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SCHOOL,
GHAZIABAD
INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT ON:Charging and discharging of
capacitor in R-C circuits
INDEX
S no.
Page no.
TOPICS
1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3
2. CERTIFICATE
4
3. INVESTIGATORY PROJECT REPORT
(i) Aim
6
(ii) Introduction
6-7
(iii) Materials required
78
(iv) Theory
810
(v) Procedure
10-12
(vi) Observations and Calculations
12-14
(vii) Conclusion
15
(viii) References
15
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
On completion of my investigatory
project I feel extremely delighted but
it wasnt a single effort. First of all I
would like to thank my parents for
helping me and encouraging me to
continue this project and helping me
financially as well. Then I would like to
thank my mentor and teacher Mr. Amit
Mishra for teaching me the basics of
this investigation. I would also like to
thank my class teacher Mr. Ajay Tyagi
CERTIFICATE
This is hereby to certify that the
original and genuine investigation
work has been carried out to
investigate about the subject matter
and the related data collection and
investigation has been completed
solely, sincerely and satisfactorily by
SHIVAM SHEKHAR of CLASS XII A,
Ryan International School,
GHAZIABAD, regarding his project
Teachers Signature
INVESTIGATO
RY
PROJECT
ON:Charging and discharging
of capacitors in R-C
circuit
1.
Aim:-
2.
Introduction:-
3.
Materials Required:-
1. Breadboard
2. 100F capacitor
3. 1 M resistor
4. multimeter
5. 9V battery
4.
Theory:-
V e xt
10
Q
Vc = C
Q
C - iR=0
dQ
Since i= dt
Q
C
Therefore, E E-
Q
C
dQ
dt R=0
dQ
= dt R
dQ
EC-Q= dt RC
Integrating both sides
t
1
RC
0
ln
dt =
ECQ
EC
1 EC
1
dQ
ECQ
0
= RC . (ii)
t
= e RC
t
RC
(1e )
t
RC
(1e )
Here, Q
.. (iii)
charge at time t
Qo
max charge
11
CV=CVo (1e RC )
t
t
RC
(e )
5.
(i)
12
(ii)
(iv) Now take the battery and connect its terminals across
the terminals of the capacitor and start the stop watch.
Note the readings at 20sec intervals and write them
down. [NOTE:- Reading the previous statement could be
astonishing as it says that measure voltage at 20sec
interval but one could question that current move at
very high speed so how could one measure the
13
6. Observations and
calculations:Sn
o.
Multimeter
reading while
charging( in volt)
Multimeter
reading while
discharging(in
volt)
Time ( in
seconds)
1.
2.
0
1.65
8.95
7.34
0
20
3.
3.02
6.00
40
4.
4.11
4.91
60
5.
4.90
4.03
80
6.
5.69
3.30
100 ()
14
7.
6.72
2.21
140
8.
7.00
1.54
180
9.
8.12
0.74
250
10
.
8.40
0.43
300
charging of capacitor
9
8
7
6
Y-Values
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
100
(ii)
200
For discharging:-
300
400
15
Discharging of capacitor
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Y-Values
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
16
Calculations:Now since the graphs are very much similar to the graphs of
charging and discharging of capacitor.
At =100sec, during charging of capacitor the voltage on
capacitor is 5.69 volt as it is observed in the experiment. Now
using the charging formula:t
V=9(1- e t )
1
V=9(1- e )
V=5.67 5.69
17
7.
Conclusion:-
8.
References:-
Google.co.in
En.wikipedia.org
Concepts of physics part 2 by H.C. Verma
This project is completely created with the help of Microsoft
word 2007 and the graphs, equations and observation tables
are also created with the help of the same.