residue deposition pH 6 will enter the purification process of thorium, whereas
the filtrate will be put on rare eart element purification process.
Processing of monazite for sulphate process starts by dissolving monazite using a
sulfuric acid solution, then filtered to separate the residue and filtrate. the filtrate
is H3PO4. the residue is then deposited using NH4OH then diluted to a pH of 1.
The next step is to separate the residue and filtrate by filtration. residues will
enter the refining process thorium while filtrate is then deposited using NH4OH
to pH 2.3. the residue of the deposition will be entered into the process of
refining REE and the filtrate is then deposited using NH4OH. residue of sediment
will enter into the process of refining uranium and the filtrate will be included in
the waste treatment process.
after obtained the plant's capacity, then determined the process will be used at
this plant. determination process based on some of the following. Slide 7
after determine the process the next step is to determine the mass balance.
consideration in the determination of the mass balance is whether there is a
reaction to the process. The following is an explanation slide 8
after determination of the mass balance the next step is determining the heat
balance. consideration in the determination of the heat balance is heat capacity
of materials and the heat of reaction. Slide 9
then determine the layout of equipment, there are several factors to determine
the layout of the equipment, the following is an explanation slide 10

after determining the layout of the equipment we then determine the location of
each building at the factory. there are several factors that affect the
determination of the layout of the factory , there is slide 11

determining the design of the equipment conforms to the equation to determine

the dimensions of each equipment. the equipment used at this plant is the
reactor, rotary vacuum drum filters, ballmill, mixer and settler, rotary dryer and
rotary kiln. The step to determine the dimensions of the equipment are as
follows slide 12
and then the result of the planning must consider several factors: like slide 14
the last step in the pre-design of this plant is to calculate the economic analysis.
stage begins with calculating the raw material cost, then calculate the
equipment cost, wage of the employee, capital cost, manufacturing cost, general
expense and the final total production costs slide 19