Q.

1 Which of the following is/are characteristic/s of mechatronic products

and systems?
a. Functional interaction between mechanical, electronic and information
technologies
b. Spatial interaction of subsystems in one physical unit
c. Intelligence related to the control functions of the mechatronics system
d. All of the above
ANSWER: (d)
Explanation:
The mechatronic products and systems have various characteristics. They are as
follows:
1. There is a functional interaction between mechanical, electronic and information
technologies within mechatronic products and systems.
2. The subsystems are specially integrated in one physical unit
3. Intelligence related to the control functions of the mechatronic system
4. The mechatronic systems and products have more flexibility over conventional
mechanical designs.
5. They have multi-functionality.
Q.2 The mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field in which the disciplines
those act together are _________
a. Mechanical systems and Electronic systems
b. Mechanical systems and Information technology
c. Electronic systems and Information technology
d. Mechanical systems, Electronic systems and Information technology
ANSWER: (d)
Explanation:
The mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field in which the disciplines those act
together are as follows:

1. Mechanical systems
2. Electronic systems
3. Information technology
- The energy given to the machine is firstly flows through it and then either
consumed directly by consumer in the case of an energy transformer or converted
into an another form of energy as in the case of an energy converter.
- The energy can be in the form of mechanical, electrical, chemical or thermal
Q.3 Group the followings into Mechanical systems, Electronic systems and
Information technology.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Automation
Mechanical elements
Software engineering
Precision mechanics
Microelectronics
Artificial intelligence
Sensors and actuators

a. Mechanical Systems: 2, 4
Electronic System: 5, 7
Information Technology: 1, 3, 6
b. Mechanical Systems: 2, 7
Electronic System: 4, 5, 6
Information Technology: 1, 3
c. Mechanical Systems: 2, 4
Electronic System: 5, 6, 7
Information Technology: 1, 3
d. Mechanical Systems: 2, 7
Electronic System: 4, 5
Information Technology: 1, 3, 6
ANSWER: (a)
Explanation:
- The mechatronics, being an interdisciplinary field, has three main fields which act
together.

- These fields are Mechanical systems, Electrical systems, Information technology.

- The above given systems or fields can be categorized in these three disciplines.
- Mechanical systems contain mechanical elements, precision mechanism and
machines.
- Electrical systems contains microelectronics, sensors and actuators, power
electronics.
- Information technology contains automation, software engineering, artificial
intelligence, system theory.
Q.4 What is used to make considerable simplification in the devices such
as watches and cameras etc. as compared to pure mechanical designs?
a. Actuators with electrical auxiliary energy
b. Amplifiers with electrical auxiliary energy
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above
ANSWER: (c)
Explanation:
- As the systems in the devices such as watches and cameras are very small and
complicated, there is a need of an amplification.
- It cannot be done by pure mechanical designs.
- Therefore, both the amplifiers and actuators with electrical auxiliary energy are
used for considerable amplification in the devices like watches, cameras, electrical
typewriters, etc.
- The microcomputers which are in connection with decentralized electrical drives
are introduced for the result of a considerable amplification in the mechanics such
as watches, automatic gears, etc.
Q.5 In which stage the measurement system comes in contact with the
measurand or the quantity to be measured?
a. Transducer Stage

b. Signal Processor Stage

c. Output Stage
d. None of the above
ANSWER: (a)
Explanation:
- All the functions of mechatronics system bring results with measurements.
- Therefore, measurement system is the most essential and important component in
mechatronics system.
- The measurement systems are generally represented by block diagrams.
- There are three stages of generalized measurement system.
1. Transducer Stage: The measurement system comes in contact with the
measurand or the quantity to be measured in transducer stage. This stage
is also called as sensor stage. The measurand may be temperature, pressure,
displacement, velocity, acceleration, etc.
2. Signal Processor Stage: The output from transducer may require some
processing and modification. This process is done at the signal processor stage. In
this stage, the operations like amplification, filtering, integration, analog to digital
conversion, etc. are involved.
3. Output Stage: This stage has function to produce a useful output from the
signal which is processed at the signal processor stage. The signal at output stage
contains the information about the quantity which is measured by measurement
system.
Q.6 Which of the following functions can a control system carry out?
a. The system output can be controlled to some desired particular value for
particular input
b. If certain conditions are satisfied, it can give a particular sequence of output,
corresponding to given input
c. Either a. or b.
d. None of the above

ANSWER: ( c )
Explanation:
- A control system can be defined as the system which can carry out either of the
following functions:
1. The system output can be controlled to some desired particular value for
particular input
2. If certain conditions are satisfied, it can give a particular sequence of output,
corresponding to given input.
- The suitable example for the first function of control system is the central
temperature control or heating system in house.
- In this case, the controlled variable is temperature in the house and the furnace is
controlled by control system to maintain the temperature.
- The suitable example for the second function of control system is household
washing machine.
- In this case, the controller determine various sequence of operations such as
adding clothes, adding water, adding detergent, washing clothes, removing water,
drying clothes.
Q.7 A group of components which can complete certain tasks or achieve
certain desired results in a desired manner while working together is
called as_____
a. output system
b. sequence system
c. control system
d. all of the above
ANSWER: ( c )
Explanation:
- Generally, the word 'control' means to achieve certain desired result or
completing certain tasks in a desired manner.
- And the word 'system' can be defined as a group of devices which can achieve

certain function when they are working together.

- Therefore, a group of components which can complete certain tasks or
achieve certain desired results in a desired manner while working
together is called as control system.
Q.8 In which system does the output not affect the process in any way?
a. Open loop system
b. Closed loop system
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above
ANSWER: (a)
Explanation:
- In open loop system, the output does not affect the process in any way,
as it works on open loop.
- The open loop control system always proceeds in the same predefined manner
until it is switched off.
- This can be represented by block diagram as shown below;

- As there is not any feedback unit in open loop control system, it is clear that the
output does not affect the process in any way.

Q.9 The temperature control system which maintains the temperature of

a room at 30 oC when it is set is an example of_____
a. Open loop system
b. Closed loop system
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above
ANSWER: Closed loop system
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- In closed loop system, the loop is closed by providing a feedback of the output
through a measuring elements.
- The temperature control system which maintains the temperature of a room at 30
C when it is set is an example of closed loop system.
- The temperature of the room is to be maintained at 30 C and is not allowed to go
up or down.
- When it goes up or down immediately some action is taken either switching
cooler on or switching heater on.
- When temperature goes up 30 C, then cooler is switched on so that the
temperature comes down to 30 C.
- And when temperature goes down below 30 C, then heater is switched on so
that the temperature goes up to 30 C.
Q.10 Which control system does not have a stability problem?
a. Open loop system
b. Closed loop system
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above
ANSWER: Open loop system

Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The main difference between open loop control system and closed loop control
system is that the open loop control system does not have the feedback unit as the
closed loop control system has.
- This is only the disadvantage of open loop control system over closed loop control
system.
- The open loop control system has some advantages also.
1. The open loop control system does not have any stability problem as
there is no any fluctuation in inputs according to output result.
2. It is simple in construction and maintenance.
3. It is less expensive and has less number of components than the closed loop
control system.
Q.11 Data acquisition is the process in which, physical variables from the
real world are_____
a. converted into electrical signals
b. modified and converted into a digital format for processing
c. both a. and b.
d. none of the above
ANSWER: both a. and b.
Q.12 Which of the following cannot be considered as data in Data
Acquisition System (DAQ)?
a. Temperature
b. Mechanical displacement
c. Flow rate
d. None of the above

ANSWER: None of the above

Q.13 What is the input of the data acquisition system (DAQ) to which a
transducer is connected called?
a. control element
b. channel
c. interface
d. function
ANSWER: channel
Q.14 The capacity of data acquisition system (DAQ) can be specified in
terms of______
a. number of control elements
b. number of channels
c. number of interfaces
d. number of functions
ANSWER: number of channels
Q.15 Which module of data acquisition system (DAQ) consists of the CPU
that controls the complete data acquisition system?
a. Input module
b. Output module
c. Sampling module
d. Control module
ANSWER: Control module
Q.16 Which of the following cannot be an input that is given to the PLC?

a. Manual switches
b. Relays
c. Sensors
d. None of the above
ANSWER: None of the above
Q.17 Which of the following can be the output of PLC?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Relay coils
Solenoids
Indicators
Motors
Lamps
Alarms

a. Only (1), (2), (3) and (4)

b. Only (3), (4), (5) and (6)
c. Only (1), (2), (3) and (5)
d. All the (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6)
ANSWER: All the (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6)
Q.18 The PLC is used in _______.
a. machine tools
b. automated assembly equipment
c. moulding and extrusion machines
d. all of the above
ANSWER: all of the above
Q.19 PLC can be ___________ in plant to change the sequence of operation.

a. only programmed
b. only reprogrammed
c. programmed and reprogrammed
d. able to give a set point
ANSWER: programmed and reprogrammed
Q.20 The phenomenon of storing heat energy in a system is called as
thermal______.
a. conductance
b. resistance
c. capacitance
d. all of the above
ANSWER: capacitance
Q.21 Heat in thermal system is analogous to __________ in electrical energy.
a. current
b. potential difference
c. resistance
d. charge
ANSWER: charge
Q.22 What would be the relation between the resistances for laminar flow
and turbulent flow for the same head (H) and flow rate (Q)?
a. Rturbulent = (1/2) x Rlaminar
b. Rturbulent = 2 x Rlaminar
c. Rturbulent = 4 x Rlaminar

d. Rturbulent = 2000 x Rlaminar

ANSWER: Rturbulent = 2 x Rlaminar
Q.23 When the output is bounded for bounded inputs, then the system is
said to be_______.
a. stable
b. unstable
c. functional
d. nonfunctional
ANSWER: stable
Q.24 Which of the following is/are the Continuous Control Mode/s used in
control systems?
a. On-Off Control
b. Integral Control
c. Proportional Control
d. All of the above
ANSWER: All of the above
Q.25 On-off Control is also called as ________.
a. one position control
b. two position control
c. four position control
d. half position control
ANSWER: two position control

Q.26 Consider the below diagram of Two Position Control. What would be
the value of error, when the controller output takes a fixed value
corresponding to the 'ON' position of final control element?

a. zero
b. less than zero
c. more than zero
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: more than zero
Q.27 The controller characteristics for on-off controller follow _________.
a. only one curve
b. two curves
c. four curves
d. unpredictable
ANSWER: two curves

Q.28 Consider the following graph of error (e) vs controller output (m).
The curve B corresponding to the value of error e2 is the curve followed by
controller characteristics when value of error __________.

a. is decreasing
b. is increasing
c. remains constant
d. is unpredictable
ANSWER: is increasing
Q.29 Arrange the following components of temperature measurement
system according to measurement system
Hot body, Display system, Thermocouple, Amplifier and converter
a. Hot body----Display system-----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter
b. Hot body----Amplifier and converter-----Thermocouple-----Display system
c. Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display system
d. Display system-----Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter

ANSWER: Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display

system
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The above given components represent a measurement system which measures

the hot body temperature.
- Every measurement system consists of three main stages as sensor stage, signal
processor stage and output stage.
- Thermocouple is used to measures the temperature of hot body.
- Therefore, hot body here is the measurand and the sensor stage which is in
direct contact with the measurand consists of thermocouple.
- Amplifier and converters are used for signal processing at the signal processor
stage.
- As the display system is used to show the output of measurement system, it
represents the output stage and comes at the end of the block diagram
representation of measurement system.
- Therefore, the given components can be represented in measurement system as
follows:
- Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display system
Q.30 The characteristic that provides an output with respect to the
relation with the input is called as ___________
a. calibration of a system
b. response of a system
c. characteristic relation of a system
d. instrumentation of a system
ANSWER: response of a system
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The characteristic that provides an output with respect to the relation with the
input is called asresponse of a system.
- When an input is given to a particular system or instrument, it results an output in
some form.
- The output of a system or an instrument changes with the change in its input.
- This concludes that the output and the input of the system or instrument have
some definite relationship.
- This relationship is studied under some characteristics of the system or
instrument.
- When it is related to the system, then it is called as response of the system.
Q.31 The study of relationship between the input and output, when the
input is invariant with respect to time is called as_____
a. static characteristics of instruments
b. dynamic characteristics of instruments
c. variable characteristics of instruments
d. none of the above
ANSWER: static characteristics of instruments
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The relationship between input and output of a system or an instrument is studied

under some characteristics.
- When this characteristic is related to the system, then it is called as response of
a system.
- And when this characteristic is related to the instrument, then it is called
as characteristic of an instrument.
- The characteristic of an instrument is referred as the relationship between
input and output of an instrument.

- When the input signal is static or does not vary with respect to time, then the
relationship between input and output of that instrument is called as static
characteristic of instrument.
- Even if the variation of input with respect to time is slow, it is considered
as static
Q.32 The process of establishment of a relationship between the input to
the instrument and output from the instrument is called as_____
a. static sensitivity
b. static characterization
c. static accuracy
d. static calibration
ANSWER: static calibration
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The process of establishment of a relationship between the input to the

instrument and output from the instrument is called as static calibration.
- It is also simply called as calibration.
- The calibration can be carried out by giving known inputs to the instrument and
obtaining corresponding outputs.
- The readings of input-output measurement are taken number of times with
different inputs.
Q.33 ________ is the curve plotted between input and output by giving
known inputs to an instrument and obtaining corresponding outputs.
a. characteristic curve
b. accuracy curve
c. calibration curve
d. sensitivity curve

ANSWER: calibration curve

Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The process of giving known inputs to an instrument and obtaining corresponding

output is called as calibration.
- This process is repeated number of times with different inputs and the
corresponding outputs for each different input are recorded.
- When, a curve is plotted with the help of these input-output values, then the
curve is called as calibration curve.
- The input-output relationship can be established with the help of the calibration
curve.
- This input-output relationship helps in taking reading directly while making an
instrument.
Q.34 The displacement of a mass attached to a spring in mechanical
system is corresponding to _______ in the electrical system
a. inductance
b. resistance
c. capacitance
d. current
ANSWER: current
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- Considering above diagrams of a mechanical system and electrical system,

characteristic equation for each system can be derived.
- The characteristic equation for mechanical system is given by,
M(d2x/dt2) + B(dx/dt) + Kx = F ..........................(1)
Where,
M(d2x/dt2) = Inertia force
B(dx/dt) = Damping force
Kx = Spring force
- Whereas, the characteristic equation for electrical system is given by,
L(d2i/dt2) + R(di/dt) + (1/C)i = Eo cos t .........................(2)
Where,
L(d2i/dt2) = Voltage across inductance
R(di/dt) = Voltage across resistance
(1/C)i = Voltage across capacitance
From above equations (1) and (2), we can say that the displacement (x) of a

mass attached to a spring in mechanical system is corresponding to

current (i) in the electrical system.
Q.35 For a second order instrument if the value of the damping ratio is
equal to zero, then the
a. Output will exhibit constant amplitude oscillation
b. Initially output will be oscillatory and gradually it will die down
c. Initially output will be oscillatory and gradually amplitude of oscillation will
increase
d. Output does not exhibit any oscillations
ANSWER: Output will exhibit constant amplitude oscillation
Q.36 What is the transfer function of an electrical system given below?
Where,
I: Current
V: Voltage
R: Resistance

a. V

b. 1/V
c. I
d. 1/R
ANSWER: 1/R
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- The transfer function of a system can be defined as the value by which if the
input is multiplied, we will get the response of the system.
- Above diagram shows an electrical system which consists of voltage source and
resistance.
- The source applies a voltage V across a resistance R. This is the input. This results
in current flowing through the circuit. Therefore, current is a response.
- According to the ohm's law,
V=IxR
V x (1/R) = I ................................(1)
- The equation (1) represents,
Input(V) x Transfer function(1/R) = Response(I)
- Therefore, the transfer function of the given electrical system is 1/R
Q.37 Which of the following statements are true for block diagrams?
1. Block diagrams are the pictorial representation of the system
2. The complicated systems can be easily represented by connecting
different blocks
3. Block diagram represents the relationship between input and output of
the system
a. Statements (1) and (2)
b. Statements (2) and (3)

c. Statements (1) and (3)

d. Statements (1), (2) and (3)
ANSWER: Statements (1), (2) and (3)
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- Block diagrams are used to represent the system functions effectively like the
closed loop control systems with feedback unit.
- Block diagrams are the pictorial representation of the system.
- The complicated systems can be easily represented by connecting different
blocks.
- Block diagram represents the relationship between input and output of the
system.
- Therefore all the statements given above are true for block diagrams.
Q.38 Commercial accelerometer, which is a second order instruments are
generally designed for the damping ratio of the range of
a. 0.2 0.4
b. 0.6 0.8
c. 0.707 1
d. 1 1.5
ANSWER: 0.6 0.8
Q.39 A corresponding block of an element is drawn by inserting ________
of that element inside the block.
a. the value of corresponding input
b. a transfer function
c. the value of corresponding output

d. the name
ANSWER: a transfer function
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- Each function of a system is represented by a block in block diagram.

- A corresponding block of an element is drawn by inserting a transfer
function of that element inside the block as the block diagram represents the
relation between input and output of the system.
- One block in block diagram representation corresponds to one element of the
system.
- As per the sequence of operation of the system, all the different blocks are
interconnected to each other.
- The lines are used to connect the blocks. These line are called as branches of the
system.
Q.40 The process of measurement
a. Always disturbs the system being measured
b. It may or may not disturb the system being measured
c. Never disturbs the system being measured
d. None of these
ANSWER: Always disturbs the system being measured
Q.41 What is/are the maximum number of arrow/s (Input/s) allowed to go
inside the block?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four

ANSWER: One
Explanation:
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule

(24-11-2015)

- In block diagram, each block represents a function of particular element.

- The blocks are connected by lines called as branches of the system.
- Each block as functional component of a system is represented by a rectangle.
- There is one arrow going into the block and one arrow going out of the block.
- Only one arrow is allowed to go inside the block in block diagram representation
of the system.
Q.42 The task of time sharing, in which large number of data signals are
sent through cables or buses, is performed by____
a. sensors or transducers
b. central processing unit (CPU)
c. multiplexer
d. analog to digital converter
ANSWER: multiplexer
Q.43 The difference between the measured value and the true value is
known as
a. Relative error
b. Random error
c. Absolute error
d. Systematic error
ANSWER: Absolute error

Q.44 Systematic errors in a measurement system are caused by

a. System disturbance during measurement
b. Effect of environmental changes
c. Use of uncalibrated instruments
d. All of these
ANSWER: All of these
Q.45 Micro-controllers are ________________ than the PLCs.
a. bulky and expensive
b. bulky but cheaper
c. portable and cheaper
d. portable but expensive
ANSWER: portable and cheaper
Q.46 The type of memory which is fast and temporarily stores the data
which are immediately required for use is called as______.
a. HDD
b. ROM
c. RAM
d. SSD
ANSWER: RAM
Q.47 In a gravity controlled type indicating instrument, the current
flowing through the circuit is
a. Directly proportional to the cosine of angle of deflection
b. Directly proportional to the sine of angle of deflection

c. Directly proportional to the tan of the angle of deflection

d. Directly proportional to the angle of deflection
ANSWER: Directly proportional to the sine of angle of deflection
Q.48 Which method is used for stability analysis?
a. Nyquisit criteria
b. Root locus method
c. Routh Hurwitz criteria
d. All of the above
ANSWER: All of the above

Q.49 Megger is a portable instrument. It is used for the measurement of

a. Low inductance
b. Low resistance
c. High inductance
d. High resistance
ANSWER: High resistance
Q. In a portable instrument, the effect of stray magnetic field on actuating
torque will be maximum when the operating field and stray fields are
a. Parallel to each other
b. Perpendicular to each other
c. Inclined at 45 degree

d. Opposite to each other

ANSWER: Parallel to each other
Q.50 The thermocouple ammeter scale is
a. Linear
b. Cramped at low end and open at high end
c. Open at low end and cramped at high end
d. Cramped at the middle
ANSWER: Cramped at low end and open at high end
Q. In a Wheatstone bridge, if P = 10 1%, Q = 100 1%, R = 20 1% and
S is unknown then the unknown resistance will be
a. 200 1%
b. 200 2%
c. 200 3%
d. 100 1%
ANSWER: 200 3%