Problemas Resueltos de Calculo Cimentaciones y Estructuras PDF

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Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras
Problemas resueltos
de calculo:
cimentaciones y
estructuras
Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016
Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 1.52 x 1.52

Calcular la carga admisible bruta
Los resultados se dan en unidades metricas (SI) e inglesas
Profundidad de la zapata
Angulo de rozamiento
Cohesion
Peso especifico
z
a.r
c
p.e
= 0.91 m
= 20 grados
= 15.32 kN/m =
= 18.08 kN/m =
319.99 lb/pie
114.99 lb/pie
Carga inicial
q = 16.53 kN/m = 345.24 lb/pie
la formula de Terzaghi-Vesic para una zapata cuadrada es:
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
(Si la zapata fuese redonda se sustituye 0.4 por 0.3 y B es el
diametro)
Antes de seguir adelante aclararemos algo esta formula: Nc, Nq y
Ny son tres coeficientes propios de esa formula. Se calculan con
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
Nq = (tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
6.40
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
14.83
Ny = 2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
5.39
en estas formulas a es el angulo de rozamiento en radianes,
es decir a=a.r*pi/180
Con estos coeficientes calculamos la carga ultima por m (qu),
donde
q es la presion inicial, y p.e es el peso especifico del
terreno sobre la base de la zapata sin saturar. (es decir
quitandole
10 kN/m3 al peso especifico saturado si fuera necesario):
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*15.32*14.83 + 16.53* 6.40 + 0.4* 1.52*18.08* 5.39 = 460.62
kN/m = 9620.11 lb/pie
La carga admisible por m sera:
q.adm=qu/F = 460.62/4 =
115.16 kN/m = 2405.03 lb/pie
y la carga admisible bruta es: Q = q.adm*B*L = 115.16* 1.52* 1.52
= 267.46 kN =
60.13 klb
............................................................

Cohesion
Peso especifico
z
a.r
c
p.e
= 0.76 m
= 20 grados
= 15.32 kN/m =
= 18.08 kN/m =
319.99 lb/pie
114.99 lb/pie
Carga inicial
q = 13.78 kN/m = 287.70 lb/pie
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
diametro)
Ny
son tres coeficientes propios de esa formula. Se calculan con
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
6.40
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
14.83
=
5.39
donde
quitandole
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*15.32*14.83 + 13.78* 6.40 + 0.4* 1.22*18.08* 5.39 = 431.12
kN/m = 9003.94 lb/pie
q.adm=qu/F = 431.12/4 =
107.78 kN/m = 2250.99 lb/pie
= 160.21 kN =
36.02 klb
...........................................

Cohesion
Peso especifico
z
a.r
c
p.e
= 2.13 m
= 30 grados
= 17.24 kN/m =
= 16.51 kN/m =
359.99 lb/pie
104.99 lb/pie
Carga inicial
q = 35.22 kN/m = 735.51 lb/pie
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
diametro)
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
18.40
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
30.14
=
22.40
donde
quitandole
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*17.24*30.14 + 35.22*18.40 + 0.4* 1.83*16.51*22.40 = 1593.90
kN/m = %33288.50 lb/pie
q.adm=qu/F = 1593.90/4 =
398.47 kN/m = 8322.13 lb/pie
= 1332.70 kN = 299.62 klb
............................................................

z = 1.22 m
a.r = 27 grados
Cohesion
c = 13.41 kN/m = 279.99 lb/pie
Peso especifico
p.e = 16.51 kN/m = 104.99 lb/pie
--------------------------------------------------------------------Carga inicial
q = 20.12 kN/m = 420.29 lb/pie
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
diametro)
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
13.20
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
23.94
=
14.47
donde
quitandole
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*13.41*23.94 + 20.12*13.20 + 0.4* 0.91*16.51*14.47 = 770.25
kN/m = %16086.64 lb/pie
q.adm=qu/F = 770.25/4 =
192.56 kN/m = 4021.66 lb/pie
= 161.01 kN =
36.20 klb
...............................................

z = 2.44 m
a.r = 34 grados
Cohesion
c = 15.80 kN/m = 329.99 lb/pie
Peso especifico
p.e = 17.61 kN/m = 111.99 lb/pie
--------------------------------------------------------------------Carga inicial
q = 42.93 kN/m = 896.62 lb/pie
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
diametro)
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
29.44
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
42.16
=
41.06
donde
quitandole
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*15.80*42.16 + 42.93*29.44 + 0.4* 2.13*17.61*41.06 = 2746.98
kN/m = %57370.61 lb/pie
q.adm=qu/F = 2746.98/4 =
686.74 kN/m = %14342.65 lb/pie
= 3126.23 kN = 702.84 klb
........................................

Cohesion
Peso especifico
z
a.r
c
p.e
= 2.74 m
= 29 grados
= 14.84 kN/m =
= 18.39 kN/m =
309.99 lb/pie
116.99 lb/pie
Carga inicial
q = 50.45 kN/m = 1053.73 lb/pie
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny
diametro)
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
16.44
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
27.86
=
19.34
donde
quitandole
qu = 1.3*c*Nc + q*Nq + 0.4*B*p.e*Ny =
1.3*14.84*27.86 + 50.45*16.44 + 0.4* 2.44*18.39*19.34 = 1714.12
kN/m = %35799.43 lb/pie
q.adm=qu/F = 1714.12/4 =
428.53 kN/m = 8949.86 lb/pie
= 2547.95 kN = 572.83 klb
........................................
Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, bajo el nivel fretico, en el terreno

se realiza
un ensayo de resistencia a la penetracin estandar con estos
resultados:
Profundidad
Nf
___________ ____________
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
1.52
5
6
3.05 10
8
4.57 15
8
6.10 20
12
7.62 25
7
_________________________
Los resultados se dan en unidades mtricas (SI) e inglesas
Carga admisible bruta
Q.adm = 533.76 kN
= 120 lb
z =
1.52 m
=
5 pies
Profundidad del nivel fretico z.n.f =
0.30 m
=
1 pies
Terreno sobre el nivel fretico:
Peso especfico
p.e =
18.86 kN/m = 120
lb/pie
Terreno bajo el nivel fretico:
Peso espec.ifico saturado p.e.sat =
19.49 kN/m = 124
lb/pie
lo primero que hacemos es calcular el ngulo de rozamiento: para
ello se corrigen los nmeros
Nf del ensayo de penetracin de campo con la frmula de LiaoWhitman: Ncorr = Nf*sqr(1/p.t.p)
donde sqr() significa raiz cuadrada y p.t.p es la presin del
terreno sobre el plano considerado.
En esta frmula la presin del terreno debe darse en Ton(US)/pie
(toneladas americanas por pi)
1 Ton(US) = 2000 libras = 2000*4.448/1000 kN = 8.896 kN
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
En el SI el peso especfico del agua es de 9.81 kN/m3 y en
unidades inglesas: 62.4 lb/pi^3
En los niveles donde la profunidad d(m) sa mayor que el nivel
freatico z.n.f, el peso
10
especifico corregido sera p.e.c=p.e.sat - 9.81 = 19.49- 9.81 =

9.68 kN/m^3
Estrato que contiene el nivel fretico:
p.t.p(1)=p.t.p(0) + (z.n.f-d(0))*p.e + (d(1)-z.n.f)*p.e.c =
0.00 + ( 0.30- 0.00)*18.86 + ( 1.52- 0.30)*
9.68 = 17.56 kN/m = 17.56/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
Ncorr=N(m)*sqr(1/(p.t.p(m)/95.76))
= Ncorr (1) = 6 *
sqr(1/17.56/95.76)
= 15
En los niveles donde la profunidad d(m) sea mayor que el nivel
9.68 kN/m^3
Estrato debajo del nivel fretico:
p.t.p(2)=p.t.p(1) + (d(2)-d(1))*p.e.c = 17.56 + 3.05- 1.52* 9.68
= 32.31 kN/m = 32.31/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 8 *
sqr(1/32.31/95.76)
= 14
9.68 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 32.31 + 4.57- 3.05* 9.68
= 47.07 kN/m = 47.07/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 8 *
sqr(1/47.07/95.76)
= 12
9.68 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 47.07 + 6.10- 4.57* 9.68
= 61.82 kN/m = 61.82/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 12 *
sqr(1/61.82/95.76)
= 15
9.68 kN/m^3
11
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 61.82 + 7.62- 6.10* 9.68

= 76.58 kN/m = 76.58/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 7 *
sqr(1/76.58/95.76)
= 8
Con estos valores de N corregidos, los sumamos y obtenemos
S.N.corr, y calculamos su valor promedio:
N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 64/5 = 12.8 = 13
y aplicando la frmula de Hatanaka y Uchida:
a.r=sqr(20*a)+20 = sqr(20*13)+20 = 37 grados
La presin admisible es q.adm = Q.adm/B^2 = 533.76/B^2 kN/m
Utilizando la ecuacin de Meyerhof, para c (cohesin) = 0
La ecuacin completa de Meyerhof es esta:
qu=c*Nc*Fcs*Fcd*Fci + q*Nq*Fqs*Fqd*Fqi + y*B*Fys*Fyd*Fyi
En esta ecuacin c es la cohesin; q es la presin al nivel
considerado; y es el peso especfico del suelo (se descuenta el
p.e. del agua si esta saturado), el resto de factores son
coeficientes de forma (s), profundidad (d) e inclinacin (i)
Los coeficientes N son los de Terzaghi-Vesic.
En este caso se elimina el primer trmino por ser c=0 y algunos
coeficientes (=1)
qu/F = q.adm = Q.adm/B^2 =
(q*Nq*Fqs*Fqd + (p.e.sat-9.81)*B*Ny*Fys*Fyd/2)/3
En la igualdad anterior ha de tenerse en cuenta que las unidades
deben ser unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
37*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
de rozamiento a.r en radianes es a = a.r*pi/180 =
= 0.65 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
42.92
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
55.63
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
66.19
Fqs = 1+(B/L)*tan(a) =
1.75
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
Para simplificar ponemos :
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.75*((1- 0.60)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 0.96/B
La presin inicial tiene este valor:
q=z.n.f*p.e+(z-z.n.f)*(p.e.sat-9.81) =
0.30*18.86+( 1.52- 0.30)*(19.49-9.81) = 17.56 kN/m =
lb/pie^2
0.96
366.65
12
__________________________________________________
Ahora resolvemos la ecuacin de Meyerhof
Q.adm/B^2 = (q*Nq*Fqs*Fqd + (p.e.sat-9.81)*B*Ny*Fys*Fyd/2)/3
Para simplificar hacemos t=q*Nq*Fqs = 17.56*42.92* 1.75/3 =
440.41
y tambin r=(p.e.sat-9.81)*Ny*Fys*Fyd/2/3 = (19.49-9.81)66.19*
0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
64.09
Por lo que la ecuacin de Meyerhof quedar as:(t*(1 +k/B) +
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 440.41*(1 + 0.96/B) +
admisible)
64.09*B)/3 = 533.76/B^2
y esta ecuacin se resuelve

q*Nq*Fqs
9198.2 lb/pie^2
(p.e.sat-9.81)*Ny*Fys*Fyd/2
407.7 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448
(presin
con t, r y Q.adm en unidades inglesas:

= t = t/0.04788 = 440.41/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
64.09/0.1572
= 1000* 533.76/4.448 = 120000.0 lb
( 9198.2*(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71*B) = 120000.0/B^2

esta ecuacin se resuelve por tanteo o por recursin con una
rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
rem t*(1 +k/b) + r*b = Q.adm/B^2
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
loop until abs(B-b.a)<0.05
que asegura un error inferior a 0.05 pis
El lado de la zapata ser =
3.00 pis =
0.91 m
........................................
0.95 m
13

se realiza
resultados:
Profundidad
Nf
___________ ____________
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
1.22
4
7
3.05 10
9
3.66 12
6
4.88 16
11
7.32 24
7
_________________________
--------------------------------------------------------------------Carga admisible bruta
Q.adm = 622.72 kN
= 140 lb
z =
1.37 m
=
5 pies
0.40 m
=
1 pies
Peso especfico
p.e =
18.86 kN/m = 120
lb/pie
19.49 kN/m = 124
lb/pie
--------------------------------------------------------------------lo primero que hacemos es calcular el ngulo de rozamiento: para
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
14

9.68 kN/m^3
0.00 + ( 0.40- 0.00)*18.86 + ( 1.22- 0.40)*
9.68 = 15.44 kN/m = 15.44/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (1) = 7 *
sqr(1/15.44/95.76)
= 18
9.68 kN/m^3
p.t.p(2)=p.t.p(1) + (d(2)-d(1))*p.e.c = 15.44 + 3.05- 1.22* 9.68
= 33.15 kN/m = 33.15/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 9 *
sqr(1/33.15/95.76)
= 16
9.68 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 33.15 + 3.66- 3.05* 9.68
= 39.05 kN/m = 39.05/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 6 *
sqr(1/39.05/95.76)
= 10
9.68 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 39.05 + 4.88- 3.66* 9.68
= 50.86 kN/m = 50.86/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 11 *
sqr(1/50.86/95.76)
= 16
9.68 kN/m^3
15
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 50.86 + 7.32- 4.88* 9.68

= 74.47 kN/m = 74.47/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 7 *
sqr(1/74.47/95.76)
= 8
N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 68/5 = 13.6 = 14
considerado; y es
el peso especfico del suelo (se descuenta el p.e. del agua si
esta saturado),
el resto de factores son coeficientes de forma (s), profundidad
(d) e inclinacin (i)
coeficientes (=1)
qu/F = q.adm = Q.adm/B^2 = (q*Nq*Fqs*Fqd + (p.e.sat9.81)*B*Ny*Fys*Fyd/2)/3
deben ser
unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
37*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
= 0.65 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
42.92
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
55.63
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
66.19
1.75
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.75*((1- 0.60)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 0.96/B
La presin inicial tiene este valor: q=z.n.f*p.e+(zz.n.f)*(p.e.sat-9.81) =
0.96
16
0.40*18.86+( 1.37- 0.40)*(19.49-9.81) = 16.92 kN/m =

lb/pie^2
__________________________________________________
353.36

424.45
0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
64.09
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 424.45*(1 + 0.96/B) +
admisible)
64.09*B)/3 = 622.72/B^2

q*Nq*Fqs
8864.9 lb/pie^2
407.7 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448
(presin

= t = t/0.04788 = 424.45/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
64.09/0.1572
= 1000* 622.72/4.448 = 140000.0 lb
( 8864.9*(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71*B) = 140000.0/B^2

rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
3.31 pis =
1.01 m
1.05 m
.................................................................
..

se realiza
resultados:
17
Profundidad
Nf
___________ ____________
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
1.22
4
4
3.02 10
9
3.66 12
6
6.55 22
10
6.40 21
8
_________________________
Q.adm = 489.28 kN
= 110 lb
z =
0.98 m
=
3 pies
0.32 m
=
1 pies
Peso especfico
p.e =
17.83 kN/m = 113
lb/pie
16.41 kN/m = 104
lb/pie
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
6.60 kN/m^3
0.00 + ( 0.32- 0.00)*17.83 + ( 1.22- 0.32)*
18
6.60 = 11.64 kN/m = 11.64/95.76 Ton(US)/pie

= Ncorr (1) = 3.7 *
sqr(1/11.64/95.76)
= 11
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(2)=p.t.p(1) + (d(2)-d(1))*p.e.c = 11.64 + 3.02- 1.22* 6.60
= 23.51 kN/m = 23.51/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 9 *
sqr(1/23.51/95.76)
= 19
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 23.51 + 3.66- 3.02* 6.60
= 27.74 kN/m = 27.74/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 6 *
sqr(1/27.74/95.76)
= 12
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 27.74 + 6.55- 3.66* 6.60
= 46.85 kN/m = 46.85/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 10 *
sqr(1/46.85/95.76)
= 15
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 46.85 + 6.40- 6.55* 6.60
= 45.85 kN/m = 45.85/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 8 *
sqr(1/45.85/95.76)
= 12
19

N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 69/5 = 13.8 = 14
considerado; y es
esta saturado),
coeficientes (=1)
deben ser
unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
37*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
= 0.65 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
42.92
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
55.63
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
66.19
1.75
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.75*((1- 0.60)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 0.96/B
0.32*17.83+( 0.98- 0.32)*(16.41-9.81) = 10.03 kN/m =
lb/pie^2
__________________________________________________
0.96
209.51

20

251.66
0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
43.70
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 251.66*(1 + 0.96/B) +
admisible)
43.70*B)/3 = 489.28/B^2

q*Nq*Fqs
5256.1 lb/pie^2
278.0 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448
(presin

= t = t/0.04788 = 251.66/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
43.70/0.1572
= 1000* 489.28/4.448 = 110000.0 lb
( 5256.1*(1 + 0.96/B) + 277.98*B) = 110000.0/B^2

rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
3.80 pis =
1.16 m
..................................................
1.2 m
21

se realiza
resultados:
Profundidad
Nf
___________ ____________
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
1.22
4
3
3.66 12
9
3.66 12
6
6.40 21
10
6.40 21
8
_________________________
Q.adm = 978.56 kN
= 220 lb
z =
1.37 m
=
5 pies
1.54 m
=
5 pies
Peso especfico
p.e =
19.24 kN/m = 122
lb/pie
16.41 kN/m = 104
lb/pie
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
22

19.24 kN/m^3
Estrato por encima del nivel fretico:
p.t.p(1)=p.t.p(0) + (d(1)-d(0))*p.e
= 0 + ( 1.22- 0.00)*19.24 =
23.46 kN/m = 23.4590/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (1) = 3 *
sqr(1/23.46/95.76)
= 7
6.60 kN/m^3
23.46 + ( 1.54- 1.22)*19.24 + ( 3.66- 1.54)*
6.60 = 43.60 kN/m = 43.60/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 9 *
sqr(1/43.60/95.76)
= 14
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 43.60 + 3.66- 3.66* 6.60
= 43.60 kN/m = 43.60/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 6 *
sqr(1/43.60/95.76)
= 9
6.60 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 43.60 + 6.40- 3.66* 6.60
= 61.71 kN/m = 61.71/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 10 *
sqr(1/61.71/95.76)
= 13
6.60 kN/m^3
23
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 61.71 + 6.40- 6.40* 6.60

= 61.71 kN/m = 61.71/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 8 *
sqr(1/61.71/95.76)
= 10
N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 53/5 = 10.6 = 11
considerado; y es
esta saturado),
coeficientes (=1)
deben ser
unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
35*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
= 0.61 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
33.30
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
46.12
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
48.03
1.70
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.70*((1- 0.57)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 1.02/B
1.02
24
1.54*19.24+( 1.37- 1.54)*(16.41-9.81) = 28.51 kN/m =

lb/pie^2
__________________________________________________
595.45

537.99
0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
31.71
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 537.99*(1 + 1.02/B) +
admisible)
31.71*B)/3 = 978.56/B^2

q*Nq*Fqs
11236.2 lb/pie^2
201.7 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448
(presin

= t = t/0.04788 = 537.99/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
31.71/0.1572
= 1000* 978.56/4.448 = 220000.0 lb
( 11236.2*(1 + 1.02/B) + 201.70*B) = 220000.0/B^2

rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
3.83 pis =
1.17 m
1.2 m
............................................
se realiza
resultados:
Profundidad
___________
Nf
____________
25
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
1.52
5
5
4.27 14
5
4.27 14
6
6.40 21
10
6.40 21
8
_________________________
Q.adm = 1868.16 kN
= 420 lb
z =
1.55 m
=
5 pies
2.24 m
=
7 pies
Peso especfico
p.e =
19.23 kN/m = 122
lb/pie
19.19 kN/m = 122
lb/pie
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
19.23 kN/m^3
p.t.p(1)=p.t.p(0) + (d(1)-d(0))*p.e
= 0 + ( 1.52- 0.00)*19.23 =
29.31 kN/m = 29.3117/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (1) = 5 *
sqr(1/29.31/95.76)
= 10
26

9.38 kN/m^3
29.31 + ( 2.24- 1.52)*19.23 + ( 4.27- 2.24)*
9.38 = 62.08 kN/m = 62.08/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 5 *
sqr(1/62.08/95.76)
= 7
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 62.08 + 4.27- 4.27* 9.38
= 62.08 kN/m = 62.08/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 6 *
sqr(1/62.08/95.76)
= 8
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 62.08 + 6.40- 4.27* 9.38
= 82.10 kN/m = 82.10/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 10 *
sqr(1/82.10/95.76)
= 11
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 82.10 + 6.40- 6.40* 9.38
= 82.10 kN/m = 82.10/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 8 *
sqr(1/82.10/95.76)
= 9
27
N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 45/5 = 9 = 10
considerado; y es
esta saturado),
coeficientes (=1)
deben ser
unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
35*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
= 0.61 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
33.30
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
46.12
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
48.03
1.70
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.70*((1- 0.57)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 1.02/B
2.24*19.23+( 1.55- 2.24)*(19.19-9.81) = 36.62 kN/m =
lb/pie^2
__________________________________________________
1.02
764.88

691.07
28

0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
45.07
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 691.07*(1 + 1.02/B) +
admisible)
45.07*B)/3 = 1868.16/B^2

q*Nq*Fqs
14433.4 lb/pie^2
286.7 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448
(presin

= t = t/0.04788 = 691.07/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
45.07/0.1572
= 1000*1868.16/4.448 = 420000.0 lb
( 14433.4*(1 + 1.02/B) + 286.71*B) = 420000.0/B^2

rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
4.71 pis =
1.44 m
1.45 m
.........................................................
se realiza
resultados:
Profundidad
Nf
___________ ____________
m
pies golpes/30cm.
_________________________
2.13
7
7
5.18 17
5
5.18 17
6
6.40 21
20
6.40 21
4
29
_________________________
Q.adm = 2802.24 kN
= 630 lb
z =
1.55 m
=
5 pies
2.68 m
=
9 pies
Peso especfico
p.e =
19.18 kN/m = 122
lb/pie
19.19 kN/m = 122
lb/pie
1 Ton(US)/pi^2 = 95.76 kN/m2
19.18 kN/m^3
p.t.p(1)=p.t.p(0) + (d(1)-d(0))*p.e
= 0 + ( 2.13- 0.00)*19.18 =
40.92 kN/m = 40.9190/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (1) = 7 *
sqr(1/40.92/95.76)
= 11
9.38 kN/m^3
30

40.92 + ( 2.68- 2.13)*19.18 + ( 5.18- 2.68)*
9.38 = 74.90 kN/m = 74.90/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (2) = 5 *
sqr(1/74.90/95.76)
= 6
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(3)=p.t.p(2) + (d(3)-d(2))*p.e.c = 74.90 + 5.18- 5.18* 9.38
= 74.90 kN/m = 74.90/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (3) = 6 *
sqr(1/74.90/95.76)
= 7
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(4)=p.t.p(3) + (d(4)-d(3))*p.e.c = 74.90 + 6.40- 5.18* 9.38
= 86.34 kN/m = 86.34/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (4) = 20 *
sqr(1/86.34/95.76)
= 22
9.38 kN/m^3
p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 86.34 + 6.40- 6.40* 9.38
= 86.34 kN/m = 86.34/95.76 Ton(US)/pie
= Ncorr (5) = 4 *
sqr(1/86.34/95.76)
= 5
N.corr.p=S.Ncorr/5 = 51/5 = 10.2 = 11
31

considerado; y es
esta saturado),
coeficientes (=1)
deben ser
unidades inglesas
e =
El angulo
35*pi/180
Nq =
Nc =
Ny =
2.718281828459
pi=3.141592:
= 0.61 radianes
(tan(pi/4 + a/2))^2 * e^(pi*tan(a)) =
33.30
(Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
46.12
2*(Nq+1)*tan(a)
=
48.03
1.70
Fys = 1-0.4*(B/L)
=
0.60
Fyd
=
1.00
Fqd = 1 + 2*tan(a) * ((1-sin(a))^2) * 4/B =
k=2*tan(a)*((1-sin(a))^2)*4 = 2* 0.70*((1- 0.57)^2)*4 =
Fqd = 1 + k/B = 1 + 1.02/B
2.68*19.18+( 1.55- 2.68)*(19.19-9.81) = 40.86 kN/m =
lb/pie^2
__________________________________________________
1.02
853.34

770.99
0.60* 1.00/2/3) =
45.07
r*B)/3 = Q.adm/B^2
( 770.99*(1 + 1.02/B) +
45.07*B)/3 = 2802.24/B^2
(presin
32
admisible)
q*Nq*Fqs
16102.6 lb/pie^2
286.7 lb/pie^3
Q.adm= 1000*Q.adm/4.448

= t = t/0.04788 = 770.99/0.04788 =
= r = r/0.1572
45.07/0.1572
= 1000*2802.24/4.448 = 630000.0 lb
( 16102.6*(1 + 1.02/B) + 286.71*B) = 630000.0/B^2

rutina como esta,
b=0.7
do
b.a=b
B=sqr(Q.adm*3/(t*(1 +k/b) + r*b))
b=B
5.52 pis =
1.68 m
1.7 m
.................................................
Ejemplo de calculo de una zapata situada en un estrato de suelo
cohesivo, tipo arcilloso
con estos datos de partida del proyecto y de un estudio
geotecnico:
==================================================================
======================
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
profundidad del plano de apoyo de la zapata
1.65 m.
carga sin mayorar
1450.00 kN
peso especifico del hormigon
25.00 kN/m3
coeficiente de seguridad
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =
El estudio geotecnico nos da los siguientes datos referidos al

terreno:
peso especifico del relleno
p.e.r =
17.50 kN/m3
peso especifico de la arcilla saturada
p.e.a.sat =
33
20.50 kN/m3
resistencia a compresion simple de la arcilla saturada qu =
118.00 kN/m2
angulo de rozamiento de la ar.sat. a largo plazo
a.r.l =
28.00 grados
cohesion efectiva a largo plazo
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
Se pide calcular el lado B de la zapata para que el coeficiente de
seguridad F > 3
con relacion a la presion neta de hundimiento qh que se calculara
despues.
No se tiene en cuenta las dimensiones del pilar.
......................................
Dimensionado para tensiones producidas a corto plazo
Presion inicial en la base de la zapata (q): sera el producto del
peso especifico del terreno que
tenemos sobre la base de la zapata (p.e.r) por la altura de ese
terreno (z): q=p.e.r*z= 28.875 kN/m2
Presion de trabajo: Es la presion sobre la base de la zapata una
vez terminada la obra, es decir
la suma de larga, sin mayorar, el peso por m2 del relleno y el
peso por m2 de la propia zapata:
q.t=P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 1450/B^2 + 37.5 kN/m2
Presion de
de trabajo
inicial en
p.t.n= p.t
trabajo neta (p.t.n): es la diferencia entre la presion

(p.t) y la presion
la base de la zapata (q):
- q = 1450/B^2 + 37.5 - 28.875 kN/m2
Presion de hundimiento neta a corto plazo: Es el producto de un

coeficiente de la formula
de Terzaghi Nc corregido por el factor 1.2 y la cohesion a corto
plazo cu. Esta ultima es
la mitad de la compresion simple a corto plazo que nos dara el
estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
Aqui Nc se obtiene suponiendo un angulo de rozamiento cero
y su valor es: Nc = pi + 2 = 5.141592 kN/m2
La presion de hundimiento neta a corto plazo seria = 1.2 *
5.141592 * 118/2 = 364.02 kN/m2
Presion admisible neta (p.a.n): es la presion de hundimiento
neta, calculada antes, dividida por el
coeficiente de seguridad (F): p.a.n = p.h.n/F = 121.34 kN/m2
Para calcular las dimensiones de la base de la zapata debemos
34
igualar la presion admisible neta a

la presion de trabajo neta: 121.34 = 1450/B^2 + 37.5 el lado de la zapata debe ser como minimo =
3.59 m
redondeamos esa medida al alza y quedara:
por lo que la base de la zapata medira B x B =
3.70 x
x m
28.88
3.70 m
Ahora debemos comprobar a largo plazo el coeficiente de seguridad:

Calculamos la presion de trabajo con las nuevas dimensiones
corregidas: q.t.c = P/(B*B)+h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r
q.t.c = 1450/(3.7 * 3.7) + 37.5 = 143.42
y la presion neta de hundimiento a largo plazo, segun formula de
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny son tres coeficientes
propios de esa formula. Se calculan asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
en estas formulas a es el angulo de rozamiento en radianes, es
decir a=a.r.l*pi/180
Con estos coeficientes calculamos la presion neta de hundimiento
(qh), donde cl es la cohesion
efectiva a largo plazo segun el estudio geotecnico, q es la
presion inicial calculada antes, y
p.e es el peso especifico del terreno de la base de la zapata sin
saturar, es decir quitandole
10 kN/m3 al peso especifico saturado (p.e.a.sat):
qh = 1.2 * 5 *
25.80 + 28.875 *
14.72 + 0.3 * 3.7 * (20.5-10)
*
10.94 = 707.39 kN/m2
el coeficiente de seguridad a largo plazo sera:
F.l = presion neta de hundimiento a largo plazo / presion de
trabajo idem = qh/q.t.c = 4.93
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
geotecnico:
==================================================================
======================
35
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
1.65 m.
carga sin mayorar
1250.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
16.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
20.50 kN/m3
116.00 kN/m2
a.r.l =
24.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
Presion de
de trabajo
inicial en
p.t.n= p.t

(p.t) y la presion
- q = 1250/B^2 + 37.0 - 27.225 kN/m2

36
estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.141592 * 116/2 = 357.85 kN/m2
la presion de trabajo neta: 119.28 = 1250/B^2 + 37.0 27.22
el lado de la zapata debe ser como minimo =
3.38 m
3.50 x
3.50 m
x m
q.t.c = 1250/(3.5 * 3.5) + 37.0 = 139.04
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
9.60
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
19.32
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
5.75
qh = 1.2 * 5 *
19.32 + 27.225 *
9.60 + 0.3 * 3.5 * (20.5-10)
*
5.75 = 440.74 kN/m2
37

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

geotecnico:
==================================================================
======================
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
1.65 m.
carga sin mayorar
750.00 kN
23.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
20.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
21.20 kN/m3
108.90 kN/m2
a.r.l =
24.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
38

Presion de
de trabajo
inicial en
p.t.n= p.t

(p.t) y la presion
- q = 750/B^2 + 36.7 - 33.825 kN/m2

estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.141592 * 108.9/2 = 335.95 kN/m2
2.62 m
2.80 x
2.80 m
x m
q.t.c = 750/(2.8 * 2.8) + 36.7 = 132.36
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
39

9.60
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
19.32
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
5.75
qh = 1.2 * 5 *
19.32 + 33.825 *
9.60 + 0.3 * 2.8 * (21.2-10)
*
5.75 = 494.83 kN/m2
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
geotecnico:
==================================================================
======================
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
1.65 m.
carga sin mayorar
1750.00 kN
23.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
40
20.20 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat
21.20 kN/m3
resistencia a compresion simple de la arcilla saturada qu
121.90 kN/m2
a.r.l
22.30 grados
c1
5.00 kN/m2
=
=
=
=

seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
Presion de
de trabajo
inicial en
p.t.n= p.t

(p.t) y la presion
- q = 1750/B^2 + 36.55 - 33.33 kN/m2

estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.141592 * 121.9/2 = 376.06 kN/m2
41

3.79 m
3.90 x
3.90 m
x m
q.t.c = 1750/(3.9 * 3.9) + 36.55 = 151.61
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
8.06
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
17.22
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
4.35
qh = 1.2 * 5 *
17.22 + 33.33 *
8.06 + 0.3 * 3.9 * (21.2-10) *
4.35 = 429.02 kN/m2
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
geotecnico:
==================================================================
42
======================
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
2.05 m.
carga sin mayorar
2350.00 kN
20.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
21.20 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
20.20 kN/m3
120.70 kN/m2
a.r.l =
21.30 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
Presion de
de trabajo
inicial en
p.t.n= p.t

(p.t) y la presion
- q = 2350/B^2 + 42.08 - 43.46 kN/m2
43

estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.141592 * 120.7/2 = 372.35 kN/m2
4.33 m
4.50 x
4.50 m
x m
q.t.c = 2350/(4.5 * 4.5) + 42.08 = 158.13
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
7.29
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
16.13
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
3.68
44
qh = 1.2 * 5 *
16.13 + 43.46 *
3.68 = 464.08 kN/m2
7.29 + 0.3 * 4.5 * (20.2-10) *

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Ejemplo 02 de calculo de una zapata situada en un estrato de suelo
cohesivo, tipo
arcilloso, con estos datos de partida del proyecto y de un estudio
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
0.85 m.
1.35 m.
carga sin mayorar
950.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
16.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
20.00 kN/m3
108.00 kN/m2
a.r.l =
22.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
No se tienen en cuenta las dimensiones del pilar.
......................................
45

peso
especifico del terreno que tenemos sobre la base de la zapata
(p.e.r) por
la altura de ese terreno (z): q=p.e.r*z= 22.275 kN/m2
vez
terminada la obra, es decir la suma de larga, sin mayorar, el peso
por
m2 del relleno y el peso por m2 de la propia zapata:
Presion de trabajo neta (p.t.n): es la diferencia entre la presion
de
trabajo (p.t) y la presion inicial en la base de la zapata (q):
p.t.n= p.t - q = 950/B^2 + 29.5 - 22.275 kN/m2
coeficiente de la formula de Terzaghi Nc corregido por el factor
1.2
y la cohesion a corto plazo cu. Esta ultima es la mitad de la
compresion
simple a corto plazo que nos dara el estudio geologico
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
y su valor es: Nc = pi + 2 =
5.14 kN/m2
La presion de hundimiento neta a corto plazo seria =
1.2 * 5.141592 * 108/2 = 333.18 kN/m2
neta,
calculada antes, dividida por el
igualar
la presion admisible neta a la presion de trabajo neta:
111.06 = 950/B^2 + 29.5 22.28
3.02 m
por lo que la base de la zapata medira B x B = 3.20 m x 3.20 m
corregidas:
q.t.c = P/(B*B)+h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r
q.t.c = 950/(3.2 * 3.2) + 29.5 = 122.27
46

Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
7.82
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
16.88
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
4.13
es decir a=a.r.l*pi/180
(qh),
donde cl es la cohesion efectiva a largo plazo segun el estudio
geotecnico,
q es la presion inicial calculada antes, y p.e es el peso
especifico del
terreno de la base de la zapata sin saturar, es decir quitandole
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 22.28 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 3.2 * (20-10) *
4.13 = 315.20 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 2.58
Probamos una zapata mayor
q.t.c = 950/(3.3 * 3.3) + 29.5 = 116.74
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 22.28 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 3.3 * (20-10) *
4.13 = 315.20 kN/m2
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 2.70
q.t.c = 950/(3.4 * 3.4) + 29.5 = 111.68
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 22.28 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 3.4 * (20-10) *
4.13 = 315.20 kN/m2
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 2.82
q.t.c = 950/(3.5 * 3.5) + 29.5 = 107.05
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 22.28 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 3.5 * (20-10) *
4.13 = 315.20 kN/m2
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 2.94
q.t.c = 950/(3.6 * 3.6) + 29.5 =
102.80
47
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 22.28 *

4.13 = 315.20 kN/m2
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 3.07
7.82 + 0.3 * 3.6 * (20-10) *
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
cohesivo, tipo
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
1.15 m.
1.65 m.
carga sin mayorar
1450.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
17.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
20.50 kN/m3
118.00 kN/m2
a.r.l =
28.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
peso
48

(p.e.r) por
vez
por
de
p.t.n= p.t - q = 1450/B^2 + 37.5 - 28.875 kN/m2
1.2
compresion
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.14 kN/m2
1.2 * 5.141592 * 118/2 = 364.02 kN/m2
neta,
igualar
121.34 = 1450/B^2 + 37.5 28.88
3.59 m
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1450/(3.7 * 3.7) + 37.5 = 143.42
Terzaghi:
49
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny

Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
especifico del
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 25.80 + 28.88 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 3.7 * (20.5-10) *
10.94 = 707.39 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 4.93
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
cohesivo, tipo
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
1.00 m.
1.50 m.
carga sin mayorar
1200.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =
50

terreno:
p.e.r =
18.00 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
19.00 kN/m3
120.00 kN/m2
a.r.l =
26.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
peso
(p.e.r) por
la altura de ese terreno (z): q=p.e.r*z= 27 kN/m2
vez
por
de
p.t.n= p.t - q = 1200/B^2 + 34.0 - 27 kN/m2
1.2
compresion
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.14 kN/m2
51
1.2 * 5.141592 * 120/2 =
370.19 kN/m2

neta,
igualar
123.40 = 1200/B^2 + 34.0 27.00
3.21 m
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1200/(3.4 * 3.4) + 34.0 = 137.81
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
11.85
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
22.25
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
7.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
especifico del
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 22.25 + 27.00 * 11.85 + 0.3 * 3.4 * (19-10) *
7.94 = 526.49 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 3.82
52
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
cohesivo, tipo
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
1.25 m.
2.35 m.
carga sin mayorar
1350.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
17.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat =
21.00 kN/m3
104.00 kN/m2
a.r.l =
22.00 grados
c1 =
5.00 kN/m2
seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
peso
(p.e.r) por
53

vez
por
de
p.t.n= p.t - q = 1350/B^2 + 50.5 - 41.125 kN/m2
1.2
compresion
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.14 kN/m2
1.2 * 5.141592 * 104/2 = 320.84 kN/m2
neta,
igualar
106.95 = 1350/B^2 + 50.5 41.13
3.72 m
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1350/(3.9 * 3.9) + 50.5 = 139.26
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny
54
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:

7.82
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
16.88
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
4.13
(qh),
geotecnico,
especifico del
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 41.13 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 3.9 * (21-10) *
4.13 = 476.14 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 3.42
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

cohesivo, tipo
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
2.85 m.
3.35 m.
carga sin mayorar
3910.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
55

p.e.r
16.50 kN/m3
p.e.a.sat
20.00 kN/m3
resistencia a compresion simple de la arcilla saturada qu
108.00 kN/m2
a.r.l
22.00 grados
c1
5.00 kN/m2
=
=
=
=
=

seguridad F > 3
despues.
......................................
peso
(p.e.r) por
vez
por
de
p.t.n= p.t - q = 3910/B^2 + 79.5 - 55.275 kN/m2
1.2
compresion
p.h.n = 1.2*Nc*cu = 1.2*Nc*qu/2
5.14 kN/m2
1.2 * 5.141592 * 108/2 = 333.18 kN/m2
56

neta,
igualar
111.06 = 3910/B^2 + 79.5 55.28
6.71 m
corregidas:
q.t.c = 3910/(6.9 * 6.9) + 79.5 = 161.63
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*cl*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
7.82
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
16.88
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
4.13
(qh),
geotecnico,
especifico del
qh = 1.2 * 5.00 * 16.88 + 55.28 * 7.82 + 0.3 * 6.9 * (20-10) *
4.13 = 619.18 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 3.83
57
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
arenoso,
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
0.90 m.
2.10 m.
carga sin mayorar
750.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
coeficiente de seguridad minimo
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
17.00 kN/m3
peso especifico de la arena bajo nivel freatico p.e.a.sat =
20.00 kN/m3
Ensayo de penetracion standar SPT N30
N30 =
22.00 golpes
angulo de rozamiento de la arena a largo plazo
a.r.l =
28.00 grados
Luz entre pilares
l.e.p =
5.00 m
Asiento diferencial 1/asi.dif
asi.dif =
500.00
seguridad F.l > 3
con relacion al ensayo de penetracion y al asiento diferencial
maximmo.
No se considera las dimensiones del pilar pero si el peso de la
zapata y del relleno.
..................................................................
...................
peso
58

(p.e.r) por
El asiento diferencial tolerable es el cociente entre la luz entre
pilares
y el valor del asiento diferencial: a.d.t = l.e.p*100/asi.dif = 1
cm
y el asiento total tolerable sera a.t.t=a.d.t/0.75
=
1.33333333 cm
Las dimensiones de la zapata se calcula utilizando la formula de
Terzaghi-Peck
q.adm = (100*N30*a.t.t/30.48) * ((B+0.3)/B)^2 = P/B^2
Para simplificar hacemos a=100*N30*a.t.t/30.48 =
96.24
De aqui quedara la ecuacion asi: a * (B+0.3)^2 = P
y el lado de la zapata B = -0.3 + sqr(P/a)
2.49 m
por lo que la base de la zapata medira B x B = 2.60 m x
=
2.60 m

vez
terminada la obra, es decir la suma de la carga, sin mayorar, el
peso por
q.t = P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 110.946746 + 22.5 + 20.4 =
153.846746 kN/m2
de
trabajo (q.t) y la presion inicial en la base de la zapata (q):
p.t.n= q.t - q = 153.846746 - 35.7 = 118.146746 kN/m2
Presion de hundimiento que nos dara el estudio geologico
Calculamos la presion de trabajo con las nuevas
corregidas:
q.t.c = 750/(2.6 * 2.6) + 42.9 = 153.85 kN/m2
y la presion neta de hundimiento, segun formula
qh = q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Antes de seguir adelante aclararemos algo esta
son dos coeficientes propios de esa formula. Se
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
dimensiones
de Terzaghi-Peck:
formula: Nq y Ny
calculan con
14.72
59
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh), donde
q es la presion inicial, calculada antes, y p.e es el peso
especifico del
qh = 35.70 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 2.6 * (20-10) * 10.94 = 610.85 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 3.97
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
arenoso,
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
canto de la zapata
1.10 m.
2.30 m.
carga sin mayorar
1450.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
18.00 kN/m3
22.00 kN/m3
N30 =
25.00 golpes
a.r.l =
30.00 grados
60
Luz entre pilares

5.50 m
500.00
l.e.p =
asi.dif =

seguridad F.l > 3
maximmo.
..................................................................
...................
peso
(p.e.r) por
pilares
y el valor del asiento diferencial: a.d.t = l.e.p*100/asi.dif =
1.1 cm
=
1.46666667 cm
Terzaghi-Peck
q.adm = (100*N30*a.t.t/30.48) * ((B+0.3)/B)^2 = P/B^2
Para simplificar hacemos a=100*N30*a.t.t/30.48 = 120.30
3.17 m
=
3.30 m

vez
peso por
q.t = P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 133.149679 + 27.5 + 21.6 =
182.249679 kN/m2
de
61

p.t.n= q.t - q = 182.249679 - 41.4 = 140.849679 kN/m2
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1450/(3.3 * 3.3) + 49.1 = 182.25 kN/m2
y la presion neta de hundimiento, segun formula de Terzaghi-Peck:
Antes de seguir adelante aclararemos algo esta formula: Nq y Ny
son dos coeficientes propios de esa formula. Se calculan con
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
18.40
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
15.07
(qh), donde
especifico del
qh = 41.40 * 18.40 + 0.3 * 3.3 * (22-10) * 15.07 = 940.83 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 5.16
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
62

arenoso,
geotecnico:
canto de la zapata
1.00 m.
2.00 m.
carga sin mayorar
1200.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
16.00 kN/m3
21.00 kN/m3
N30 =
20.00 golpes
a.r.l =
32.00 grados
Luz entre pilares
l.e.p =
6.00 m
asi.dif =
500.00
seguridad F.l > 3
maximmo.
..................................................................
...................
peso
(p.e.r) por
63
la altura de ese terreno (z): q=p.e.r*z= 32 kN/m2

pilares
y el valor del asiento diferencial: a.d.t = l.e.p*100/asi.dif =
1.2 cm
=
1.6 cm
Terzaghi-Peck
q.adm = (100*N30*a.t.t/30.48) * ((B+0.3)/B)^2 = P/B^2
Para simplificar hacemos a=100*N30*a.t.t/30.48 = 104.99
3.08 m
=
3.20 m

vez
peso por
q.t = P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 117.1875 + 25 + 16 = 158.1875
kN/m2
de
p.t.n= q.t - q = 158.1875 - 32 = 126.1875 kN/m2
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1200/(3.2 * 3.2) + 41 = 158.19 kN/m2
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
23.18
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
20.79
64
(qh), donde
especifico del
qh = 32.00 * 23.18 + 0.3 * 3.2 * (21-10) * 20.79 = 961.16 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 6.08
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
65

arenoso,
geotecnico:
canto de la zapata
1.30 m.
2.70 m.
carga sin mayorar
1750.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
17.00 kN/m3
22.00 kN/m3
N30 =
22.00 golpes
a.r.l =
26.00 grados
Luz entre pilares
l.e.p =
5.00 m
asi.dif =
500.00
seguridad F.l > 3
maximmo.
..................................................................
...................
peso
(p.e.r) por
66

pilares
y el valor del asiento diferencial: a.d.t = l.e.p*100/asi.dif = 1
cm
=
1.33333333 cm
Terzaghi-Peck
q.adm = (100*N30*a.t.t/30.48) * ((B+0.3)/B)^2 = P/B^2
96.24
3.96 m
=
4.10 m

vez
peso por
q.t = P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 104.1047 + 32.5 + 23.8 =
160.4047 kN/m2
de
p.t.n= q.t - q = 160.4047 - 45.9 = 114.5047 kN/m2
corregidas:
q.t.c = 1750/(4.1 * 4.1) + 56.3 = 160.40 kN/m2
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
11.85
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
7.94
67
(qh), donde
especifico del
qh = 45.90 * 11.85 + 0.3 * 4.1 * (22-10) * 7.94 = 661.31 kN/m2
trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 4.12
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
68

arenoso,
geotecnico:
canto de la zapata
1.90 m.
2.70 m.
carga sin mayorar
2950.00 kN
25.00 kN/m3
3.00
h =
z =
P =
xh =
F =

terreno:
p.e.r =
17.00 kN/m3
21.00 kN/m3
N30 =
22.00 golpes
a.r.l =
26.00 grados
Luz entre pilares
l.e.p =
5.00 m
asi.dif =
500.00
seguridad F.l > 3
maximmo.
..................................................................
...................
peso especifico del terreno que tenemos sobre la base de la zapata
(p.e.r) por la altura de ese terreno (z): q=p.e.r*z= 45.9 kN/m2
69
pilares y el valor del asiento diferencial: a.d.t =

l.e.p*100/asi.dif = 1 cm y el asiento total tolerable sera
a.t.t=a.d.t/0.75
= 1.33333333 cm
Terzaghi-Peck
q.adm = (100*N30*a.t.t/30.48) * ((B+0.3)/B)^2 = P/B^2
96.24
5.24 m
=
5.40 m

vez terminada la obra, es decir la suma de la carga, sin mayorar,
el peso por m2 del relleno y el peso por m2 de la propia zapata:
q.t = P/B^2 + h*xh + (z-h)*p.e.r = 101.165981 + 47.5 + 13.6 =
162.265981 kN/m2
de trabajo (q.t) y la presion inicial en la base de la zapata (q):
p.t.n= q.t - q = 162.265981 - 45.9 = 116.365981 kN/m2
corregidas:
q.t.c = 2950/(5.4 * 5.4) + 61.1 = 162.27 kN/m2
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
11.85
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
7.94
(qh), donde q es la presion inicial, calculada antes, y p.e es el
peso especifico del terreno de la base de la zapata sin saturar,
es decir quitandole 10 kN/m3 al peso especifico saturado
(p.e.a.sat):
qh = 45.90 * 11.85 + 0.3 * 5.4 * (21-10) * 7.94 = 685.61 kN/m2
70

trabajo idem =
F.1 = qh/q.t.c = 4.23
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
71
Factor de influencia de la formula de Boussinesq

El esfuerzo vertical en un punto cualquiera bajo la esquina de placa rectangular y
horizontal, flexible, cargada con una carga qo, uniforme , por unidad de area.
El incremento de esfuerzo en un punto de la vertical de una esquina de la placa es:
Inc.P=qo*I, donde I es el factor de influencia que obtiene integrando la formula de
Boussinesq, y cuyo valor es:
I = (1/4*pi)*(2*m*n*sqr(w)/(w+m*n * (w+1)/w + tan-(2*m*n*sqr(w)/(w-m*n)))),
donde w=m+n+1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
n
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
3.0
5.0
7.0
9.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1 0.00470 0.00917 0.01324 0.01678 0.01978 0.02223 0.02420 0.02576 0.02698 0.02794 0.02926 0.03007 0.03058 0.03090 0.03111 0.03150 0.03160 0.03162 0.03162
0.2 0.00917 0.01790 0.02585 0.03280 0.03866 0.04348 0.04735 0.05042 0.05283 0.05471 0.05733 0.05894 0.05994 0.06058 0.06100 0.06178 0.06199 0.06201 0.06202
0.3 0.01324 0.02585 0.03735 0.04742 0.05593 0.06294 0.06859 0.07308 0.07661 0.07938 0.08323 0.08561 0.08709 0.08804 0.08867 0.08982 0.09014 0.09018 0.09019
0.4 0.01678 0.03280 0.04742 0.06024 0.07111 0.08009 0.08735 0.09314 0.09770 0.10129 0.10631 0.10941 0.11135 0.11260 0.11342 0.11495 0.11537 0.11542 0.11543
0.5 0.01978 0.03866 0.05593 0.07111 0.08403 0.09472 0.10340 0.11035 0.11584 0.12018 0.12626 0.13003 0.13241 0.13395 0.13496 0.13684 0.13736 0.13743 0.13744
0.6 0.02223 0.04348 0.06294 0.08009 0.09472 0.10688 0.11679 0.12474 0.13105 0.13605 0.14309 0.14749 0.15027 0.15207 0.15326 0.15550 0.15612 0.15620 0.15622
0.7 0.02420 0.04735 0.06859 0.08735 0.10340 0.11679 0.12772 0.13653 0.14356 0.14914 0.15703 0.16200 0.16515 0.16720 0.16856 0.17113 0.17185 0.17194 0.17196
0.8 0.02576 0.05042 0.07308 0.09314 0.11035 0.12474 0.13653 0.14607 0.15370 0.15978 0.16843 0.17389 0.17739 0.17967 0.18119 0.18407 0.18488 0.18499 0.18501
0.9 0.02698 0.05283 0.07661 0.09770 0.11584 0.13105 0.14356 0.15370 0.16185 0.16835 0.17766 0.18357 0.18737 0.18986 0.19152 0.19470 0.19561 0.19573 0.19575
1.0 0.02794 0.05471 0.07938 0.10129 0.12018 0.13605 0.14914 0.15978 0.16835 0.17522 0.18508 0.19139 0.19546 0.19814 0.19994 0.20341 0.20440 0.20453 0.20456
1.2 0.02926 0.05733 0.08323 0.10631 0.12626 0.14309 0.15703 0.16843 0.17766 0.18508 0.19584 0.20278 0.20731 0.21032 0.21235 0.21633 0.21749 0.21765 0.21768
1.4 0.03007 0.05894 0.08561 0.10941 0.13003 0.14749 0.16200 0.17389 0.18357 0.19139 0.20278 0.21020 0.21509 0.21836 0.22058 0.22499 0.22632 0.22649 0.22654
1.6 0.03058 0.05994 0.08709 0.11135 0.13241 0.15027 0.16515 0.17739 0.18737 0.19546 0.20731 0.21509 0.22025 0.22372 0.22610 0.23088 0.23235 0.23255 0.23260
1.8 0.03090 0.06058 0.08804 0.11260 0.13395 0.15207 0.16720 0.17967 0.18986 0.19814 0.21032 0.21836 0.22372 0.22736 0.22986 0.23496 0.23656 0.23677 0.23683
2.0 0.03111 0.06100 0.08867 0.11342 0.13496 0.15326 0.16856 0.18119 0.19152 0.19994 0.21235 0.22058 0.22610 0.22986 0.23247 0.23782 0.23954 0.23978 0.23984
3.0 0.03150 0.06178 0.08982 0.11495 0.13684 0.15550 0.17113 0.18407 0.19470 0.20341 0.21633 0.22499 0.23088 0.23496 0.23782 0.24394 0.24608 0.24641 0.24649
5.0 0.03160 0.06199 0.09014 0.11537 0.13736 0.15612 0.17185 0.18488 0.19561 0.20440 0.21749 0.22632 0.23235 0.23656 0.23954 0.24608 0.24857 0.24900 0.24911
72
Ejemplo losa.01 de calculo de una losa cuadrada situada en un

estrato de suelo cohesivo,
geotecnico:
Lado de la losa
30.00 m.
Plantas sobre rasante
12.00
Plantas bajo rasante
2.00
Numero de pilares por portico
6.00
Luz entre pilares
5.80 m.
Lado del pilar inferior
0.80 m.
25.00 kN/m3
0.00
Modulo de elasticidad del hormigon
MN/m2
B =
psr =
pbr =
ndp =
lep =
bp =
xh =
F =
Eh = 20000

terreno:
Primera capa de terreno
peso especifico
18.00 kN/m3
Espesor de la capa 1
3.00 m
Segunda capa de terreno
Arcillas.saturada
peso especifico
19.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
Resistencia a compresion simple del terreno 2
118.00 kN/m2
Cohesion a largo plazo
30.00 kN/m2
28.00 grados
= Arena
pe1 =
z1 =
=
pe2 =
z2 =
qu =
c.lp =
a.r =
73
......................................
Carga media en la solera
126.00 kN/m2
Carga por pilar
5.8*5.8*126 = 4239 kN
c.m.s = (psr+pbr)*ctp = (12 + 2)*9 =

c.p.p = lep*lep*cms =
Primero calculamos un canto apropiado para la losa como conjunto

para ello consideramos un coeficiente de rigidez N = 10 y ancho =
30
Cohesion a corto plazo
cu = qu/2 = 118/2 = 59
kN/m2
Modulo de elasticidad de la Arcillas.saturada Eu = 500*cu = 500*59
= 29500 kN/m2
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 30*(29500/
(10*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
1.59 m
En la ecuacion anterior ^(1/3) significa elevado a 1/3, es decir
raiz cubica
redondeando esa medida tenemos h =1.6 m
Ahora calculamos el canto teniendo en cuenta la luz entre pilares,
con N=1 y B=lep
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 5.8*(29500/
(1*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.66 m
raiz cubica
Utilizaremos un valor medio =1.2 m
El peso propio de la losa sera: p.p = h*xh = 1.2 * 25 = 40 kN/m2
y la presion total en la base de la losa: p = p.p + c.m.s = 40 +
126 = 166 kN/m2
Ahora se calcula la presion de hundimiento a corto plazo con esta
formula:
qh = cu*Nc*1.2 + q , donde cu es la cohesion calculada antes, Nc
es un coeficiene que
vale pi+2 = 5.14, y q es la presion del terreno natural en la base
de la cimentacion, es
su peso por m2:
Peso por m2 del terreno en la base de cimentacion
q = z1*pe1+
(z2+h)*pe2 = 3*18+(3+1.2)*19 = 133.8 kN/m2
Presion de hundimiento a corto plazo qh =cu*Nc*1.2 + q =
59*5.14*1.2 + 133.8 = 497.712 kN/m2
Presion de hundimiento a corto plazo neta qh.neta = qh - q =
497.712 - 133.8 = 363.912 kN/m2
Carga trasmitida neta
p.neta = p-q = 166-133.8
74
= 32.2 kN/m2
Coeficiente de seguridad F = qh.neta/p.neta = 363.912/32.2 =
11.3016149
La cimentacion es muy compensada, pues le correspoonde un asiento
muy pequeo,
el correspondiente a una cargatrasmitida neta de 32.2 kN/m2
..................................................................
................
A largo plazo:
la presion neta de hundimiento a largo plazo, segun formula de
Terzaghi:
qh = 1.2*c.lp*Nc + q*Nq + 0.3*B*p.e*Ny
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh),
donde c.lp es la cohesion efectiva a largo plazo segun el estudio
geotecnico,
q es el peso por m2 del terreno en la base de cimentacion a largo
plazo
(pe2 - 9.81) es el peso especifico del
terreno de la base de la losa sin saturar, es decir quitandole
9.81 kN/m3 al peso especifico saturado (p.e):
peso por m2 del terreno en la base de cimentacion a largo plazo:
q = z1*pe1+(z2+h)*(pe2-9.81) = 3*18+(3+1.2)*(19-9.81) = 92.598
qh = 1.2 * 30.00 * 25.80 +
* 10.94 = 2466.92 kN/m2
92.60 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 5.8 * (19-9.81)
La presion total en la base de la losa a largo plazo sera la carga

trasmitida
menos la subpresion:
pt= q+p.neta = 92.598+32.2 = 124.80
y el coeficiente de seguridad es: F= qh / pt = 2466.92 / 124.798 =
19.77
Que tambien resulta aceptable
.................................................
75

geotecnico:
Lado de la losa
33.00 m.
15.00
3.00
5.00
Luz entre pilares
8.00 m.
1.00 m.
25.00 kN/m3
0.00
MN/m2
B =
psr =
pbr =
ndp =
lep =
bp =
xh =
F =
Eh = 20000

terreno:
peso especifico
19.00 kN/m3
4.00 m
Arcillas.saturada
peso especifico
20.00 kN/m3
5.00 m
120.00 kN/m2
30.00 kN/m2
26.00 grados
= Arena
pe1 =
z1 =
=
pe2 =
z2 =
qu =
c.lp =
a.r =
76
......................................
180.00 kN/m2
Carga por pilar
11520 kN
c.m.s = (psr+pbr)*ctp = (15 + 3)*10 =

c.p.p = lep*lep*cms = 8*8*180 =

33
cu = qu/2 = 120/2 = 60
kN/m2
Modulo de elasticidad de la Arcillas.saturada Eu = 500*cu = 500*60
= 30000 kN/m2
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 33*(30000/
(10*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
1.75 m
raiz cubica
con N=1 y B=lep
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 8*(30000/
(1*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.92 m
raiz cubica
redondeando esa medida tenemos h =1 m
180 = 225 kN/m2
formula:
su peso por m2:
q = z1*pe1+
(z2+h)*pe2 = 4*19+(5+1.5)*20 = 206 kN/m2
60*5.14*1.2 + 206 = 576.08 kN/m2
576.08 - 206 = 370.08 kN/m2
p.neta = p-q = 225-206 =
77
19 kN/m2
Coeficiente de seguridad F = qh.neta/p.neta = 370.08/19 =
19.4778947
muy pequeo,
el correspondiente a una cargatrasmitida neta de 19 kN/m2
..................................................................
................
A largo plazo:
Terzaghi:
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
11.85
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
22.25
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
7.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
plazo
q = z1*pe1+(z2+h)*(pe2-9.81) = 4*19+(5+1.5)*(20-9.81) = 142.235
qh = 1.2 * 30.00 * 22.25 +
7.94 = 2681.44 kN/m2
142.24 * 11.85 + 0.3 * 8 * (20-9.81) *

trasmitida
pt= q+p.neta = 142.235+19 = 161.24
16.63
......................................................
78

geotecnico:
Lado de la losa
24.00 m.
17.00
2.00
4.00
Luz entre pilares
7.67 m.
0.80 m.
25.00 kN/m3
0.00
MN/m2
B =
psr =
pbr =
ndp =
lep =
bp =
xh =
F =
Eh = 20000

terreno:
peso especifico
16.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
Arcillas.saturada
peso especifico
19.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
115.00 kN/m2
30.00 kN/m2
= Arena
pe1 =
z1 =
=
pe2 =
z2 =
qu =
c.lp =
a.r =
79
28.00 grados
......................................
c.m.s = (psr+pbr)*ctp = (17 + 2)*9 =
171.00 kN/m2
Carga por pilar
7.66666667*7.66666667*171 = 10051 kN
24
cu = qu/2 = 115/2 =
57.5 kN/m2
Modulo de elasticidad de la Arcillas.saturada Eu = 500*cu =
500*57.5 = 28750 kN/m2
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 24*(28750/
(10*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
1.26 m
raiz cubica
con N=1 y B=lep
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 7.66666667*(28750/
(1*20000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.87 m
raiz cubica
El peso propio de la losa sera: p.p = h*xh = 1.2 * 25 = 32.5 kN/m2
y la presion total en la base de la losa: p = p.p + c.m.s = 32.5 +
171 = 203.5 kN/m2
formula:
su peso por m2:
q = z1*pe1+
(z2+h)*pe2 = 3*16+(3+1.2)*19 = 127.8 kN/m2
57.5*5.14*1.2 + 127.8 = 482.46 kN/m2
482.46 - 127.8 = 354.66 kN/m2
80

p.neta = p-q = 203.5127.8 = 75.7 kN/m2
4.68507266
muy pequeo,
..................................................................
................
A largo plazo:
Terzaghi:
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
plazo
q = z1*pe1+(z2+h)*(pe2-9.81) = 3*16+(3+1.2)*(19-9.81) = 86.598
qh = 1.2 * 30.00 * 25.80 +
86.60 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 7.66666667 *
(19-9.81) * 10.94 = 2434.92 kN/m2
trasmitida
pt= q+p.neta = 86.598+75.7 = 162.30
15.00
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
81
'''''
geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
Lado de la losa
14.00 m.
5.00
2.00
4.00
Luz entre pilares
4.33 m.
0.80 m.
25.00 kN/m3
0.00
MN/m2
B =
psr =
pbr =
ndp =
lep =
bp =
xh =
F =
Eh = 17000

terreno:
peso especifico
16.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
Arcillas.saturada
peso especifico
13.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
115.00 kN/m2
30.00 kN/m2
= Arena
pe1 =
z1 =
=
pe2 =
z2 =
qu =
c.lp =
a.r =
82
28.00 grados
......................................
63.00 kN/m2
Carga por pilar
4.33333333*4.33333333*63 =
c.m.s = (psr+pbr)*ctp = (5 + 2)*9 =

1183 kN

14
cu = qu/2 = 115/2 =
57.5 kN/m2
500*57.5 = 28750 kN/m2
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 14*(28750/
(10*17000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.77 m
raiz cubica
con N=1 y B=lep
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 4.33333333*(28750/
(1*17000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.52 m
raiz cubica
63 = 83 kN/m2
formula:
su peso por m2:
q = z1*pe1+
(z2+h)*pe2 = 3*16+(3+0.8)*13 = 97.4 kN/m2
57.5*5.14*1.2 + 97.4 = 452.06 kN/m2
452.06 - 97.4 = 354.66 kN/m2
83

p.neta = p-q = 83-97.4 =
-14.4 kN/m2
Coeficiente de seguridad F = qh.neta/p.neta = 354.66/-14.4 =
-24.6291667
muy pequeo,
el correspondiente a una cargatrasmitida neta de -14.4 kN/m2
..................................................................
................
A largo plazo:
Terzaghi:
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
plazo
q = z1*pe1+(z2+h)*(pe2-9.81) = 3*16+(3+0.8)*(13-9.81) = 60.122
qh = 1.2 * 30.00 * 25.80 +
60.12 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 4.33333333 *
(13-9.81) * 10.94 = 1859.28 kN/m2
trasmitida
pt= q+p.neta = 60.122+-14.4 =
45.72
40.66
.................................................
84

geotecnico:
==================================================================
===========
Lado de la losa
22.00 m.
15.00
2.00
4.00
Luz entre pilares
7.00 m.
0.80 m.
25.00 kN/m3
0.00
MN/m2
B =
psr =
pbr =
ndp =
lep =
bp =
xh =
F =
Eh = 27000

terreno:
peso especifico
16.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
Arcillas.saturada
peso especifico
13.00 kN/m3
3.00 m
115.00 kN/m2
30.00 kN/m2
28.00 grados
= Arena
pe1 =
z1 =
=
pe2 =
z2 =
qu =
c.lp =
a.r =
85
......................................
153.00 kN/m2
Carga por pilar
7497 kN
c.m.s = (psr+pbr)*ctp = (15 + 2)*9 =

c.p.p = lep*lep*cms = 7*7*153 =

22
cu = qu/2 = 115/2 =
57.5 kN/m2
500*57.5 = 28750 kN/m2
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 22*(28750/
(10*27000*1000))^(1/3) =
1.04 m
raiz cubica
con N=1 y B=lep
Canto de la losa
h = B*(Eu/(N*Ec))^(1/3) = 7*(28750/
(1*27000*1000))^(1/3) =
0.71 m
raiz cubica
Utilizaremos un valor medio =1 m
El peso propio de la losa sera: p.p = h*xh = 1 * 25 = 27.5 kN/m2
y la presion total en la base de la losa: p = p.p + c.m.s = 27.5 +
153 = 180.5 kN/m2
formula:
su peso por m2:
q = z1*pe1+
(z2+h)*pe2 = 3*16+(3+1)*13 = 100 kN/m2
57.5*5.14*1.2 + 100 = 454.66 kN/m2
454.66 - 100 = 354.66 kN/m2
p.neta = p-q = 180.5-100
86
= 80.5 kN/m2
4.40571429
muy pequeo,
..................................................................
................
A largo plazo:
Terzaghi:
Ny
e=2.718281828459 y pi=3.141592, asi:
14.72
Nc = (Nq-1)*(1/tan(a))
=
25.80
Ny = 1.5*(Nq-1)*tan(a)
=
10.94
(qh),
geotecnico,
plazo
q = z1*pe1+(z2+h)*(pe2-9.81) = 3*16+(3+1)*(13-9.81) = 60.76
qh = 1.2 * 30.00 * 25.80 +
10.94 = 1896.60 kN/m2
60.76 * 14.72 + 0.3 * 7 * (13-9.81) *

trasmitida
pt= q+p.neta = 60.76+80.5 = 141.26
13.43
................................................
87
Ejemplo p.hin.01 de calculo de un pilote hormigonado en obra en un

suelo,
con varios estratos de terreno diferentes:
==================================================================
===========
Carga naxima
3.00 MN.
lado del pilote
0.30 m.
q.max =
Tipo de terreno 1
Arena.media
Peso especifico del terreno 1
19.00 kN/m3
angulo de rozamiento en el tramo 1
32.00 grados
0.00 kN/m2
Ensayo SPT N golpes para 30 cm
30.00 golpes
longtud del tramo 1
3.00 m
ter1$ =
Tipo de terreno 2
arcilla.saturada
18.00 kN/m3
carga a compresion simple en el tramo 2
200.00 kN/m2
longtud del tramo 2
3.00 m
ter2$ =
b =
pe1 =
a.r =
c.l =
N =
h1 =
pe2 =
qu2 =
h2 =
coeficiente de seguridad en el fuste

Ff =
2.50
coeficiente de seguridad en la punta
Fp =
3.00
Se pide la longitud del pilote hincado
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.09 m2
1.20 m
Calculamos ahora la carga unitaria del fuste en el tramo de

Utilizamos esta tabla
N
Rp
(rf/Rp)*1000
88
10
15
20
30
40

4000
6500
9000
14500
20000
10
8
7
6
5
Resistencia del cono estatico

Rp = 14500 kN/m2
Cociente
(rf/Rp)*1000 = 6
Resistencia unitaria en el fuste
rf=rf.Rp*Rp/1000 = 87 kN/m2
Calculamos la resistencia del fuste en el primer tramo de arena
Resistencia del fuste Qf1=1.2*h1*rf = 1.2*3*87 = 313.2
Resistencia en el tramo de arcilla
Para esto utilizamos esta tabla:
qu
0
100 200 300 400 500 600
rf/qu 0,5 0,33 0,22 0,18 0,14 0,125 0,2
1000
0,1
Resistencia unitaria del fuste rf=(rf/qu)*qu = 0.22*200 = 44 kN/m2

La resistencia del fuste del tramo 2 sera Qf2 = rf*p.p*L =
44*1.2*L
La resistencia en punta en arcilla es Qp2= 4.5*qu*Ap = 4.5 * 200 *
0.09 = 81.0 kN/m2
Para conoicer la longitud necesaria L, igualamos la carga nominal
Qnom a la suma de
las resistencias del fuste y la de la punta con sus coeficientes
de seguridad:
1100 = 313.2/2.5 + 44*1.2*L + 81.0/3
705.8 = 52.8*L
La longitud L es L = (q.nom-Qf1/Ff-Qp2/Fp)/(rf*p.p/Ff) = 44.87 m
Como la carga maxima es de 3 MN ,seran necesarios:
un total de 3000/1100 = 3 pilotes
.............................................
suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Carga naxima
3.00 MN.
lado del pilote
0.35 m.
q.max =
b =
89
Tipo de terreno 1
Arena.media
19.00 kN/m3
32.00 grados
0.00 kN/m2
30.00 golpes
longtud del tramo 1
4.00 m
ter1$ =
Tipo de terreno 2
arcilla.saturada
18.00 kN/m3
200.00 kN/m2
longtud del tramo 2
3.00 m
ter2$ =
pe1 =
a.r =
c.l =
N =
h1 =
pe2 =
qu2 =
h2 =

Ff =
2.50
Fp =
2.00
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.12 m2
1.40 m

N
Rp
(rf/Rp)*1000
10
4000
10
15
6500
8
20
9000
7
30 14500
6
40 20000
5
Rp = 14500 kN/m2
Cociente
(rf/Rp)*1000 = 6
90

qu
0
100 200 300 400 500 600
rf/qu 0,5 0,33 0,22 0,18 0,14 0,125 0,2
1000
0,1

44*1.4*L
0.1225 = 110.25 kN/m2
Qnom a la suma de
de seguridad:
1220 = 417.6/2.5 + 44*1.4*L + 110.25/2
692.15 = 61.6*L
Como la carga maxima es de 3 MN ,seran necesarios:
un total de 3000/1220 = 3 pilotes
..........................................
suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Carga naxima
3.40 MN.
lado del pilote
0.40 m.
q.max =
Tipo de terreno 1
Arena.media
15.00 kN/m3
32.00 grados
0.00 kN/m2
30.00 golpes
ter1$ =
b =
pe1 =
a.r =
c.l =
N =
91
longtud del tramo 1

4.00 m
h1 =
Tipo de terreno 2
arcilla.saturada
18.00 kN/m3
200.00 kN/m2
longtud del tramo 2
3.00 m
ter2$ =
pe2 =
qu2 =
h2 =

Ff =
2.60
Fp =
2.00
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.16 m2
1.60 m

N
Rp
(rf/Rp)*1000
10
4000
10
15
6500
8
20
9000
7
30 14500
6
40 20000
5
Rp = 14500 kN/m2
Cociente
(rf/Rp)*1000 = 6
qu
0
100 200 300 400 500 600
rf/qu 0,5 0,33 0,22 0,18 0,14 0,125 0,2
1000
0,1

44*1.6*L
92

0.16 = 144.0 kN/m2
Qnom a la suma de
de seguridad:
1620 = 417.6/2.6 + 44*1.6*L + 144.0/2
1058.4 = 70.4*L
Como la carga maxima es de 3.4 MN ,seran necesarios:
un total de 3400.0/1620 = 3 pilotes
..............................................
suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Carga naxima
3.40 MN.
lado del pilote
0.75 m.
q.max =
Tipo de terreno 1
Arena.media
15.00 kN/m3
32.00 grados
0.00 kN/m2
33.00 golpes
longtud del tramo 1
4.00 m
ter1$ =
Tipo de terreno 2
arcilla.saturada
18.00 kN/m3
200.00 kN/m2
longtud del tramo 2
ter2$ =
b =
pe1 =
a.r =
c.l =
N =
h1 =
pe2 =
qu2 =
h2 =
93
3.00 m
Ff =
2.60
Fp =
2.00
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.56 m2
3.00 m

N
Rp
(rf/Rp)*1000
10
4000
10
15
6500
8
20
9000
7
30 14500
6
40 20000
5
Rp = 0 kN/m2
Cociente
(rf/Rp)*1000 = 0
Resistencia del fuste Qf1=1.2*h1*rf = 1.2*4*0 = 0
qu
0
100 200 300 400 500 600
rf/qu 0,5 0,33 0,22 0,18 0,14 0,125 0,2
1000
0,1

La resistencia del fuste del tramo 2 sera Qf2 = rf*p.p*L = 44*3*L
0.5625 = 506.25 kN/m2
Qnom a la suma de
de seguridad:
2020 = 0/2.6 + 44*3*L + 506.25/2
1513.75 = 132*L
94
Como la carga maxima es de 3.4 MN ,seran necesarios:

un total de 3400.0/2020 = 2 pilotes
...............................................
Ejemplo p.hin.D.01 de calculo de un pilote hormigonado en obra en
un suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
18.00 m.
lado del pilote
0.40 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
19.00 kN/m3
30.00 grados
longtud del tramo 1
18.00 m
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
h1 =

Ff =
0.00
Fp =
0.00
Se pide la carga ulima Qp con los metodos de Meyerhof, Vesic y
Janbu
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.16 m2
1.60 m
1.- Calculo de Qp por el metodo de Meyerhof

Segun este autor, Qp = Ap*c*pel*h1*Nq.m, donde Nq.m es un
coeficiente especifico
de este metodo que puede obtenerse de esta tabla:
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
95
30
40
45
55
370
900
Coeficiente Nq.m de Meyerhof

Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.16*19*18*55 = 3009.6 kN
Como maximo esta carga ultima debe ser
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r*pi/180) = 50*0.16*55*tan(30*3.141592/180)
254.03
La carga ultima debe tomarse Qp.m = 254.03
2.- Calculo de Qp por el metodo de Vesic
Segun este autor, Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v, donde r = Ir*a.r*(1+2*(1sin(a.r)))/3
y Nq.v es un coeficiente especifico de este metodo
que puede obtenerse de esta tabla, con el indice de rigidez Ir=50:
a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36
el angulo de rozamiento en radianes es:

a.r.R=a.r*pi/180 = 30*3.141592/180 = 0.52 radianes
Esfuerzo efectivo medio en la punta del pilote:
r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 18*19*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
228.00
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.16* 228.00*36 = 1313.28 kN
3.- Calculo de Qp.j por el metodo de Janbu
Segun este autor, Qp.j = Ap*j*Nq.j, donde Nq.j es un coeficiente
especifico de este metodo
j=pe1*h1 = 19*18 = 342
Carga ultima Qp.j = Ap*j*Nq.j = 0.16*342*19 = 1039.68 kN
.............................................

un suelo,
==================================================================
96
===========
Longitud del pilote
22.00 m.
lado del pilote
0.50 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
17.00 kN/m3
27.00 grados
longtud del tramo 1
22.00 m
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
h1 =

Ff =
0.00
Fp =
0.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.25 m2
2.00 m

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.25*17*22*0 = 0 kN
La carga ultima debe tomarse Qp.m =
0.00
0.00
97

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 22*17*(1+2*(1- 0.45))/3 =
260.81
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.25* 260.81*0 =
0.00 kN
j=pe1*h1 = 17*22 = 374
.........................................

un suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
27.00 m.
lado del pilote
0.60 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
19.50 kN/m3
32.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
98
longtud del tramo 1

27.00 m
h1 =

Ff =
0.00
Fp =
0.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.36 m2
2.40 m

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.36*19.5*27*0 = 0 kN
0.00
0.00

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36
99

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 27*19.5*(1+2*(1- 0.53))/3 =
340.50
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.36* 340.50*0 =
0.00 kN
j=pe1*h1 = 19.5*27 = 526.5
Carga ultima Qp.j = AEjemplo p.hin.D.04 de calculo de un pilote
hormigonado en obra en un suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
34.00 m.
lado del pilote
0.60 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
17.50 kN/m3
32.00 grados
longtud del tramo 1
34.00 m
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
h1 =

Ff =
0.00
Fp =
0.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.36 m2
2.40 m

100

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.36*17.5*34*0 = 0 kN
0.00
0.00

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 34*17.5*(1+2*(1- 0.53))/3 =
384.80
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.36* 384.80*0 =
0.00 kN
j=pe1*h1 = 17.5*34 = 595
p*j*Nq.j = 0.36*526.5*19 = 3601.26 kN
...............................................
101

un suelo,
==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
12.00 m.
lado del pilote
0.55 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
16.50 kN/m3
30.00 grados
longtud del tramo 1
12.00 m
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
h1 =

Ff =
0.00
Fp =
0.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...................
Area del pilote
Perimetro del pilar
Ap=Ap=b^2=
p.p=4*b =
0.30 m2
2.20 m

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
102

Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.3025*16.5*12*55 = 3294.225
kN
480.28
a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 12*16.5*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
132.00
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.3025* 132.00*36 = 1437.48 kN
j=pe1*h1 = 16.5*12 = 198
................................................
Ejemplo p.hin.D.02 de calculo de un pilote de tubo hincado en

arcilla
==================================================================
==========
103
Diametro interior
d.i =
406.00 mm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 1
Tipo de terreno 1
ter1$ =
Arcilla.saturada
pe1 =
18.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu1 =
30.00 kN/m2
Longitud del tramo 1
h1 =
5.00 m.
a.r.1 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 2
Tipo de terreno 2
ter2$ =
Arcilla
pe2 =
18.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu2 =
30.00 kN/m2
h2 =
5.00 m.
a.r.2 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 3
Tipo de terreno 3
ter3$ =
Arcilla.OCR.2
pe3 =
19.60 kN/m3
Coesion
cu3 =
100.00 kN/m2
h3 =
20.00 m.
a.r.3 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------coeficiente de seguridad
F =
4.00
Se pide la capacidad neta admisible del pilote
..................................................................
...........
104
Area del pilote

=
0.13 m2
Perimetro del pilote
Ap=pi*(d.i/2)^2= 3.141592*(0.406/2)^2
p.p=2*pi*d.i/2 =
1.28 m
1.- Calculo de la capacidad neta de cara por punta Qp por el

metodo de Meyerhof
Segun este autor, Qp = Ap*c*pel*h1*Nc.m, donde Nc.m es un
de este metodo que puede obtenerse de esta tabla, para a.r=0:
a.r
Nq.m
Nc.m
0
0
9
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Coeficiente Nc.m de Meyerhof
Nc.m = 9
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*cu3*Nc.m =
0.13* 100.00*9 = 116.52 kN
=
26.20 klb
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.- Calculo de la capacidad neta de cara por friccion del fuste Qf
esta capacidad de cara sera la suma de la que calculemos para cada
tramo de terreno
de caracteristicas homogeneas, Qf = Suma(alfa*cu*p.p*h) =
p.p*Suma(alfa*cu*h):
El coeficiente alfa depende de la cohesion cu y se obtiene de esta
tabla:
cu
30
50
100
150
alfa
1
0.85
0.50
0.40
Qf = p.p*(alfa1*cu1*h1 + alfa2*cu2*h2 + alfa3*cu3*h3) =

1.28*(1*30*5 + 1*30*5 + 0.5*100*20) = 1658.13 kN = 372.78 klb
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------LA CAPACIDAD NETA DE CARGA ADMISIBLE ES
Qu = (Qp + Qf)/F = ( 116.52 + 1658.13)/4 = 443.66 kN =
99.74
klb
105
.................................................

arcilla
==================================================================
==========
Diametro interior
d.i =
506.00 mm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 1
Tipo de terreno 1
ter1$ =
Arcilla.saturada
pe1 =
19.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu1 =
30.00 kN/m2
h1 =
5.00 m.
a.r.1 =
31.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 2
Tipo de terreno 2
ter2$ =
Arcilla
pe2 =
17.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu2 =
30.00 kN/m2
h2 =
5.00 m.
a.r.2 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 3
Tipo de terreno 3
ter3$ =
Arcilla.OCR.2
pe3 =
18.60 kN/m3
Coesion
cu3 =
106
100.00 kN/m2
h3 =
20.00 m.
a.r.3 =
30.00 grados
F =
4.00
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
=
0.20 m2
Ap=pi*(d.i/2)^2= 3.141592*(0.506/2)^2
p.p=2*pi*d.i/2 =
1.59 m

metodo de Meyerhof
a.r
Nq.m
Nc.m
0
0
9
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nc.m = 9
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*cu3*Nc.m =
0.20* 100.00*9 = 180.98 kN
=
40.69 klb
tramo de terreno
tabla:
cu
30
alfa
1
107
50
100
150

0.85
0.50
0.40

1.59*(1*30*5 + 1*30*5 + 0.5*100*20) = 2066.54 kN = 464.60 klb
Qu = (Qp + Qf)/F = ( 180.98 + 2066.54)/4 = 561.88 kN = 126.32
klb
..........................................

arcilla
==================================================================
==========
Diametro interior
d.i =
730.00 mm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 1
Tipo de terreno 1
ter1$ =
Arcilla.saturada
pe1 =
19.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu1 =
30.00 kN/m2
h1 =
5.00 m.
a.r.1 =
31.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 2
Tipo de terreno 2
ter2$ =
Arcilla
pe2 =
16.20 kN/m3
Coesion
cu2 =
108
26.00 kN/m2
h2 =
5.00 m.
a.r.2 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 3
Tipo de terreno 3
ter3$ =
Arcilla.OCR.2
pe3 =
18.60 kN/m3
Coesion
cu3 =
103.00 kN/m2
h3 =
20.00 m.
a.r.3 =
30.00 grados
F =
4.00
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
=
0.42 m2
Ap=pi*(d.i/2)^2= 3.141592*(0.73/2)^2
p.p=2*pi*d.i/2 =
2.29 m

metodo de Meyerhof
a.r
Nq.m
Nc.m
0
0
9
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nc.m = 9
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*cu3*Nc.m =
0.42* 103.00*9 = 387.99 kN
=
87.23 klb
-----------------------------------------------------------------Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016
109
---------------1.- Calculo de la capacidad neta de cara por friccion del fuste Qf

tramo de terreno
tabla:
cu
30
50
100
150
alfa
1
0.85
0.50
0.40

2.29*(1*30*5 + 1*26*5 + 1*103*20) = 5366.47 kN = 1206.49 klb
Qu = (Qp + Qf)/F = ( 387.99 + 5366.47)/4 = 1438.61 kN = 323.43
klb
.........................................

arcilla
==================================================================
==========
Diametro interior
d.i =
880.00 mm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 1
Tipo de terreno 1
ter1$ =
Arcilla.saturada
pe1 =
19.00 kN/m3
110
Coesion
cu1 =
25.00 kN/m2
h1 =
4.00 m.
a.r.1 =
31.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 2
Tipo de terreno 2
ter2$ =
Arcilla
pe2 =
15.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu2 =
26.00 kN/m2
h2 =
6.00 m.
a.r.2 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 3
Tipo de terreno 3
ter3$ =
Arcilla.OCR.2
pe3 =
18.60 kN/m3
Coesion
cu3 =
100.00 kN/m2
h3 =
20.00 m.
a.r.3 =
27.00 grados
F =
4.00
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
=
0.61 m2
Ap=pi*(d.i/2)^2= 3.141592*(0.88/2)^2
p.p=2*pi*d.i/2 =
2.76 m

metodo de Meyerhof
111

a.r
Nq.m
Nc.m
0
0
9
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nc.m = 9
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*cu3*Nc.m =
0.61* 100.00*9 = 547.39 kN
= 123.06 klb
tramo de terreno
tabla:
cu
30
50
100
150
alfa
1
0.85
0.50
0.40

2.76*(0*25*4 + 0*26*6 + 0.5*100*20) = 2764.60 kN = 621.54 klb
Qu = (Qp + Qf)/F = ( 547.39 + 2764.60)/4 = 828.00 kN = 186.15
klb
........................................
arcilla
112
==================================================================
==========
Diametro interior
d.i =
330.00 mm.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 1
Tipo de terreno 1
ter1$ =
Arcilla.saturada
pe1 =
19.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu1 =
30.00 kN/m2
h1 =
4.00 m.
a.r.1 =
31.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 2
Tipo de terreno 2
ter2$ =
Arcilla
pe2 =
15.00 kN/m3
Coesion
cu2 =
28.00 kN/m2
h2 =
6.00 m.
a.r.2 =
30.00 grados
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Tramo 3
Tipo de terreno 3
ter3$ =
Arcilla.OCR.2
pe3 =
18.60 kN/m3
Coesion
cu3 =
105.00 kN/m2
h3 =
20.00 m.
a.r.3 =
27.00 grados
F =
4.00
113
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
=
0.09 m2
Ap=pi*(d.i/2)^2= 3.141592*(0.33/2)^2
p.p=2*pi*d.i/2 =
1.04 m

metodo de Meyerhof
a.r
Nq.m
Nc.m
0
0
9
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nc.m = 9
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*cu3*Nc.m =
0.09* 105.00*9 =
80.83 kN
=
18.17 klb
tramo de terreno
tabla:
cu
30
50
100
150
alfa
1
0.85
0.50
0.40

1.04*(1*30*4 + 1*28*6 + 1*105*20) = 2475.70 kN = 556.59 klb
114
Qu = (Qp + Qf)/F = (
klb
80.83 + 2475.70)/4 =
639.13 kN
143.69
..................................
Ejemplo p.hin.D.01 de calculo de un pilote hincado en arena

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.41 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
17.29 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.17 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
1.63 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
115
30
40
45

55
370
900

Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.17*17.29*15.24*55 =
2393.87 kN = 538.19 klb
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r.R) = 50* 0.17*55*tan( 0.52) 262.23 kN
58.95 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.292*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
175.69
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.17* 175.69*36 = 1044.60 kN =
234.85 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.29*15.24 = 263.53
Carga ultima Qp.j = Ap*j*Nq.j = 0.17* 263.53*19 = 826.97 kN =
185.92 klb
------------------------------------------------------------------------RESISTENCIA POR FUSTE
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.41 = 6.10 m
Esfuerzo vertical efectivo e.v.e = pe1*Lc = 17.292* 6.10 =
105.41 kN/m2
La resistencia unitaria por friccion :
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 105.41* 0.45 =
61.01 kN/m2
116
La resistencia por friccion

Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) =
61.01/2* 1.63* 6.10 +
61.01*
1.63*(15.24-6.096) = 1209.22 kN = 271.86 klb
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Carga admisible del pilote
Carga por punta promedio de las calculadas sgun Meyerhof, Vesic y
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 262.23+1044.60+ 826.97)/3 = 711.27 kN
= 159.91 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = ( 711.27+1209.22)/4 =
480.12 kN = 107.94 klb
................................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.56 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
18.08 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.31 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
2.24 m
117

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.31*18.08*15.24*55 =
4731.63 kN = 1063.77 klb
111.46 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*18.078*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
183.67
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.31* 183.67*36 = 2064.71 kN =
464.19 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 18.08*15.24 = 275.51
118
367.48 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.56 = 8.38 m
151.53 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 151.53* 0.45 =
87.71 kN/m2
87.71/2* 2.24* 8.38 +
87.71*
2.24*(15.24-8.382) = 2166.03 kN = 486.97 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 495.78+2064.71+1634.56)/3 = 1398.35 kN
= 314.38 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (1398.35+2166.03)/4 =
891.09 kN = 200.34 klb
............................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.76 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
16.98 kN/m3
324.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
119
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.58 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
3.05 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.58*16.98*15.24*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r.R) = 50* 0.58*0*tan( 5.65)
klb
0.00
0.00 kN
0.00

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

120
r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*16.9776*(1+2*(1--0.59))/3
= 360.13
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.58* 360.13*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 16.98*15.24 = 258.74
641.74 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.76 = 11.43 m
Esfuerzo vertical efectivo e.v.e = pe1*Lc = 16.9776*11.43 =
194.05 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 194.05* 5.24 = 1322.44 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 1322.44/2* 3.05*11.43 + 1322.44*
3.05*(15.24-11.43) = %38393.33 kN = 8631.59 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (
0.00+
0.00+2854.47)/3 = 951.49 kN
= 213.91 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = ( 951.49+%38393.33)/4
= 9836.21 kN = 2211.38 klb
....................................

==================================================================
===========
121
Longitud del pilote

15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.02 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
17.45 kN/m3
314.00 grados
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
1.03 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
4.06 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 1.03*17.45*15.24*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r.R) = 50* 1.03*0*tan( 5.48)
klb
0.00
0.00 kN

0.00
122

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.4492*(1+2*(1--0.72))/3
= 393.45
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 1.03* 393.45*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.45*15.24 = 265.93
1172.56 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.02 = 15.24 m
265.93 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 265.93* 2.94 = 1015.49 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 1015.49/2* 4.06*15.24 + 1015.49*
4.06*(15.24-15.24) = %31447.51 kN = 7070.03 klb
Janbu
0.00+
0.00+5215.57)/3 = 1738.52 kN
= 390.85 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (1738.52+%31447.51)/4
= 8296.51 kN = 1865.22 klb
123
.......................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.52 m.
h1 =
Tipo de terreno 1
17.45 kN/m3
314.00 grados
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
2.32 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
6.10 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
124
40
45

370
900

Nq.m = 0
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 2.32*17.45*15.24*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r.R) = 50* 2.32*0*tan( 5.48)
klb
0.00
0.00 kN
0.00

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.4492*(1+2*(1--0.72))/3
= 393.45
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 2.32* 393.45*0 =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.45*15.24 = 265.93
Carga ultima Qp.j = Ap*j*Nq.j = 2.32* 265.93*19 = %11735.03 kN
= 2638.27 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.52 = 22.86 m
398.89 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 398.89* 2.94 = 1523.24 kN/m2
125
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 1523.24/2* 6.10*22.86 + 1523.24*

6.10*(15.24-22.86) = %35378.45 kN = 7953.79 klb
Janbu
0.00+
0.00+%11735.03)/3 = 3911.68
kN = 879.42 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (3911.68+%35378.45)/4
= 9822.53 kN = 2208.30 klb
.....................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.41 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
17.29 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.17 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
1.63 m
126

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.17*17.29*15.24*55 =
2393.87 kN = 538.19 klb
58.95 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.292*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
175.69
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.17* 175.69*36 = 1044.60 kN =
234.85 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.29*15.24 = 263.53
127
185.92 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.41 = 6.10 m
105.41 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 105.41* 0.45 =
61.01 kN/m2
61.01/2* 1.63* 6.10 +
61.01*
1.63*(15.24-6.096) = 1209.22 kN = 271.86 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 262.23+1044.60+ 826.97)/3 = 711.27 kN
= 159.91 klb
480.12 kN = 107.94 klb
..................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.58 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
15.72 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
128
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.34 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
2.34 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.34*15.72*15.24*55 =
4497.00 kN = 1011.02 klb
121.82 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36
129

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*15.72*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
159.72
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.34* 159.72*36 = 1962.33 kN =
441.17 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 15.72*15.24 = 239.57
349.26 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.58 = 8.76 m
kN/m2
137.75

f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 137.75* 0.45 =
79.73 kN/m2
79.73/2* 2.34* 8.76 +
79.73*
2.34*(15.24-8.763) = 2023.13 kN = 454.84 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 541.87+1962.33+1553.51)/3 = 1352.57 kN
= 304.08 klb
843.92 kN = 189.73 klb
.............................................

==================================================================
===========
130
Longitud del pilote

15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.74 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
17.61 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.54 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
2.95 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.54*17.61*15.24*55 =
8007.22 kN = 1800.18 klb
193.67 klb
131

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.6064*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3
= 178.88
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.54* 178.88*36 = 3494.06 kN =
785.53 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.61*15.24 = 268.32
621.88 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.74 = 11.05 m
194.53 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 194.53* 0.45 = 112.60 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 112.60/2* 2.95*11.05 + 112.60*
2.95*(15.24-11.049) = 3223.12 kN = 724.62 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 861.46+3494.06+2766.13)/3 = 2373.88 kN
= 533.70 klb
1399.25 kN = 314.58 klb
132
....................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.12 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
18.55 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
1.25 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
4.47 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
133
40
45

370
900

Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 1.25*18.55*15.24*55 =
%19420.26 kN = 4366.07 klb
50*Ap*Nq.m*tan(a.r.R) = 50* 1.25*55*tan( 0.52)1983.10 kN
445.84 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*18.5496*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3
= 188.46
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 1.25* 188.46*36 = 8474.30 kN =
1905.19 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 18.55*15.24 = 282.70
1508.28 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.12 = 16.76 m
310.97 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 310.97* 0.45 =
179.99 kN/m2
134
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 179.99/2* 4.47*16.76 + 179.99*

4.47*(15.24-16.764) = 5518.01 kN = 1240.56 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (1983.10+8474.30+6708.82)/3 = 5722.07 kN
= 1286.44 klb
2810.02 kN = 631.75 klb
..................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.78 m.
h1 =
b =
Tipo de terreno 1
17.45 kN/m3
30.00 grados
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
3.16 m2
7.11 m
135
a.r.R=a.r*pi/180 = 30*3.141592/180 =
0.52 radianes

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 3.16*17.45*15.24*55 =
%46236.69 kN = %10394.94 klb
1128.42 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.4492*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3
= 177.28
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 3.16* 177.28*36 = %20176.01 kN
= 4535.97 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.45*15.24 = 265.93
136

= 3590.98 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.78 = 26.67 m
465.37 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 465.37* 0.45 = 269.35 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 269.35/2* 7.11*26.67 + 269.35*
7.11*(15.24-26.67) = 3649.32 kN = 820.44 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (5019.21+%20176.01+%15972.67)/3 =
%13722.63 kN = 3085.12 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (%13722.63+3649.32)/4
= 4342.99 kN = 976.39 klb
.............................................

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
0.41 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
17.29 kN/m3
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
137
30.00 grados
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
0.17 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
1.63 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 0.17*17.29*15.24*55 =
2393.87 kN = 538.19 klb
58.95 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36
138

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.292*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
175.69
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 0.17* 175.69*36 = 1044.60 kN =
234.85 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.29*15.24 = 263.53
185.92 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 0.41 = 6.10 m
105.41 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 105.41* 0.45 =
61.01 kN/m2
61.01/2* 1.63* 6.10 +
61.01*
1.63*(15.24-6.096) = 1209.22 kN = 271.86 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = ( 262.23+1044.60+ 826.97)/3 = 711.27 kN
= 159.91 klb
480.12 kN = 107.94 klb

139
==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.52 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
18.86 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
2.32 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
6.10 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 2.32*18.86*15.24*55 =
%36724.12 kN = 8256.32 klb
829.04 klb
140

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*18.864*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
191.66
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 2.32* 191.66*36 = %16025.07 kN
= 3602.76 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 18.86*15.24 = 287.49
= 2852.18 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.52 = 22.86 m
431.23 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 431.23* 0.45 = 249.60 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 249.60/2* 6.10*22.86 + 249.60*
6.10*(15.24-22.86) = 5797.04 kN = 1303.29 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (3687.58+%16025.07+%12686.51)/3 =
%10799.72 kN = 2428.00 klb
141

= 4149.19 kN = 932.82 klb

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
2.03 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
17.29 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
4.13 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
8.13 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
142

Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 4.13*17.29*15.24*55 =
%59846.71 kN = %13454.75 klb
1473.85 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*17.292*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
175.69
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 4.13* 175.69*36 = %26114.93 kN
= 5871.16 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 17.29*15.24 = 263.53
= 4648.00 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 2.03 = 30.48 m
527.06 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 527.06* 0.45 = 305.06 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 305.06/2* 8.13*30.48 + 305.06*
8.13*(15.24-30.48) =
0.00 kN =
0.00 klb
143

Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (6555.70+%26114.93+%20674.32)/3 =
%17781.65 kN = 3997.67 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (%17781.65+
= 4445.41 kN = 999.42 klb
0.00)/4

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
1.78 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
15.72 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
3.16 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
7.11 m
144

a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 3.16*15.72*15.24*55 =
%41654.67 kN = 9364.81 klb
1128.42 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*15.72*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3 =
159.72
Carga ultima
Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v = 3.16* 159.72*36 = %18176.59 kN
= 4086.46 klb
j=pe1*h1 = 15.72*15.24 = 239.57
= 3235.12 klb
------------------------------------------------------------------------Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016
145
RESISTENCIA POR FUSTE

Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 1.78 = 26.67 m
kN/m2
419.25

f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 419.25* 0.45 = 242.66 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 242.66/2* 7.11*26.67 + 242.66*
7.11*(15.24-26.67) = 3287.67 kN = 739.14 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (5019.21+%18176.59+%14389.80)/3 =
%12528.53 kN = 2816.67 klb
= 3954.05 kN = 888.95 klb

==================================================================
===========
Longitud del pilote
15.24 m.
lado del pilote
2.29 m.
Tipo de terreno 1
16.35 kN/m3
30.00 grados
h1 =
b =
ter1$ = Arena
pe1 =
a.r =
F =
146
4.00
Janbu
..................................................................
...........
Area del pilote
Ap=Ap=b^2=
5.23 m2
Perimetro del pilar
p.p=4*b =
9.14 m
a.r
Nq.m
0
0
10
3.5
20
13
30
55
40
370
45
900
Nq.m = 55
Carga ultima
Qp = Ap*pel*h1*Nq.m = 5.23*16.35*15.24*55 =
%71612.03 kN = %16099.83 klb
1865.35 klb

a.r
28
29
30
Nq.v
31
34
36

r = h1*pe1*(1+2*(1-sin(a.r)))/3 = 15.24*16.3488*(1+2*(1- 0.50))/3
147
= 166.10
Carga ultima
= 7025.38 klb

Qp.v = Ap*r*Nq.v =
5.23* 166.10*36 = %31248.89 kN

j=pe1*h1 = 16.35*15.24 = 249.16
= 5561.76 klb
Luz critica
Lc=15*b = 15* 2.29 = 34.29 m
560.60 kN/m2
f = k*e.v.e*tan(0.8*a.r.R) = 1.3* 560.60* 0.45 = 324.47 kN/m2
Qf= f/2*p.p*Lc + f*p.p*(h1-Lc) = 324.47/2* 9.14*34.29 + 324.47*
9.14*(15.24-34.29) = %-5652.11 kN = %-1270.71 klb
Janbu
Qp= (Qp.m+Qp.v+Qp.j)/3 = (8297.06+%31248.89+%24738.70)/3 =
%21428.22 kN = 4817.50 klb
La carga admsible sera: Qadmi = (Qp+Qf)/F = (%21428.22+%5652.11)/4 = 3944.03 kN = 886.70 klb
Coeficientes de Terzaghi-Vesic
f
Nq
Nc
Ny
Nq/Nc
tan(f)
-----------------------------------------------0
5.1416
1
0
0.2
0
1
1.0939
5.3793
0.0731
0.2034
0.0175
2
1.1967
5.6316
0.1534
0.2125
0.0349
148
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

1.3092
1.4325
1.5677
1.7160
1.8789
2.0579
2.2547
2.4714
2.7102
2.9735
3.2642
3.5856
3.9411
4.3351
4.7721
5.2576
5.7977
6.3994
7.0708
7.8211
8.6612
9.6034
10.6621
11.8542
13.1991
14.7199
16.4433
18.4011
20.6308
23.1768
26.0920
29.4398
33.2961
37.7525
42.9199
48.9333
55.9575
64.1952
73.8969
85.3736
99.0143
115.3079
134.8738
158.5017
187.2059
222.2996
265.4973
319.0573
5.8998
6.1850
6.4888
6.8126
7.1582
7.5274
7.9222
8.3449
8.7981
9.2846
9.8075
10.3701
10.9765
11.6309
12.3381
13.1037
13.9336
14.8347
15.8149
16.8829
18.0486
19.3235
20.7205
22.2544
23.9422
25.8033
27.8605
30.1396
32.6711
35.4903
38.6383
42.1637
46.1236
50.5855
55.6296
61.3518
67.8668
75.3131
83.8583
93.7064
105.1074
118.3693
133.8738
152.0976
173.6398
199.2590
229.9240
266.8818
0.2420
0.3402
0.4493
0.5709
0.7070
0.8595
1.0310
1.2242
1.4424
1.6892
1.9689
2.2866
2.6480
3.0596
3.5294
4.0665
4.6813
5.3863
6.1962
7.1279
8.2019
9.4419
10.8763
12.5388
14.4697
16.7168
19.3380
22.4025
25.9942
30.2147
35.1875
41.0638
48.0288
56.3107
66.1921
78.0243
92.2465
109.4105
130.2137
155.5423
186.5296
224.6345
271.7477
330.3377
403.6522
495.9986
613.1402
762.8589
0.2219
0.2316
0.2416
0.2519
0.2625
0.2734
0.2846
0.2962
0.3080
0.3203
0.3328
0.3458
0.3591
0.3727
0.3868
0.4012
0.4161
0.4314
0.4471
0.4633
0.4799
0.4970
0.5146
0.5327
0.5513
0.5705
0.5902
0.6105
0.6315
0.6530
0.6753
0.6982
0.7219
0.7463
0.7715
0.7976
0.8245
0.8524
0.8812
0.9111
0.9420
0.9741
1.0075
1.0421
1.0781
1.1156
1.1547
1.1955
0.0524
0.0699
0.0875
0.1051
0.1228
0.1405
0.1584
0.1763
0.1944
0.2126
0.2309
0.2493
0.2679
0.2867
0.3057
0.3249
0.3443
0.3640
0.3839
0.4040
0.4245
0.4452
0.4663
0.4877
0.5095
0.5317
0.5543
0.5774
0.6009
0.6249
0.6494
0.6745
0.7002
0.7265
0.7536
0.7813
0.8098
0.8391
0.8693
0.9004
0.9325
0.9657
1.0000
1.0355
1.0724
1.1106
1.1504
1.1918
149
.............................................
fisuracion.bas
Calculo del tamao de las fisuras de una pieza a flexion
M
b
h
nr.t1
nr.t2
nr.c
di.t1
di.t2
di.c
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Momento actuante
ancho de la viga
canto de la viga
numero de redondos en la armadura de traccion mas baja
numero de redondos en la armadura de traccion mas alta
numero de redondos en la armadura superior
diametro de los redondos de traccion mas bajos
diametro de los redondos de traccion mas altos
diametro de los redondos superiores
Clase de exposicion
Wmax (mm)
I
0.4
IIa,IIb,H
0.3
IIIa, IIIb, IV, F
0.2
IIIc, Qa, Qb, Qc
0.1
fck
= Resistencia carateristica del hormigon
fyk
= Limite elastico del acero
rec
= recubrimiento de las armaduras
csc
= coefientes de seguridad hormigon
= 1.50
css
= coeficiente de seguridad del acero
= 1.15
csf
= coeficiente de seguridad de las fuerzas = 1.60
__________________________________________________________________
_
b h rec Hor.Acer M nr.t1 di.t1 d.1.2 nr.t2 di.t2 nr.c di.c est
Wmax
___cm___ N/mm2__ mkN
30 70 3 30 500 300
6
20
2
3
20
4
12
8
0.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
Resistencia minorada: hormigon(fcd) acero(fyd) acero a comp.(fycd)
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
__________________________________________________________________
_
cdg armadura de traccion 1
cdg.at1=rec+di.t1/2 = 4.80
150
cm
cdg.at2=rec+est+di.t1+d.1.2+di.t2/2 =
cm
cdg armadura de traccion
cdg.at=(nr.t1*cdg.at1+nr.t2*cdg.at2)/(nr.t1+nr.t2) =
cm
8.80
CALCULO DE LA ABERTURA DE LAS FISURAS

Abertura maxima de las fisuras en ambiente I
Wmax =
mm
La abertura de las fisuras de la viga es w=1.7*d.F*a.m.A
d.F = distancia entre fisuras
a.m.A = alargamiento medio de las armaduras
6.13
0.40
Calculo de d.F (distancia entre fisuras) = 2*rec + 0.2*b/nr.t1 +

k1*di.t1*Ac.ef/A.t
k1 en vigas a flexion simple es 0.125
Separacion eficaz s
= 3.33 cm
Seccion de hormigon eficaz
= 525 cm2
Area de la armadura a traccion
= 28.27 cm2
Distancia entre fisuras
= 11.64 cm
Calculo de a.m.A alargamiento medio de las armaduras
a.m.A=ten.fis/M.d.a*(1-k2*(ten.mom/ten.fis)^2)
El coeficiente kz
= 7/8
Altura util d= h-cdg.at
= 0.64
ten.fis=tension de servicio de la armadura en la hipotesis de
seccion fisurada ten.fis=M/kz/d/A.t/1000 =
189.87
N/mm2
ten.mom = tension en la armadura en el momento en que se
fisura
la seccion cuando se alcanza la tension media de traccion
fct.m
fct.m (tension media de traccion)=0.3*(fck^2)^1/3 =
2.90
N/mm2
tension en el momento en que se fisura... ten.mom =
43.66
N/mm2
Alargamiento medio del acero a.m.A
=
0.90
mm
Valor de comparacion v.c=0.4*ten.fis*1000/M.d.a
=
0.00
mm
El alargamiento medio de las armaduras a.m.A( 0.90) es >= v.c
( 0.36) (correcto)
La fisura mide: wk=be*d.F*a.m.A
La anchura de la fisura mide 0.18 mm
151
La anchura de la fisura wk ( 0.18) es menor que el maximo

Wmax( 0.40) (correcto)
fisuracion.bas
Ejemplo 2
M
b
h
nr.t1
nr.t2
nr.c
di.t1
di.t2
di.c
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Momento actuante
ancho de la viga
canto de la viga
Clase de exposicion
Wmax (mm)
I
0.4
IIa,IIb,H
0.3
IIIa, IIIb, IV, F
0.2
IIIc, Qa, Qb, Qc
0.1
fck
fyk
rec
csc
= 1.50
css
= 1.15
csf
__________________________________________________________________
_
Wmax
50 60 3 30 500 400
8
20
2
3
20
4
12
8
0.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
__________________________________________________________________
_
cm
152

cm
cm
8.80

Wmax =
mm
5.89
0.40

k1*di.t1*Ac.ef/A.t
Separacion eficaz s
= 4.55 cm
= 750 cm2
= 34.56 cm2
= 12.68 cm
El coeficiente kz
= 7/8
= 0.54
244.48 N/mm2
ten.mom = tension en la armadura en el momento en que se fisura
la seccion cuando se alcanza la tension media de traccion fct.m
2.90 N/mm2
51.63 N/mm2
=
1.16 mm
Valor de comparacion v.c=0.4*ten.fis*1000/M.d.a =
0.00 mm
( 0.47) (correcto)
153
fisuracion.bas
Ejemplo 2
M
b
h
nr.t1
nr.t2
nr.c
di.t1
di.t2
di.c
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Momento actuante
ancho de la viga
canto de la viga
Clase de exposicion
Wmax (mm)
I
0.4
IIa,IIb,H
0.3
IIIa, IIIb, IV, F
0.2
IIIc, Qa, Qb, Qc
0.1
fck
fyk
rec
csc
= 1.50
css
= 1.15
csf
__________________________________________________________________
_
Wmax
70 70 3 30 900 300 12
20
2
3
20
4
12
8
0.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
782.61
545.45
__________________________________________________________________
_
cm
cdg.at2=rec+est+di.t1+d.1.2+di.t2/2 = 8.80 cm
cdg.at=(nr.t1*cdg.at1+nr.t2*cdg.at2)/(nr.t1+nr.t2) = 5.60 cm
Wmax =
0.40 mm
154

k1*di.t1*Ac.ef/A.t
Separacion eficaz s
= 4.67 cm
= %1225.00 cm2
= 47.12 cm2
= 13.67 cm
El coeficiente kz
= 7/8
= 0.64
112.98 N/mm2
ten.mom = tension en la armadura en el momento en que se fisura
la seccion cuando se alcanza la tension media de traccion fct.m
2.90 N/mm2
60.62 N/mm2
=
0.54 mm
Valor de comparacion v.c=0.4*ten.fis*1000/M.d.a =
0.00 mm
( 0.22) (correcto)
fisuracion.bas
Ejemplo 2
M
b
h
nr.t1
nr.t2
nr.c
=
=
=
=
=
=
Momento actuante
ancho de la viga
canto de la viga
155
di.t1 = diametro de los redondos de traccion mas bajos

di.t2 = diametro de los redondos de traccion mas altos
di.c = diametro de los redondos superiores
Clase de exposicion
Wmax (mm)
I
0.4
IIa,IIb,H
0.3
IIIa, IIIb, IV, F
0.2
IIIc, Qa, Qb, Qc
0.1
fck
fyk
rec
csc
= 1.50
css
= 1.15
csf
__________________________________________________________________
_
Wmax
70 40 3 30 700 300 12
20
2
3
16
4
12
8
0.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
608.70
482.76
__________________________________________________________________
_
cm
cdg.at2=rec+est+di.t1+d.1.2+di.t2/2 = 8.60
cm
cdg.at=(nr.t1*cdg.at1+nr.t2*cdg.at2)/(nr.t1+nr.t2) = 5.56
cm
Wmax =
mm
0.40

k1*di.t1*Ac.ef/A.t
Separacion eficaz s
= 4.67 cm
= %700.00 cm2
156

= 47.12 cm2
= 10.88 cm

El coeficiente kz
= 7/8
= 0.34
211.26
N/mm2
fisura
fct.m
2.90
N/mm2
37.02
N/mm2
=
1.01
mm
=
0.00
mm
( 0.40) (correcto)
fisuracion.bas
Ejemplo 2
M
b
h
nr.t1
nr.t2
nr.c
=
=
=
=
=
=
Momento actuante
ancho de la viga
canto de la viga
157
di.t1 = diametro de los redondos de traccion mas bajos

di.t2 = diametro de los redondos de traccion mas altos
di.c = diametro de los redondos superiores
Clase de exposicion
Wmax (mm)
I
0.4
IIa,IIb,H
0.3
IIIa, IIIb, IV, F
0.2
IIIc, Qa, Qb, Qc
0.1
fck
fyk
rec
csc
= 1.50
css
= 1.15
csf
__________________________________________________________________
_
Wmax
40 40 3 30 700 300
8
20
2
3
16
4
12
8
0.40
N/mm2
20
608.70
482.76
cdg.at1=rec+di.t1/2 =
Wmax =
4.80
cm
8.60
cm
5.84
cm
0.40
mm

k1*di.t1*Ac.ef/A.t
Separacion eficaz s
= 3.64 cm
= %400.00 cm2
= 34.56 cm2
= 9.89 cm
158

El coeficiente kz
= 7/8
= 0.34
290.41
N/mm2
fisura
fct.m
2.90
N/mm2
29.08
N/mm2
=
1.38
mm
=
0.00
mm
( 0.55) (correcto)
Calcular las armaduras y su disposicion

b
h (rec)
tr co es Horm. Acero Mom M.v csc css csf csfg
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
(Md=M*csf+Mv*csfg)=300mkN
Posicion
c.d.g. de la armadura de traccion =
5
cm
c.d.g. de la armadura de compresion=
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
65
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 8313.00 kN
Valor de comprobacion
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 2032.53 kN
No se precisa armadura de compresion pues Md<=Vc
Armado de traccion Us1=Uo*(1-sqr(1-2*Md/Uo*d))= 473.61 kN
Seccion armadura inferior
A=10*Us1/fyd=
10.89 cm2
159
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 4 R 20.0
Cuantia geometrica minima
= 16.17 cm2
La armadura A es suficiente
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 21.60 cm
El ancho es suficiente
...............................

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
(Md=M*csf+Mv*csfg)=82.5mkN
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
26
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1165.71 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 111.91 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
11.10 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 6 R 16.0
=
2.97 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 26.80 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
35
cm
160
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 4488.00 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 592.42 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
13.64 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 5 R 20.0
=
9.24 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 25.60 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
25
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 2295.00 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 216.88 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
22.74 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 8 R 20.0
=
5.94 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 37.60 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
161
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
25
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1734.91 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 165.25 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
20.52 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 7 R 20.0
=
4.45 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 33.20 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
25
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1927.68 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 183.61 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
20.93 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 7 R 20.0
=
4.95 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 33.20 cm

b
h (rec)
tr co es Horm. Acero Mom M.v csc
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
css
csf csfg
162
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
51
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1709.71 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 328.27 kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=0.5*Uo+Us2= 1111.68 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
25.07 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 8 R 20.0
Armado de Compresion
Us2= 256.82 kN
Seccion armadura/compresion (superior)
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=
6.35
cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 20.0
=
4.54 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 35.60 cm
b insuficiente, maximo de redondos por capa
=4.86666667
Numero de capas
=2
Numero de redondos en capa1=4.86666667
Distancia del nuevo c.d.g. (z)=5.5625cm
Nuevo canto util
(d)=49.4375cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1650.85938kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 306.053851kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1140.84168kN
Seccion arma./traccion (inferior) A=10*Us1/fyd=25.7248614cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=9 R 20.0
Us2=315.411994kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=7.79253161cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 20.0
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=49.1333333cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1640.70238kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 302.299414kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1146.16131kN
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=9 R 20.0
Us2=325.810117kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=8.04942642cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 20.0
=0cm2
163

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
51
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1709.71 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 328.27 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
8.97 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 3 R 20.0
=
4.54 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 15.60 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
46
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1171.73 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 201.90 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
4.40 cm2
164
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 2 R 25.0
=
4.13 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 12.60 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
46
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1171.73 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 201.90 kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=0.5*Uo+Us2= 740.05 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
20.76 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 5 R 25.0
Us2= 154.18 kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=
4.36
cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 16.0
=
4.13 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 26.10 cm
=4.38
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=45.33cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 1155.915kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 196.491101kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=747.401303kN
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=5 R 25.0
Us2=169.443803kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=4.79401979cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 16.0
165

=0cm2

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
4
cm
4
cm
Canto util
(d)=
56
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 2487.84 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 520.11 kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=0.5*Uo+Us2= 1474.69 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
41.36 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 9 R 25.0
Us2= 230.77 kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=
6.53
cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi*(d.c/2)^2))=4 R 16.0
=
6.93 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 44.50 cm
=6.3
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=54.25cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 2420.90625kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 492.503115kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1502.81563kN
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=9 R 25.0
Us2=292.362507kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=8.27171971cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=5 R 16.0
=0cm2
166

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
55
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 3522.40 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 733.10 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
16.51 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 6 R 20.0
=
6.93 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 29.00 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
70
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 4773.60 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 1256.65 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
18.81 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 6 R 20.0
=
9.90 cm2
167
Ancho minimo
(b.min)=
29.60 cm

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
45
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 2674.52 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 450.82 kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=0.5*Uo+Us2= 1409.57 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
40.53 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 9 R 25.0
Us2=
72.31 kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=
2.08
cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi*(d.c/2)^2))=2 R 16.0
=
4.95 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 46.10 cm
=4.98
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=42.7166667cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 2541.64167kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 407.139224kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1461.97285kN
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=9 R 25.0
Us2=191.152013kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=5.49562037cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=3 R 16.0
=0cm2
168

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
5
cm
5
cm
Canto util
(d)=
55
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 3257.63 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 668.83 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
43.89 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 9 R 25.0
=
6.93 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 46.50 cm
=5.9
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=53.0277778cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 3155.15278kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 627.415276kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1603.67074kN
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=10 R 25.0
Us2=26.094347kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=0.75021248cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=1 R 16.0
Numero de capas
=2
Nuevo canto util
(d)=52.7cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 3135.65kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 619.682831kN
Armado de traccion
Us1=1610.2408kN
169
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2))=10 R 25.0
Us2=42.4158011kN
A.c=10*Us2/fycd=1.21945428cm2
Armadura
nrc=1+int(A.c/(pi#*(d.c/2)^2))=1 R 16.0
=0cm2

b
h (rec)
_____cm_____
___mm___ ___N/mm2___
mkN
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Momento de calculo
Posicion
6
cm
6
cm
Canto util
(d)=
54
cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)= 3427.20 kN
(Vc=0.375*Uo*d)= 694.01 kN
A=10*Us1/fyd=
14.04 cm2
Armadura
ndr=1+int(A/(pi*(dia/2)^2)) = 5 R 20.0
=
6.93 cm2
Ancho minimo
(b.min)= 28.00 cm
Momento de agotamiento en mkN dando

escuadria y armado
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________
b
= dimension de la pieza (ancho)
h = altura
Resistencia caracteristica del hormigon = 30 N/mm2 Limite elastico del acero = 500 N/mm2
diametro de los estribos o cercos = 6 mm
recubrimiento = 3.5 cm
coeficiente de seguridad del hormigon = 1.5
coeficiente de seguridad del acero = 1.15
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
8
10
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
44
66
87
109
131
153
175
68
102
137
171
205
239
273
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
b
cm
h
cm
170
___
20 x 20
10.0 12.7
10.2 14.3 18.3
30
20
13.6 16.3 19.0 21.6
15.3 19.5 23.5 27.4
40
20
17.1 19.9 22.7 25.3
15.9 20.3 24.6 28.7 32.7 36.5
50
20
20.7 23.5 26.3
21.0 25.4 29.7 33.8 37.9
60
20
24.2 27.1
26.1 30.5 34.8 39.0
70
20
27.8
26.6 31.2 35.6 39.9
80
20
31.7 36.3 40.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
13.2 17.0
13.6 19.5 25.1
30
25
21.8 25.6 29.3
20.4 26.3 32.0 37.6
40
25
26.5 30.3 34.1
27.2 33.1 38.9 44.6 50.2
50
25
31.2 35.1
34.0 39.9 45.8 51.5
60
25
40.8 46.8 52.6
70
25
47.6 53.6
80
25
54.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
21.4
24.6 31.9
30
30
32.1 36.9
33.1 40.6 47.9
40
30
38.0 42.8
41.7 49.2 56.6 63.8
50
30
50.2 57.7 65.2
60
30
58.7 66.3
70
30
67.2
80
30
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
25.8
29.7 38.8
30
35
38.7 44.6
40.0 49.1 58.1
40
35
51.6
50.2 59.4 68.5 77.5
50
35
69.7 78.8
60
35
79.9
70
35
80
35
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
34.8 45.6
30
40
52.2
57.7 68.4
40
40
69.7 80.5 91.2
50
40
92.5
60
40
70
40
80
40
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
52.4
30
45
66.2 78.6
40
45
92.4 104.8
50
45
60
45
70
45
80
45
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
59.2
30
50
88.9
40
50
118.5
50
50
60
50
70
50
80
50
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
66.1
30
55
99.1
40
55
132.1
50
55
60
55
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
171
20 x 60
30
60
40
60
50
60
60
60
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
30
65
40
65
50
65
60
65
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
40
70
50
70
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
30
75
40
75
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
40
80
50
80
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
12
14
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
98
148
197
246
295
344
393
134
201
268
335
402
469
535
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
13.7 19.3
17.7 24.8
30
20
14.5 20.6 26.3 31.7 36.9
18.8 26.6 33.7 40.5 47.1
40
20
21.5 27.5 33.2 38.7 44.0 49.2
27.8 35.4 42.6 49.5 56.2 62.8
50
20
22.1 28.4 34.4 40.1 45.6 51.0
28.6 36.7 44.3 51.5 58.5 65.3
60
20
22.5 29.1 35.3 41.2 47.0 52.6
29.3 37.6 45.6 53.1 60.4 67.4
70
20
29.6 36.0 42.2 48.1 53.9
38.4 46.6 54.4 62.0 69.3
80
20
30.0 36.6 43.0 49.1 55.0
39.0 47.4 55.5 63.3 70.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
18.7 26.7
24.4 34.8
30
25
19.5 28.0 36.1 44.0 51.6
25.5 36.6 47.1 57.2 67.1
40
25
28.9 37.3 45.5 53.4 61.2 68.9
37.8 48.8 59.4 69.6 79.6 89.5
50
25
38.2 46.7 54.9 62.9 70.7
38.7 50.1 61.0 71.6 81.9 92.1
60
25
38.9 47.6 56.0 64.2 72.2
39.3 51.0 62.3 73.2 83.8 94.2
70
25
48.3 56.9 65.3 73.6
51.8 63.3 74.5 85.4 96.0
80
25
48.9 57.7 66.3 74.7
52.4 64.2 75.6 86.7 97.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
23.6 34.1
31.1 44.8
30
30
35.4 46.0 56.3 66.4
32.2 46.6 60.5 74.0 87.2
b
cm
h
cm
172
40
30
36.2 47.2 57.8 68.2 78.4 88.5
47.8 62.2 76.1 89.7 103.1 116.3
50
30
48.1 59.0 69.6 80.1 90.4
48.7 63.4 77.7 91.7 105.4 118.8
60
30
59.9 70.7 81.4 91.9
64.4 79.0 93.3 107.2 121.0
70
30
71.7 82.5 93.2
65.2 80.1 94.6 108.8 122.8
80
30
72.5 83.5 94.3
80.9 95.7 110.1 124.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
28.5 41.5
37.8 54.9
30
35
42.8 55.8 68.6 81.1
38.9 56.7 73.9 90.7 107.3
40
35
57.0 70.1 82.9 95.6 108.2
57.9 75.6 92.8 109.8 126.5 143.1
50
35
71.3 84.4 97.3 110.0
76.8 94.5 111.7 128.8 145.6
60
35
85.5 98.6 111.6
77.8 95.7 113.4 130.7 147.8
70
35
99.8 112.9
96.8 114.7 132.2 149.6
80
35
100.7 114.0
115.8 133.6 151.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
33.4 48.8
44.5 64.9
30
40
50.1 65.6 80.9 95.9
66.7 87.3 107.4 127.4
40
40
66.8 82.4 97.7 112.8 127.9
67.9 89.0 109.6 129.8 149.9 169.8
50
40
83.5 99.1 114.5 129.7
90.2 111.2 131.8 152.2 172.4
60
40
100.3 115.8 131.3
112.5 133.4 154.1 174.5
70
40
117.0 132.6
134.7 155.7 176.3
80
40
133.7
135.8 157.0 177.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
56.2
51.2 75.0
30
45
75.5 93.1 110.6
76.8 100.6 124.2 147.5
40
45
94.7 112.4 130.0 147.5
102.3 126.3 149.9 173.3 196.6
50
45
113.9 131.7 149.4
127.9 151.9 175.6 199.1
60
45
133.0 150.9
129.2 153.5 177.5 201.3
70
45
152.2
154.8 179.1 203.1
80
45
180.4 204.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
63.6
57.9 85.0
30
50
85.3 105.4 125.4
86.8 114.0 140.9 167.5
40
50
107.0 127.2 147.3 167.2
115.7 143.0 170.0 196.8 223.4
50
50
148.9 169.0
144.7 172.0 199.1 225.9
60
50
170.6
173.6 200.9 228.1
70
50
202.5 229.9
80
50
231.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
71.0
95.0
30
55
117.7 140.1
127.4 157.6 187.6
40
55
141.9 164.5 186.9
159.8 190.1 220.2 250.2
50
55
166.1 188.7
192.1 222.5 252.7
60
55
224.4 254.8
70
55
256.7
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
78.3
105.1
30
60
130.0 154.9
140.8 174.4 207.7
40
60
156.7 181.7 206.5
176.5 210.2 243.6 276.9
50
60
208.4
212.1 245.9 279.5
60
60
247.8 281.6
70
60
283.4
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
115.1
30
65
142.3 169.7
154.2 191.1 227.8
40
65
198.9 226.2
193.2 230.2 267.1 303.7
50
65
232.2 269.3 306.2
60
65
308.4
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
125.2
30
70
184.4
167.6 207.8 247.9
40
70
216.1 245.9
250.3 290.5 330.5
173
50
70
292.8 333.0
60
70
335.2
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
135.2
30
75
199.2
224.6 267.9
40
75
265.5
270.4 313.9 357.2
50
75
316.2 359.8
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
145.2
30
80
213.9
241.3 288.0
40
80
285.2
290.5 337.3 384.0
50
80
386.6
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
16
20
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
175
262
350
437
525
612
699
273
410
546
683
820
956
%1093
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
21.9 30.4
30.5 69.9
30
20
23.5 32.9 41.5 49.6
33.4 45.8 97.4 112.2
40
20
34.6 43.8 52.5 60.8 68.8 76.6
35.2 48.9 61.0 124.8 139.8 154.5
50
20
35.8 45.6 54.8 63.5 71.9 80.0
51.1 64.3 76.3 87.4 167.3 182.1
60
20
36.6 46.9 56.6 65.7 74.5 83.0
52.8 66.8 79.6 91.5 102.7 194.7
70
20
48.0 58.0 67.6 76.7 85.5
54.1 68.8 82.3 94.9 106.8 118.0
80
20
48.9 59.2 69.1 78.6 87.7
70.4 84.6 97.8 110.2 122.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
30.7 43.5
44.2 61.7
30
25
32.2 46.0 59.0 71.5
47.1 66.2 84.0 166.7
40
25
47.7 61.3 74.4 87.0 99.4 111.5
48.9 69.4 88.3 106.2 123.4 229.1
50
25
48.9 63.1 76.6 89.7 102.5 115.0
71.6 91.6 110.4 128.4 145.7 162.6
60
25
49.8 64.4 78.4 92.0 105.1 117.9
73.3 94.1 113.8 132.5 150.5 168.0
70
25
65.5 79.9 93.8 107.3 120.5
74.6 96.1 116.5 135.9 154.6 172.6
80
25
66.3 81.1 95.3 109.2 122.6
97.8 118.7 138.8 158.0 176.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
39.4 56.6
57.8 82.2
30
30
40.9 59.1 76.5 93.3
60.7 86.7 111.3 134.9
40
30
60.8 78.8 96.2 113.2 130.0 146.5
62.5 89.9 115.6 140.3 164.3 187.0
50
30
62.0 80.5 98.5 116.0 133.1 150.0
92.1 118.9 144.5 169.3 193.5 217.2
60
30
62.9 81.9 100.3 118.2 135.7 152.9
93.8 121.4 147.9 173.5 198.3 222.6
70
30
83.0 101.7 120.0 137.9 155.4
95.1 123.5 150.6 176.9 202.4 227.3
80
30
83.8 102.9 121.6 139.7 157.6
125.1 152.9 179.7 205.8 231.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
48.1 69.7
71.5 102.7
30
35
49.7 72.2 93.9 115.2
74.4 107.2 138.6 169.1
40
35
73.9 96.3 118.1 139.5 160.6 181.5
76.2 110.4 143.0 174.5 205.3 234.8
50
35
75.1 98.0 120.4 142.2 163.7 184.9
112.6 146.2 178.7 210.3 241.3 271.9
60
35
76.0 99.4 122.1 144.4 166.3 187.9
114.3 148.8 182.1 214.4 246.1 277.2
70
35
100.4 123.6 146.3 168.5 190.4
115.6 150.8 184.8 217.9 250.2 281.9
80
35
101.3 124.8 147.8 170.3 192.6
152.4 187.0 220.7 253.6 285.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
56.9 82.8
85.1 123.1
30
40
58.4 85.3 111.4 137.0
88.0 127.7 165.9 203.2
40
40
87.0 113.8 139.9 165.7 191.2 216.5
89.9 130.8 170.3 208.6 246.3 282.6
50
40
88.2 115.5 142.2 168.4 194.3 219.9
133.1 173.5 212.8 251.3 289.1 326.5
60
40
116.9 144.0 170.6 196.9 222.8
134.8 176.1 216.2 255.4 293.9 331.9
b
cm
h
cm
174
70
40
117.9 145.5 172.5 199.1 225.4
136.1 178.1 218.9 258.8 298.0 336.5
80
40
146.7 174.0 200.9 227.5
179.7 221.2 261.7 301.4 340.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
65.6 96.0
98.8 143.6
30
45
67.2 98.4 128.9 158.9
101.7 148.2 193.3 237.4
40
45
100.1 131.2 161.8 191.9 221.8 251.4
103.5 151.3 197.6 242.8 287.3 330.4
50
45
133.0 164.1 194.6 224.9 254.9
153.6 200.9 247.0 292.3 336.9 381.1
60
45
134.3 165.9 196.9 227.5 257.8
155.3 203.4 250.3 296.4 341.7 386.5
70
45
167.3 198.7 229.7 260.3
156.6 205.4 253.1 299.8 345.8 391.2
80
45
200.2 231.5 262.5
207.0 255.3 302.7 349.2 395.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
74.4 109.1
112.5 164.1
30
50
111.5 146.4 180.7
115.4 168.7 220.6 271.5
40
50
113.2 148.7 183.6 218.1 252.4 286.4
117.2 171.8 224.9 276.9 328.2 378.2
50
50
150.5 185.9 220.9 255.5 289.8
174.1 228.2 281.1 333.2 384.7 435.8
60
50
187.7 223.1 258.1 292.8
175.8 230.7 284.5 337.4 389.5 441.2
70
50
189.2 224.9 260.3 295.3
232.7 287.2 340.8 393.6 445.8
80
50
226.5 262.1 297.5
234.4 289.5 343.6 397.1 449.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
83.1 122.2
126.1 184.6
30
55
124.7 163.9 202.6
129.0 189.2 247.9 305.7
40
55
166.2 205.5 244.4 283.0 321.4
130.8 192.3 252.2 311.1 369.2 426.0
50
55
168.0 207.8 247.1 286.1 324.8
194.6 255.5 315.3 374.2 432.5 490.4
60
55
209.6 249.3 288.7 327.7
196.3 258.0 318.6 378.3 437.3 495.8
70
55
251.2 290.9 330.3
260.0 321.4 381.8 441.4 500.4
80
55
292.7 332.4
261.7 323.6 384.6 444.9 504.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
91.8 135.3
139.8 205.1
30
60
137.8 181.4 224.4
142.7 209.7 275.2 339.8
40
60
183.7 227.4 270.6 313.6 356.3
212.8 279.5 345.2 410.2 473.8
50
60
229.6 273.3 316.7 359.8
215.1 282.8 349.4 415.2 480.3 545.0
60
60
275.5 319.3 362.7
285.4 352.8 419.3 485.1 550.4
70
60
277.4 321.5 365.2
287.4 355.5 422.7 489.2 555.1
80
60
323.3 367.4
357.8 425.6 492.7 559.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65 100.6 148.4
153.4 225.6
30
65
150.9 198.8 246.3
156.3 230.2 302.5 374.0
40
65
201.2 249.2 296.8 344.2 391.3
233.3 306.9 379.4 451.2 521.7
50
65
251.5 299.6 347.3 394.7
235.5 310.1 383.6 456.2 528.2 599.7
60
65
301.8 349.9 397.7
312.7 386.9 460.3 533.0 605.1
70
65
352.1 400.2
389.7 463.7 537.0 609.7
80
65
402.4
391.9 466.6 540.5 613.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70 109.3 161.5
167.1 246.1
30
70
164.0 216.3 268.2
170.0 250.6 329.9 408.1
40
70
218.7 271.1 323.0 374.8 426.3
253.8 334.2 413.5 492.1 569.5
50
70
273.3 325.8 377.9 429.7
337.5 417.7 497.2 576.0 654.3
60
70
328.0 380.5 432.6
340.0 421.1 501.3 580.8 659.7
70
70
382.7 435.2
423.8 504.7 584.8 664.4
80
70
437.3
426.1 507.6 588.3 668.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
174.6
180.8 266.6
30
75
233.8 290.0
271.1 357.2 442.3
40
75
292.9 349.3 405.3 461.2
274.3 361.5 447.7 533.1 617.3
50
75
352.0 408.5 464.7
364.8 451.9 538.1 623.8 709.0
60
75
411.1 467.6
455.2 542.3 628.6 714.3
70
75
470.1
458.0 545.7 632.6 719.0
80
75
548.5 636.1 723.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
187.8
194.4 287.1
30
80
251.3 311.9
291.6 384.5 476.4
40
80
314.8 375.5 435.9 496.2
294.8 388.8 481.8 574.1 665.1
50
80
378.2 439.1 499.6
392.1 486.0 579.1 671.6 763.6
60
80
441.7 502.6
489.4 583.2 676.4 769.0
70
80
505.1
492.1 586.6 680.4 773.6
175
80
80
589.5 683.9 777.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
Ejemplo:
b
h = altura
fck = Resistencia caracteristica del hormigon
fyk = Limite elastico del acero
est = diametro de los estribos o cercos
ndr = numero de barras de traccion
dia = diametro de las barras de traccion
nd.c = numero de barras de compresion
di.c= diametro de las barras de compresion
rec = recubrimiento
csc = coeficiente de seguridad del hormigon
css = coeficiente de seguridad del acero
m
N/mm2 mm
mm
mm
cm
b
h
Horm. Acero
est ndr dia nr.c di.c rec csc css csf
__cm__
___N/mm2__
30 30
30
500
6
3
12
2
12 3.5 1.5 1.15 1.5
_________________________________________________________________
fck/csc
fyk/css fyk/(css+(fyk-400)*0.001)
N/mm2
20 434.782609 400
_________________________________________________________________
Se calculan las capacidades mecanicas de las armaduras:
producto del numero de redondos por su seccion por la
resistencia minorada el acero:
Us1=ndr*fyd*pi*(dia/2)^2/1000
Capacidad mecanica de la amadura inferior Us1 = 147.52 kN
Us2=nr.c*fycd*pi*(di.c/2)^2/1000
Capacidad mecanica de la armadura superior Us2= 90.48 kN
dis=(rec+est/10+dia/(2*10))/100
Distancia eje armadura-canto
(dis)=
4.70 cm
Canto util
(d=h-dis)= 25.30 cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)=1290.30 kN
Valor auxiliar
(Uv=2*Uo*dis/d )= 479.40 kN
U=Us1-Us2
U<Uv
Mu=0.24*Uv*dis*(Uv-Us1+Us2)*(1.5*Us1+Us2)/(0.6*Uv+Us2)^2 +Us1*(d-dis)
Momento de agotamiento
(Mu)= 35.37 mkN
Momento de agotamiento en mkN dando escuadria y armado

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
b
h = altura
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
8
10
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
44
66
87
109
131
153
175
68
102
137
171
205
239
273
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
9.7 12.3
9.9 13.9 17.7
30
20
13.2 15.8 18.4 21.0
14.9 18.9 22.8 26.6
40
20
16.6 19.3 22.0 24.6
15.5 19.8 23.9 27.9 31.7 35.5
50
20
20.1 22.8 25.5
20.5 24.8 28.9 32.9 36.8
60
20
23.5 26.3
25.4 29.7 33.8 37.9
70
20
27.0
26.0 30.4 34.7 38.8
80
20
31.0 35.3 39.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
13.0 16.7
13.3 19.1 24.6
30
25
21.3 25.0 28.6
20.0 25.8 31.4 36.9
40
25
25.9 29.6 33.3
26.6 32.4 38.1 43.7 49.1
50
25
30.5 34.3
33.3 39.1 44.8 50.4
b
cm
h
cm
176
60
25
39.9 45.8 51.5
70
25
46.6 52.5
80
25
53.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
21.0
24.2 31.4
30
30
31.5 36.3
32.6 39.9 47.1
40
30
37.3 42.1
41.0 48.4 55.6 62.8
50
30
49.4 56.8 64.1
60
30
57.7 65.2
70
30
66.1
80
30
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
25.4
29.3 38.2
30
35
38.1 43.9
39.4 48.4 57.3
40
35
50.8
49.5 58.6 67.6 76.5
50
35
68.7 77.7
60
35
78.8
70
35
80
35
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
34.4 45.1
30
40
51.6
57.0 67.6
40
40
68.8 79.5 90.1
50
40
91.4
60
40
70
40
80
40
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
51.9
30
45
65.5 77.8
40
45
91.5 103.8
50
45
60
45
70
45
80
45
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
58.7
30
50
88.1
40
50
117.4
50
50
60
50
70
50
80
50
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
65.5
30
55
98.3
40
55
131.1
50
55
60
55
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
30
60
40
60
50
60
60
60
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
30
65
40
65
50
65
60
65
177
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
40
70
50
70
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
30
75
40
75
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
40
80
50
80
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
12
14
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
98
148
197
246
295
344
393
134
201
268
335
402
469
535
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
13.4 18.8
17.2 24.0
30
20
14.2 20.1 25.5 30.7 35.8
18.3 25.8 32.6 39.2 45.6
40
20
20.9 26.7 32.2 37.5 42.7 47.8
27.0 34.3 41.3 48.0 54.4 60.8
50
20
21.6 27.7 33.4 38.9 44.3 49.5
27.9 35.6 42.9 49.9 56.6 63.2
60
20
22.1 28.4 34.4 40.1 45.6 51.0
28.6 36.7 44.3 51.5 58.5 65.3
70
20
29.0 35.1 41.1 46.8 52.3
37.5 45.4 52.9 60.1 67.1
80
20
29.4 35.8 41.9 47.8 53.5
38.2 46.3 54.0 61.5 68.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
18.3 26.1
23.9 34.0
30
25
19.1 27.4 35.3 43.0 50.6
25.0 35.8 46.0 56.0 65.7
40
25
28.3 36.6 44.5 52.3 59.9 67.4
37.0 47.7 58.0 68.0 77.9 87.6
50
25
37.5 45.7 53.7 61.5 69.2
38.0 49.0 59.7 70.0 80.1 90.0
60
25
38.2 46.7 54.9 62.9 70.7
38.7 50.1 61.0 71.6 81.9 92.1
70
25
47.4 55.8 64.0 72.0
50.9 62.1 72.9 83.5 93.9
80
25
48.1 56.6 65.0 73.1
51.5 63.0 74.1 84.9 95.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
23.2 33.5
30.6 44.1
30
30
34.8 45.2 55.3 65.3
31.7 45.8 59.4 72.7 85.8
40
30
35.7 46.4 56.8 67.0 77.1 87.1
47.1 61.1 74.7 88.1 101.3 114.4
50
30
47.3 58.0 68.4 78.7 88.9
48.0 62.4 76.4 90.1 103.5 116.8
60
30
59.0 69.6 80.1 90.4
63.4 77.7 91.7 105.4 118.8
70
30
70.6 81.2 91.7
64.3 78.8 93.0 106.9 120.6
80
30
71.4 82.2 92.8
79.7 94.2 108.3 122.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
28.1 40.9
37.2 54.1
30
35
42.2 55.0 67.6 80.1
38.4 55.9 72.8 89.4 105.9
40
35
56.2 69.1 81.8 94.3 106.8
57.1 74.5 91.5 108.2 124.7 141.1
50
35
70.3 83.2 95.9 108.5
75.8 93.1 110.1 126.9 143.5
60
35
84.4 97.3 110.0
76.8 94.5 111.7 128.8 145.6
70
35
98.4 111.3
95.6 113.1 130.4 147.4
80
35
99.4 112.5
114.3 131.7 149.0
b
cm
h
cm
178
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
33.0 48.3
43.9 64.1
30
40
49.6 64.9 79.9 94.8
65.9 86.2 106.2 125.9
40
40
66.1 81.4 96.5 111.5 126.4
67.2 87.9 108.2 128.3 148.1 167.9
50
40
82.6 97.9 113.1 128.2
89.2 109.9 130.2 150.3 170.3
60
40
99.1 114.5 129.7
111.2 131.8 152.2 172.4
70
40
115.6 131.0
133.2 153.8 174.2
80
40
132.1
134.3 155.2 175.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
55.6
50.6 74.2
30
45
74.7 92.2 109.6
76.0 99.6 122.9 146.0
40
45
93.7 111.3 128.7 146.1
101.3 124.9 148.3 171.6 194.7
50
45
112.7 130.3 147.9
126.6 150.3 173.8 197.1
60
45
131.7 149.4
127.9 151.9 175.6 199.1
70
45
150.7
153.3 177.2 201.0
80
45
178.6 202.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
63.0
57.3 84.2
30
50
84.5 104.5 124.3
86.0 113.0 139.6 166.1
40
50
106.0 126.0 146.0 165.8
114.7 141.7 168.4 195.0 221.5
50
50
147.6 167.5
143.3 170.4 197.2 223.8
60
50
169.0
172.0 199.1 225.9
70
50
200.6 227.7
80
50
229.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
70.4
94.3
30
55
116.8 139.1
126.3 156.3 186.2
40
55
140.8 163.2 185.4
158.4 188.5 218.4 248.2
50
55
164.8 187.2
190.4 220.6 250.6
60
55
222.5 252.7
70
55
254.5
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
77.8
104.3
30
60
129.1 153.8
139.7 173.1 206.3
40
60
155.5 180.4 205.1
175.1 208.6 241.9 275.0
50
60
206.9
210.5 244.0 277.4
60
60
245.9 279.5
70
60
281.3
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
114.3
30
65
141.4 168.6
153.1 189.8 226.3
40
65
197.6 224.8
191.9 228.7 265.3 301.8
50
65
230.6 267.5 304.2
60
65
306.2
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
124.4
30
70
183.3
166.5 206.5 246.4
40
70
214.8 244.4
248.7 288.7 328.5
50
70
290.9 330.9
60
70
333.0
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
134.4
30
75
198.1
223.3 266.5
40
75
264.1
268.8 312.1 355.3
50
75
314.3 357.7
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
179
__
20 x 80
144.4
30
80
212.8
240.0 286.6
40
80
283.8
288.9 335.6 382.1
50
80
384.5
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
16
20
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
175
262
350
437
525
612
699
273
410
546
683
820
956
%1093
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
21.2 29.3
29.1 65.6
30
20
22.8 31.8 40.0 47.9
32.1 43.7 91.1 105.6
40
20
33.5 42.3 50.7 58.6 66.4 119.1
34.1 46.9 58.3 116.5 131.2 145.6
50
20
34.8 44.2 52.9 61.3 69.3 77.2
49.3 61.6 72.8 141.9 156.7 171.2
60
20
35.8 45.6 54.8 63.5 71.9 80.0
51.1 64.3 76.3 87.4 167.3 182.1
70
20
46.7 56.3 65.4 74.1 82.5
52.6 66.4 79.1 90.9 101.9 192.7
80
20
47.7 57.6 67.0 76.0 84.7
68.2 81.5 93.9 105.5 116.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
29.9 42.4
42.8 97.1
30
25
31.5 44.9 57.5 69.7
45.8 64.2 81.3 155.7
40
25
46.6 59.8 72.5 84.9 97.0 109.0
47.8 67.4 85.6 102.8 194.3 214.2
50
25
47.9 61.6 74.8 87.5 99.9 112.2
69.8 88.9 107.0 124.3 232.7 252.8
60
25
48.9 63.1 76.6 89.7 102.5 115.0
71.6 91.6 110.4 128.4 145.7 162.6
70
25
64.2 78.2 91.6 104.7 117.5
73.1 93.7 113.2 131.8 149.8 167.1
80
25
65.2 79.4 93.2 106.6 119.7
95.5 115.6 134.8 153.3 171.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
38.7 55.5
56.4 79.7
30
30
40.3 58.0 75.0 91.6
59.5 84.7 108.6 129.5
40
30
59.7 77.3 94.4 111.1 127.6 143.9
61.4 87.9 112.9 136.9 159.3 291.3
50
30
61.0 79.1 96.6 113.7 130.5 147.1
90.3 116.2 141.1 165.2 188.6 209.3
60
30
62.0 80.5 98.5 116.0 133.1 150.0
92.1 118.9 144.5 169.3 193.5 217.2
70
30
81.7 100.0 117.9 135.3 152.4
93.6 121.1 147.4 172.8 197.6 221.8
80
30
82.6 101.3 119.5 137.2 154.6
122.8 149.8 175.8 201.1 225.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
47.4 68.7
70.1 100.1
30
35
49.0 71.1 92.5 113.4
73.1 105.2 135.9 163.7
40
35
72.8 94.8 116.2 137.3 158.2 178.9
75.1 108.4 140.2 171.1 200.3 226.8
50
35
74.1 96.6 118.5 140.0 161.1 182.1
110.8 143.6 175.3 206.2 236.4 263.9
60
35
75.1 98.0 120.4 142.2 163.7 184.9
112.6 146.2 178.7 210.3 241.3 271.9
70
35
99.2 121.9 144.1 165.9 187.4
114.0 148.4 181.5 213.8 245.4 276.4
80
35
100.1 123.2 145.7 167.8 189.6
150.1 183.9 216.8 248.9 280.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
56.1 81.8
83.8 120.6
30
40
57.8 84.2 109.9 135.3
86.8 125.6 163.2 197.8
40
40
86.0 112.3 138.1 163.5 188.8 213.9
88.7 128.9 167.5 205.2 241.3 274.7
50
40
87.2 114.1 140.4 166.2 191.7 217.1
131.3 170.9 209.4 247.2 284.2 318.6
60
40
115.5 142.2 168.4 194.3 219.9
133.1 173.5 212.8 251.3 289.1 326.5
70
40
116.7 143.7 170.3 196.5 222.4
134.5 175.7 215.7 254.8 293.2 331.0
80
40
145.0 171.9 198.4 224.6
177.5 218.1 257.8 296.7 335.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
64.9 94.9
97.4 141.1
30
45
66.5 97.3 127.4 157.1
100.4 146.1 190.6 232.0
40
45
99.1 129.8 159.9 189.8 219.4 248.8
102.4 149.4 194.8 239.4 282.2 322.5
50
45
131.6 162.2 192.4 222.3 252.0
151.8 198.2 243.6 288.2 332.0 373.2
60
45
133.0 164.1 194.6 224.9 254.9
153.6 200.9 247.0 292.3 336.9 381.1
70
45
165.6 196.5 227.1 257.4
155.0 203.0 249.8 295.8 341.0 385.7
80
45
198.1 229.0 259.5
204.8 252.2 298.7 344.5 389.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
73.6 108.0
111.1 161.6
b
cm
h
cm
180
30
50
110.4 144.9 179.0
114.1 166.6 217.9 266.1
40
50
112.2 147.3 181.8 216.0 250.0 283.8
116.1 169.9 222.2 273.5 323.2 370.3
50
50
149.1 184.1 218.6 252.9 287.0
172.3 225.5 277.7 329.1 379.8 427.8
60
50
185.9 220.9 255.5 289.8
174.1 228.2 281.1 333.2 384.7 435.8
70
50
187.4 222.8 257.7 292.3
230.3 284.0 336.7 388.8 440.3
80
50
224.4 259.6 294.5
232.1 286.4 339.7 392.3 444.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
82.4 121.1
124.7 182.1
30
55
123.6 162.4 200.8
127.8 187.1 245.2 300.2
40
55
164.7 203.6 242.2 280.6 318.8
129.7 190.3 249.5 307.7 364.2 418.1
50
55
166.5 205.9 244.9 283.5 322.0
192.7 252.8 311.9 370.1 427.6 482.5
60
55
207.8 247.1 286.1 324.8
194.6 255.5 315.3 374.2 432.5 490.4
70
55
249.0 288.3 327.3
257.7 318.1 377.7 436.6 494.9
80
55
290.2 329.5
259.4 320.5 380.7 440.1 499.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
91.1 134.2
138.4 202.6
30
60
136.7 179.9 222.7
141.4 207.6 272.5 334.4
40
60
182.2 225.5 268.4 311.2 353.7
210.8 276.8 341.8 405.2 465.9
50
60
227.8 271.1 314.1 356.9
213.2 280.2 346.0 411.1 475.4 537.1
60
60
273.3 316.7 359.8
282.8 349.4 415.2 480.3 545.0
70
60
275.2 318.9 362.3
285.0 352.3 418.7 484.4 549.6
80
60
320.8 364.4
354.7 421.7 487.9 553.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
99.9 147.3
152.1 223.1
30
65
149.8 197.4 244.6
155.1 228.1 299.8 368.5
40
65
199.7 247.4 294.7 341.8 388.7
231.3 304.1 376.0 446.2 513.7
50
65
249.6 297.3 344.7 391.9
233.7 307.5 380.1 452.1 523.2 591.8
60
65
299.6 347.3 394.7
310.1 383.6 456.2 528.2 599.7
70
65
349.5 397.2
386.4 459.7 532.2 604.2
80
65
399.4
388.8 462.6 535.7 608.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70 108.6 160.4
165.7 243.6
30
70
162.9 214.8 266.4
168.7 248.6 327.2 402.7
40
70
217.2 269.2 320.9 372.3 423.7
251.8 331.4 410.1 487.1 561.5
50
70
271.5 323.5 375.3 426.9
334.8 414.3 493.1 571.1 646.4
60
70
325.8 377.9 429.7
337.5 417.7 497.2 576.0 654.3
70
70
380.1 432.2
420.6 500.6 580.0 658.9
80
70
434.4
423.0 503.6 583.5 662.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
173.6
179.4 264.1
30
75
232.3 288.3
269.1 354.5 436.8
40
75
291.1 347.1 402.9 458.6
272.3 358.8 444.3 528.1 609.3
50
75
349.8 405.9 461.8
362.1 448.4 534.0 618.9 701.0
60
75
408.5 464.7
451.9 538.1 623.8 709.0
70
75
467.2
454.7 541.6 627.8 713.5
80
75
544.6 631.3 717.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
186.7
193.0 284.5
30
80
249.8 310.1
289.6 381.8 471.0
40
80
312.9 373.3 433.5 493.6
292.8 386.1 478.4 569.1 657.1
50
80
376.0 436.5 496.8
389.4 482.6 575.0 666.7 755.7
60
80
439.1 499.6
486.0 579.1 671.6 763.6
70
80
502.1
488.9 582.6 675.6 768.1
80
80
585.6 679.2 772.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
Ejemplo:
b
h
fyk
ndr
nd.c
rec
css
m
N/mm2 mm
mm
mm
cm
b
h
Horm. Acero
=
=
=
=
=
=
altura
Limite elastico del acero
numero de barras de traccion
numero de barras de compresion
recubrimiento
coeficiente de seguridad del acero
181
__cm__
30 30
___N/mm2__
25
500
6
3
12
2
12 3.5 1.5 1.15 1.5
_________________________________________________________________
fck/csc
N/mm2
16.6666667 434.782609 400
_________________________________________________________________
dis=(rec+est/10+dia/(2*10))/100
(dis)=
4.70 cm
Canto util
(d=h-dis)= 25.30 cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)=1075.25 kN
Valor auxiliar
(Uv=2*Uo*dis/d )= 399.50 kN
U=Us1-Us2
U<Uv
(Mu)= 34.80 mkN

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
b
h = altura
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
8
10
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
35
52
70
87
105
122
140
55
82
109
137
164
191
219
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
8.3 10.6
8.5 11.9 15.2
30
20
11.4 13.7 15.9 18.0
12.7 16.2 19.5 22.7
40
20
16.7 19.0 21.1
16.9 20.4 23.8 27.1 30.3
50
20
19.7 22.0
21.1 24.7 28.1 31.4
60
20
22.7
25.4 28.9 32.4
70
20
25.9 29.6 33.2
80
20
30.2 33.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
14.1
16.0 20.6
30
25
18.0 21.1 24.1
21.7 26.4 30.9
40
25
25.1 28.1
27.3 32.0 36.7 41.2
50
25
32.9 37.7 42.4
60
25
38.5 43.3
70
25
44.1
80
25
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
17.6
20.1 26.1
30
30
26.4 30.2
27.1 33.2 39.1
40
30
35.1
40.2 46.2 52.2
50
30
47.2 53.3
60
30
54.2
70
30
80
30
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
b
cm
h
cm
182
__
20 x 35
24.2 31.5
30
35
36.4
40.0 47.3
40
35
48.4 55.8 63.1
50
35
64.2
60
35
70
35
80
35
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
37.0
30
40
55.5
40
40
65.4 74.0
50
40
60
40
70
40
80
40
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
42.5
30
45
63.7
40
45
84.9
50
45
60
45
70
45
80
45
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
30
50
40
50
50
50
60
50
70
50
80
50
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
30
55
40
55
50
55
60
55
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
30
60
40
60
50
60
60
60
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
30
65
40
65
50
65
60
65
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
40
70
50
70
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
183
20 x 75
30
75
40
75
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
40
80
50
80
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
12
14
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
79
118
157
197
236
275
315
107
161
214
268
321
375
428
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
11.4 16.0
14.7 20.6
30
20
12.0 17.1 21.8 26.3 30.6
15.6 22.0 28.0 33.7 39.2
40
20
17.8 22.8 27.5 32.1 36.5 40.8
23.0 29.4 35.4 41.2 46.8 52.3
50
20
18.3 23.5 28.5 33.3 37.9 42.3
23.6 30.3 36.7 42.8 48.6 54.3
60
20
24.1 29.2 34.2 39.0 43.6
24.1 31.1 37.7 44.0 50.1 56.0
70
20
29.8 34.9 39.9 44.7
31.7 38.5 45.1 51.4 57.5
80
20
30.3 35.6 40.6 45.6
32.2 39.2 45.9 52.4 58.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
15.3 21.9
20.0 28.6
30
25
23.0 29.7 36.1 42.4
20.9 30.1 38.7 47.1 55.3
40
25
23.7 30.7 37.4 43.9 50.3 56.5
31.0 40.1 48.8 57.3 65.5 73.7
50
25
31.4 38.3 45.1 51.6 58.1
31.7 41.1 50.1 58.8 67.4 75.7
60
25
39.1 46.0 52.7 59.3
41.8 51.1 60.1 68.9 77.5
70
25
46.7 53.7 60.4
42.4 51.9 61.1 70.1 78.9
80
25
47.4 54.4 61.3
52.6 62.0 71.2 80.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
19.3 27.8
25.4 36.7
30
30
28.9 37.5 46.0 54.2
26.3 38.1 49.4 60.5 71.3
40
30
38.5 47.2 55.7 64.0 72.3
39.0 50.8 62.2 73.3 84.3 95.1
50
30
48.2 56.9 65.4 73.8
51.8 63.5 74.9 86.1 97.2
60
30
57.8 66.5 75.1
52.5 64.5 76.2 87.6 98.9
70
30
67.4 76.1
65.3 77.2 88.9 100.3
80
30
77.1
78.1 89.9 101.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
33.7
30.7 44.7
30
35
45.4 55.8 66.0
46.1 60.1 73.9 87.4
40
35
57.0 67.5 77.8 88.0
61.5 75.6 89.4 103.0 116.5
50
35
68.7 79.2 89.5
62.5 76.9 91.0 104.9 118.6
60
35
80.3 90.8
77.9 92.2 106.4 120.3
70
35
91.9
93.3 107.6 121.7
80
35
108.6 123.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
39.6
36.1 52.7
30
40
53.3 65.6 77.8
54.1 70.9 87.3 103.5
40
40
66.9 79.3 91.6 103.8
72.2 89.0 105.5 121.8 138.0
50
40
80.5 92.9 105.3
90.2 107.0 123.6 140.0
60
40
106.6
108.3 125.1 141.7
70
40
126.3 143.2
80
40
127.4 144.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
45.5
41.5 60.8
30
45
61.1 75.5 89.6
62.2 81.6 100.6 119.5
b
cm
h
cm
184
40
45
91.1 105.3 119.5
82.9 102.3 121.5 140.5 159.4
50
45
106.7 121.0
103.6 123.1 142.3 161.4
60
45
122.3
124.4 143.8 163.1
70
45
145.1 164.6
80
45
165.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
51.5
68.8
30
50
85.3 101.4
92.3 114.0 135.6
40
50
102.9 119.1 135.2
115.7 137.6 159.3 180.8
50
50
136.8
139.2 161.1 182.8
60
50
162.6 184.5
70
50
186.0
80
50
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
76.8
30
55
95.1 113.2
103.0 127.4 151.7
40
55
132.9 151.0
129.1 153.6 178.0 202.2
50
55
155.2 179.8 204.3
60
55
206.0
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
84.9
30
60
125.0
113.7 140.8 167.7
40
60
166.7
169.7 196.7 223.6
50
60
198.6 225.7
60
60
227.4
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
92.9
30
65
136.8
154.2 183.8
40
65
182.4
185.8 215.5 245.0
50
65
217.3 247.1
60
65
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
167.6 199.8
40
70
234.2 266.5
50
70
268.5
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
30
75
181.0 215.9
40
75
253.0 287.9
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
232.0
40
80
271.7 309.3
50
80
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
16
20
185
b
cm

h
cm
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
140
210
280
350
420
490
559
219
328
437
546
656
765
874
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
18.2 25.4
25.7 35.2
30
20
19.4 27.3 34.7 41.6
27.9 38.6 48.3 96.9
40
20
28.6 36.5 43.8 50.9 57.7 64.3
29.2 40.9 51.5 61.2 70.4 133.2
50
20
29.5 37.8 45.6 53.0 60.1 67.0
42.6 53.9 64.3 74.2 83.5 92.5
60
20
30.2 38.8 47.0 54.7 62.1 69.3
43.8 55.7 66.8 77.2 87.1 96.5
70
20
39.6 48.1 56.1 63.8 71.3
44.7 57.2 68.8 79.7 90.1 100.0
80
20
40.3 49.0 57.3 65.2 72.9
58.4 70.4 81.8 92.6 102.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
25.2 35.9
36.7 51.6
30
25
26.4 37.8 48.6 59.0
38.8 55.0 70.1 84.6
40
25
39.1 50.4 61.3 71.8 82.1 92.3
40.1 57.3 73.3 88.5 103.2 117.5
50
25
40.0 51.8 63.1 74.0 84.6 95.0
59.0 75.7 91.7 106.9 121.7 136.2
60
25
40.7 52.8 64.4 75.7 86.6 97.3
60.2 77.6 94.1 110.0 125.3 140.2
70
25
53.6 65.5 77.1 88.3 99.2
61.1 79.1 96.1 112.5 128.3 143.7
80
25
54.3 66.5 78.2 89.7 100.9
80.2 97.8 114.6 130.9 146.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
32.2 46.4
47.6 68.0
30
30
33.4 48.3 62.6 76.5
49.7 71.4 92.0 111.9
40
30
49.6 64.4 78.8 92.8 106.6 120.2
51.0 73.7 95.2 115.9 136.0 155.7
50
30
50.5 65.8 80.5 94.9 109.1 123.0
75.3 97.6 119.0 139.7 160.0 179.9
60
30
51.2 66.8 81.9 96.7 111.1 125.3
76.6 99.4 121.4 142.8 163.6 183.9
70
30
67.6 83.0 98.1 112.8 127.2
77.5 100.9 123.4 145.3 166.6 187.4
80
30
68.3 83.9 99.2 114.2 128.9
102.1 125.1 147.4 169.1 190.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
39.2 56.9
58.5 84.4
30
35
40.4 58.8 76.6 94.0
60.6 87.8 113.8 139.2
40
35
60.1 78.4 96.3 113.8 131.1 148.2
62.0 90.1 117.0 143.2 168.8 194.0
50
35
61.0 79.8 98.0 115.9 133.5 150.9
91.7 119.4 146.3 172.5 198.2 223.6
60
35
80.8 99.4 117.6 135.6 153.2
93.0 121.3 148.8 175.6 201.8 227.6
70
35
100.5 119.0 137.2 155.2
93.9 122.8 150.8 178.1 204.8 231.1
80
35
101.4 120.2 138.7 156.8
123.9 152.4 180.2 207.4 234.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
46.2 67.4
69.4 100.8
30
40
47.4 69.3 90.6 111.5
71.6 104.2 135.7 166.5
40
40
70.6 92.4 113.8 134.8 155.6 176.2
72.9 106.5 138.9 170.5 201.5 232.2
50
40
93.8 115.5 136.9 158.0 178.9
108.1 141.3 173.6 205.3 236.5 267.3
60
40
94.8 116.9 138.6 160.0 181.2
109.4 143.2 176.1 208.3 240.0 271.3
70
40
118.0 140.0 161.7 183.2
110.3 144.6 178.1 210.8 243.1 274.8
80
40
141.2 163.1 184.8
145.8 179.7 212.9 245.6 277.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
53.2 77.9
80.4 117.2
30
45
79.8 104.6 129.0
82.5 120.6 157.5 193.8
40
45
81.1 106.4 131.2 155.8 180.0 204.2
83.8 122.9 160.7 197.8 234.3 270.5
50
45
107.7 133.0 157.9 182.5 206.9
124.5 163.2 200.9 238.1 274.7 311.0
60
45
134.4 159.6 184.5 209.2
125.7 165.0 203.4 241.1 278.3 315.1
70
45
161.0 186.2 211.1
166.5 205.4 243.6 281.3 318.5
80
45
162.2 187.6 212.8
167.7 207.0 245.7 283.8 321.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
60.2 88.4
91.3 133.6
30
50
90.3 118.6 146.5
93.4 136.9 179.4 221.2
40
50
120.4 148.7 176.7 204.5 232.1
139.3 182.6 225.1 267.1 308.7
50
50
150.5 178.9 207.0 234.8
140.9 185.0 228.2 270.8 313.0 354.7
60
50
151.9 180.6 209.0 237.1
186.9 230.7 273.9 316.5 358.8
70
50
182.0 210.7 239.1
188.3 232.7 276.4 319.5 362.2
80
50
212.1 240.8
234.4 278.5 322.1 365.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
67.2 98.9
102.2 149.9
30
55
100.8 132.6 163.9
104.4 153.3 201.2 248.5
40
55
134.4 166.2 197.7 229.0 260.1
155.6 204.5 252.4 299.9 346.9
50
55
168.0 199.8 231.4 262.8
157.3 206.9 255.6 303.6 351.2 398.4
60
55
201.6 233.5 265.1
208.7 258.0 306.7 354.8 402.5
186
70
55
235.1 267.1
260.0 309.2 357.8 405.9
80
55
268.7
261.7 311.3 360.3 408.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
74.2 109.4
113.2 166.3
30
60
111.3 146.5 181.4
115.3 169.7 223.1 275.8
40
60
148.4 183.7 218.7 253.5 288.1
172.0 226.3 279.8 332.7 385.2
50
60
185.4 220.8 255.9 290.8
228.7 282.9 336.4 389.5 442.1
60
60
222.5 257.9 293.1
230.6 285.4 339.5 393.0 446.2
70
60
259.6 295.0
287.4 342.0 396.0 449.6
80
60
296.7
344.1 398.6 452.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
119.8
124.1 182.7
30
65
160.5 198.9
186.1 244.9 303.1
40
65
201.2 239.7 278.0 316.1
188.4 248.2 307.1 365.5 423.4
50
65
241.8 280.4 318.8
250.6 310.2 369.2 427.7 485.9
60
65
282.4 321.1
312.7 372.2 431.3 489.9
70
65
323.0
314.7 374.8 434.3 493.3
80
65
376.9 436.8 496.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
130.3
135.0 199.1
30
70
174.5 216.4
202.5 266.8 330.4
40
70
218.7 260.7 302.4 344.0
204.8 270.0 334.4 398.2 461.7
50
70
262.8 304.9 346.7
272.4 337.5 402.0 465.9 529.6
60
70
306.9 349.0
340.0 405.0 469.5 533.6
70
70
407.5 472.5 537.1
80
70
409.6 475.1 540.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
140.8
145.9 215.5
30
75
188.5 233.9
218.9 288.7 357.7
40
75
236.1 281.6 326.9 372.0
291.9 361.7 431.0 499.9
50
75
329.3 374.7
294.3 364.8 434.8 504.2 573.3
60
75
377.0
367.3 437.8 507.8 577.3
70
75
440.3 510.8 580.8
80
75
513.3 583.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
151.3
156.9 231.9
30
80
202.5 251.4
235.3 310.5 385.1
40
80
302.6 351.4 400.0
313.7 389.0 463.8 538.2
50
80
353.8 402.7
392.2 467.5 542.4 617.0
60
80
405.0
470.6 546.0 621.0
70
80
473.1 549.0 624.5
80
80
551.6 627.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
Ejemplo:
b
h = altura
rec = recubrimiento
m
N/mm2 mm
mm
mm
cm
b
h
Horm. Acero
__cm__
___N/mm2__
30 30
30
400
6
3
12
2
12 3.5 1.5 1.15 1.5
_________________________________________________________________
fck/csc
N/mm2
20 347.826087 347.826087
_________________________________________________________________
187

dis=(rec+est/10+dia/(2*10))/100
(dis)=
4.70 cm
Canto util
(d=h-dis)= 25.30 cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)=1290.30 kN
Valor auxiliar
(Uv=2*Uo*dis/d )= 479.40 kN
U=Us1-Us2
U<Uv
(Mu)= 28.85 mkN

___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
b
h = altura
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
____
8
10
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
35
52
70
87
105
122
140
55
82
109
137
164
191
219
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
8.1 10.2
8.2 11.6 14.7
30
20
11.0 13.2 15.4 17.4
12.3 15.7 18.9 22.1
40
20
16.2 18.3 20.5
16.5 19.9 23.1 26.3 29.4
50
20
19.1 21.3
20.6 24.0 27.3 30.5
60
20
22.0
24.7 28.1 31.4
70
20
25.3 28.8 32.2
80
20
29.4 32.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
13.7
15.7 20.2
30
25
17.6 20.6 23.5
21.2 25.8 30.3
40
25
24.5 27.5
26.7 31.3 35.9 40.3
50
25
32.2 36.9 41.4
60
25
37.7 42.4
70
25
43.2
80
25
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
17.2
19.8 25.6
30
30
25.8 29.7
26.7 32.6 38.4
40
30
34.5
39.5 45.4 51.3
50
30
46.4 52.4
60
30
53.3
70
30
80
30
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
23.9 31.1
30
35
35.8
39.4 46.6
40
35
47.7 55.0 62.2
50
35
63.3
60
35
70
35
80
35
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
36.6
30
40
54.8
40
40
64.6 73.1
50
40
b
cm
h
cm
188
60
40
70
40
80
40
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
42.0
30
45
63.0
40
45
84.0
50
45
60
45
70
45
80
45
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
30
50
40
50
50
50
60
50
70
50
80
50
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
30
55
40
55
50
55
60
55
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
30
60
40
60
50
60
60
60
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
30
65
40
65
50
65
60
65
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
40
70
50
70
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
30
75
40
75
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
40
80
50
80
60
80
189
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
12
14
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
79
118
157
197
236
275
315
107
161
214
268
321
375
428
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
11.1 15.6
14.3 20.0
30
20
11.8 16.6 21.2 25.5 29.7
15.2 21.4 27.2 32.7 38.0
40
20
17.4 22.2 26.7 31.1 35.4 39.6
22.4 28.5 34.3 39.9 45.4 50.7
50
20
17.9 22.9 27.7 32.3 36.8 41.1
23.1 29.5 35.6 41.5 47.1 52.6
60
20
23.5 28.5 33.3 37.9 42.3
23.6 30.3 36.7 42.8 48.6 54.3
70
20
29.1 34.0 38.8 43.4
31.0 37.6 43.8 49.9 55.8
80
20
29.6 34.7 39.6 44.3
31.5 38.3 44.8 51.0 57.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 25
15.0 21.5
19.6 28.0
30
25
22.5 29.0 35.3 41.5
20.5 29.4 37.9 46.1 54.1
40
25
23.3 30.0 36.6 42.9 49.2 55.4
30.4 39.2 47.7 56.0 64.1 72.1
50
25
30.8 37.5 44.1 50.5 56.8
31.1 40.3 49.0 57.6 65.9 74.1
60
25
38.3 45.1 51.6 58.1
41.1 50.1 58.8 67.4 75.7
70
25
45.8 52.6 59.2
41.7 50.9 59.9 68.6 77.2
80
25
46.5 53.4 60.1
51.7 60.8 69.7 78.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
19.0 27.4
25.0 36.0
30
30
28.4 36.9 45.2 53.3
25.9 37.5 48.6 59.4 70.2
40
30
37.9 46.4 54.7 63.0 71.1
38.4 49.9 61.1 72.1 82.9 93.5
50
30
47.4 55.9 64.3 72.6
51.0 62.4 73.6 84.6 95.5
60
30
56.9 65.4 73.8
51.8 63.5 74.9 86.1 97.2
70
30
66.3 74.9
64.3 76.0 87.4 98.6
80
30
75.8
76.9 88.5 99.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
33.3
30.3 44.1
30
35
44.8 55.0 65.1
45.5 59.3 72.8 86.2
40
35
56.2 66.5 76.7 86.8
60.6 74.5 88.1 101.6 115.0
50
35
67.7 78.1 88.3
61.7 75.8 89.7 103.4 116.9
60
35
79.2 89.5
76.9 91.0 104.9 118.6
70
35
90.6
92.0 106.1 120.0
80
35
107.2 121.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
39.2
35.7 52.1
30
40
52.6 64.8 76.9
53.5 70.0 86.2 102.3
40
40
66.1 78.4 90.5 102.6
71.4 87.9 104.2 120.3 136.4
50
40
79.5 91.8 104.0
89.2 105.7 122.1 138.3
60
40
105.3
107.0 123.6 140.0
70
40
124.9 141.4
80
40
126.0 142.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
45.1
41.0 60.1
30
45
60.5 74.7 88.7
61.5 80.7 99.6 118.3
40
45
90.2 104.3 118.3
82.1 101.3 120.2 139.1 157.8
50
45
105.6 119.8
102.6 121.8 140.8 159.7
60
45
121.0
123.1 142.3 161.4
70
45
143.6 162.9
80
45
164.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
51.0
68.2
30
50
84.5 100.5
91.4 113.0 134.4
40
50
102.0 118.0 134.0
114.6 136.3 157.8 179.2
50
50
135.5
137.9 159.6 181.2
60
50
161.1 182.8
70
50
184.3
80
50
b
cm
h
cm
190
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
76.2
30
55
94.3 112.3
102.1 126.4 150.5
40
55
131.8 149.8
128.0 152.4 176.6 200.6
50
55
153.9 178.3 202.6
60
55
204.3
70
55
80
55
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
84.2
30
60
124.1
112.8 139.8 166.5
40
60
165.5
168.4 195.3 222.0
50
60
197.1 224.0
60
60
225.7
70
60
80
60
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
92.2
30
65
135.9
153.2 182.6
40
65
181.2
184.5 214.0 243.5
50
65
215.8 245.4
60
65
70
65
80
65
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
30
70
166.5 198.7
40
70
232.8 264.9
50
70
266.8
60
70
70
70
80
70
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
30
75
179.9 214.7
40
75
251.5 286.3
50
75
60
75
70
75
80
75
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
30
80
230.8
40
80
270.3 307.7
50
80
60
80
70
80
80
80
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
16
20
5
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Us1 (kN)
Us1 (kN)
140
210
280
350
420
490
559
219
328
437
546
656
765
874
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
20 x 20
17.7 24.6
24.7 56.5
30
20
18.9 26.5 33.5 40.2
26.9 37.1 46.2 90.6
40
20
27.8 35.3 42.4 49.2 55.8 62.2
28.4 39.5 49.4 58.7 113.0 124.8
50
20
28.8 36.7 44.1 51.2 58.1 64.8
41.2 51.9 61.8 71.1 135.2 147.1
60
20
29.5 37.8 45.6 53.0 60.1 67.0
42.6 53.9 64.3 74.2 83.5 92.5
70
20
38.7 46.7 54.4 61.8 68.9
43.6 55.5 66.4 76.7 86.5 95.9
80
20
39.4 47.7 55.7 63.3 70.6
56.7 68.2 78.9 89.1 98.9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
b
cm
h
cm
191
20 x 25
24.7 35.1
35.6 50.1
30
25
25.9 37.0 47.5 57.7
37.9 53.5 68.1 82.2
40
25
38.3 49.3 59.9 70.1 80.2 90.2
39.3 55.9 71.3 86.0 100.2 114.2
50
25
39.3 50.7 61.6 72.2 82.6 92.7
57.6 73.8 89.1 103.9 118.2 132.3
60
25
40.0 51.8 63.1 74.0 84.6 95.0
59.0 75.7 91.7 106.9 121.7 136.2
70
25
52.7 64.2 75.4 86.3 96.9
60.0 77.3 93.8 109.5 124.8 139.6
80
25
53.4 65.2 76.6 87.8 98.6
78.6 95.5 111.7 127.4 142.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 30
31.6 45.6
46.6 66.5
30
30
32.9 47.5 61.5 75.1
48.8 69.9 89.9 109.5
40
30
48.8 63.3 77.4 91.1 104.7 118.2
50.2 72.2 93.1 113.3 133.0 152.4
50
30
49.8 64.7 79.1 93.2 107.1 120.7
74.0 95.6 116.4 136.7 156.5 176.0
60
30
50.5 65.8 80.5 94.9 109.1 123.0
75.3 97.6 119.0 139.7 160.0 179.9
70
30
66.7 81.7 96.4 110.8 124.9
76.4 99.2 121.1 142.3 163.0 183.3
80
30
67.4 82.7 97.6 112.2 126.6
100.5 122.8 144.5 165.6 186.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 35
38.6 56.1
57.5 82.9
30
35
39.9 58.0 75.5 92.6
59.7 86.2 111.8 136.8
40
35
59.3 77.3 94.8 112.1 129.2 146.1
61.2 88.6 115.0 140.6 165.8 190.7
50
35
60.3 78.7 96.6 114.2 131.5 148.7
90.4 117.5 143.7 169.4 194.7 219.7
60
35
79.8 98.0 115.9 133.5 150.9
91.7 119.4 146.3 172.5 198.2 223.6
70
35
99.2 117.4 135.2 152.9
92.8 121.0 148.4 175.1 201.2 227.0
80
35
100.2 118.6 136.7 154.6
122.3 150.1 177.3 203.9 230.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 40
45.6 66.5
68.4 99.3
30
40
46.9 68.5 89.5 110.1
70.6 102.6 133.7 164.1
40
40
69.8 91.3 112.3 133.1 153.7 174.1
72.1 105.0 136.9 168.0 198.6 228.9
50
40
92.7 114.1 135.2 156.0 176.7
106.8 139.3 171.1 202.2 233.0 263.4
60
40
93.8 115.5 136.9 158.0 178.9
108.1 141.3 173.6 205.3 236.5 267.3
70
40
116.7 138.4 159.7 180.8
109.2 142.9 175.7 207.9 239.5 270.7
80
40
139.6 161.2 182.5
144.2 177.5 210.1 242.1 273.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 45
52.6 77.0
79.4 115.7
30
45
78.9 103.4 127.6
81.6 119.0 155.5 191.5
40
45
80.3 105.3 129.8 154.1 178.1 202.1
83.0 121.4 158.7 195.3 231.4 267.2
50
45
106.6 131.6 156.1 180.5 204.6
123.2 161.2 198.4 235.0 271.2 307.2
60
45
133.0 157.9 182.5 206.9
124.5 163.2 200.9 238.1 274.7 311.0
70
45
159.3 184.2 208.8
164.7 203.0 240.6 277.7 314.4
80
45
160.6 185.7 210.5
166.0 204.8 242.8 280.4 317.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 50
59.6 87.5
90.3 132.1
30
50
89.4 117.4 145.1
92.5 135.4 177.4 218.8
40
50
119.2 147.3 175.0 202.6 230.1
137.8 180.6 222.6 264.2 305.4
50
50
149.1 177.1 205.0 232.6
139.6 183.0 225.7 267.8 309.5 350.9
60
50
150.5 178.9 207.0 234.8
185.0 228.2 270.8 313.0 354.7
70
50
180.3 208.7 236.8
186.6 230.3 273.4 316.0 358.1
80
50
210.1 238.5
232.1 275.6 318.6 361.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 55
66.6 98.0
101.2 148.5
30
55
99.9 131.4 162.6
103.4 151.8 199.2 246.1
40
55
133.2 164.8 196.0 227.1 258.0
154.2 202.4 249.9 296.9 343.7
50
55
166.5 198.1 229.4 260.6
156.0 204.9 253.0 300.6 347.7 394.6
60
55
199.8 231.4 262.8
206.9 255.6 303.6 351.2 398.4
70
55
233.1 264.8
257.7 306.2 354.2 401.8
80
55
266.5
259.4 308.4 356.8 404.8
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 60
73.6 108.5
112.1 164.9
30
60
110.4 145.4 180.0
114.4 168.2 221.1 273.4
40
60
147.2 182.3 217.0 251.6 286.0
170.6 224.3 277.2 329.7 381.9
50
60
184.0 219.1 253.9 288.6
226.8 280.3 333.3 386.0 438.3
60
60
220.8 255.9 290.8
228.7 282.9 336.4 389.5 442.1
70
60
257.6 292.7
285.0 339.0 392.5 445.6
80
60
294.4
341.2 395.1 448.5
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 65
119.0
123.1 181.2
192
30
65
159.4 197.5
184.6 242.9 300.7
40
65
199.7 238.0 276.0 314.0
187.0 246.1 304.5 362.5 420.2
50
65
240.1 278.4 316.5
248.6 307.7 366.1 424.2 482.0
60
65
280.4 318.8
310.2 369.2 427.7 485.9
70
65
320.7
312.3 371.8 430.7 489.3
80
65
374.0 433.3 492.3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 70
129.5
134.0 197.6
30
70
173.4 215.0
201.0 264.8 328.0
40
70
217.2 259.0 300.5 342.0
203.4 268.0 331.9 395.3 458.4
50
70
261.1 302.9 344.5
270.5 335.0 398.9 462.4 525.7
60
70
304.9 346.7
337.5 402.0 465.9 529.6
70
70
404.6 469.0 533.0
80
70
406.8 471.6 536.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 75
140.0
144.9 214.0
30
75
187.4 232.5
217.4 286.6 355.4
40
75
234.7 279.9 325.0 369.9
289.8 359.2 428.1 496.7
50
75
327.3 372.5
292.3 362.3 431.7 500.7 569.4
60
75
374.7
364.8 434.8 504.2 573.3
70
75
437.3 507.2 576.7
80
75
509.8 579.7
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
20 x 80
150.5
155.8 230.4
30
80
201.3 250.0
233.8 308.5 382.7
40
80
300.9 349.5 397.9
311.7 386.5 460.8 534.9
50
80
351.8 400.5
389.6 464.5 538.9 613.1
60
80
402.7
467.5 542.4 617.0
70
80
470.1 545.5 620.4
80
80
548.1 623.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__
Ejemplo:
b
h = altura
rec = recubrimiento
m
N/mm2 mm
mm
mm
cm
b
h
Horm. Acero
__cm__
___N/mm2__
30 30
25
400
6
3
12
2
12 3.5 1.5 1.15 1.5
_________________________________________________________________
fck/csc
N/mm2
16.6666667 347.826087 347.826087
_________________________________________________________________
dis=(rec+est/10+dia/(2*10))/100
(dis)=
4.70 cm
Canto util
(d=h-dis)= 25.30 cm
Valor auxiliar
(Uo=0.85*fcd*b*d)=1075.25 kN
Valor auxiliar
(Uv=2*Uo*dis/d )= 399.50 kN
U=Us1-Us2
U<Uv
(Mu)= 28.41 mkN
193
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU6
Calculo las armaduras y dimensiones del capitel de una losa
sometida a punzonamiento:
Fs
= esfuerzo axil de punzonamiento
bp,hp = dimensiones del pilar, bp =lado exterior en pilares de
borde
fck
fyk
rec
dia
= diametro de las armaduras principales
s
= separacion entre redondos de la armadura de flexion
e
= espesor de la losa
csc,css,csf = coefientes de seguridad hormigon,acero y fuerzas
be
= coeficiente de excentricidad de la carga:
sin momentos entre losa y soporte: be=1
con momentos: soporte interior
: be=1.15
soporte de borde
: be=1.40
soporte de esquina : be=1.50
__________________________________________________________________
_
e bp hp (rec) dia
s Horm. Acero Carga csc
css
csf be
______cm______
mm
cm ___N/mm2___
kN
32 25 25 3.50
12
20
25
400
731 1.50 1.15 1.60 1.15
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
16.67
347.83
347.83
__________________________________________________________________
_
PRIMERA COMPROBACION
Posicion de la armadura 1
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
27.90 cm
Armadura existente en la losa para flexion en la direccion 1
es la distancia de su cdg a la cara superior de la losa.
d2=d1-dia =
26.70 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
27.30 cm
Esfuerzo de punzonamiento de calculo
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
1169.60 kN
Valor efectivo del Esfuerzo de punz.de calc. Fsd.ef= 1345.04 kN

Es el valor del esfuerzo de punzonamiento, afectado por los dos
194
coeficientes de mayoracion csf y be, que se utilizara para el

calculo
Distancia del pilar al perimetro critico d.u1=2*d =
0.55 m
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
4.43 m
Tension tangencial nominal de calculo ta.sd=Fsd.ef/(u1*d*1000)
en el perimetro critico
ta.sd =
1.11 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
Area de acero en la direccion x
As.x =
5.65 cm2
Area de hormigon en la direccion x
Ac.x=100*d =
27.30 cm2
Cuantia geometrica en la direccion x px=As.x/Ac.x =
0.21 cm2
Cuantia geometrica en la direccion y
py=px =
0.21 cm2
Valor auxiliar
p.i=sqr(px*py)/100 =
0.21
TENSION TANGENCIAL MAX. RESISTENTE DE LA LOSA en el peri. critico
ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.42 N/mm2
Como la TENSION TANGENCIAL max. RESISTENTE ta.rd( 0.42) es < que
la
tension tangencial de calculo en el perimetro critico ta.sd( 1.11)
---------------SE PRECISA armadura de punzonamiento--------------------------------------------------------------------------------SEGUNDA COMPROBACION
Comprobamos si se excede la resistencia max. de punzonamiento:
El perimetro de comprobacion de un soporte interior es el
perimetro de su seccion transversal:
Seccion transversal del soporte
uo=2*(bp+hp) =
1
m
Resistencia del hormigon
f1cd=0.3*fcd =
5.00 N/mm2
TENSION DE PUNZONAMIENTO MAXIMA (en el perimetro del soporte)
v.c=Fsd.ef/(uo*d) =
4.93 N/mm2
La tension de punzonamiento max. admisible v.c( 4.93) es < que la
resistencia de la losa f1cd( 5.00), asi que puede armarse a
punzonamiento.
En caso contario tendriamos que aumentar el canto de la losa.
------------------------------------------------------------------CALCULO
Vcu=0.10*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3)*u1*d*1000
Contribucion del horm. a esf. cort.
Vsu=Fsd.ef-Vcu
Contribucion del acero a esf. cort.
fy90.d=fycd
A90=Vsu/(0.09*d*fy90.d)
Vcu =
418.53 kN
Vsu =
926.51 kN
195
Area de cercos de punzonamiento/m

A90 =
108.41
cm2/m
0.20475
Se prolonga la armadura transversal hasta el perimetro,
concentrico donde la tension sea =
ta.rd =
0.42
N/mm2
Perimetro concentrico
u=Fsd.ef/(d*ta.rd*1000) =
11.87 m
Si w es la separacion del perimetro concentrico necesario:
u=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*w -> w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
Separacion del perimetro concentrico necesario
w =
1.73 m
Segun EHE art 44.2.3.4.1 las armaduras se prolongaran
d/2 mas alla de donde hagan falta w.f=w+d/2
SEPARACION PROLONGADA del per. concent. w.f= w+d/2 =
1.87 m
Separacion de perimetros concentricos s = 20
cm
Area de acero en cada perimetro
Asw = 21.68 cm2
area de cercos de dos ramas activas AdPu = 1.36 cm2 diam. = 14 mm
area de pernos (stud)
AdPu = 2.71 cm2 diam. = 20 mm
Numero de perimetros concentricos nu.per = 10
__________________________________________________________________
_
TERCERA COMPROBACION
En la zona exterior del punzonamiento hay que comprobar que
(EHE art.46.3.2) Fsd.ef<=(0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*un.ef*d
Separacion de comprobacion del perim. s.p=w.f+2*d =
2.41 m
Perimetro de compr. un.ef=2*(bp+hp)+4*s.p*sqr(2) =
14.64 m
n=(2*s.p+bp)/s+(2*s.p+hp)/s
Numero de barras que atraviesan el perimetro
= 50.74 r 12
p.i=(n*pi*(dia/2)^2)/(un.ef*d)
Cuantia geometrica
p.i =
1.44 o/oo
v.c=0.12*ep*((100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*1000*un.ef*d
v.c = 1468.88 kN
No necesita armadura en zona exterior pues
v.c( 1468.88)>Fsd.ef( 1345.04)
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU1
196
Fs
borde
fck
fyk
rec
dia
s
e
be
: be=1.15
soporte de borde
: be=1.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
e bp hp (rec) dia
css
csf be
______cm______
mm
cm ___N/mm2___
kN
27 30 45 3.50
20
16
30
400
420 1.50 1.15 1.60
1.15
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
347.83
347.83
__________________________________________________________________
_
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
22.50 cm
d2=d1-dia =
20.50 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
21.50 cm
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
672
kN
Valor efectivo del Esfuerzo de punz.de calc. Fsd.ef=

772.80 kN
calculo
0.43 m
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
4.20 m
ta.sd =
0.86 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
197
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
As.x =
19.63 cm2
Ac.x=100*d =
21.50 cm2
0.91 cm2
py=px =
0.91 cm2
Valor auxiliar
0.91
ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.72
N/mm2
la
-----------------SE PRECISA armadura de
punzonamiento--------------------------------------------------------------------------------SEGUNDA COMPROBACION
uo=2*(bp+hp) =
1.50 m
f1cd=0.3*fcd =
6
N/mm2
v.c=Fsd.ef/(uo*d) =
2.40
N/mm2
resistencia de la losa f1cd( 6), asi que puede armarse a punzonamiento.
------------------------------------------------------------------CALCULO
Vcu=0.10*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3)*u1*d*1000
Vcu =
544.68 kN
Vsu=Fsd.ef-Vcu
Vsu =
228.12 kN
fy90.d=fycd
A90=Vsu/(0.09*d*fy90.d)
A90 =
33.89
cm2/m
0.16125
198

ta.rd =
0.72
N/mm2
4.97 m
w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
w =
0.55 m
0.66 m
cm
Asw = 5.42 cm2
__________________________________________________________________
_
1.09 m
7.66 m
= 31.92 r 20
Cuantia geometrica
p.i =
6.09 o/oo
v.c=0.12*ep*((100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*1000*un.ef*d
v.c = 1041.26 kN
v.c( 1041.26)>Fsd.ef( 772.80)
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU2
Fs
bp,hp
borde
fck
fyk

= dimensiones del pilar, bp =lado exterior en pilares de
199
rec
dia
s
e
be
: be=1.15
soporte de borde
: be=1.40
__________________________________________________________________
_
e bp hp (rec) dia
css
csf be
______cm______
mm
cm ___N/mm2___
kN
30 45 55 3.50
20
15
30
400
635 1.50 1.15 1.60 1
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
347.83
347.83
__________________________________________________________________
_
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
25.50 cm
d2=d1-dia =
23.50 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
24.50 cm
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
1016
kN
Valor efectivo del Esfuerzo de punz.de calc. Fsd.ef= 1016

kN
calculo
0.49 m
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
5.08 m
ta.sd =
0.82 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
As.x =
20.94 cm2
Ac.x=100*d =
24.50 cm2
0.85 cm2
py=px =
0.85 cm2
Valor auxiliar
0.85
200

ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.71
N/mm2
la
-----------------SE PRECISA armadura de
punzonamiento--------------------------------------------------------------------------------SEGUNDA COMPROBACION
uo=2*(bp+hp) =
2
m
f1cd=0.3*fcd =
6
N/mm2
v.c=Fsd.ef/(uo*d) =
2.07
N/mm2
------------------------------------------------------------------CALCULO
Vcu=0.10*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3)*u1*d*1000
Vcu =
733.88 kN
Vsu=Fsd.ef-Vcu
Vsu =
282.12 kN
fy90.d=fycd
A90=Vsu/(0.09*d*fy90.d)
A90 =
36.78
cm2/m
0.18375
ta.rd =
0.71
N/mm2
5.86 m
w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
201

w =
0.61 m
0.74 m
cm
Asw = 6.62 cm2
1.23 m
8.94 m
= 32.82 r 20
Cuantia geometrica
p.i =
4.71 o/oo
v.c=0.12*ep*((100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*1000*un.ef*d
v.c = 1270.52 kN
v.c( 1270.52)>Fsd.ef( 1016
)
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU3
Fs
borde
fck
fyk
rec
dia
s
e
be
202

sin momentos entre losa y soporte:
:
soporte de borde
:
soporte de esquina :
e bp hp (rec)
______cm______
28 25 30 3.50
1.40
dia
mm
14
s
cm
15
Horm. Acero
___N/mm2___
30
500
be=1
be=1.15
be=1.40
be=1.50
Carga csc
kN
342 1.50
css
csf
1.15
1.60
be

N/mm2
20
434.78
400
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
23.80 cm
d2=d1-dia =
22.40 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
23.10 cm
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
547.20 kN

766.08 kN
calculo
0.46 m
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
2.00 m
ta.sd =
1.66 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
As.x =
10.26 cm2
Ac.x=100*d =
23.10 cm2
0.44 cm2
py=px =
0.44 cm2
Valor auxiliar
0.44
ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.57
N/mm2
la
203
--------------SE PRECISA armadura de punzonamiento --------------SEGUNDA COMPROBACION

uo=2*(bp+hp) =
1.10 m
f1cd=0.3*fcd =
6
N/mm2
v.c=Fsd.ef/(uo*d) =
3.01 N/mm2
CALCULO
Vcu=0.10*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3)*u1*d*1000
Vcu =
219.23 kN
Vsu=Fsd.ef-Vcu
Vsu =
546.85 kN
fy90.d=fycd
A90=Vsu/(0.09*d*fy90.d)
A90 =
65.76
cm2/m
0.17325
ta.rd =
0.57
N/mm2
5.83 m
w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
w =
0.75 m
0.87 m
cm
Asw = 11.18 cm2
AdPu = 1.86 cm2 diam. = 15.40
mm
204
1.33 m
8.62 m
= 34.53 r 14
Cuantia geometrica
p.i =
2.67 o/oo
v.c=0.12*ep*((100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*1000*un.ef*d
v.c =
956.38 kN
v.c( 956.38)>Fsd.ef( 766.08)
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU4
Fs
borde
fck
fyk
rec
dia
s
e
be
: be=1.15
soporte de borde
: be=1.40
e bp hp (rec)
______cm______
32 23 50 3.50
1.15
dia
mm
16
s
cm
20
Horm. Acero
___N/mm2___
25
500
Carga csc
kN
556 1.50
css
csf
1.15
1.60
be
205

N/mm2
16.67
434.78
400
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
27.70 cm
d2=d1-dia =
26.10 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
26.90 cm
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
889.60 kN
Valor efectivo del Esfuerzo de punz.de calc. Fsd.ef= 1023.04 kN

calculo
0.54 m
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
4.84 m
ta.sd =
0.79 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
As.x =
10.05 cm2
Ac.x=100*d =
26.90 cm2
0.37 cm2
py=px =
0.37 cm2
Valor auxiliar
0.37
ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.51 N/mm2
la
---------------SE PRECISA armadura de punzonamiento--------------SEGUNDA COMPROBACION
uo=2*(bp+hp) =
1.46 m
f1cd=0.3*fcd =
5.00
206
N/mm2
v.c=Fsd.ef/(uo*d) =
2.60
N/mm2
resistencia de la losa f1cd( 5.00), asi que puede armarse a
punzonamiento.
CALCULO
Vcu=0.10*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3)*u1*d*1000
Vcu =
548.47 kN
Vsu=Fsd.ef-Vcu
Vsu =
474.57 kN
fy90.d=fycd
A90=Vsu/(0.09*d*fy90.d)
A90 =
49.01
cm2/m
0.20175
ta.rd =
0.51
N/mm2
7.52 m
w=(u-2*(bp+hp))/(2*pi)
w =
0.97 m
1.10 m
cm
Asw = 9.80 cm2
1.64 m
10.72 m
= 36.40 r 16
207
Cuantia geometrica
p.i =
v.c=0.12*ep*((100*p.i*fck)^(1/3))*1000*un.ef*d
v.c =
v.c( 1281.54)>Fsd.ef( 1023.04)
2.54 o/oo
1281.54 kN
208
punzonamien.bas
Ejemplo PU5
Fs
borde
fck
fyk
rec
dia
s
e
be
: be=1.15
soporte de borde
: be=1.40
e bp hp (rec)
______cm______
25 25 25 3.50
dia
mm
12
s
cm
20
Horm. Acero
___N/mm2___
25
400
Carga csc
kN
134 1.50
css
1.15
csf
be
1.60 1.15

N/mm2
16.67
347.83
347.83
d1=e-(rec+dia/2) =
20.90 cm
d2=d1-dia =
19.70 cm
Canto util
d=(d1+d2)/2 =
20.30 cm
Fsd.ef=be*Fsd
Fsd=Fs*csf =
214.40 kN

246.56 kN
calculo
Distancia del pilar al perimetro critico
d.u1=2*d =
0.41 m
209
Perimetro critico
u1=2*(bp+hp)+2*pi*d.u1 =
3.55 m
ta.sd =
0.34 N/mm
Parametro auxiliar
ep=1+sqr(200/(d*1000))
=
2
As.x=(1/s)*pi*(dia*100/2)^2
As.x =
5.65 cm2
Ac.x=100*d =
20.30 cm2
0.28 cm2
py=px =
0.28 cm2
Valor auxiliar
0.28
ta.rd=0.12*ep*(100*p.i*fck)^(1/3) =
0.46 N/mm2
Como la TENSION TANGENCIAL maxima RESISTENTE ta.rd( 0.46) es > que
la tension tangencial de calculo en el perimetro critico
ta.sd( 0.34)
---------NO SE PRECISA armadura de punzonamiento ----------------
torsion.bas
Ejemplo tor1
Comprobacion de seccion y calculo de armaduras frente a torsion,
longitudinales y transversales:
T
= momento torsor
b,h
= dimensiones del pilar
fck
fyk
rec
__________________________________________________________________
_
b
h (rec)
Horm. Acero Torsor csc
css
csf
______cm______ ___N/mm2___
mkN
40 45
3
30
500
35
1.50 1.15 1.60
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
__________________________________________________________________
_
Momento torsor de calculo
Td=T*csf = 56
mkN
El torsor de agotamiento del hormigon vale T.a.h=
210
0.5*alf*f1cd*A.e*an.e
Tendremos que obtener: alf, f1cd, A.e y an.e
alf =1.2 pues la viga solo tiene estribos en la cara exterior, si
tuviera
tambien estribos en la cara interior hueca, valdria 1.5
f1cd =
N/mm2
A
=
m2
u
=
an.e =
A.e =
m2
u.e =
resistencia a compresion del hormigon =0.6*fcd = 12

area de la seccion transversal de la viga
b*h =
0.18
perimetro
ancho eficaz
Area eficaz
2*(b+h) =
A/u =
(b-an.e)*(h-an.e) =
1.70
0.11
0.10
m
m
Perimetro eficaz
2*(b-an.e+h-an.e) =
1.28
T.a.h = Torsor de
agotamiento del hormigon

0.5*alf*f1cd*1000*A.e*an.e = 77.16
Se puede calcular la viga pues T.a.h (77.16) > Td (56)
mkN
at.m = area de la armadura transversal por metro de viga

Td*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 6.92
cm2/m
Separacion entre estribos
0.75*(h-rec)<u.e/8 = 15
cm
di.e = Diametro de los estribos
2*sqr(a.1e/pi) = 12
mm
a.lo = area de la armadura longitudinal
Td*u.e*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 8.83
cm2
ndr R di.a.lo = numero y diametro de las barras longitudinales
2*10*sqr(a.lo/ndr/pi) = 4 R 20
211
torsion
Ejemplo tor2
T
= momento torsor
b,h
fck
fyk
rec
b
h (rec)
______cm______
30 30
3
Horm. Acero
___N/mm2___
30
500
Torsor csc
mkN
15
1.50
css
csf
1.15
1.60

N/mm2
20
434.78
400
Td=T*csf = 24
mkN
tuviera tambien estribos en la cara interior hueca, valdria 1.5
f1cd
A
m2
u
an.e
A.e
u.e
= resistencia a compresion del hormigon =0.6*fcd = 12

N/mm2
= area de la seccion transversal de la viga b*h = 0.09
=
=
=
=
perimetro
ancho eficaz
Area eficaz
Perimetro eficaz
2*(b+h)
A/u
(b-an.e)*(h-an.e)
2*(b-an.e+h-an.e)
=
=
=
=
1.20
0.08
0.05
0.90

0.5*alf*f1cd*1000*A.e*an.e = 27.34
m
m
m2
m
T.a.h = Torsor de
mkN

Td*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 5.93
cm2/m
0.75*(h-rec)<u.e/8 = 11
cm
2*sqr(a.1e/pi) = 10
mm
Td*u.e*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 5.33
cm2
212
torsion.bas
Ejemplo tor3
T
= momento torsor
b,h
fck
fyk
rec
b
h (rec)
______cm______
30 30
3
Horm. Acero
___N/mm2___
25
400
Torsor csc
mkN
12
1.50
css
csf
1.15
1.60

N/mm2
16.67
347.83
347.83
Td=T*csf = 19.20 mkN
f1cd=resistencia a compresion del hormigon = 0.6*fcd = 10.00 N/mm2
A
= area de la seccion transversal de la viga b*h = 0.09
m2
u
= perimetro
2*(b+h) = 1.20
m
an.e = ancho eficaz
A/u = 0.08
m
A.e = Area eficaz
(b-an.e)*(h-an.e) = 0.05
m2
u.e = Perimetro eficaz
2*(b-an.e+h-an.e) = 0.90
m
T.a.h = Torsor de

0.5*alf*f1cd*1000*A.e*an.e = 22.78
Se puede calcular la viga pues T.a.h (22.78) > Td (19.20)
at.m = area de la armadura transversal por metro de

Td*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 =
0.75*(h-rec)<u.e/8
2*sqr(a.1e/pi)
Td*u.e*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000
viga
5.45
= 11
= 10
=
4.91
mkN
cm2/m
cm
mm
cm2
213

torsion
Ejemplo tor4
T
= momento torsor
b,h
fck
fyk
rec
__________________________________________________________________
_
b
h (rec)
css
csf
______cm______ ___N/mm2___
mkN
40 40
3
30
500
45
1.50 1.15 1.60
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
__________________________________________________________________
_
Td=T*csf = 72
mkN
f1cd
A
u
an.e
A.e
u.e
=
=
=
=
=
=
resistencia a compresion del hormigon =0.6*fcd = 12

N/mm2
area de la seccion transversal de la viga b*h = 0.16
m2
perimetro
2*(b+h) = 1.60
m
ancho eficaz
A/u = 0.10
m
Area eficaz
(b-an.e)*(h-an.e) = 0.09
m2
Perimetro eficaz
2*(b-an.e+h-an.e) = 1.20
m
T.a.h = Torsor de

0.5*alf*f1cd*1000*A.e*an.e = 64.80
No Se puede calcular la viga pues T.a.h (64.80) < Td (72)
mkN
214
215
torsion
Ejemplo tor5
T
= momento torsor
b,h
fck
fyk
rec
__________________________________________________________________
_
b
h (rec)
css
csf
______cm______ ___N/mm2___
mkN
25 30
3
30
400
10
1.50 1.15 1.60
__________________________________________________________________
_
N/mm2
20
347.83
347.83
__________________________________________________________________
_
Td=T*csf = 16
mkN
f1cd
A
u
an.e
A.e
u.e
=
=
=
=
=
=
resistencia a compresion del hormigon =0.6*fcd

area de la seccion transversal de la viga b*h
perimetro
2*(b+h)
ancho eficaz
A/u
Area eficaz
(b-an.e)*(h-an.e)
Perimetro eficaz
2*(b-an.e+h-an.e)
= 12
N/mm2
= 0.08
m2
= 1.10
m
= 0.07
m
= 0.04
m2
= 0.83
m
T.a.h = Torsor de

0.5*alf*f1cd*1000*A.e*an.e = 20.69
mkN

Td*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 5.46 cm2/m
0.75*(h-rec)<u.e/8 = 10
cm
2*sqr(a.1e/pi) = 10
mm
Td*u.e*10000/2/A.e/fycd/1000 = 4.51 cm2
216

zapatas_30_0.1_30x30.doc
Tension del terreno
0.10 N/mm2.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
bp x hp = Dimensiones del pilar = 30 x 30 (cm x cm)
p
=Altura de la zapata = 30 cm. rec = Distancia apoyo_eje de la armadura)= 7 cm
______________________________________________________________________________________________
N.a =Carga axial (kN)
M = Momento flector m.kN
N =Carga incluido p.p. de la zapata kN
Az =Seccion de contacto con el terreno bz^2 m2
vol=Volumen de hormigon
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2 A =Area de la seccion de acero
cm2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
fck =Resistencia caracteristica (HORMIGON) 30 N/mm2 fyk =Limite elastico (ACERO) 500 N/mm2
Coeficientes de seguridad (horm/acero/esfuerzos) csc =
1.50 css = 1.15 csf= 1.60
______________________________________________________________________________________________
N.a M lado Area Volumen t1 t2 vuelo ARMADURA long c/ [Corta]
[Punz]
[Cor+Pu] peso cuan
kN mkN cm
m2
m3
kN/m2
cm cm2
mm cm cm Perchas + Pernos o Estribos kg kg/m3
________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2 115 1.32 0.40
93 77 43
9.7 7r14 131 14
22.2
56
________________________________________________________________________________________________
200 4 155 2.40 0.72
98 85 63 13.0 9r14 171 16
300 6 190 3.61 1.08
96 86 80 16.0 11r14 206 17
8P 5r 8c/ 15
e 8c/ 16 59.5
55
400 8 215 4.62 1.39
99 90 93 18.1 12r14 231 17 2r10 8P 6r12c/ 14
e12c/ 14 84.7
61
500 10 240 5.76 1.73
99 90 105 24.2 13r16 256 17 2r10 8P 7r14c/ 14
e12c/ 12 125.2
72
600 12 265 7.02 2.11
97 89 117 32.9 11r20 281 18 2r12 8P 9r16c/ 12
e12c/ 8 187.4
89
700 14 285 8.12 2.44
98 90 127 42.3 14r20 301 18 2r14 8P10r20c/ 12
e12c/ 7 250.3 103
800 16 305 9.30 2.79
97 90 137 52.9 17r20 321 18 2r16 8P11r20c/ 12
e12c/ 5 334.0 120
900 18 320 10.24 3.07
99 92 145 63.6 13r25 336 18 2r16 losa insuficiente a punzonamiento
1000 20 335 11.22 3.37 100 94 152 75.5 16r25 351 18 2r20 losa insuficiente a punzonamiento
217
'(zapa_ju2_tabla.bas)
cls
pi=4*atn(1)
'
10 N = 1 kg
0.1 N/mm2 = 1 kg/cm2
10 kN = 1 T
csc=1.5: csc$=using ("###.#",csc) : css=1.15 : css$=using ("###.##",css) : csf=1.6 : csf$=using
("###.#",csf)
For tensi= 0.1 to 0.25 step 0.05
[datos]
'
_cm_ N/mm2
cm
cm
data 40,40, 30,500, 6 , 40
'_____________________________
restore [datos]
read bp,hp,fck,fyk,rec, p
bp$=using ("###",bp)
: fck$=using ("###",fck) : fyk$=using ("###",fyk) : p$ = using
("###",p) : rec$ = using ("###.#",rec)
d=p-rec-1
u1=(2*bp+2*hp+2*pi*2*d)/100 : u1$ = using ("##.#",u1)
pepe=0
ej1$="zapatas_"+str$(p)+"_"+str$(tensi)+"_"+str$(bp)+"x"+str$(hp)+".doc"
print ej1$
print "bp =Dimension del pilar en direccion perpend al portico = ";bp$;" cm."
print "hp
=Dimension del pilar en la direccion del portico
= ";bp$;" cm."
print "p
=Altura de la zapata = ";p$;" cm. rec =Recubrimiento = ";rec$;" cm."
print "
u1
=Perimetro critico 2*(bp+hp+2*pi*d)
= ";u1$;" m"
print "__________________________________________________________________________________________"
print "N.a =Carga axial (kN) M = Momento flector
m.kN"
print "bz
=Dimension zapata N/bz^2 + M/((bz^3)/6)
m"
print "pz
=Peso de la zapata bz*bz*p*25
kN"
print "p.ena=Peso del enano (1.0 m) bp*hp*1*25
kN"
print "N
=Carga incluido el peso propio N.a+pz+p.ena kN"
print "A
=Seccion de contacto con el terreno bz^2
m2"
print "W
=Momento resistente bz^3/6
m3"
print "Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2"
print
"__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_"
p=p/100
t=tensi*1000
d=d/100
: bp=bp/100
: hp=hp/100
'kN/m2
: d$=using ("#.##",d) 'm
rec=rec/100
'm
fcd=fck/csc : fcd$=using ("###.#",fcd)

fyd=fyk/css : fyd$=using ("###.##",fyd)
fycd=fyk/(css+(fyk-400)*0.001)
print "
hormigon
acero
";"tensi = Tension del terreno
=
";using ("#.##",tensi);" N/mm2."
print "Resistencia caracteristica";" ";fck$;"
fck ";fyk$
;"
fyk ";" N/mm2 ";" d = Canto
util (p-rec) = ";d$;" m "
print "Resistencias minoradas:
";" ";fcd$;" fcd ";fyd$;" fyd ";" N/mm2"; "
v
= Dimension
del vuelo (bz-bp)/2 m"
print "Coeficientes de seguridad ";" ";csc$;" csc ";css$;" css" ;" csf = Coef. de seguridad de
los esfuerzos = ";csf$
print
"__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________"
'print "Para el dimensionado no se mayoran las acciones"
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------for N.a=100 to 1000 step 100
N.a$= using ("####",N.a)
M=N.a*0.02 : M$ = using ("##.#",M)
N=N.a
[antes]
bz=0.7
nn=t
do until nn<t
218
nn=N/bz^2+M/((bz^3)/6)
bz=bz+0.05
loop
hz=bz
if bzz=bz then goto [despues]
' if bzz>0 then print "La dimension elegida es insuficiente, probamos una mayor"
bzz=bz
pz=bz*bz*p*25
p.ena=bp*hp*1*25
N=N.a+pz+p.ena
goto [antes]
[despues]
pz$=using ("###",pz): p.ena$=using ("##",p.ena) : N$=using ("####",N) : bz$=using ("##.##",bz)
Az =bz^2
: Az$ = using ("##.##",Az) : W=bz^3/6
: W$=using ("##.##",W)
'---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------t1=N/Az+M/W : t1$ = using ("###",t1): t2=N/Az-M/W :
using ("##.##",v)
t2$ = using ("###",t2):
v=(bz-bp)/2:
v$
if v<2*p then
r.f$="R":gosub [rigida]
else
r.f$="F":gosub [flexible]
end if
next N.a
print "Si Vd > Vu2 se precisa armadura de cortante o aumentar seccion
"
print "Si t.sd > t.rd se precisa armadura de punzonamiento o aumentar seccion"
print
next tensi
end
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[rigida]
'N1+N2=N
'N1*bp/4-N2*bp/4=M => N1-N2=M/(bp/4)
'2*N1=N+M/(bp/4) =>
N1=N/2+M/(bp/2)
: N2$ = using ("###.#",N2)
: N1$ = using ("###.#",N1)
:N2=N-N1
'print "Acciones para que cada parte equivalga a N1 y a N2: altura del area correspondiente a N1 o
N2: ((t1-t2)/bz)*z2^2+2*t2*z2-2*Ni/hz=0"
z2=(-1*(2*t2)+sqr((2*t2)^2+4*((t1-t2)/bz)*2*N2/hz))/(2*(t1-t2)/bz)
z1=bz-z2
: z1$ =using ("##.#",z1)
: z2$ = using ("##.#",z2)
: tz$ = using ("###.#",tz)
'posicion del cdg del area limitada por tz y t2 o bien t1
w2=(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
: w2$ = using ("##.#",w2)
: w1$ = using ("##.#",w1)
x1=bz/2-w1
: x1$ = using ("##.#",x1)
(0.85*(p-rec)): Tti$ = using ("###",Tti)
Td=csf*Tti
: Td$ = using ("####",Td)
: A.m = 10000*2.8*p*bz/1000
if A<A.m then A=A.m
: A$
= using ("###.#",A)
: ndr$ = using ("##",ndr)
dia=10*2*sqr(A/ndr/pi): gosub [diametro] : dia$ = using ("##",dia)
:lo.b$ = using ("#.##",lo.b)
:tz=t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
:w1=(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
:Tti=N1*(x1-0.25*bp)/
:A=Td*10/fyd
:ndr=int((bz-2*rec)/0.2)+3
:lo.b=bz-2*rec+.3
if N.a=100 then
print "N1 = Accion N1=N/2+M/(bp/2) (kN)
Accion N2=N-N1
kN"
print "z2 =(-(2*t2)+sqr((2*t2)^2+4*((t1-t2)/bz)*2*N2/hz))/(2*(t1-t2)/bz)"
print "z2 = Distancia z2 (m) z1 = Distancia
bz-z2
m"
print "tz = Tension a la distancia z
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2"
print "w2 = Posicion del cdg
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m"
print "w1 = Posicion del cdg
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m"
print "x1 = Distancia al eje del soporte
bz/2-w1
m"
print "Tti= Esfuerzo tirante N1*(x1-0.25*bp)/(0.85*(p-rec))
kN"
print "Td = Esfuerzo del tirante mayorado csf*Tti
kN"
print "Az = Area de la seccion de acero Td*10/fyd
m2"
219
print
print " N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b"
print " kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m"
print
"_________________________________________________________________________________________________"
end if
print N.a$;" ";M$;" ";bz$;pz$;" ";p.ena$;" ";N$;" ";Az$;" ";W$;" ";t1$;" ";t2$;" ";v$;" ";N1$;"
";N2$;" ";z1$;" ";z2$;"
";tz$;" ";w1$;" ";w2$;" ";_
x1$;" ";Tti$;" ";Td$;"";A$;" ";ndr$;" ";dia$;"
";dis$;" ";lo.b$
print
"_________________________________________________________________________________________________"
return
'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[flexible]
l.v=v+0.15*bp
("###.#",q)
Md.v=q*csf*l.v^2/2
("#####",Uo)
vc=0.375*Uo*d
: l.v$ =using ("#.##",l.v)
: q=t1*bz
: Md.v$=using ("###.#",Md.v)
: Uo=0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d : Uo$
: vc$
: q$
=using
=using
=using ("####",vc)
if pepe=0 then
print "l.v = Luz de calculo del voladizo v+0.15*bp (m)
print "Md.v =Momento mayorado voladizo (q*csf*l.v^2/2)
print "Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
print "vc
=Valor de comparacion (0.375*Uo*d)
end if
q = Carga (t1*bz)
mkN"
kN "
mkN"
kN/m
"
if Md<vc then
if pepe=0 then
'print "Al ser Md<vc no se necesita armadura de compresion, y la de traccion tiene este valor
Us1=Uo*(1-sqr(1-2*Md.v/(Uo*d))):"
print "Us1 = Armadura de traccion
kN"
print "W1
=Mom. resistente sec. bruta
bz*p^2/6
m3"
print "vc1 = Cuantia minima vc1=0.25*W1*fcd*1000/p
kN"
print "A.i
=Seccion armadura inf. (10*Us1/fyd)*10^4
cm2"
print "A.m = Seccion armadura minima 10*2.8*p*bz
cm2"
end if
W1=bz*p^2/6
: W1$ = using ("#.###",W1)
:vc1=0.25*W1*fcd*1000/p
: vc1$ = using ("####",vc1)
Us1=Uo*(1-sqr(1-2*Md.v/(Uo*d))) : If Us1<vc1 then Us1=vc1
Us1$ = using ("####",Us1)
:A.i=Us1/(fyd*1000)
: A.i$ = using ("###.#",A.i*10^4)
A.m=2.8*p*bz/1000
: If A.i<A.m then A.i=A.m
ndr=int((bz-2*rec)/0.2)+3
: ndr$ = using ("##",ndr)
:dia=1000*2*sqr(A.i/ndr/pi):gosub
[diametro] : dia$=using ("##",dia)
'__________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________"
if pepe=0 then
print "Comprobacion del cortante a distancia de la cara del soporte =canto util"
print "V
=Esfuerzo cortante q*(v-d) (kN) Vd =V mayorado csf*V kN"
K=1
print "flcd = Valor auxiliar 0.6*fcd*1000
"
print "Vu1
=E.cortante compresion oblicua K*f1cd*bz*d
kN"
print "ep
= V.auxi. 1+sqr(200/d) se.ac=Secc. de acero ndr*pi*(dia/2)^2 cm2"
print "po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2"
print "Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
"
print "Vu2
=E.cort. de agotamiento a traccion
kN"
end if
K=1
Vd
=csf*V
:Vd$
= using ("###",Vd)
Vu1 =K*f1cd*bz*d
se.ac=ndr*pi*(dia/10/2)^2
:se.ac$= using ("###.#",se.ac)
if po>0.02 then print "Esfuerzo cortante excesivo, aumentar
Vu2=(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
if Vd>Vd2 then
:V
=q*(v-d)
:f1cd =0.6*fcd*1000
:ep
=1+sqr(0.2/d)
:po
=se.ac/(bz*100*d*100)
seccion" :
end
:Vu2$ = using ("###",Vu2)
220
'calculo de barras a 45
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d) : si$=using ("#.##",si)
fi=(ndr*pi*(dia/2/10)^2)/bz/d/10000:
if fi>=0.02 then fi=0.02
fi$=using ("#.###",fi)
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000 : Vc$=using ("###",Vc)
Vsu=Vd-Vc : Vsu$= using ("###",Vsu)
fyec=fycd
s=(0.9*d*sqr(2)*fyec*1000*(pi*(dia/1000)^2)/4)/Vsu
if pepe=0 then
print "parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= ";si$
print "parametro fi=(ndr*pi*(dia/2/10)^2)/bz/d= ";fi$
print "Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000 Esf. cortante que absorbe el hormigon
kN"
print "Vsu=Vd-Vc
Esf. cortante que debe absorber el acero kN"
print "fyec=fycd";: print " Barras a 45"
print " s=(0.9*d*sqr(2)*fyec*1000*(pi*(dia/1000)^2)/4)/Vsu
Separacion entre barras a 45 s=
";s*100;"cm"
print "______________________________________________________________________________________"
end if
end if
'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'u1
=2*bp+2*hp+2*pi*2*d
if pepe=0 then
print "Comprobacion del punzonamiento:
"
print "Fsd.ef=Componente de punzonamiento be*N*csf
kN"
print "t.sd =Tension de punzonamiento Fsd.ef/(u1*d)
kN/mm2 "
print "t.rd =Tension max. admisi. 1000*0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3) kN/mm2"
end if
be=1.15
Fsd.ef=be*N*csf
t.sd =Fsd.ef/(u1*d)
t.rd =1000*0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3)
if t.sd >t.rd then a$=" > "
if t.sd<=t.rd then a$="
"
if Vd > Vu2 then b$=" > "
if Vd<= Vu2 then b$="
"
: t.sd$ = using ("####",t.sd)

: t.rd$ = using ("####",t.rd)
if pepe=0 then
print "
--------Cortante-------- Punzonamiento"
print " N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
A.i ndr dia dis se.ac Vd
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd"
print " kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2"
print
"__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________"
end if
print N.a$;" ";M$;" ";bz$;" ";N$;" ";Az$;" ";W$;" ";t1$;" ";t2$;" ";v$;" ";l.v$;" ";q$;"
";Md.v$;" ";Uo$;" ";vc$;" ";Us1$;" ";W1$;" "; vc1$ ;" ";A.i$;" ";_
ndr$;" ";dia$;"
";dis$;" ";se.ac$;" ";Vd$;b$;Vu2$;" ";Vc$;" ";Vsu$;" ";t.sd$;a$;t.rd$
end if
pepe=1
return
'----------------------[diametro]
if dia<10 then dia=10
if dia>10 and dia<12 then dia=12
dis=100*(bz-(2*rec+dia/1000))/(ndr-1) : dis$=using ("##",dis)
return
221
Tension del terreno
=
0.15 N/mm2.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
[Punz]
[Cor+Pu] peso cuan
kN mkN cm
m2
m3
kN/m2
cm cm2
________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2 95 0.90 0.27 135 107 33
8.0 6r14 111 13
16.1
60
200 4 125 1.56 0.47 149 125 48 10.5 7r14 141 16
23.9
51
________________________________________________________________________________________________
300 6 155 2.40 0.72 143 124 63 13.0 9r14 171 16
8P 4r 8c/ 14
e 8c/ 12 41.9
58
400 8 175 3.06 0.92 148 130 73 14.7 10r14 191 16 2r10 8P 6r12c/ 11
e10c/ 8 59.2
64
500 10 195 3.80 1.14 148 131 83 18.4 12r14 211 16 2r10 8P 8r14c/ 9
e12c/ 7 89.0
78
600 12 215 4.62 1.39 145 131 93 25.1 13r16 231 17 2r12 8P 8r16c/ 11
e12c/ 7 127.5
92
700 14 230 5.29 1.59 147 133 100 32.1 11r20 246 18 2r14 8P10r20c/ 9
e12c/ 5 178.3 112
800 16 245 6.00 1.80 148 135 107 39.9 13r20 261 18 2r16 8P11r20c/ 9
e12c/ 4 234.5 130
Tension del terreno
=
0.20 N/mm2.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
[Punz]
[Cor+Pu] peso cuan
kN mkN cm
m2
m3
kN/m2
cm cm2
________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2 80 0.64 0.19 191 144 25
6.7 6r12 96 13
10.3
53
200 4 110 1.21 0.36 193 157 40
9.2 7r14 126 16
21.3
59
300 6 135 1.82 0.55 188 159 53 11.3 8r14 151 15
29.2
53
________________________________________________________________________________________________
400 8 155 2.40 0.72 188 162 63 13.0 9r14 171 16 2r10 8P 6r12c/ 9
e10c/ 6 53.4
74
500 10 170 2.89 0.87 194 169 70 15.4 10r14 186 17 2r10 8P 8r14c/ 8
e10c/ 5 66.0
76
600 12 185 3.42 1.03 195 172 78 20.7 11r16 201 17 2r12 8P 8r16c/ 9
e12c/ 5 107.5 105
700 14 200 4.00 1.20 194 173 85 26.8 9r20 216 17 2r14 8P10r20c/ 8
e12c/ 4 145.6 121
800 16 210 4.41 1.32 200 179 90 32.8 11r20 226 18 2r16 8P11r20c/ 8
e12c/ 3 187.2 142
Tension del terreno
=
0.25 N/mm2.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
[Punz]
[Cor+Pu] peso cuan
kN mkN cm
m2
m3
kN/m2
cm cm2
________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2 75 0.56 0.17 218 161 23
6.3 6r12 91 12
9.7
58
200 4 100 1.00 0.30 234 186 35
8.4 6r14 116 14
16.8
56
300 6 120 1.44 0.43 238 197 45 10.1 7r14 136 15
23.0
53
400 8 135 1.82 0.55 248 209 53 11.3 8r14 151 15
29.2
53
________________________________________________________________________________________________
500 10 150 2.25 0.68 248 213 60 13.0 9r14 166 17 2r10 8P 8r14c/ 7
e10c/ 3 62.0
92
600 12 165 2.72 0.82 245 213 68 17.8 9r16 181 17 2r12 8P 9r16c/ 7
e12c/ 3 96.6 118
700 14 180 3.24 0.97 239 210 75 23.4 8r20 196 16 2r14 8P10r20c/ 7
e12c/ 3 129.5 133
800 16 190 3.61 1.08 244 216 80 28.9 10r20 206 17 2r16 8P11r20c/ 7
e12c/ 3 166.2 153
bp =Dimension del pilar en direccion perpend al portico = 30
cm.
hp =Dimension del pilar en la direccion del portico
= 30
cm.
p
=Altura de la zapata = 40 cm.
rec =Recubrimiento =
6.0 cm.
u1 =Perimetro critico 2*(bp+hp+2*pi*d)
=
5.3 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
N.a =Carga axial (kN) M = Momento flector m.kN
bz =Dimension zapata N/bz^2 + M/((bz^3)/6) m
pz
kN
p.ena=Peso del enano (1.0 m) bp*hp*1*25
222
kN
N
=Carga incluido el peso propio N.a+pz+p.ena kN
A =Seccion de contacto con el terreno bz^2
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
tensi = Tension del terreno
= 0.10
N/mm2.
Resistencia caracteristica 30
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
d
= Canto util (p-rec)
= 0.33 m
Resistencias minoradas:
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
= Dimension del vuelo (bz-bp)/2 m
Coeficientes de seguridad
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
= Coef. de seguridad de los esfuerzos =
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
N1 = Accion N1=N/2+M/(bp/2) (kN)
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
z2 =(-(2*t2)+sqr((2*t2)^2+4*((t1-t2)/bz)*2*N2/hz))/(2*(t1-t2)/bz)
z2 = Distancia z2 (m) z1 = Distancia
bz-z2
m
tz = Tension a la distancia z
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
w2 = Posicion del cdg
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
x1 = Distancia al eje del soporte
bz/2-w1
m
Tti= Esfuerzo tirante N1*(x1-0.25*bp)/(0.85*(p-rec)) kN
Td = Esfuerzo del tirante mayorado csf*Tti
kN
Az = Area de la seccion de acero Td*10/fyd
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.20 14 2
117 1.44 0.29
88 74 0.45 71.7 45.0
0.7
0.5
79.7 0.4
0.2
0.2 43
69 13.4 8 16
15 1.38
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.65 27 2
229 2.72 0.75
90 79 0.68 141.4 88.1
1.0
0.7
83.2 0.5
0.3
0.3 127 204 18.5 10 16
17 1.83
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
l.v = Luz de calculo del voladizo v+0.15*bp (m)
q
= Carga (t1*bz) kN/m
Md.v =Momento mayorado voladizo (q*csf*l.v^2/2)
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
Us1 = Armadura de traccion
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
vc1 = Cuantia minima vc1=0.25*W1*fcd*1000/p
kN
A.i
cm2
A.m = Seccion armadura minima 10*2.8*p*bz
cm2
Comprobacion del cortante a distancia de la cara del soporte =canto util
V
=Esfuerzo cortante q*(v-d) (kN) Vd =V mayorado csf*V kN
flcd = Valor auxiliar 0.6*fcd*1000
Vu1
kN
ep
= V.auxi. 1+sqr(200/d) se.ac=Secc. de acero ndr*pi*(dia/2)^2 cm2
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
parametro fi=(ndr*pi*(dia/2/10)^2)/bz/d= 0.004
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000
Esf. cortante que absorbe el hormigon
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
Esf. cortante que debe absorber el acero
kN
fyec=fycd Barras a 45
Separacion entre barras a 45
s= 30.5 cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Comprobacion del punzonamiento:
Fsd.ef=Componente de punzonamiento be*N*csf
kN
t.sd =Tension de punzonamiento Fsd.ef/(u1*d)
kN/mm2
t.rd =Tension max. admisi. 1000*0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3) kN/mm2
223
--------Cortante-------- Punzonamiento
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.95 340 3.80 1.24
94 85 0.83 0.87 184.0 111.4 10940 1354
650 0.052 650
15.0 12 16
16 24.1 146
308 256 %-111
355
478
400 8.0 2.25 453 5.06 1.90
94 85 0.98 1.02 210.8 175.4 12623 1562
750 0.060 750
17.3 13 16
18 26.1 218
348 290 -72
472 > 468
500 10.0 2.50 565 6.25 2.60
94 87 1.10 1.14 235.5 247.0 14025 1736
833 0.067 833
19.2 14 16
18 28.1 290
382 319 -28
589 > 463
600 12.0 2.75 678 7.56 3.47
93 86 1.22 1.27 256.0 330.3 15427 1909 1036 0.073 917
23.8 16 16
17 32.2 367
426 355 12
707 > 469
700 14.0 2.95 789 8.70 4.28
94 87 1.32 1.37 277.2 416.2 16549 2048 1313 0.079 983
30.2 17 16
18 34.2 441
455 380 62
823 > 468
800 16.0 2.95 800 8.70 4.28
96 88 1.32 1.37 282.2 423.8 16549 2048 1338 0.079 983
30.8 17 16
18 34.2 449
455 380 70
834 > 468
900 18.0 3.30 1011 10.89 5.99
96 90 1.50 1.54 316.3 604.1 18513 2291 1931 0.088 1100
44.4 18 20
19 56.5 592 > 580 484 108 1054 > 533
1000 20.0 3.30 1000 10.89 5.99
95 88 1.50 1.54 314.0 599.7 18513 2291 1917 0.088 1100
44.1 18 20
19 56.5 588 > 580 484 104 1043 > 533
Si Vd > Vu2 se precisa armadura de cortante o aumentar seccion
Si t.sd > t.rd se precisa
armadura de punzonamiento o aumentar seccion
224
bp
=Dimension del pilar en direccion perpend al portico = 30
cm.
hp
= 30
cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
=
5.3 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
N.a =Carga axial (kN) M = Momento flector
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.15
N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
d
= 0.33 m
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
z2 = Distancia z2 (m)
z1 = Distancia
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
Tti= Esfuerzo tirante N1*(x1-0.25*bp)/(0.85*(p-rec))
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.00 10 2
112 1.00 0.17 124 100 0.35 69.5 42.8
0.6
0.4
110.0 0.3
0.2
0.2 32
52 11.2 7 16
14 1.18
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.35 18 2
220 1.82 0.41 131 111 0.53 136.9 83.6
0.8
0.5
119.0 0.4
0.3
0.3 95 152 15.1 9 16
15 1.53
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.60 26 2
328 2.56 0.68 137 119 0.65 203.9 123.9
1.0
0.6
126.2 0.5
0.3
0.3 174 279 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.85 34 2
436 3.42 1.06 135 120 0.78 271.6 164.9
1.1
0.7
125.9 0.6
0.4
0.4 276 442 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
q = Carga (t1*bz) kN/m
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
225
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
parametro fi=(ndr*pi*(dia/2/10)^2)/bz/d=
0.004
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
kN
s= -159.68268cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 2.05 544 4.20 1.44 136 123 0.88 0.92 279.8 189.4 11501 1423
683 0.055 683
15.7 12 16
17 24.1 244
318 265 -21
568 > 470
600 12.0 2.20 651 4.84 1.77 141 128 0.95 1.00 310.6 246.0 12342 1527
770 0.059 733
17.7 13 16
17 26.1 308
342 285 23
678 > 472
700 14.0 2.40 760 5.76 2.30 138 126 1.05 1.09 331.2 317.7 13464 1666 1000 0.064 800
23.0 14 16
17 28.1 382 > 372 310 72
792 > 470
800 16.0 2.55 867 6.50 2.76 139 128 1.12 1.17 354.9 388.6 14305 1770 1231 0.068 850
28.3 15 16
17 30.2 451 > 396 330 121
904 > 471
900 18.0 2.70 975 7.29 3.28 139 128 1.20 1.24 376.0 466.2 15147 1874 1486 0.072 900
34.2 15 20
18 47.1 523 > 478 398 125 1017 > 536
1000 20.0 2.70 1000 7.29 3.28 143 131 1.20 1.24 386.8 479.7 15147 1874 1531 0.072 900
35.2 15 20
18 47.1 538 > 478 398 140 1043 > 536
bp
=Dimension del pilar en direccion perpend al portico = 30
cm.
hp
h
= 30
cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
=
5.3 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.20 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
d
= 0.33 m
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
226
w1 =
x1 =
Tti=
Td =
Az =

Posicion del cdg
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
Distancia al eje del soporte
bz/2-w1
Esfuerzo tirante N1*(x1-0.25*bp)/(0.85*(p-rec))
Esfuerzo del tirante mayorado csf*Tti
Area de la seccion de acero Td*10/fyd
m
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.85 7 2
109 0.72 0.10 171 132 0.28 68.1 41.4
0.5
0.3
148.0 0.2
0.2
0.2 25
40 9.5 6 16
14 1.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.15 13 2
215 1.32 0.25 179 147 0.43 134.4 81.1
0.7
0.5
159.8 0.3
0.2
0.2 75 120 12.9 8 16
14 1.33
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.40 20 2
322 1.96 0.46 177 151 0.55 200.9 120.9
0.8
0.6
161.4 0.4
0.3
0.3 145 231 15.7 9 16
16 1.58
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.60 26 2
428 2.56 0.68 179 155 0.65 267.3 160.6
1.0
0.6
164.6 0.5
0.3
0.3 227 363 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.75 31 2
533 3.06 0.89 185 163 0.73 333.1 199.8
1.1
0.7
171.5 0.5
0.3
0.3 315 504 19.6 11 16
16 1.93
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
parametro fi=(ndr*pi*(dia/2/10)^2)/bz/d=
0.004
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
kN
s= 147.95902cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Fsd.ef=Componente de
punzonamiento be*N*csf
kN
kN/mm2
t.rd =Tension max.
admisi. 1000*0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3) kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.90 638 3.61 1.14 187 166 0.80 0.85 355.9 203.3 10659 1319
635 0.051 633
14.6 11 16
18 22.1 268
294 245 23
666 > 469
700 14.0 2.05 744 4.20 1.44 187 167 0.88 0.92 383.0 259.4 11501 1423
815 0.055 683
227
18.7 12 16
17 24.1 334 > 318 265 69
776 > 470
800 16.0 2.20 851 4.84 1.77 185 167 0.95 1.00 406.5 322.0 12342
23.4 13 16
17 26.1 403 > 342 285 118
887 > 472
900 18.0 2.30 955 5.29 2.03 189 172 1.00 1.04 435.7 380.6 12903
27.8 13 20
18 40.8 467 > 409 341 126
996 > 539
1000 20.0 2.45 1062 6.00 2.45 185 169 1.07 1.12 453.6 455.2 13744
33.5 14 20
18 44.0 541 > 438 365 176 1108 > 541
Si t.sd
1527
1018 0.059
733
1597
1210 0.061
767
1701
1456 0.065
817
> t.rd se precisa
228
cm.
hp
= 30
cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
=
5.3 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.25
N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
d
= 0.33 m
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
= Coef. de seguridad de los
esfuerzos =
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.80 6 2
109 0.64 0.09 193 146 0.25 67.7 41.0
0.5
0.3
165.6 0.2
0.2
0.2 22
36 9.0 6 14
13 0.98
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.05 11 2
213 1.10 0.19 214 173 0.38 133.3 80.0
0.6
0.4
189.3 0.3
0.2
0.2 65 105 11.8 7 16
15 1.23
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.25 16 2
318 1.56 0.33 222 185 0.48 198.9 118.9
0.8
0.5
199.6 0.4
0.2
0.3 123 197 14.0 8 16
16 1.43
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.45 21 2
423 2.10 0.51 217 186 0.58 265.0 158.3
0.9
0.6
197.9 0.4
0.3
0.3 198 318 16.2 9 16
16 1.63
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.60 26 2
528 2.56 0.68 221 192 0.65 330.6 197.3
1.0
0.6
203.0 0.5
0.3
0.3 279 447 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.70 29 2
631 2.89 0.82 233 204 0.70 395.6 235.6
1.0
0.7
215.1 0.5
0.3
0.3 360 575 19.0 10 16
17 1.88
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 1.85 34 2
736 3.42 1.06 228 202 0.78 461.6 274.9
1.1
0.7
212.2 0.6
0.4
0.4 464 743 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_ l.v
= Luz de calculo del voladizo v+0.15*bp (m)
229
q
= Carga (t1*bz) kN/m
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
Us1
=Armadura de traccion
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
vc1
=Cuantia minima vc1=0.25*W1*fcd*1000/p
kN
A.i
cm2
A.m
=Seccion armadura minima 10*2.8*p*bz
cm2
V
Vu1
=E.cortante compresion oblicua K*f1cd*bz*d kN
ep
po
= Valor auxiliar se.ac/(bz*d*100) cm2
Vu2
=(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d Vu2 =E.cort. de agotamiento a traccion
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
kN
32.2177656cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Fsd.ef=Componente de
punzonamiento be*N*csf
kN
kN/mm2
t.rd =Tension max.
admisi. 1000*0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3) kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
800 16.0 1.95 840 3.80 1.24 234 208 0.83 0.87 456.2 276.2 10940 1354
872 0.052 650
20.1 12 16
16 24.1 361 > 308 256 105
876 > 478
900 18.0 2.05 944 4.20 1.44 237 212 0.88 0.92 486.3 329.3 11501 1423 1045 0.055 683
24.0 12 16
17 24.1 424 > 318 265 159
985 > 470
1000 20.0 2.20 1051 4.84 1.77 228 206 0.95 1.00 502.4 397.9 12342 1527 1271 0.059 733
29.2 13 20
17 40.8 498 > 397 331 167 1096 > 547
cm.
hp
= 25
cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
=
5.1 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.10 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
d = Canto util (p-rec) = 0.33 m
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf= Coef. de seguridad de los esfuerzos =
1.6
230
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.20 14 2
116 1.44 0.29
87 74 0.48 74.0 42.0
0.7
0.5
78.9 0.4
0.2
0.2 44
71 13.4 8 16
15 1.38
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.65 27 2
229 2.72 0.75
89 79 0.70 146.4 82.4
1.0
0.6
82.7 0.5
0.3
0.3 128 206 18.5 10 16
17 1.83
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
Vc=0.1*si*(100*fi*fck)^(1/3)*bz*d*1000 Esf. cortante que absorbe el hormigon
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
Esf. cortante que debe absorber el acero kN
Separacion entre barras a 45 s= 32.58cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.95 340 3.80 1.24
94 84 0.85 0.89 183.6 115.7 10940 1354
650 0.052 650
15.0 12 16
16 24.1 153
308 256 %-104
368
478
400 8.0 2.25 452 5.06 1.90
94 85 1.00 1.04 210.5 181.2 12623 1562
750 0.060 750
17.3 13 16
18 26.1 226
348 290 -64
490 > 468
500 10.0 2.50 564 6.25 2.60
94 86 1.12 1.16 235.2 254.3 14025 1736
833 0.067 833
19.2 14 16
18 28.1 299
382 319 -19
611 > 463
600 12.0 2.70 674 7.29 3.28
96 89 1.22 1.26 259.7 331.1 15147 1874 1039 0.072 900
23.9 15 20
18 47.1 372
478 398 -26
731 > 536
700 14.0 2.95 789 8.70 4.28
94 87 1.35 1.39 277.0 426.6 16549 2048 1347 0.079 983
231
31.0 17 16
18 34.2 452
455 380 72
854 > 468
800 16.0 2.95 800 8.70 4.28
96 88 1.35 1.39 282.2 434.7 16549 2048
31.6 17 16
18 34.2 461 > 455 380 81
867 > 468
900 18.0 3.30 1010 10.89 5.99
96 90 1.52 1.56 316.1 617.4 18513 2291
45.5 18 20
19 56.5 604 > 580 484 121 1095 > 533
1000 20.0 3.30 1000 10.89 5.99
95 88 1.52 1.56 314.0 613.4 18513 2291
45.1 18 20
19 56.5 600 > 580 484 117 1083 > 533
Si t.sd > t.rd se precisa armadura de punzonamiento o aumentar seccion
1374 0.079
983
1976 0.088 1100

1963 0.088 1100
232
bp =Dimension del pilar en direccion perpend al portico = 25 cm.
hp
= 25 cm.
p
=Altura de la zapata = 40 cm. rec =Recubrimiento =
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.1 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.15 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.00 10 2
112 1.00 0.17 124 100 0.38 71.8 39.8
0.6
0.4
108.7 0.3
0.2
0.2 34
54 11.2 7 16
14 1.18
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.35 18 2
220 1.82 0.41 130 111 0.55 141.9 77.9
0.8
0.5
118.1 0.4
0.2
0.3 96 154 15.1 9 16
15 1.53
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.60 26 2
327 2.56 0.68 137 119 0.68 211.6 115.6
1.0
0.6
125.5 0.5
0.3
0.3 176 281 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
233
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
-63.9566026cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.85 436 3.42 1.06 135 120 0.80 0.84 249.6 140.0 10379 1284
617 0.049 617
14.2 11 16
17 22.1 188
289 241 -53
472
473
500 10.0 2.05 544 4.20 1.44 136 122 0.90 0.94 279.4 196.5 11501 1423
683 0.055 683
15.7 12 16
17 24.1 255
318 265 -10
589 > 470
600 12.0 2.20 650 4.84 1.77 141 128 0.98 1.01 310.3 254.5 12342 1527
797 0.059 733
18.3 13 16
17 26.1 320
342 285 35
704 > 472
700 14.0 2.35 757 5.52 2.16 144 131 1.05 1.09 337.2 319.1 13183 1631 1005 0.063 783
23.1 14 16
17 28.1 389 > 367 306 83
820 > 473
800 16.0 2.55 867 6.50 2.76 139 127 1.15 1.19 354.6 400.0 14305 1770 1268 0.068 850
29.2 15 16
17 30.2 465 > 396 330 135
939 > 471
900 18.0 2.65 972 7.02 3.10 144 133 1.20 1.24 382.1 468.1 14866 1840 1494 0.071 883
34.4 15 20
18 47.1 532 > 472 393 139 1053 > 540
1000 20.0 2.80 1080 7.84 3.66 143 132 1.27 1.31 401.0 552.6 15708 1944 1775 0.075 933
40.8 16 20
18 50.3 606 > 500 417 189 1170 > 541
hp
= 25 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.1 m
__________________________________________________________________________________________
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
_________________________________________________________________________________________
hormigon
acero
= 0.20 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
xl Tti Td
bz
pz p.ena
ndr dia
N
Az
dis lo.b
t1
t2
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
234
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.85 7 2
109 0.72 0.10 170 131 0.30 70.4 38.4
0.5
0.3
146.0 0.3
0.2
0.2 26
42 9.5 6 16
14 1.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.15 13 2
215 1.32 0.25 178 147 0.45 139.4 75.4
0.7
0.4
158.4 0.4
0.2
0.2 77 123 12.9 8 16
14 1.33
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.40 20 2
321 1.96 0.46 177 151 0.58 208.6 112.6
0.9
0.5
160.4 0.4
0.3
0.3 147 235 15.7 9 16
16 1.58
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.60 26 2
427 2.56 0.68 179 155 0.68 277.6 149.6
1.0
0.6
163.7 0.5
0.3
0.3 229 366 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.75 31 2
532 3.06 0.89 185 163 0.75 346.1 186.1
1.1
0.6
170.7 0.5
0.3
0.3 316 506 19.6 11 16
16 1.93
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
_____________________________________________________________________________________
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.90 638 3.61 1.14 187 166 0.83 0.86 355.6 211.6 10659 1319
662 0.051 633
15.2 11 16
18 22.1 282
294 245 37
691 > 469
700 14.0 2.05 744 4.20 1.44 187 167 0.90 0.94 382.7 269.1 11501 1423
847 0.055 683
19.5 12 16
17 24.1 349 > 318 265 84
806 > 470
800 16.0 2.20 850 4.84 1.77 185 167 0.98 1.01 406.2 333.1 12342 1527 1055 0.059 733
24.3 13 16
17 26.1 419 > 342 285 134
921 > 472
900 18.0 2.30 954 5.29 2.03 189 172 1.02 1.06 435.4 393.2 12903 1597 1252 0.061 767
28.8 13 20
18 40.8 484 > 409 341 143 1034 > 539
1000 20.0 2.45 1062 6.00 2.45 185 169 1.10 1.14 453.3 469.2 13744 1701 1504 0.065 817
34.6 14 20
18 44.0 558 > 438 365 194 1150 > 541
235
236
hp
= 25 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.1 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.25 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css
csf = Coef. de seguridad de los esfuerzos = 1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.80 6 2
108 0.64 0.09 192 145 0.28 70.0 38.0
0.5
0.3
163.3 0.2
0.2
0.2 24
38 9.0 6 14
13 0.98
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.05 11 2
213 1.10 0.19 214 172 0.40 138.3 74.3
0.7
0.4
187.6 0.3
0.2
0.2 68 108 11.8 7 16
15 1.23
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.25 16 2
317 1.56 0.33 221 185 0.50 206.6 110.6
0.8
0.5
198.2 0.4
0.2
0.2 126 201 14.0 8 16
16 1.43
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.45 21 2
423 2.10 0.51 217 185 0.60 275.3 147.3
0.9
0.5
196.8 0.5
0.3
0.3 201 321 16.2 9 16
16 1.63
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.60 26 2
527 2.56 0.68 221 191 0.68 343.6 183.6
1.0
0.6
202.0 0.5
0.3
0.3 281 450 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.70 29 2
630 2.89 0.82 233 203 0.73 411.2 219.2
1.1
0.6
214.1 0.5
0.3
0.3 361 578 19.0 10 16
17 1.88
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
237
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
Separacion entre barras a 45 s= 43.84 cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 1.85 736 3.42 1.06 228 202 0.80 0.84 422.3 236.9 10379 1284
745 0.049 617
17.1 11 16
17 22.1 318 > 289 241 77
797 > 473
800 16.0 1.95 840 3.80 1.24 234 208 0.85 0.89 455.8 287.2 10940 1354
908 0.052 650
20.9 12 16
16 24.1 379 > 308 256 123
910 > 478
900 18.0 2.05 944 4.20 1.44 237 212 0.90 0.94 486.0 341.7 11501 1423 1087 0.055 683
25.0 12 20
17 37.7 443 > 369 308 136 1022 > 546
1000 20.0 2.20 1050 4.84 1.77 228 206 0.98 1.01 502.0 411.7 12342 1527 1318 0.059 733
30.3 13 20
17 40.8 518 > 397 331 187 1137 > 547
hp
= 35 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.5 m
__________________________________________________________________________________________
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.10 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.15 css csf = Coef. de seguridad de los esfuerzos =
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
238
tz =
w2 =
w1 =
x1 =
Tti=
Td =
Az =

Tension a la distancia z
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
Posicion del cdg
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
Posicion del cdg
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
bz/2-w1
kN/m2
m
m
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.20 14 3
117 1.44 0.29
89 75 0.43 70.2 47.3
0.7
0.5
80.5 0.3
0.3
0.3 42
67 13.4 8 16
15 1.38
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.65 27 3
230 2.72 0.75
90 79 0.65 138.0 92.3
1.0
0.7
83.7 0.5
0.3
0.3 125 200 18.5 10 16
17 1.83
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
-28.6831469cm
_____________________________________________________________________________________
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.95 341 3.80 1.24
95 85 0.80 0.85 184.4 107.2 10940 1354
650 0.052 650
15.0 12 16
16 24.1 139
308 256 %-118
343
478
400 8.0 2.25 454 5.06 1.90
94 85 0.95 1.00 211.1 169.7 12623 1562
750 0.060 750
17.3 13 16
18 26.1 209
348 290 -80
456
468
500 10.0 2.50 566 6.25 2.60
94 87 1.07 1.13 235.8 239.8 14025 1736
833 0.067 833
19.2 14 16
18 28.1 281
382 319 -37
569 > 463
600 12.0 2.75 679 7.56 3.47
93 86 1.20 1.25 256.3 321.7 15427 1909 1008 0.073 917
23.2 16 16
17 32.2 357
426 355
2
682 > 469
700 14.0 2.95 790 8.70 4.28
94 88 1.30 1.35 277.5 406.1 16549 2048 1280 0.079 983
29.4 17 16
18 34.2 431
455 380 51
794 > 468
800 16.0 2.95 800 8.70 4.28
96 88 1.30 1.35 282.2 413.0 16549 2048 1303 0.079 983
30.0 17 16
18 34.2 438
455 380 58
804 > 468
900 18.0 3.30 1012 10.89 5.99
96 90 1.47 1.53 316.6 590.9 18513 2291 1887 0.088 1100
43.4 18 20
19 56.5 580
580 484 96 1017 > 533
239
1000 20.0 3.30 1000 10.89 5.99

95 88 1.47 1.53 314.0 586.2 18513 2291
43.0 18 20
19 56.5 575
580 484 92 1005 > 533
1871 0.088 1100
240
hp
= 35 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.5 m
__________________________________________________________________________________________
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
hormigon
acero
= 0.15 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 1.00 10 3
113 1.00 0.17 125 101 0.33 68.0 45.1
0.6
0.4
111.3 0.3
0.2
0.2 31
49 11.2 7 16
14 1.18
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.35 18 3
221 1.82 0.41 131 112 0.50 133.5 87.8
0.8
0.6
119.8 0.4
0.3
0.3 92 147 15.1 9 16
15 1.53
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.60 26 3
329 2.56 0.68 137 120 0.63 198.6 130.0
0.9
0.7
126.8 0.5
0.3
0.3 171 273 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.85 34 3
437 3.42 1.06 135 120 0.75 264.4 172.9
1.1
0.8
126.4 0.5
0.4
0.4 272 436 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
241
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 2.05 545 4.20 1.44 137 123 0.85 0.90 280.2 182.6 11501 1423
683 0.055 683
15.7 12 16
17 24.1 233
318 265 -32
548 > 470
600 12.0 2.20 651 4.84 1.77 141 128 0.93 0.98 311.0 237.7 12342 1527
743 0.059 733
17.1 13 16
17 26.1 296
342 285 11
655 > 472
700 14.0 2.40 761 5.76 2.30 138 126 1.02 1.08 331.5 307.9 13464 1666
968 0.064 800
22.3 14 16
17 28.1 369
372 310 59
765 > 470
800 16.0 2.55 868 6.50 2.76 139 128 1.10 1.15 355.2 377.4 14305 1770 1194 0.068 850
27.5 15 16
17 30.2 438 > 396 330 107
873 > 471
900 18.0 2.70 976 7.29 3.28 139 128 1.17 1.23 376.3 453.6 15147 1874 1443 0.072 900
33.2 15 20
18 47.1 509 > 478 398 111
981 > 536
1000 20.0 2.70 1000 7.29 3.28 143 131 1.17 1.23 386.8 466.3 15147 1874 1486 0.072 900
34.2 15 20
18 47.1 523 > 478 398 125 1005 > 536
242
hp
= 35 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.5 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.20 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.85 7 3
110 0.72 0.10 172 133 0.25 66.6 43.7
0.5
0.4
149.8 0.2
0.2
0.2 23
37 9.5 6 16
14 1.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.15 13 3
216 1.32 0.25 179 148 0.40 131.0 85.3
0.7
0.5
160.9 0.3
0.2
0.2 72 115 12.9 8 16
14 1.33
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.40 20 3
323 1.96 0.46 178 152 0.53 195.6 127.0
0.8
0.6
162.3 0.4
0.3
0.3 141 225 15.7 9 16
16 1.58
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.60 26 3
429 2.56 0.68 179 156 0.63 260.0 168.6
0.9
0.7
165.3 0.5
0.3
0.3 222 356 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.75 31 3
534 3.06 0.89 185 163 0.70 324.0 209.7
1.0
0.7
172.2 0.5
0.4
0.4 310 496 19.6 11 16
16 1.93
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.90 36 3
639 3.61 1.14 188 167 0.78 388.2 251.0
1.1
0.8
175.1 0.6
0.4
0.4 410 657 21.3 11 16
18 2.08
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
kN
243
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 2.05 745 4.20 1.44 187 168 0.85 0.90 383.4 249.9 11501 1423
784 0.055 683
18.0 12 16
17 24.1 319 > 318 265 54
749 > 470
800 16.0 2.20 851 4.84 1.77 185 167 0.93 0.98 406.9 311.0 12342 1527
981 0.059 733
22.6 13 16
17 26.1 387 > 342 285 102
856 > 472
900 18.0 2.30 956 5.29 2.03 190 172 0.97 1.03 436.1 368.3 12903 1597 1169 0.061 767
26.9 13 20
18 40.8 450 > 409 341 109
961 > 539
1000 20.0 2.45 1063 6.00 2.45 185 169 1.05 1.10 453.9 441.4 13744 1701 1410 0.065 817
32.4 14 20
18 44.0 523 > 438 365 158 1069 > 541
244
hp
= 35 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.5 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.25 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.80 6 3
109 0.64 0.09 194 148 0.23 66.2 43.3
0.5
0.3
167.7 0.2
0.2
0.2 21
33 9.0 6 14
13 0.98
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.05 11 3
214 1.10 0.19 215 173 0.35 129.9 84.2
0.6
0.4
190.8 0.3
0.2
0.2 62 100 11.8 7 16
15 1.23
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.25 16 3
319 1.56 0.33 222 186 0.45 193.6 125.1
0.7
0.5
200.8 0.4
0.3
0.3 119 190 14.0 8 16
16 1.43
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.45 21 3
424 2.10 0.51 217 186 0.55 257.8 166.3
0.9
0.6
198.9 0.4
0.3
0.3 193 310 16.2 9 16
16 1.63
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.60 26 3
529 2.56 0.68 221 192 0.63 321.5 207.2
0.9
0.7
203.8 0.5
0.3
0.3 274 438 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.70 29 3
632 2.89 0.82 233 204 0.68 384.6 247.4
1.0
0.7
216.0 0.5
0.3
0.4 353 565 19.0 10 16
17 1.88
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 1.85 34 3
737 3.42 1.06 229 202 0.75 448.6 288.6
1.1
0.8
212.9 0.5
0.4
0.4 458 732 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d kN
vc
mkN
245

kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
800 16.0 1.95 841 3.80 1.24 234 208 0.80 0.85 456.6 265.5 10940 1354
836 0.052 650
19.2 12 16
16 24.1 343 > 308 256 87
845 > 478
900 18.0 2.05 945 4.20 1.44 237 212 0.85 0.90 486.7 317.1 11501 1423 1005 0.055 683
23.1 12 16
17 24.1 405 > 318 265 140
950 > 470
1000 20.0 2.20 1051 4.84 1.77 229 206 0.93 0.98 502.7 384.3 12342 1527 1225 0.059 733
28.2 13 20
17 40.8 479 > 397 331 147 1057 > 547
hp
= 40 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.7 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
hormigon
acero
= 0.10 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
246
w2 =
w1 =
x1 =
Tti=
Td =
Az =

Posicion del cdg
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
Posicion del cdg
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
bz/2-w1
m
m
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2.0 1.20 14 4
118 1.44 0.29
89 75 0.40 69.2 49.2
0.7
0.5
81.3 0.3
0.3
0.3 40
64 13.4 8 16
15 1.38
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
200 4.0 1.65 27 4
231 2.72 0.75
90 80 0.63 135.6 95.6
0.9
0.7
84.2 0.5
0.4
0.4 122 195 18.5 10 16
17 1.83
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
300 6.0 1.95 38 4
342 3.80 1.24
95 85 0.78 201.0 141.0
1.1
0.8
89.2 0.6
0.4
0.4 223 357 21.8 12 16
16 2.13
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
Separacion entre barras a 45 s= -38.238949cm
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 2.25 455 5.06 1.90
94 86 0.93 0.99 211.5 164.2 12623 1562
750 0.060 750
17.3 13 16
18 26.1 201
348 290 -88
441
468
500 10.0 2.50 567 6.25 2.60
94 87 1.05 1.11 236.2 232.8 14025 1736
833 0.067 833
19.2 14 16
18 28.1 272
382 319 -46
550 > 463
600 12.0 2.75 680 7.56 3.47
93 86 1.17 1.23 256.7 313.2 15427 1909
980 0.073 917
22.5 16 16
17 32.2 347
426 355 -8
659 > 469
700 14.0 2.95 791 8.70 4.28
94 88 1.27 1.33 277.8 396.1 16549 2048 1247 0.079 983
28.7 17 16
18 34.2 420
455 380 40
767 > 468
800 16.0 2.95 800 8.70 4.28
96 88 1.27 1.33 282.2 402.4 16549 2048 1268 0.079 983
29.2 17 16
18 34.2 427
455 380 47
776 > 468
900 18.0 3.30 1013 10.89 5.99
96 90 1.45 1.51 316.9 578.0 18513 2291 1843 0.088 1100
42.4 18 20
19 56.5 568
580 484 84
983 > 533
1000 20.0 3.30 1000 10.89 5.99
95 88 1.45 1.51 314.0 572.9 18513 2291 1826 0.088 1100
42.0 18 20
19 56.5 563
580 484 79
970 > 533
247
248
hp
= 40 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.7 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
hormigon
acero
= 0.15 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2.0 1.00 10 4
114 1.00 0.17 126 102 0.30 67.0 47.0
0.6
0.4
112.5 0.3
0.2
0.2 29
46 11.2 7 16
14 1.18
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
200 4.0 1.35 18 4
222 1.82 0.41 132 112 0.48 131.1 91.1
0.8
0.6
120.6 0.4
0.3
0.3 89 142 15.1 9 16
15 1.53
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
300 6.0 1.60 26 4
330 2.56 0.68 138 120 0.60 194.8 134.8
0.9
0.7
127.4 0.5
0.3
0.3 166 266 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
400 8.0 1.85 34 4
438 3.42 1.06 136 120 0.73 259.1 179.1
1.1
0.8
126.9 0.5
0.4
0.4 267 427 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
249
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 2.05 546 4.20 1.44 137 123 0.83 0.89 280.6 175.8 11501 1423
683 0.055 683
15.7 12 16
17 24.1 222
318 265 -43
530 > 470
600 12.0 2.20 652 4.84 1.77 142 128 0.90 0.96 311.4 229.6 12342 1527
733 0.059 733
16.9 13 16
17 26.1 284
342 285 -1
633 > 472
700 14.0 2.40 762 5.76 2.30 138 126 1.00 1.06 331.9 298.4 13464 1666
937 0.064 800
21.5 14 16
17 28.1 356
372 310 46
739 > 470
800 16.0 2.55 869 6.50 2.76 139 128 1.07 1.13 355.6 366.4 14305 1770 1157 0.068 850
26.6 15 16
17 30.2 424 > 396 330 94
843 > 471
900 18.0 2.70 977 7.29 3.28 139 129 1.15 1.21 376.6 441.1 15147 1874 1402 0.072 900
32.2 15 20
18 47.1 494 > 478 398 96
948 > 536
1000 20.0 2.70 1000 7.29 3.28 143 131 1.15 1.21 386.8 453.1 15147 1874 1442 0.072 900
33.2 15 20
18 47.1 508 > 478 398 109
970 > 536
250
hp
= 40 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.7 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.20 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
100 2.0 0.85 7 4
111 0.72 0.10 173 134 0.23 65.6 45.6
0.5
0.4
151.7 0.2
0.2
0.2 21
34 9.5 6 16
14 1.03
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
200 4.0 1.15 13 4
217 1.32 0.25 180 148 0.38 128.6 88.6
0.7
0.5
162.1 0.3
0.2
0.3 68 110 12.9 8 16
14 1.33
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
300 6.0 1.40 20 4
324 1.96 0.46 178 152 0.50 191.8 131.8
0.8
0.6
163.2 0.4
0.3
0.3 136 217 15.7 9 16
16 1.58
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
400 8.0 1.60 26 4
430 2.56 0.68 180 156 0.60 254.8 174.8
0.9
0.7
166.0 0.5
0.3
0.3 216 346 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
500 10.0 1.75 31 4
535 3.06 0.89 186 163 0.68 317.3 217.3
1.0
0.7
172.8 0.5
0.4
0.4 302 484 19.6 11 16
16 1.93
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
600 12.0 1.90 36 4
640 3.61 1.14 188 167 0.75 380.1 260.1
1.1
0.8
175.6 0.5
0.4
0.4 402 643 21.3 11 16
18 2.08
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
251
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 2.05 746 4.20 1.44 187 168 0.83 0.89 383.9 240.5 11501 1423
754 0.055 683
17.3 12 16
17 24.1 304
318 265 39
724 > 470
800 16.0 2.20 852 4.84 1.77 185 167 0.90 0.96 407.3 300.3 12342 1527
946 0.059 733
21.8 13 16
17 26.1 371 > 342 285 86
827 > 472
900 18.0 2.30 957 5.29 2.03 190 172 0.95 1.01 436.5 356.2 12903 1597 1129 0.061 767
26.0 13 16
18 26.1 433 > 353 294 139
928 > 465
1000 20.0 2.45 1064 6.00 2.45 185 169 1.02 1.08 454.3 427.8 13744 1701 1364 0.065 817
31.4 14 20
18 44.0 505 > 438 365 140 1032 > 541
hp
= 40 cm.
p
6.0 cm.
u1
= 5.7 m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
m.kN
bz
m
pz
kN
kN
N
A
m2
W
m3
Tensiones
t1=N/A+M/W
t2=N/A-M/W
kN/m2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
hormigon
acero
= 0.25 N/mm2.
fck 500
fyk N/mm2
20.0 fcd 434.78 fyd N/mm2
v
1.5 csc
1.6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
Accion N2=N-N1
kN
bz-z2
m
t2+(t1-t2)*z2/bz
kN/m2
(tz+2*t2)*z2/(3*(tz+t2))
m
(t1+2*tz)*z1/(3*(t1+tz))
m
bz/2-w1
m
kN
kN
m2
N.a
M
bz pz p.ena N
Az
W
t1 t2
v
N1
N2
z1
z2
tz
w1
w2
xl Tti Td
A ndr dia dis lo.b
kN
mkN
m
kN kN
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
kN
m
kN/m2
m
kN
cm2
mm
cm
m
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
100 2.0 0.80 6 4
110 0.64 0.09 196 149 0.20 65.2 45.2
0.4
0.4
169.8 0.2
0.2
252
0.2 19
30 9.0 6 14
13 0.98
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
200 4.0 1.05 11 4
215 1.10 0.19 216 174 0.33 127.5 87.5
0.6
0.5
192.3 0.3
0.2
0.2 59
94 11.8 7 16
15 1.23
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
300 6.0 1.25 16 4
320 1.56 0.33 223 186 0.43 189.8 129.8
0.7
0.5
201.9 0.4
0.3
0.3 114 182 14.0 8 16
16 1.43
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
400 8.0 1.45 21 4
425 2.10 0.51 218 186 0.53 252.5 172.5
0.8
0.6
199.8 0.4
0.3
0.3 187 299 16.2 9 16
16 1.63
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
500 10.0 1.60 26 4
530 2.56 0.68 222 192 0.60 314.8 214.8
0.9
0.7
204.6 0.5
0.3
0.3 266 426 17.9 10 16
16 1.78
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
600 12.0 1.70 29 4
633 2.89 0.82 234 204 0.65 376.5 256.5
1.0
0.7
216.7 0.5
0.4
0.4 344 551 19.0 10 16
17 1.88
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
700 14.0 1.85 34 4
738 3.42 1.06 229 202 0.73 439.1 299.1
1.1
0.8
213.6 0.5
0.4
0.4 448 717 20.7 11 16
17 2.03
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
800 16.0 1.95 38 4
842 3.80 1.24 234 208 0.78 501.0 341.0
1.1
0.8
219.3 0.6
0.4
0.4 546 874 21.8 12 16
16 2.13
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
mkN
Uo
= 0.85*fcd*1000*bz*d
kN
vc
mkN
kN
W1
bz*p^2/6
m3
kN
A.i
cm2
cm2
V
Vu1
kN
ep
po
=Valor auxiliar
se.ac/(bz*d*100)
cm2
Vu2 =(0.12*ep*(100*po*fck)^(1/3))*1000*bz*d
Vu2
kN
parametro
si=1+sqr(200/1000/d)= 1.78
kN
Vsu=Vd-Vc
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
kN
kN/mm2
N.a M
bz
N
Az
W t1 t2
v
l.v
q
Md.v
Uo
vc
Us1
W1
vc1
Vu2 Vc Vsu t.sd
t.rd
kN mkN
m
kN
m2
m3
kN/m2
m
m
kN/m
kNm
kN
mkN
kN
m3
kN
cm2
mm cm cm2
kN
kN Kn
Kn
kN/mm2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
900 18.0 2.10 948 4.41 1.54 227 203 0.85 0.91 476.0 315.3 11781 1458
998 0.056 700
22.9 12 16
18 24.1 396 > 323 269 127
920 > 467
1000 20.0 2.20 1052 4.84 1.77 229 206 0.90 0.96 503.2 371.0 12342 1527 1181 0.059 733
27.2 13 20
17 40.8 459 > 397 331 128 1021 > 547
253
254
mensula_corta.bas
Ejemplo 38
Fv
Fh
b
hp,hg
a
tet
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fuerza vertical
Fuerza horizontal
ancho de la mensula
alturas pequea y grande de la mensula
vuelo de la fuerza
angulo de inclinacion de la compresion oblicua, bielas.
cot.tet=1
si se hormigona la mensula sobre el soporte endurecido
cot.tet=0.6 como el anterior con rugosidad debil del h.endurecdo
cot.tet=1.4 si se homigona la mensula monoliticamente con el pilar
fck
fyk
rec
___________________________________________________________________
b
hg hp a (rec)
Horm. Acero
Fv
Fh
csc
css
csf
_________cm__________
___N/mm2___
mkN
30
0
0 80
5
30
500
250 30
1.50 1.15 1.60
___________________________________________________________________
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
___________________________________________________________________
Fuerza vertical de calculo
Fvd=Fv*csf = 400
kN
Fuerza horizontal de calculo
Fhd=Fh*csf = 48
kN
Compatibilidad de las fuerzas Fhd (48) <= 0.15*Fvd (60)
El canto util de la mensula debe ser: d>=v.c (a*cot.tet/0.85)
y tambien d>a
altura util minima de la mensula d=v.c+0.01
= 0.95 m
altura pequea minima de la mensula hp=0.5*d+rec
= 0.53 m
d
= canto util de la mensula
= 0.95 m
Se puede calcular la mensula pues d ( 0.95) >= v.c ( 0.94)
Comprobacion del apoyo
Se cumplen las condiciones de apoyo pues Fvd/10/b/c [ 4.44] <= f1cd [14]
t1d = Tracc. de cal.(armadura principal) Fvd*tan(tet)+Fhd= 448
N/mm2
t2d = traccion que absorben los cercos
0.2*Fvd
= 80
N/mm2
Asp = area de la armadura principal
t1d*10/fyd
= 10.30 cm2
ndr R di.a = numero y diametro de las barras longitudinales
2*10*sqr(Area/ndr/pi)
= 4 R 20
Ase = area de los cercos horizontales
t2d*10/fyd
= 1.84 cm2
= 4 R 8
Los cercos horizontales abarcaran una altura de 2/3(d)
= 0.63 m
255
mensula_corta.bas
Ejemplo 38
Fv
Fh
b
hp,hg
a
tet
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fuerza vertical
Fuerza horizontal
ancho de la mensula
vuelo de la fuerza
cot.tet=1
fck
fyk
rec
___________________________________________________________________
b
hg hp a (rec)
Horm. Acero
Fv
Fh
csc
css
csf
_________cm__________
___N/mm2___
mkN
40
0
0 70
5
30
500
300 40
1.50 1.15 1.60
___________________________________________________________________
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
___________________________________________________________________
Fvd=Fv*csf = 480
kN
Fhd=Fh*csf = 64
kN
y tambien d>a
= 0.83 m
= 0.47 m
d
= 0.83 m
Se cumplen las condiciones de apoyo pues Fvd/10/b/c [ 4] <= f1cd [14]
t1d = Tracc. de cal.(armadura principal) Fvd*tan(tet)+Fhd= 544
N/mm2
0.2*Fvd
= 96
N/mm2
t1d*10/fyd
= 12.51 cm2
= 4 R 20
t2d*10/fyd
= 2.21 cm2
= 4 R 10
= 0.56 m
256
mensula_corta.bas
Ejemplo 38
Fv
Fh
b
hp,hg
a
tet
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fuerza vertical
Fuerza horizontal
ancho de la mensula
vuelo de la fuerza
cot.tet=1
fck
fyk
rec
___________________________________________________________________
b
hg hp a (rec)
Horm. Acero
Fv
Fh
csc
css
csf
_________cm__________
___N/mm2___
mkN
40
0
0 70
5
30
500
600 50
1.50 1.15 1.60
___________________________________________________________________
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
___________________________________________________________________
Fvd=Fv*csf = 960
kN
Fhd=Fh*csf = 80
kN
y tambien d>a
= 0.83 m
= 0.47 m
d
= 0.83 m
Se cumplen las condiciones de apoyo pues Fvd/10/b/c [ 8] <= f1cd [14]
t1d = Tracc. de cal.(armadura principal) Fvd*tan(tet)+Fhd= %1040
N/mm2
0.2*Fvd
= 192
N/mm2
t1d*10/fyd
= 23.92 cm2
= 8 R 20
t2d*10/fyd
= 4.42 cm2
= 4 R 12
= 0.56 m
257
mensula_corta.bas
Ejemplo 38
Fv
Fh
b
hp,hg
a
tet
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fuerza vertical
Fuerza horizontal
ancho de la mensula
vuelo de la fuerza
cot.tet=1
fck
fyk
rec
___________________________________________________________________
b
hg hp a (rec)
Horm. Acero
Fv
Fh
csc
css
csf
_________cm__________
___N/mm2___
mkN
40
0
0 80
5
30
500
%1200 50
1.50 1.15 1.60
___________________________________________________________________
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
___________________________________________________________________
Fvd=Fv*csf = %1920
kN
Fhd=Fh*csf = 80
kN
y tambien d>a
= 0.95 m
= 0.53 m
d
= 0.95 m
No se cumplen las condiciones de apoyo pues Fvd/10/b/c [16] > f1cd [14]
N/mm2
0.2*Fvd
= 384
N/mm2
t1d*10/fyd
= 46.00 cm2
= 15 R 20
t2d*10/fyd
= 8.83 cm2
= 4 R 20
= 0.63 m
258
mensula_corta.bas
Ejemplo 38
Fv
Fh
b
hp,hg
a
tet
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fuerza vertical
Fuerza horizontal
ancho de la mensula
vuelo de la fuerza
cot.tet=1
fck
fyk
rec
___________________________________________________________________
b
hg hp a (rec)
Horm. Acero
Fv
Fh
csc
css
csf
_________cm__________
___N/mm2___
mkN
40
0
0 80
5
30
500
%2200 50
1.50 1.15 1.60
___________________________________________________________________
N/mm2
20
434.78
400
___________________________________________________________________
Fvd=Fv*csf = %3520
kN
Fhd=Fh*csf = 80
kN
y tambien d>a
= 0.95 m
= 0.53 m
d
= 0.95 m
No se cumplen las condiciones de apoyo pues Fvd/10/b/c [29.33] > f1cd [14]
N/mm2
0.2*Fvd
= 704
N/mm2
t1d*10/fyd
= 82.80 cm2
= 27 R 20
t2d*10/fyd
= 16.19 cm2
= 6 R 20
= 0.63 m

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Problemas Resueltos de Calculo Cimentaciones y Estructuras PDF

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Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 1.52 x 1.52

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 1.22 x 1.22

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 1.83 x 1.83

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 0.91 x 0.91

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 2.13 x 2.13

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, de dimensiones 2.44 x 2.44

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, bajo el nivel fretico, en el terreno

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

especifico corregido sera p.e.c=p.e.sat - 9.81 = 19.49- 9.81 =

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 61.82 + 7.62- 6.10* 9.68

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

y esta ecuacin se resuelve

con t, r y Q.adm en unidades inglesas:

= 1000* 533.76/4.448 = 120000.0 lb

( 9198.2*(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71*B) = 120000.0/B^2

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, bajo el nivel fretico, en el terreno

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

especifico corregido sera p.e.c=p.e.sat - 9.81 = 19.49- 9.81 =

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))*p.e.c = 50.86 + 7.32- 4.88* 9.68

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

0.40*18.86+( 1.37- 0.40)*(19.49-9.81) = 16.92 kN/m =

Ahora resolvemos la ecuacin de Meyerhof

y esta ecuacin se resuelve

con t, r y Q.adm en unidades inglesas:

= 1000* 622.72/4.448 = 140000.0 lb

( 8864.9*(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71*B) = 140000.0/B^2

Zapata de cimiento cuadrada, bajo el nivel fretico, en el terreno

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

6.60 = 11.64 kN/m = 11.64/95.76 Ton(US)/pie

Antonio Martinez Gimenez (Arquitecto) 2016

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Con estos valores de N corregidos, los sumamos y obtenemos

Ahora resolvemos la ecuacin de Meyerhof

Problemas resueltos de calculo: cimentaciones y estructuras

Para simplificar hacemos t=q*Nq*Fqs = 10.03*42.92* 1.75/3 =

y esta ecuacin se resuelve

con t, r y Q.adm en unidades inglesas:

= 1000* 489.28/4.448 = 110000.0 lb

( 5256.1*(1 + 0.96/B) + 277.98*B) = 110000.0/B^2

p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))p.e.c = 61.82 + 7.62- 6.10 9.68

( 9198.2(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71B) = 120000.0/B^2

p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))p.e.c = 50.86 + 7.32- 4.88 9.68

0.4018.86+( 1.37- 0.40)(19.49-9.81) = 16.92 kN/m =

( 8864.9(1 + 0.96/B) + 407.71B) = 140000.0/B^2

Para simplificar hacemos t=qNqFqs = 10.0342.92 1.75/3 =

( 5256.1(1 + 0.96/B) + 277.98B) = 110000.0/B^2

p.t.p(5)=p.t.p(4) + (d(5)-d(4))p.e.c = 61.71 + 6.40- 6.40 6.60

1.5419.24+( 1.37- 1.54)(16.41-9.81) = 28.51 kN/m =

( 11236.2(1 + 1.02/B) + 201.70B) = 220000.0/B^2

y tambin r=(p.e.sat-9.81)NyFysFyd/2/3 = (19.19-9.81)48.03

( 14433.4(1 + 1.02/B) + 286.71B) = 420000.0/B^2

p.t.p(2)=p.t.p(1) + (z.n.f-d(1))p.e + (d(2)-z.n.f)p.e.c =

qu=cNcFcsFcdFci + qNqFqsFqdFqi + yBFysFydFyi

( 16102.6(1 + 1.02/B) + 286.71B) = 630000.0/B^2