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Special Emphasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Prerequisites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Nspectr Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
What Will Nspectr Do for a PDM Program? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Data Pre-screening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Diagnostics and Recommended Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Prioritized Fault Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Spectral and Waveform Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Equipment Configuration Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Additional Diagnostic Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Logical Pathways. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Case History Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Focused Analysis Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
New Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Installation to Update the 16-Bit Version of Nspectr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
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Editing Configured Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Configuring Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Quick Configure for Fast Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Identifying Measurement Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Defining Shaft Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
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Disclaimer Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Select AMS Machinery Manager Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Main Window Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Data Pre-Screening Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
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Label Data With Diagnostic Faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Other Function Bar Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Information to Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Equipment Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Spectral Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Waveform Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30
Extracted Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Diagnostic Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Diagnostic Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Point Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Date/Speed Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Full Explanations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
More Data Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
Unidentified Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
Bottom Line Diagnostic Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
Definition of Global Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
RPM Options Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
Plot Options Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
Engineering Units Tab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
Envelope Options Function Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Plot Scaling Function Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Additional Diagnostic Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Description and Explanation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interactive Entry of Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-57
3-57
3-58
3-58
Preparing to Use Replay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63

Function Bar Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
*ORVVDU\
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6SHFLDO(PSKDVLV
These conventions are used throughout this manual to call attention to the adjacent text:
1RWH
A note indicates special comments or instructions.
&DXWLRQ
A caution indicates actions that may have a major impact on the software,
database files, etc.
3UHUHTXLVLWHV
The Nspectr manual is written with the assumption that you are familiar with the
basic operation of the host computer and MS-Windows commands.
If you are unfamiliar with the computer, peripheral hardware, or MS-Windows conventions, CSI strongly recommends review of the appropriate documentation
before using the Nspectr software.

1VSHFWU2YHUYLHZ
The ultimate goal of a successful PDM program is the accurate diagnosis of equipment condition followed by timely maintenance actions. The process for accomplishing this goal includes:
Setting up the database
Collecting data
Detecting suspect pieces of equipment
Diagnosing faults
Recommending actions
Each of these steps can be done manually using various data collection devices and
reporting techniques and technologies. However, the manual diagnostic approach
can be time consuming and costly. The Nspectr Program uses knowledge base
rules (similar to human reasoning ability) to analyze rotating equipment and
identify equipment faults. This automates the process and saves time, money, and
costly delays.

:KDW:LOO1VSHFWU'RIRUD3'03URJUDP"
Nspectr makes it easier for your experienced (as well as inexperienced) analysts to
make speedy and accurate diagnoses of your equipment problems. It provides the
following features:
Screens data to analyze only problem equipment
Provides diagnostics and recommended actions
Prioritizes faults reporting most deviant equipment first
Reports spectral and waveform features for confirmation
Documents equipment configuration data
Educates with special test tutorials and procedures
Formulates diagnosis through logical pathways (rules)
Stores case history information for recall and study
Focuses your analysis time
'DWD3UHVFUHHQLQJ
Nspectr can scan your data to detect changes that indicate a developing problem.
Only data that is in alarm or substantially deviant from your reference data will be
analyzed to determine fault conditions. This saves you time by studying only your
problem equipment instead of manually reviewing every piece of data collected.
Two scanning techniques are available that can be invoked individually or used
together.
The first technique reports measurement points that have measured vibration
levels exceeding established parameter alarm values. The individual analysis
parameters in alarm are listed along with each parameters predefined alert and
fault level.
The second technique overlays a narrow band envelope shape over the spectral
data to report any offending peaks or complex features that have penetrated the
envelope limits. Waveforms are also scanned if available. A deviation number is calculated for any spectral or waveform feature, if above its limit, giving a measure of
severity.

As shown in the report below, both screening techniques have been used. The first
section shows the Trend Parameter Pre-screening report. The MOV point has the
1xRPM parameter band in alarm using established limit values. This report mimics
the report available in EXPORT, the Measurement Exception Analysis Report. The
second section shows the Spectral/Waveform Pre-screening report. For MOV, a
large peak was found at 59.58 Hz (1xRPM) that exceeded the envelope limit by
0.354 ips. A harmonic family with a fundamental of 1xRPM was also found. A deviation score of 31 was calculated from the deviant 1xRPM peak.
Pre-Screening Report
********************
Pre-Screening Features for CHILLER (1415000039)

TREND PARAMETER PRE-SCREENING
MEASUREMENT
ANALYSIS
PARAMETER
POINT
PARAMETER
VALUE
--------------------------(RPM = 3600.)
15-Sep-93 MOV --- OVERALL VALUE
.547 In/Sec
MOV
2xRPM
.539 In/Sec
SPECTRUM/WAVEFORM PRE-SCREENING
POINT FREQUENCY
ORDER
PEAK
PEAK
ID
(Hz)
(xRPM)
VALUE
EXCESS
----- --------- --------------MOV
59.58
1.00
.533
.354
MOV 1.00x Harm
--.542
.354

MAX
RATIO
----3.0
3.0
ALARM/FAULT ALARM
DAYS
LEVELS
CODE TO ALARM
----------- ----- -------(LOAD = 100.0)
.300
.500
D
0
.150
.300
D
0
TOTAL EXCESS
AMPLTD/LINES
-----------.354
1
DEVIATION
SCORE
--------31
31
'LDJQRVWLFVDQG5HFRPPHQGHG$FWLRQV
Nspectr provides diagnostic information in a short and concise form. Useful information, as shown below, includes the equipment identification, equipment
description, knowledge base version number, how the deviation score was derived,
the overall equipment deviation score, date and time of the data analyzed, the key
measurement points exhibiting faults, brief problem descriptions and problem
deviation scores with certainty values.
Diagnostic Summary For (0219100001) #3 BCCT PUMP - WEST
-------------------------------------------------------Nspectr Knowledge Base Version: V4.00
Severity Score Basis: Reference Envelope
Diagnostic Severity Score (SEV):
12
Data from <07-Aug-91 11:09> to <07-Aug-91 11:10>
KEY POINT(s)
PROBLEM
SEV--CERT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------M2A M2V
Shaft misalignment at coupling
12-- 67
M2V
Early impacting in equipment
3-- 99
M2V
Unbalance in rotor
2-- 67

Full explanation text can be requested for more in depth studies. In the report that
follows, the fault condition is categorized into one of several major classifications.
The text gives more detail about the existing fault and provides recommended
actions to either correct the problem or suggests additional testing to be performed. The longer explanation option is also very useful as a teaching and
training aid.
---------------------------------------------------Nspectr Knowledge Base Version: V4.00
12
NUMBER
1)
********* COUPLING PROBLEM ********

Diagnostic Fault Severity :
12
0219100001-M2A
07-Aug-91 11:10:22
0219100001-M2V
07-Aug-91 11:09:46
There is an indication that the machine is misaligned.

Please have the machines alignment checked and check the
condition of the coupling.
Possible (67%)
Rule
7.
NUMBER
2)
********* POSITION PROBLEM ********

3
0219100001-M2V
07-Aug-91 11:09:46
There is an indication of early impacting occuring in

the equipment.
This condition can be caused by bearing degradation or
some other phenomenon promoting impacting. You might
try to lubricate the bearings to reduce the vibration
and monitor more frequently.
Certain (99%)
Rule 254.
NUMBER
3)
********** SHAFT PROBLEM **********

2
0219100001-M2V
07-Aug-91 11:09:46
There is evidence to indicate that the problem is unbalance in

the rotor.
Unbalance that develops gradually may result from the build-up
of debris on the rotating member. When unbalance occurs
suddenly, broken or chipped elements on the rotating member may
be the cause. Before attempting to balance the unit, carefully
examine and/or clean the unit. This is particularly of concern
when the process environment is not carefully controlled on
equipment such as fans, pumps, compressors, or turbines.
Possible (67%)
Rule 212.

The following condensed list indicates the wide range of knowledge inside
Nspectr. CSI continues to work very hard to include as much collective knowledge
as possible and pass that information on to you. Our experience has not exposed
us to all the possible equipment faults that occur. Therefore, we earnestly seek
input from your experiences because we recognize that you may have encountered
equipment states different from those that are listed.
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After collecting a route of data, the next job is to detect, analyze, and prioritize
equipment problems. Nspectr performs all three tasks automatically and sorts the
diagnostic results in several ways. The following listing reports three pieces of equipment in alarm condition and they are prioritized according to the severity of their
condition.
First, during the pre-screening process, an overall deviation score is determined for
each piece of equipment. Then each piece of equipment is analyzed in descending
order using this overall deviation score. This process insures that the most deviant
piece of equipment is reported first and continues until the least deviant piece of
equipment is reported last. In the example the first listed piece of equipment has
an overall severity score of 63, the second piece of equipment has a 37 and the third
piece of equipment a 10. This scoring will help you establish a priority when scheduling the piece of equipment for repair. Remember that any score means the limits
have been exceeded and the piece of equipment is in an alarm condition.
Second, each specific fault condition detected on the piece of equipment is listed
in order from most to least severe. The first piece of equipments diagnostic output
shows unbalance and misalignment to be the most severe problem with a score of
49. Then a problem with the coupling and internal looseness shows up with a 29.
The nonsynchronous harmonic activity was detected with a score of 7.

Thirdly, the key measurement points are listed in a descending severity order from
left to right. In the second piece of equipments diagnostic output, the P1V point
indicates cavitation with a larger score than the P2V point because it is listed first.
For the second and third problem, the P2V point is more severe than the P1V
point.
Diagnostic Summary For (0209000003) COMBUSTION AIR FAN
------------------------------------------------------Nspectr Knowledge Base Version: V4.00
63
KEY POINT(s)
PROBLEM
SEV--CERT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------F2V
Unbalance in rotor
49-- 83
F2V
49-- 67
F2V
Coupling is locked up or worn
29-- 67
F2V
Looseness in structures restraining rotor
29-- 67
F1V
Nonsynch harmonics- brg or transmitted freq?
7-- 80

-------------------------------------------------------Nspectr Knowledge Base Version: V4.00
37
KEY POINT(s)
PROBLEM
SEV--CERT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------P1V P2V
Cavitation from lack of suction pressure
32-- 69
P2V P1V
Hydraulic problem due to process/clearance
24-- 69
P2V P1V
Coupling is locked up or worn
24-- 67
P1V
BPFO and other bearing failure patterns
15-- 75
P2V
BPFI and other bearing failure patterns
8-- 80
Diagnostic Summary For (0219100002) PRIMARY CHILLED WATER PUMP 4

----------------------------------------------------------------Nspectr Knowledge Base Version: V4.00
10
Data from <11-Nov-91 09:24> to <11-Nov-91 09:25>
KEY POINT(s)
PROBLEM
SEV--CERT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------PIV
Unbalance in rotor
2-- 83
PIV
2-- 67

6SHFWUDODQG:DYHIRUP)HDWXUHV
The spectral and waveform features provide the link between the raw collected
data and the analysis process. This data reduction method is always performed for
every measurement point and is optional for output reporting. The extracted features (see following report) show the important spectral and waveform features for
the motor outboard horizontal measurement point on a chiller.
The report offers several sections that render different information all of which are
important to perform equipment diagnostics. The first set of information is the
heading which defines the measurement point, date and time of data collection,
running speed, and the point description.
Next is a tabular list showing any spectral peaks in the collected data that penetrated
a narrow band envelope superimposed over the data. This example shows a large
one times peak (0.3242 ips) that has penetrated a limit of 0.1795 ips (the envelope
limit at 1xRPM). The ratio of the peak value to the limit value is 1.8 and a deviation
score of 19 has been assigned to this spectral peak.
The remaining sections list the spectral and waveform features that are important
to this measurement point. Some features are simple peak values and other features are very complex. Some complex features are derived from combinations of
the simple features. These include harmonic and subharmonic families, difference
families, floor energy, etc. Others may be dimensionless or based on a theoretical
computation of the raw data. These include spectral and waveform crest factors,
waveform distribution patterns, symmetry, kurtosis, skewness, etc. If any feature,
either simple or complex, exceeds its limit criteria then a deviation score is assigned
to that particular feature.

In the example data, the spectral overall value has slightly exceeded its limit and
been assigned a corresponding deviation score. The peak total, specifically the
1xRPM peak, has moderately exceeded its limit and been assigned a deviation
score value. The 1xRPM harmonic family is also in exception.
Extracted Features for 1415000039 (CHILLER)
***************************************
1415000039-MOH --- 15-Sep-93 13:33 (RF=1.00)

RPM=
3574
MOTOR END HORIZONTAL 35xrpm orde
---------------------------------------------------------------------FREQUENCY
ORDER
(Hz )
(xRPM)
--------- -----59.55
1.00
Total Excess= .1447
SPECTRAL PEAK
PARAMETER
------------Spec Overall
Peak Total
Floor < 3xRPM
Floor 3-10xRPM
Floor > 10xRPM
1xRPM
2xRPM
3xRPM
4xRPM
5xRPM
10xRPM
Syn >10xRPM
Subsynchronous
Nonsyn >10xRPM
1/3xRPM Harm
1/2xRPM Harm
1.00x Harm
2.20x Diff
2.30x Diff
2.12x Diff
1.32x Diff
.88x Diff
Waveform Peak
Crest Factor
WF Symmetry
Spectral Crest
PEAK
TOTAL
VALUE
EXCESS
---------.3242
.1447
Max Ratio= 1.8
AMPLITUDE
VALUE
--------.327 In/Sec
.326 In/Sec
.003 In/Sec
.003 In/Sec
.008 In/Sec
.324 In/Sec
.024 In/Sec
.007 In/Sec
.009 In/Sec
.002 In/Sec
.0006 In/Sec
.003 In/Sec
.007 In/Sec
.009 In/Sec
.007 In/Sec
.002 In/Sec
.325 In/Sec
.004 In/Sec
.004 In/Sec
.003 In/Sec
.003 In/Sec
.004 In/Sec
.64 G-s
2.47
1.19
1.18
Harmonic Probability
Total Amplitude
Family
-----1

1/4xRPM
------0%
.0
--- List of Harmonic

Frequency/Order Energy Score
--------------- ------ ----59.57
1.00x
.325
65
ENVELOPE
LIMIT
LIMIT
RATIO
-----------.1795
1.8
Penetrations= 1
LIMIT
VALUE
----.300
.180
.075
.060
.045
.180
.113
.036
.041
.010
.002
.013
.180
.015
.180
.009
.180
.015
.014
.014
.014
.014
1.50
3.00
15.00
2.00
1/3xRPM
------15%
.0071
EXCESS/RATIO
TO LIMIT
-----------.027
1.1
.145
1.8
--.0
--.0
--.2
.145
1.8
--.2
--.2
--.2
--.2
--.2
--.2
--.0
--.2
--.2
--.2
.145
1.8
--.3
--.3
--.2
--.2
--.3
--.4
--.8
--.1
--.6
Score=
19
DEVIATION
SCORE
--------4
19
19
19
1/2xRPM
------12%
.0021
Families --(No.) Harmonic Members in Family

--------------------------------( 9)
1 2 3 4 5 10 18 21 24
Extracted Features for CHILLER Report (continued)

Family
-----1
2
3
4
5
--- List of Difference Families --Frequency/Order Energy Score (No.)

Start
Max
Last
--------------- ------ ----- ----------------------------------130.79
2.20x
.004
44
( 5/ 7)
11.76x 16.11x 24.97x
137.17
2.30x
.004
43
( 4/ 5)
14.12x 18.73x 23.39x
126.17
2.12x
.003
55
( 5/ 5)
14.66x 18.90x 23.12x
78.70
1.32x
.003
43
( 4/ 4)
17.06x 18.39x 21.01x
52.39
.88x
.004
43
( 4/ 4)
18.39x 19.27x 21.01x
WAVEFORM DISTRIBUTION ( 3.0 Std. Devs) - G-s

----+--------+---------+--------+--------+---------+--------+----*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
--------------------------------+--------------------------------0
0
2
8
8 12 12 12 13 15
9
5
2
0
0 (%)
(-)
Max Peak
(+)
--------------------.6391
.6292
(-) Crest Factor (+)

--------------------2.47
2.43
(RMS) Symmetry (MPk)

--------------------1.07
-1.02
(-) Peaks>NxRMS (+)

--------------------.5677
.5730
(-) RMS Amplitude (+)

--------------------.2666
.2503
(%PT) Symmetry (4th)

--------------------1.07
-1.19
(-) #Peaks>NxRMS (+)

-------------------5 >2x
7 >2x
(-) % Off Slope (+)

---------------------20.5
-19.5
DC Drift/Shift
----------------------Slope (R= 1%)
.1379
Max Deviation
.4861
RMS Deviation
.3249
Kurtosis
--------.428
Skewness
--------.032
Event
(xRPM)
Number
(Hz)
-------------------------------------(-) Peaks
1.73
( 19)
99.7
(+) Peaks
3.00
( 35)
183.7
Zero Xs/2
5.50
( 62)
328.1
Slope in %Max
(-)
(Number)
(+)
---------------------------------------------------Mean (Std Dev)
9.37
6.85
6.82
9.10
Max Slope
36.51
( 506 vs
517)
31.75
Peak Delta
20.24
( 218 vs
218)
22.02

(TXLSPHQW&RQILJXUDWLRQ'RFXPHQWDWLRQ
Design information plays a crucial role when performing equipment diagnostics.
One of the first questions asked by a vibration analyst is What kind of equipment
is it?. The second question commonly asked is What type of bearings does it
have?. These simple questions show how important it is for the human analyst to
know a little about the equipment before accurate diagnostics can be provided. Just
like the human, Nspectr needs to know the same information to perform reliable
diagnostics.
This information is provided to Nspectr by a utility called Component Design
Studio. This utility guides you through the process to define the equipment. For
more information, see the RBMwizard Reference Manual.,Chapter 3 Component Design
Studio.
The following is an example summary of the design information for a
motor-pump piece of equipment.
CONFIGURATION : BASF, BCCT PUMP
****************************
Number of Shafts:
Machine Run Under Load?
Analyze Shafts Independently?
SHAFT
No.
-----
--- COMPONENT TYPE ---AND DECRIPTION

-----------------------
-------- CONNECTION TO OTHER SHAFTS -------SHAFT No.

COUPLING TYPE
ORIENTATION
------------------------------------
Motor
BASF BCCT PUMPS
2
0
Flexible Type
Unknown
In-Line
Unknown
Pump
BASF BCCT PUMPS
1
0
Flexible Type
Unknown
In-Line
Unknown
POINT ID
-------1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

2
Yes
No
M1H
M1V
M2A
M2H
M2V
P1H
P1V
P2A
P2H
P2V
SHAFT No.
---------
POSITION
--------
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
Outboard BRG
Outboard BRG
Inboard BRG
Inboard BRG
Inboard BRG
Inboard BRG
Inboard BRG
Outboard BRG
Outboard BRG
Outboard BRG
ORIENTATION
----------Horizontal
Vertical
Axial
Horizontal
Vertical
Horizontal
Vertical
Axial
Horizontal
Vertical
PROBE TYPE
---------Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Casing
Configuration Definitions Report (continued)

Shaft No. 1 : Motor
--------------------Motor Type:
Shaft Orientation:
Support Position:
Inboard Radial Bearing:
Lubrication Type:
Outboard Radial Bearing:
Lubrication Type:
Shaft Change Positions (Translate)?
BASF BCCT PUMPS

--------------Induction
Horizontal
Bottom
Antifriction
Grease
Antifriction
Grease
No
Shaft No. 2 : Pump

-------------------Pump Type:
Inlet Type:
Pump Mounting:
Pumped Fluid:
Number of Inlet Impeller Vanes:
Number of Stages:
Use Actual Conditions?
Shaft Orientation:
Support Position:
Inboard Radial Bearing:
Lubrication Type:
Bearing 1 ID:
Bearing 2 ID:
Outboard Radial Bearing:
Lubrication Type:
Bearing 1 ID:
Bearing 2 ID:
Shaft Change Positions (Translate)?
BASF BCCT PUMPS

--------------Centrifugal
Volute
Over Hung
Water
4
One
No
Horizontal
Bottom
Antifriction
Grease
190
CSI_CMP.WH
65
CSI_CMP.WH
Antifriction
Grease
190
CSI_CMP.WH
102
CSI_CMP.WH
No
Nspectr can also handle incomplete information. If you do not know the answer to
a specific question, the entry can usually be answered as Unknown or left as zero,
for numeric entries. Incomplete information only affects certainty (probability)
not severity.

$GGLWLRQDO'LDJQRVWLF7HVWV
In the course of equipment diagnostics, sometimes it becomes necessary to collect
additional data (any data other than routine spectrums and waveforms) to distinguish the equipment fault. An example would be to know if the vibration is caused
by a system resonance by determining how close the running speed of the equipment is to its critical speed. This could be determined by either a coast down test or
a bump test. The following help screen explains how data collected from a coast
down would be entered into the system for Nspectr to detect a resonance condition.
There are many other diagnostic tests available in Nspectr. These include time
waveform, orbit data, startup data, phase data, physical observations, and component specific data.

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Diagnostic output is accomplished through the use of logical rules. These rules
show how the extracted features of the raw data fit together to support equipment
failure conditions. Most equipment failure modes exhibit unique characteristics
that distinguish them from other failure modes.
The following rules picture a few of these relationships. The first rule (rule 7) shows
a relationship between axial vibration, running speed vibration, and large spectral
peaks to determine shaft misalignment. Notice that the equipment must be horizontal and have a flexible coupling. This information came from the equipment
configuration. The second rule (rule 212) shows a relationship between large spectral peaks and the ratio of the horizontal to vertical measurements to resolve rotor
unbalance. This rule also requires information on the measurement orientation
(more equipment configuration information). The third rule (rule 254) shows a
relationship of certain waveform characteristics to detect impacting. In order to
process this rule, Nspectr did not detect or match the equipments vibration with
any bearing frequencies. Otherwise, a possible bearing failure would have been
suggested, instead of the more general impacting call.

Each rule also displays a certainty value along with a severity score. The severity is
based upon the deviation score(s) of the specific extracted feature(s) involved in
the rule. The certainty value is the probability that the particular problem condition exists.
Diagnostic Rules For M2V
-----------------------RULE
IF
AND
AND
AND
AND
THEN
7
The machine orientation == HORIZONTAL.
The shaft does have an inline flexible coupling.
The 1xRPM axial amplitude is significant.
The vibration frequency is equal to running speed.
The 1xRPM peak is one of the biggest 3 peaks.
There is an indication that the machine is misaligned.(070)
Calculated Conclusion Certainty : 70%
Individual Rule Severity : 12
RULE
IF
AND
AND
AND
212
The measurement orientation == RADIAL.
The vibration frequency is equal to running speed.
The 1xRPM peak is one of the biggest 3 peaks.
The ratio between the 1xRPM horizontal and vertical reading IS >
.250.
AND The ratio between the 1xRPM horizontal and vertical reading IS <
4.000.
THEN There is evidence to indicate that the problem is unbalance in the
rotor.(070)
Calculated Conclusion Certainty : 70%
RULE 254
IF
Frequency components do not match predicted bearing frequencies.
AND The waveform peaks do not show high levels.
AND The waveform crest factor IS > The waveform crest factor limit *
1.000.
THEN There is an indication of early impacting occuring in the
equipment.(100)
Calculated Conclusion Certainty :100%

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Nspectr is linked to the Case History Manager in RBMview, which is a recordkeeping system to document equipment maintenance information. See the RBMview Reference Manual for more information.
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Nspectr is a versatile everyday tool useful for routine analysis. It provides substantial
benefits by reducing your analysis time increasing your productivity. One diagnostic
call that discovers an impending breakdown preventing a catastrophic failure will
save thousands of dollars.

The following figure shows the flow of Information in Nspectr.

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To enable Nspectr to perform automated equipment diagnostics, some equipment design information must first be defined. Read the appropriate section that
best describes your installation scenario.
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Nspectr can analyze any data stored on equipment after building your database
though RBMwizard. If you build your database through DBASE, you need to configure your equipment through Component Design Studio before Nspectr can
analyze any stored data. For information about how to start Component Design
Studio from Nspectr, see Building and Managing Configuration Data on page
2-1.
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Current Nspectr User - During the database conversion process, all your 16-bit
machine configurations will be converted into the new 32-bit format. You should
review your equipment configurations to verify correct interpretation after conversion. For instructions, see Editing Configured Equipment on page 2-1.
If you have not configured all machines in your 16-bit database, only those configured will be converted an only those assigned will be ready to use in the new 32-bit
Nspectr. To analyze other equipment in Nspectr, you must use Component Design
Studio to build your configurations. For instructions, see Configuring Equipment on page 2-2.
New Nspectr User - During the database conversion process, no equipment configurations will be generated. For Nspectr to analyze any data, you must define your
equipment configurations using Component Design Studio. For instructions, see
Configuring Equipment on page 2-2.
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A separate tool called Component Design Studio is used to create, edit, and
manage permanent equipment configurations used by Nspectr. AMS Machinery
Managers Component Design Studio uses a graphical user interface to let you
build up equipment from individual components. When all of the components are
assembled and configured, CDS generates measurement points, analysis parameter sets, and alarm limit sets for the equipment. This information is then available
to Nspectr for automated diagnostics. Using Component Design Studio is covered
in the RBMwizard Reference Manual, Chapter 3 Component Design Studio.
You can launch Component Design Studio directly from Nspectr. From the
Nspectr main menu, select OK to open the database tree. Select the equipment
you want to configure or edit, then click the Config Setup button to launch CDS.
Nspectr has also been equipped to quickly configure equipment on a temporary
basis. If the system detects that the selected equipment for analysis is not permanently defined in CDS, you will be prompted to choose either the permanent
method (Configure, Save and Continue, via CDS) or the temporary, simplified
method (Quick Configure for Fast Analysis). See Quick Configure for Fast Analysis for additional information.
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In the Quick Configure mode, Nspectr will only retain information

on the last configured piece of equipment.
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If the equipment you selected on the tree has been configured, CDS will open with
the equipment diagram on the CDS workspace. You can now edit the equipment
configuration using CDS tools.

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If the equipment has been created and is listed in the RBM database, but has not
been configured, CDS will open to the Configurations dialog with the equipment
name entered into the New Configuration field. Accepting the New Configuration
name advances you to the CDS workspace to complete the equipment configuration.
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When you select this option, the Shaft Overview Information window is displayed.
Nspectr fills in as much information as possible. The system tries to determine the
appropriate number of shafts based upon the measurement point naming convention. You can change the number of shafts being configured through the function
button provided. The Shaft Overview Information form defines the relationships
of the equipment train components and their shafts. This form allows each shaft to
be connected to two other shafts. If a shaft has only one connection, leave the other
fields as zero and unknown.

Shaft No: This item defines the components shaft number.

Component Type: This item defines the component type for the equipment
being configured.
Motor includes all induction, synchronous, DC, and AC variable-speed
motors.
Turbine includes all steam and gas turbines.
Engine includes rotary as well as reciprocating engines.
Pump includes all centrifugal, axial flow, and reciprocating pumps.
Fan includes any centrifugal, axial flow, or blower-type fans. Here the term
blower refers to more of a paddle-wheel type fan, as opposed to a roots type
blower. In general, the term fan refers to a positive displacement type process, as opposed to a compressor-type process where there is primarily a
high increase in pressure.
Compressor includes all centrifugal, reciprocating, and screw compressors.
These devices are generally associated with process in which there is a
sharp rise in pressure between the inlet and the exit.
The other selections include Gearbox, Sheet Roll, Generator, Centrifuge,
Spindle, Grinder, and Chipper/Crusher.
Shaft: This item defines the shaft connections to other shafts. Nspectr gives you
the ability to connect any given shaft to two other shafts. These two connections can
be thought of as a forward connection and a backward connection in the equipments power transmission path. It follows from this method that the driving unit
and the driven unit would be the only components in a drive train that would have
only one connection. However, for a more complex drive train, this simple method
may prove inadequate. For these cases, more care must be taken when defining the
connection of the shafts. The best way to set up a shaft with three or more connections is to first specify the forward connections in the two input fields provided. As
long as the component does not have more than two forward connections, this
method should always provide Nspectr with adequate information for its analysis.
If in fact there are more than two forward connections on any given shaft, then you
must still make sure that each connection is specified at least once somewhere in
the system of shaft connections.
Coupling Type: This item identifies the coupling type between each component
connection.

A Solid Connection is a rigid type of coupling used when precise alignment

is desired, or where the rotor of one shaft is used to support and position
the connected rotor. An example of a solid connection includes a rigid coupling that consists of two flanged, rigid members, each mounted on one of
the connected shafts. Another example of a solid connection would be a
split rigid coupling. This type of coupling has two halves that are bolted
together on both sides of the shaft.
The Flexible Type couplings main advantage is to provide a slight allowance for misalignment in inline connected shafts.
The Fluid/Magnetic coupling combines two different coupling types into
one category. The fluid coupling consists of an impeller connected to the
input shaft and a turbine connected to the output shaft. The momentum of
the oil discharged from the impeller drives the turbine. This type of coupling provides excellent shock protection to the driven unit. The magnetic
coupling is used primarily on pumps to eliminate the dangers associated
with pumping hazardous fluids. The pump shaft is enclosed in a leakproof
containment shell; therefore, eliminating any leaks where an ordinary drive
shaft would penetrate the housing. Heat and vibration transfer is also minimized across this type of coupling.
A Belt Drive system transfers power by means of a belt stretched around
sheaves, which are located on parallel shafts.
The Chain Drive coupling uses a roller chain to transmit power from a
sprocket on the driven shaft to another sprocket on the output shaft.
In the Gear Drive, the gears are generally the most rugged method of
mechanical power transmission, where there are quite a number of different types of gear sets, each of which have their own advantages and disadvantages.
In the Spline Drive, mating spline patterns are cut into the mating shaft and
hub. The arrangement usually provides the strongest joint connection for
transmitting torque.
The Integral Unit coupling type usually has a driven unit mounted directly
into the shaft of the driving unit, and as a result, there is actually no coupling present. Close-coupled pumps are a common example of this
arrangement.

The Sheet/Web Drive is most commonly found on roll-type manufacturing

processes, such as a paper machine. In these cases, successive rolls are not
each driven by separate driving units, but by a sheet or web that is interconnected between several rolls.
Orientation: This item identifies the orientation of the two shafts that are connected together.
Select In-Line if the center line about which one of the shafts rotates is the
same as that of the other shaft. Shafts connected by flexible couplings, rigid
couplings, fluid couplings, magnetic couplings, spline drives, and integral
shafts generally have an in-line orientation.
Choose Parallel if the center lines about which the shafts rotate are parallel.
Some gear drives, most belt drives, chain drives, and sheet/web drives have
a parallel orientation.
Select Perpendicular when the center lines of two shafts are at right angles
to one another. Examples of this type of orientation are generally limited to
gear drives.
The Angular orientation between two shafts is when the center lines of two
shafts meet at an angle (excluding a ninety-degree angle). Examples of this
type of orientation are also usually limited to gear drive systems.
No. Shafts: This option allows you to modify the number of shafts defined in the
equipment train.

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When you have completed the Shaft Overview Information form, Nspectr displays
the Measurement Point Overview Information for the equipment. The entries on
this form are determined by the measurement point identifications defined in the
database for the selected equipment. If the entries on the form are incorrect or
read unknown, then you can manually correct the entries by toggling to correct
the information. Or, you can let Nspectr do it for you by using the PID Codes function button and filling out the Measurement Point ID Coding form. (For details,
see Fast Cfg Def on page 3 - 20.) If you set the codes on the coding form to match
those in the database, Nspectr will correct the entries on this screen.

Point ID: This item is the measurement point ID code as defined in the database.
Shaft No.: This item defines the shaft where the measurement is located. The
shafts were defined on the previous screen.
Position: This item defines the location on the shaft where the measurement was
made.
Select Inboard BRG position for the bearing closest to the coupling.
Select Outboard BRG position for the bearing farthest from the coupling.

Select Housing if the measurement is located on the equipment case.

Select Foundation for measurements made at the feet.
Select Pipe/Duct for any measurements on pump piping or duct work.
Orientation: This item defines the orientation or plane in which the measurements were collected. Most commonly, data is taken on horizontally mounted
equipment in three planes: Horizontal, Vertical, and Axial.
In some cases, guards or physical restrictions may prevent data from being collected in these three planes. If this is the case, sometimes a Radial measurement
can be taken. This is a measurement that is taken radially about the axis of the shaft,
but not necessarily in the vertical or horizontal planes. In some cases, Radial-X and
Radial-Y measurements may be used. On vertical equipment, this type of convention is generally preferred. These X and Y measurements must be perpendicular
to each other, and they are often taken along with an axial measurement. The API
convention that governs the specification of radial orientation uses the left-hand
rule in these cases, which states that when looking from the driver to the driven
unit, ones left thumb is the X direction and forefinger is the Y direction. This convention is commonly used on horizontally mounted equipment where eddy current probes are used to collect data. For this case, the X and Y directions are located
45 degrees from vertical.
Probe Type: This item defines how the measurement was taken at each measurement point. Select Casing if measurements are taken on the equipment casing
using a transducer, such as an accelerometer or velocity transducer. Velocity transducers provide an excellent signal-to-noise ratio and a high degree of sensitivity, but
have a limited frequency and temperature range. Accelerometers are generally less
expensive and have a wide frequency range, but their signal to noise ratio is not generally as high as that of a velocity sensor.
Select Shaft if data were actually taken on the rotating shaft. This would include the
use of a shaft rider, an eddy current probe, or a shaft stick. Shaft riders are commonly used on large turbines, and they actually measure the displacement of the
shaft as it rotates about its axis. One advantage of eddy current probes is that their
signal does not diminish as the shaft speed approaches zero, as opposed to magnetic pickups. The use of shaft sticks is generally limited to large journal bearing
equipment on which a non-contact displacement probe was not installed.
Point Desc
This function allows you to view the measurement point description listing.

Del Meas Pnt

This function allows you to selectively remove unwanted measurement points from
analysis. This deletion only informs Nspectr that the data stored for the measurement point is not to be analyzed. It does not delete any data for the measurement
point or delete the point from the AMS Machinery Manager database.
PID Codes
Select this option to see the Measurement Point ID Coding form shown below.
Three characters uniquely identify measurement points: the component identifier,
the shaft position, and the measurement orientation. The Measurement Point ID
Coding form defines how Nspectr should interpret the measurement point position and orientation from the measurement point ID defined in the database.

Location of Position Character in Meas. Point ID: This item defines the physical
location of position character in the measurement point ID code. The position
character can be in the first, second, or third spot, but should not be the same spot
as the orientation character.
Location of Orientation Character in Meas. Point ID: This item defines the
physical location of orientation character in the measurement point ID code. The
orientation character can be in the first, second, or third spot, but should not be the
same spot as the position character.

Position Code: This item defines each measurement position with a corresponding code letter or number. When Nspectr decodes the measurement point
ID, the letter that defines the position will be compared to this list and the corresponding measurement position determined. These characters should be unique.
Orientation Code: This item defines each measurement orientation with a corresponding code letter or number. When Nspectr decodes the measurement point
ID, the letter that defines the orientation will be compared to this list and the corresponding measurement orientation determined. These characters should be
unique.
Comp. Codes
As mentioned above, three characters uniquely identify measurement points: the
component identifier, the shaft position, and the measurement orientation. The
Component ID Coding form defines how Nspectr should interpret the component identifier letter.

Component: This item defines the name of the component associated with its
corresponding code letter in the measurement point identification. During simplified configuration, Nspectr will define the equipment being analyzed as the specified component when the corresponding code letter is found in the measurement
point ID code.

Code: This item defines the code letter that is associated with the corresponding
component type. When Nspectr encounters this letter in the measurement point
ID code, it will assume the associated equipment type.
Reset Codes
This function sets all codes on the form back to factory settings.
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When you have completed the Measurement Point Overview Information form,
the Shaft Detail Information form is displayed.

Shaft Orientation: This question pertains to whether the shaft is Horizontal, Vertical, or spatially oriented. A gearbox configuration is a common example that
might have both horizontally and vertically mounted shafts. If the center line of the
shaft is perpendicular to the force of gravity then the shaft is horizontal in orientation. If the center line of the shaft is parallel to the force of gravity then the shaft is
vertical in orientation.
Inboard Radial Bearing: This item specifies the inboard bearing type in the component. The inboard location is typically defined as the bearing closest to the coupling.

Antifriction bearings include two types. First are roller type bearings that
can generally accept high radial loads, but no thrust load. The second type
is ball type bearings that can usually withstand a certain degree of thrust
loading.
Sleeve bearings can be of several types.
The first type of sleeve bearing has load pads that are mounted on
pivots. These pivots allow the pads to self-adjust to an optimum angle
in order to set up hydrodynamic action, which creates a full fluid film
around the bearing.
A second type, grooved journal bearing, allows oil to feed into each of
the axial grooves, and this constant oil flow helps to provide an outlet
for any contaminants in the system. Another journal bearing is called
the tapered land bearing. These bearings generally have excellent
whirl resistance, but they are typically designed to meet narrow operating conditions in specific equipment. Offset bearings are similar to
the grooved bearing. However, this type of journal bearing is designed
to prevent the negative pressure regions often produced by normal
grooved bearings, resulting in a positive pressure force for the entire
duration of each revolution.
Finally, elliptical journal bearings provide a better resistance to whirl
than do cylindrical configurations, but they have poor horizontal stiffness due to large clearances along the major axis of the ellipse.
Air bearings are commonly referred to as a gas-lubricated system. Gas
lubrication of bearings is used in certain applications where conventional
methods are not economically or technically practical. Air bearings are
either classified as aerostatic bearings, which require a supply of pressurized gas, or aerodynamic bearings, which generate their own pressure differentials. Many air-bearing designs are similar to journal bearings, with
the main difference of gas being present as the lubricant.
Magnetic bearings are used only when conventional methods prove
impractical due to problems with stable operation and free suspension of
the rotating shaft. Magnetic bearings utilize radially magnetized rings. One
set of rings is generally connected to the shaft, and these are repulsed by a
set of rings that is held stationary.

Outboard Radial Bearing: This item specifies the outboard bearing type in the
component. The outboard location is typically defined as the bearing opposite of
the coupling. The types of bearings for example, Antifriction bearings are the
same as those described under Inboard Radial Bearings. Please see this previous
section for details.
When you have completed this form, Nspectr will continue to analyze the vibration
data that has been stored in the database.

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This section lists some of the program control setup options and program output
options that are available in Nspectr. Although this chapter covers all of the main
window selections, Nspectr is a complex software package with many features,
which will be explained later in the chapter.
Commands are used extensively in the Nspectr program. These add considerable
flexibility and greatly expand the number of options in the program. Because of
this diversity, discussions about the use of commands appear in later sections. For
the most part, specific commands are discussed wherever they are used to set up or
perform some activity.
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To use all of Nspectrs program features, observe the commands

from the Menu Bar (and Function Bar) that appear when you
change windows. In addition to providing more windows and forms
to fill in, look-up references, tutorials, and help files are available to
assist you in configuring and running your diagnostic programs.
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Selecting Disclaimer on the Help menu displays a window with the following
Nspectr Knowledge Base Disclaimer:
This program aids the user in diagnosing vibration problems with plant
equipment. Because of the complexities of real world problems, there are
no claims or guarantees that the program will correctly solve all of the
problems encountered. The user is strongly cautioned against blindly
accepting the conclusions produced by the software. All results must be
considered as advisory information only and should be weighed carefully
by the personnel who are responsible for actions which are taken. CSI does
not accept any liability with regard to the actions performed or omitted by
those utilizing this program.
THE USER IS REPONSIBLE FOR THE SAFETY OF
PERSONNEL AND MACHINERY!
This window reminds you to exercise caution in evaluating conclusions reached by
the knowledge-based software. Because of the diversity and complexity of realworld problems, always weigh your actions carefully, especially any activity that
could adversely affect the safety of personnel or equipment.

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Ensure that Nspectr has proper access to AMS Machinery Manager databases by
completing these steps.
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Database access is only available from the top-level menus.
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The active database is shown at the top of the screen being displayed.
1. . . On a top-level menu, use the File pulldown menu to display up to ten of the
databases that are available. If desired, you can use the mouse button to
highlight and select another database from this list.
2. . . If the database you want to select is not shown, use the File/Open Database
or File/Open option (depending on the screen you have displayed) to bring
up the Database Selection dialog box.
The Database Selection dialog box allows you to add and remove databases and
perform other selection type functions.
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Refer to the Preparing to Use the Software chapter of the Installation, Configuration, and Utilities manual for complete descriptions
of Database Selection options.
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If the program has just been started, you may only have one database
listed. You can either select it or create a new one. See the AMS
Machinery Manager users manuals for more information on creating databases.

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The Nspectr main menu screen is shown below. This window contains four different dialog boxes of options which enable you to completely define your analyses,
and those displays you want to view.
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Equipment Set of Interest: - This option enables you to specify the equipment set
to be included in the analysis. Select one of the following options:
The Entire Database - Nspectr will analyze all the equipment in all the
areas in a selected database.
Specific Area - Analyzes all the equipment in the area specified (you
will be asked to identify the area name).
Specific Route - Analyzes all the equipment in the route you specify
(you will be asked to identify the area and the route).
Specific Equipment - Analyzes only the equipment you identify (you
will be asked to specify the area and the equipment).

Limit Point IDs Analyzed: - Using this option, you can determine which measurement points will be analyzed. This feature is especially useful in narrowing your
diagnosis to a specific element in that component. If you doubt the accuracy of data
collected at a specific data point, you can exclude that data from the analysis. This
option can be toggled to one of three selections:
Off - (No points are excluded) all available equipment data points will
be included in the analysis.
Exclude - Specified data points are excluded.
Include - Only the data from specified data points will be included.
1st/2nd Point ID -Enter the alphanumeric point code. When an Include
response is selected to limit the points analyzed, only points that match the
IDs specified will be considered. An Exclude response limits the analysis
to points that do not match the IDs specified. Use an asterisk * in any
position to indicate that any letter is acceptable in that location. If all blanks
are specified for a point ID, no testing occurs against that ID. When both
IDs are specified, a match to either allows the point to be analyzed.
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Enter the data point ID exactly as it appears on the AMS Machinery

Manager database measurement point definition list. See the RBMwizard Reference Manual, Chapter 3, Component Design Studio for
more information.
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Including or excluding specific data points can alter the diagnostic results. Supporting data from associated data points on a piece of equipment often provide
information that significantly affects the diagnosis, even when the vibration
characteristics of the point do not have large magnitudes. For this reason, use
this feature with caution.
Limit Selection To: - choose from all spectra, route spectra, or analyze spectra to
select what type of spectra you want to analyze.
Data of Interest: - This option enables you to select specific data for analysis. Select
one of the following options:
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Last Survey Only - The analysis will use the data collected on the last
survey only; no other data will be analyzed.
Latest Available - This limits the analysis to the latest data stored for
the selected set of measurement points.
Last In Specified Period - The analysis will use the data stored for each
measurement point just prior to the Ending Date and Time.
All In Specified Period - All data stored within the Starting and Ending
dates will be sequentially analyzed. This will enable you to view the
historical progression of faults.
Starting and Ending dates mentioned in selections 3 and 4 are described below.
The program does not consider these dates when options 1or 2 are selected.
Starting Date/Time: - Sets the beginning of the period when data will be included
in the analysis. Any data stored prior to this date will be ignored. The abbreviations
are based upon the date format in the AMS Machinery Manager configuration.
Ending Date/Time: - Sets the end of the period when data will be included in the
analysis. Any data stored after this date will be ignored. The day-month-year abbreviations are the same as above.
Data Set Interval (Hrs): - Specifies the actual length (in hours) of the data collection period that will be used for the analysis. This is necessary to ensure that a valid
set of data is available. For example, diagnosing problems on a piece of equipment
with part of the data taken before overhaul and part taken after overhaul would
probably produce invalid results. Ideally, the data collection interval should be as
short as possible.
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Ensure that the Data Set Interval is properly defined for a valid set of
data.

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Equipment Diagrams? - displays the diagram if one has been assigned.

Spectral Plots? - displays the spectral plot for each measurement point analyzed by
Nspectr.
Waveform Plots? - displays the waveform plot for each measurement point analyzed by Nspectr.
Extracted Features? - displays the features that Nspectr extracts for the analysis.
Extracted Features are the waveform and spectral data features that are derived
from the actual equipment data. Examples of extracted features are Overall Value,
Floor Amplitude, Subsynchronous Energy, 1xEnergy, 2xEnergy, Harmonic Families, etc.
Envelope Exception? - displays the comparison of the current Test
Spectrum against an envelope, highlighting frequencies at which significant changes in the data exist. The envelope is constructed from one
of several possible sources. See Envelope Options Function Key on
page 3-50 for more information.
Waveform Features? - displays the significant characteristics found in
the time waveform data that will be used in the diagnosis.
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Diagnostic Facts? - displays the facts that Nspectr uses for the analysis. A diagnostic
fact is a piece of information derived from the extracted features or equipment
design. These facts are taken from the equipment configuration and extracted features.
Diagnostic Rules? - displays the rules that Nspectr used to determine the diagnosis
(only those rules that were true will be listed). A diagnostic rule is a collection of
statements that define a particular equipment fault.
Point Diagnostics? - displays the diagnosis for each individual measurement point.
A diagnostic summary for the Equipment is always displayed.
Date/Speed Analysis? -displays and analyzes the Date and RPM (speed) for the
data being analyzed. If there is a violation of the allowed limit for the Date and/or
Speed, a notice will be given. These limits are defined under Set Limits.
Full Explanations? - Displays the full explanation of the diagnosis and suggested
corrective actions where appropriate. If disabled, the diagnostic summary will display one line statements of the faults that have been found.
More Data Requested? - when selected, Nspectr lists the additional data it could
use to increase the confidence factor of the diagnosis.
Unidentified Info? - When selected, Nspectr warns the user when exceptional data
features exist that do not support any analytical logic.
Automatic Pause Enabled?: - select this option to allow the program to halt at various points during the analysis so you can display the output. Not selecting allows the
program to perform the diagnosis without interruption.
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Helpful hint: To allow your diagnostic screens to be displayed faster,

you may want to turn all the Display Options selections off. The
system still performs all of the diagnostics but is not slowed down by
having to display all of the results at this time. After the fault diagnosis
is displayed, you can still have any of this information displayed by
using the pulldown menu as described in Information on page
3-36.

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Data Pre-Screening Enabled? - determines whether Nspectr will screen vibration

data before it runs an analysis. (See section Data Pre-Screening Criteria on page
3-13 for additional information.)
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If Pre-Screening is enabled, but the data does not meet the exceptional criteria you have selected, no data will be analyzed.
If Pre-Screening is disabled (not selected), Nspectr will analyze the test data selected
without any screening criteria applied. This means whatever data is selected for
analysis, Nspectr will provide an analysis (regardless of the equipments condition).
Label Data With Diagnostic Faults? - attaches labels to spectral and waveform
data. Selecting this option opens the Label Data With Diagnostic Faults dialog
which allows you to specify labelling options. (See Label Data With Diagnostic
Faults on page 3-17 for additional information.)
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Interactive Entry of Test Data?: - Nspectr can accept and use other data in addition to data routinely collected in the database. These additional data are called
Additional Diagnostic Data, and are supplied by you. For more information, see
Additional Diagnostic Information on page 3-57.
Select this option to tell Nspectr there is additional data to be entered. This causes
the program to pause at each analyzed shaft to enable you to enter the additional
data. Not selecting this option results in a diagnosis that only uses the data available
in the database.
Archive Current Diagnosis?: - This option enables you to archive the diagnostic
faults from fault cases that are run. You can then replay the diagnosis without reanalyzing the data. Select Yes to save the latest diagnosis. If you are analyzing the
entire database, or specific areas or routes, this will save the entire set. Select
Append to add each diagnosis to the end of the saved Archive file. Select No to
disable the option.
1RWH
This option should be set to Yes or Append (prior to running

your diagnostic tests) if you are going to use the Replay function. See
Preparing to Use Replay on page 3-63 for more information.
Archive File: - To change the archive file name, click on the Browse button and then select
a new filename or use an existing file through the file dialog box. By archiving, you accumulate diagnostic summaries generated by Nspectr for use with the Replay function.
Save Setup to Rerun File?: - This option enables you to save setup parameters for
future review, re-analysis, or documentation.
After selecting this option, choose the area and equipment. If you have previously
saved rerun cases, Nspectr will display the file listed after Rerun File. The display will
include a list of all the cases previously saved to this file.

To save your current setup as a new case, highlight one of the 10 entries on this list
and click the OK button. If an Unused Location is selected, you will be asked to
describe the new case to be saved. Type in a new description (up to 24 alphanumeric characters), click the OK button, and all of the current diagnostic analysis
options selected are saved with this new case. This case can now be rerun without
having to remember the previous setup (see Rerun Case on page 3-23).
Rerun File: - Each Save File will hold up to 10 individual cases. To save additional
cases, select another Rerun File name and assign 10 more cases to that file. To
change the Rerun file, click on the Browse button and select a new filename or use an existing
file through the file dialog box. In this manner, the number of Rerun Files created is limited only by the size of your hard disk. If desired, by including the floppy disk drive
path in the Rerun File name, you can save your rerun cases on floppy disks (for
example, A:\RERUN.DAT).
Automatic Hardcopy Enabled? - allows automatic hardcopyeach spectral or
trend data plot is sequentially displayed on the computer window and sent to the
line printer or plotters queue without further attention.
0DLQ:LQGRZ2SWLRQV

When not selected, the automatic hardcopy option is disabled and each plot will be
displayed only on the computer screen. After each plot is displayed, the program
pauses to enable you to examine the plot and to use the cursor and commands, if
desired. To continue to the next plot, accept the screen. Hardcopies of any single
plot displayed in this mode can be generated manually by pressing the printer on
the tool bar.
5%0YLHZ2SWLRQV7DE
Automatic Diagnostic Summary post to RBMview? - Automatically posts Diagnostic Summary information as a new Problem and/or Alarm to RBMview each
time you run the case.
Report Problem Information from RBMview? - allows the Nspectr program to
report equipment that have open Problems to ensure follow-up by the analyst. The
presence of open Problems will force analysis to be performed on these equipment
even if the data pass all pre-screening requirements.

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When this option is selected, the following setup screens are available.
6FUHHQLQJ2SWLRQV

Enable Trend Analysis? - enables the trend pre-screening criteria for the current
data (as defined by the alarms selected). The alarm criteria selected is tested against
the worst alarm found on the test data. To analyze data for any alarm, select all
alarms on the Trend Analysis tab.
Example: If you only want to analyze data on equipment that are in D alarm, then
select the D-Alarm on the Trend Analysis tab.
Enable Spectrum/Waveform Screening? - enables a narrow band envelope to be
constructed and compared to the current data. Selecting this option enables the
criteria to be applied (as defined by the menu entries).
0DLQ:LQGRZ2SWLRQV

Sort According to Deviation Scores: - when performing complete screening of a

database, area, or route, the order of analysis can be controlled by sorting
according to calculated deviation scores. After pre-screening is complete, diagnostic analysis is performed only on equipment that have failed the pre-screening
criteria selected. When this option is selected, the equipment that has the highest
deviation score is analyzed first, then the next highest score, etc. This process continues until all the equipment in the failed pre-screening list have been analyzed.
This helps to prioritize equipment according to a severity indication.
Output Exceptional Data: - enables an output to be generated. If either the trend
analysis or the narrow band envelope comparison produces exceptional data, the
information will be displayed.
7UHQG$QDO\VLV

These selections provide the following options. When an alarm is selected, Nspectr
will analyze the equipment that have a maximum alarm status of that level.
A-Alarm: - the projected vibration level will exceed the fault level within three measurement intervals.
Br/Bs-Alarm: - means that the early warning level has been exceeded.
C-Alarm: - the absolute alert level has been exceeded.

D-Alarm: - the absolute fault level has been exceeded.

W-Alarm: - the in-window alarm was tripped.
V-Alarm: - the measured parameter was outside the range specified for a valid
sensor reading.
Hi/Lo-Alarm: - the weak side alarm was tripped.
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When this Function bar (or Tools pulldown menu) option is selected (from the
Data Pre-Screening Criteria screen), the following screen will be displayed.
Generate Point Status Route Type: - select from these options:

Do Not Generate any Routes no route will be generated (according to
the alarm status of each point)
Exceptional Points Only generates a route consisting of all measurement points that are in alarm
Equipment with Exceptional Points generates a route consisting of all
measurement points by equipment with any point in alarm
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The new route will not be placed into the database until the prescreening is complete.
Spectral Data Storage Option: - select from these options:
No Data Stored no spectra will be stored
Store Data on High Status spectra will be stored on a high status
Store All Data all spectra will be stored
1RWH
Waveform Data Storage Option: - select from these options:
No Data Stored no waveform will be stored
Store Data on High Status waveforms will be stored on a high status
Store All Data all waveforms will be stored
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For an explanation, see Envelope Options Function Key on page 3-50.

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When this option is selected and accepted, the following screen will be displayed.
Data Type to Label: - controls the labelling of the diagnostic fault to Both Spectrum & Waveform, Spectral Plots Only, or Waveform Plots Only. This labelling will
be performed regardless of the Display options selected.
Faults to List on Plot: - controls the number of diagnostic faults that are placed in
the label (choose from the most deviant problem or the top three problems).
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If you choose the Top 3 Problems, and more than one problem is present, a
shortened form of the fault will be placed into the label. However, if only one
problem exists, the full length description will be used.
Label if Deviation Criteria >: - acceptable range is between 0 and 100. When
selected, the data will only be labeled when the fault severity exceeds the limit you
have selected. Any diagnosed fault(s) below the defined criteria will not be considered for labelling.
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Overwrite Existing Label: - when selected, the diagnosed fault will be written into
the label, regardless of its contents. When not selected, the diagnosed fault will only
be written into the label field if it is empty.
Mark This Data to be Saved: - select from these options:
Do Not Mark disables this option
Only on Overwrite only saves the data that has overwritten an
existing label field. In other words, if the data does not overwrite an
existing label field, it will not be saved.
Mark Always will save the data regardless of the status of the label
field.
For example, if a label already has been defined and you chose not to write over the
existing label, the data will not be tagged as saved. If mark always is selected, the
data will be tagged as saved regardless of the status of the label field.
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Other descriptions of Function bar options are as follows:
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Selecting this command advances you to the Definition of Global Parameters

window. See Definition of Global Parameters on page 3-41 for more information.
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This command takes you to the Tutorial for Additional Diagnostic Tests window.
See Additional Diagnostic Information on page 3-57 for more information.
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For more information on the Replay functions, see Preparing to Use Replay on
page 3-63.

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Allows modification of the quick configure defaults. When Nspectr does not have
a permanent configuration available for equipment that it is trying to analyze, it
uses the measurement point ID code to initiate its interpretation of the data. Before
analysis you will be presented with a set of configuration screens to verify based
upon Nspectr assumptions. If the measurement point ID code is different than the
preferred convention used by CSI, you can program Nspectr to improve its interpretation of the measurement point ID code by using this function.
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For more information, see Rerun Case on page 3-23.

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The Set Limits command (located on the Function Bar or Tools pulldown menu),
advances you to the Nspectr Analysis Limits Setup window.
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Severity Limit to Display: - Nspectr calculates a deviation score for every one of its
conclusions. It is based on the intensity level of the data features as compared to an
envelope limit value.
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The Severity Limit option enables you to select the minimum severity score of any
conclusion you are willing to consider. If Nspectr calculates a severity score equal to
or greater than this setting, it reports that fault. Any potential fault with a score less
than this value will be ignored.
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Important information may be lost when limiting the Diagnostic Summary by

severity. However, when faults are listed with small severity scores, it may be
desirable to have them removed from the list before displaying them. Low severity
scores indicate the limit has been exceeded by a small amount and may still be
within a safe operational region. You must exercise extreme care when using this
feature. CSI recommends that this level remain at 0.0 or, as low as possible.
Sort Diagnostic Output by: - Diagnostic output can be sorted in one of two ways,
Severity or Certainty Values. The mode selected will determine the primary sorting
criteria. The item not selected will be used for secondary sorting. The diagnostic
summary listing will be displayed in descending order according to the corresponding numerical values.
Allowable Interval Between Points (Minutes): - The speed and load on a constant
speed/constant load piece of equipment will vary slightly while data are being collected on all of the measurement points. If the changes in speed, load and the time
it takes to collect the data from one measurement point reading to another are not
considered in the analysis of the data, a misinterpretation of the data may occur.
Changes in speed and load are minimized during the data collection process by
minimizing the time delay between readings.
Nspectr will calculate the time difference between measurement point readings
and then determine if it has exceeded the allowable interval limit. If the Allowable
Interval Between Points has been exceeded, a statement will appear warning you
that Nspectrs analysis may not be correct due to the existence of multiple data sets
that match the selection criteria. Verify that the measurements selected for each
point are wanted, or modify the selection criteria appropriately.

Allowable Speed Difference Between Points: - Specifies the maximum allowable

speed difference between measurement point readings. The speed difference is
determined by comparing the measurement point speed to a normalized running
speed of all the points being analyzed. If the calculated difference exceeds the
allowable speed difference for a measurement point, then a warning will appear in
the diagnostic report to verify the speed and the fault.
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The system might select a smaller speed difference if all of the speeds
of the individual points are close to the normalized running speed of
the piece of equipment. If you do not want the system to calculate a
smaller difference, set this value to 60 RPM (1 Hz) or greater.
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A value of 60 RPM (1 Hz) or greater will decrease Nspectrs ability to report

points which might have incorrect running speeds. Turning speeds should be
checked at the data label and at the database measurement point if errors are in
turning speed measurements. Nspectrs diagnosis should not be trusted if the
RPM values are incorrect.
Spectral Crest Factor Limit: - the limit for the crest factor parameter calculated
from the spectral data. This limit will determine whether the value for the crest
factor if acceptable in the spectral data.
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Absolute Peak Acceleration: - the maximum peak amplitude limit for waveform
analysis. This limit provides the criteria to determine whether the peak amplitudes
are acceptable in the time waveform. The largest positive or negative peak found in
the waveform is compared to the limit to provide a measure of the excess vibration
occurring in the equipment.
Waveform Crest Factor Limit: - the limit for the crest factor parameter calculated
from the time waveform. This limit provides the criteria to determine whether the
value for the crest factor is acceptable in the time waveform. The largest crest factor
found (positive or negative side of waveform) is compared to this limit to provide
an indication of excess impacting in the equipment.
Multiplier of Waveform Parameter Alarms: - the ratio limit to be applied to the
waveform parameter values.
Multiplier of Overall Parameter Alarm: - the ratio limit to be applied to the overall
parameter.
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The Reset Limits command (located on the Function Bar or Tools pulldown
menu) will reset the limits to the default factory values.

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See Envelope Options Function Key on page 3-50 for a complete description of
this Function key.
To exit from this window, select OK or the Main Options icon from the Tool bar.
You will then be returned to the Nspectr main menu.
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To rerun a previously saved case, verify the name of the file that contains the case
after Save Setup to Rerun File (SeeAnalysis Options Tab on page 3-9). Select the
Rerun Case command (Function Bar or Tools pulldown menu) to see a list of
saved cases in that file. Highlight the case you want and click the OK button. You
will be returned to the main window showing the diagnostic options that were set
at the time that case was saved. You can rerun the case by accepting these diagnostic
options, or modify the options for a slightly different analysis. If desired, the modified
case can then be saved as previously described under Save Setup For Rerun Case?
(SeeAnalysis Options Tab on page 3-9).

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This option enables you to customize reports by selecting colors for different sections in reports and data listings.
0DLQ:LQGRZ2SWLRQV

There are four different color schemes: Black on White; User Defined; 3 Color
Alarm, or 5 Color Alarm. The color scheme is stored separately for each user on a
multi-user or network installation; however, only one scheme is implemented
across the applications in AMS Machinery Manager. Once a color scheme is
selected, it will be used in all of the programs that support its implementation.
For more information, see Report Text Color Setup in chapter 2 of the VibView
manual.

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Nspectr can display any or all of the items listed under the Display Options tab of
the main window. Specified items can be displayed along with the results of your
analysis by selecting the desired options. You can display these items on your
window and then send them to your printer or to a file. If none of the items are
selected, Nspectr will provide only bottom line diagnostic results and recommendations.
At the end of the diagnostic summary, many of the same display options are available for review. See Information on page 3-36 for more information.
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To be displayed, diagrams must be assigned to the equipment defined in the AMS
Machinery Manager database; Nspectr will not generate them for you. Refer to the
DBASE chapter in the AMS Machinery Manager Reference Manual for more
information about the assignment of diagrams.
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When you select this option, you will be asked to specify additional display options
on the Spectral Display Options window. When the spectrum is displayed, the keyboard cursor and commands operate the same as described in the AMS Machinery
Manager PlotData program.

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Display Associated Waveform Data: - select this option to view both the spectrum
and corresponding waveform (if available) on the window at the same time. Select
the plot by using the up and down arrow keys. The commands will be defined
according to the active plot.
List Peaks Below Spectrum: - select this option to include a list, following each
plot, of the highest peaks within the spectrum (up to the Number of Peaks to List).
Number of Peaks to List: - specifies the maximum number of peak values that will
be listed after the spectral plot is displayed. Enter 0 to exclude a listing of peak
values. Peaks with the largest values will be listed if the number of peaks present in
the spectrum exceed the maximum number to be listed.
Peaks Threshold (%FS): - specifies the lowest peak amplitude that will be listed
when using the Peak List command on the spectral plot. The value is entered as a
percentage of the full-scale value of the amplitude axis.
For example, with a full-scale value of 0.2 in/sec and a value of 5.0% for the Peak
Threshold, all peaks less than 0.01 in/sec (5% of 0.2 in/sec) will be excluded from
the peak listing. A value of 0 for Peak Threshold bypasses this function.

Label Peaks on Spectrum: - Select this option to place labels on the frequency
peaks of the plotted spectrum. The number of peaks that will actually be labeled is
determined by the Number of Peaks to Label and the Peaks Threshold variables.
Number of Peaks to Label: - Enter the number of spectral peaks to label on the
plot.
Limit Type to Plot: - Select this option to automatically include the warning, alert,
fault, or the envelope limits on each plot. If you choose None then no limit type
will be displayed. If you choose Warning, Alert, or Fault, then the selected
alarm limit level will be displayed along with the spectral data. If you choose Envelope, then a envelope profile will be generated and displayed.
Display Analysis Parameters: - can be used to select one of the following analysis
modes:
None - no analysis parameters will be displayed.
Stored Parameters - prints a separate list of the trend data stored by the
Data collector, the alarm values and the alarm status for each parameter
of the plotted measurement point.
Calculated Parameters - prints a separate list of amplitude values, alarm
levels, and alarm flags (if any) of each analysis parameter as calculated
from the plotted spectrum (if the parameters are located within the frequency range of the spectrum).
Display Fault Frequencies: - Select this option to display the fault frequencies on
the spectral plot.
Grid Lines on Plot: - Select this option to place a grid on the displayed spectrum.

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Units for Frequency Axis: - Select Hz, CPM or Orders (multiples of normalizing
frequency or running speed) for the frequency axis of the spectral plot.
Type of Frequency Axis: - specifies the type of scale, Linear or Log, that will be
used for the frequency axis of the displayed plot.
Fixed Frequency Scale Enabled: - When not selected, the program automatically
scales the frequency range of the plot. When selected, you can define the lower and
upper frequency values (in the units specified in Units for Frequency Axis) that will
be used for the plot.
Units for Amplitude Axis: - Specifies the units that will be used for the amplitude
axis of the plot. This allows vibration data to be numerically integrated or differentiated so that the spectrum can be displayed in different units than those of the
sensor from which it was measured. Select Stored Units to display the amplitude in
the same units stored by the Data Collector. Select Velocity, Displacement, or Acceleration to display the amplitude in units other than the stored units.

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If a fixed frequency or amplitude scale is being used and then the axis
units are changed, be sure to change the scales lower/upper values
to reflect the new units.
Type of Amplitude Axis: - This variable specifies the type of scale, Linear or Log,
that will be used for the amplitude axis of the plot. All dB variables will be plotted
on a linear scale regardless of what is selected for this item. The mode of the variables (RMS, PK, P-P, AVG, or dB) can be modified using the F2 (GLOBALS) function key.
Fixed Amplitude Scale Enabled: - When not selected, the program automatically
scales the amplitude range of the plot. When selected, you can define the lower and
upper amplitude values (using Units for Amplitude Axis) that will be used for the
plot.
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For an explanation, see Definition of Global Parameters on page 3-41.

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For an explanation, see Envelope Options Function Key on page 3-50.

After setting up the two tabs of spectral display options, click the OK button. The
diagnostic analysis will proceed based on the display option selected. As each measurement point is analyzed, its corresponding spectrum will be displayed if the spectral plots were enabled.
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This Function key option (also available from Tools pulldown menu) enables you
to back up and review the extracted features calculated from the displayed spectrum. For more information, see Extracted Features on page 3-33.
For information on the spectral display commands, see the PlotData chapter of the
VibView Technical Reference.
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After answering Yes to this option, you will be asked to specify additional display
options on the Waveform Display Options window. When the waveform is displayed, the keyboard cursor and commands operate the same as described in the
AMS Machinery Manager PlotData program.

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Display Associated Spectral Data: - This option enables you to view both the spectrum and corresponding waveform (if available) on the window at the same time.
Select thse plot by using the up and down arrow keys. The commands will be
defined according to the active plot.
Units for Time Axis: - Select Time or Revolutions.
Display Subset of Waveform? - Select this option to specify a time segment that
will be taken from the overall waveform, expanded, and then plotted. Depending
upon the units selected for Time Axis, the Start and Final position are entered
as a time value or a revolution number. When not selected, the waveforms entire
time span will be plotted.
Fixed Amplitude Scale Enabled?: - When not selected, the program automatically
scales the amplitude range of the plot. When selected, you can define the lower and
upper amplitude values (using the units specified in Units for Amplitude Axis) that
will be used for the plot.
Mark Normalizing Frequency? - Select this option to display vertical lines on the
plot at intervals corresponding to the specified normalizing frequency.
Display Alarm Levels? - Select this option to display the alarm levels on the plot.

Grid Lines on Plot? - Select this option to place a grid on the displayed waveform.
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Units for Amplitude Axis: - Select acceleration, velocity, displacement, or stored

units. The stored vibration waveform is then integrated or differentiated to present
data in the units you request.
Units for Filter Settings: - This sets the frequency units (Hz, CPM, or Orders) that
are applied to the filter settings specified in the table shown above.
Limit Included Frequencies: - This table specifies lower and upper cutoff frequencies. These frequencies are applied to the waveform data in specific units. This table
corresponds to applying a low pass and/or high pass filter to the data.

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To diagnose faults, Nspectr applies rules of logic to the measured vibration characteristics of a piece of equipment. Measured vibration data generally consist of
trended parameters, spectral data, and/or time waveforms measured at various
locations on the equipment. Specific numerical quantities significant to the quality
of equipment health may be extracted from this larger set of vibration data measurements.
These extracted features can be displayed and are useful in verifying that Nspectr
has obtained the correct equipment speed and is calculating values that agree with
what can be seen on graphical displays. Extracted features provide the link between the raw
collected data and the analysis process.
When the envelope exception analysis is displayed, any exceptional spectral peak
in the collected data that penetrates a superimposed narrow band envelope will be
reported.

Some spectral features are simple peak values and other features are very complex.
Several complex features are derived from combinations of the simple features.
Other complex features are dimensionless or based on theoretical computation of
the raw data. The table reports the value of the feature with its corresponding limit
criteria. When the limit is exceeded, a deviation score is calculated and reported.
Harmonic activity present in the data is also reported. They include exact subharmonic families, harmonic families (both synchronous and nonsynchronous), and
difference families (sideband activity).
When the waveform features are displayed, a simplified histogram is shown along
with other important waveform parameters.
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This is a list of information derived from the measurement points being analyzed.
The facts provide the link between the extracted features in the stored data and the
diagnostic rules. The diagnostic facts include the equipment design information,
extracted feature information, and additional diagnostic test data when provided.
The report not only displays the fact with its value, it also includes the confidence
(probability) of the fact along with its associated severity value.
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This option enables you to view the diagnostic rules for the measurement point. A
diagnostic rule is a collection of statements that define a particular equipment fault.
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The point diagnostics display shows the Nspectr diagnostic conclusions for each
individual measurement point analysis.
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This report provides a quick review of the dates and the calculated speed of the
equipment.

If an unusual amount of time elapses between measurements (DT-SEC column), a

T is displayed in the flag column. This means that the program may not have
selected the corresponding measurements for each point due to the existence of
multiple data sets that match the selection criteria, or too much time had elapsed
and the equipment may have changed mechanical conditions. This may or may
not be a problem.
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Speed will be shown as RPS or RPM depending on the way you have
set it up.
The RPM (RPS) column shows the running speed for that point. The RPM/FAC
is the normalized running speed and should be consistent for all measurement
points across the equipment. The RPM step is the difference between the speed at
one point and the next point. The RPM-MEAN is the difference between this
points speed and the mean running speed.
If a point has a large deviation from the mean, an S will be displayed in the flag
column. This indicates that the RPM associated with this point is suspect and the
suggested faults should be carefully examined.
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Turning this option off only stops the table from being displayed
during the analysis. The Date and Speed analysis will still be performed.

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After the fault diagnosis is displayed, several options are available for additional
review. Click an option on the toolbar or the Tools menu, and a popup window is
displayed.

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Full Explanations /Brief Diagnostics: - enables you to switch between a full explanation listing and a short explanation listing of the Diagnostic Summary. To switch
between the two, select the Information button and highlight either Full Explanations or Brief Diagnostics, then select the OK button in the Information dialog box.
Display Diagnostic Facts: - enables you to review all the pertinent facts related to
a selected measurement point.
Display Diagnostic Rules: - enables you to review the diagnostic rule(s) for a
selected measurement point that produced the diagnostic results.
Display Extracted Features: - enables you to review the extracted features for a
selected measurement point.
Display Spectral Plot: - enables you to review a spectral plot for a selected measurement point.

To operate any of these four options, first click on the Information button. Next,
select one of the options from the Information dialog box. Then, click on the OK
button and the Point Selection dialog box below appears.

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Now, select a measurement point from the list and click on the OK button in this
dialog box. Finally, to return to the Diagnostic Summary, click on the Check Mark
button in the Toolbar or the OK button in the right hand corner of the screen.
Sort by Certainty Value/Sort by Severity: - enables you to switch between sorting
by certainty and sorting by severity values. To switch between the two, select the
Information button and from the Information dialog box highlight either Sort by
Certainty Value or Sort by Severity, then select the OK button in the dialog box.
Review Date/Speed Analysis: - enables you to review the date and speed analysis
for the current equipment. To return to the Diagnostic Summary, click on the
Check Mark button in the Toolbar or the OK button in the right hand corner of
the screen.
Review Configuration: - enables you to review the current equipment configuration. To return to the Diagnostic Summary, click on the Check Mark button in the
Toolbar or the OK button in the right hand corner of the screen.

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Selecting any of the lines that list a fault will provide some additional quick diagnostic detail. Highlight a line, then click on the Fault Details button and this dialog
box appears.

Highlight one of the options and press the OK button. Additional information
appears on your screen. The following list explains the options.
Extended Explanation: - provides additional information about the highlighted
fault. This can also include possible recommended actions.
Rule Supporting Fault: - displays the particular rule that supports the highlighted
fault.
Measurement Point Plot: - displays the spectral plot of the first measurement point
listed for the highlighted fault. This is also the point that exhibits the highest
severity for the highlighted fault.
When finished with an option, press the OK button to return to the Diagnostic
Summary.
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This report expands the information given for the Diagnostic Summary. The
report includes:
Problem classification (position problem, coupling problem, shaft
problem, etc.)
Specific fault severity score
Measured points that exhibit this fault
Description of the fault

Possible corrective action

Probability (in percent)
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Nspectr has the ability to determine when a diagnosis can be improved with more
data, and it can tell you what data should be supplied. When not selected, Nspectr
will not inform you that the diagnosis could be improved if you supplied more data.
When selected, Nspectr will tell you when its analysis can be improved, and what
data to supply.
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Nspectr analyzes all data features that exceed their limit criteria. When exceptional
features exist that do not support any analytical logic, they become unidentified
information. When selected, Nspectr warns the user that this condition exists.

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Nspectr always gives a diagnostic summary at the end of the analysis, regardless of
the options being displayed. The program takes all faults found at each measurement point and adjusts the certainties accordingly. This is based on the number of
points that show a particular fault and the fault classifications. Faults are displayed
in descending order of severity or certainty (user selectable from the Set Limits
menu).
The summary is presented in a brief format. The information provided by this
report includes:
Equipment identification and description from AMS Machinery Manager
The knowledge base version number
The basis used for fault amplitudes
The date range of the analyzed data
Measured points that exhibit the fault
Short fault descriptions
Severity Score (0-100) & Certainty (in percent)

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Use the Globals command (Tools menu or Function Bar) to access the Definition
of Global Parameters window. As you click on one of the four headings, 1) RPM
Options, 2) Plot Options, or 3) Engr. Units, options for that selection will be displayed. These dialog boxes can be used to alter program characteristics that affect
some of the various displays.
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Format for Speed Values: - select RPS or RPM to display the machine speed in
either Revolutions Per Second (Hz) or Revolutions Per Minute (RPM).
RPM Confidence Factor: - establishes a confidence interval around the RPM
stored with the spectral data. This limits the range of the search (used by the algorithm) to precisely locate the RPM based on the peaks that are present.
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This factor determines the frequency range of the computers search as a percentage of the specified running speed. A higher confidence factor (ranging from
0 to 3) results in a narrower frequency range. If a reference spectrum is available,
the algorithm attempts to correlate the peaks in the spectrum of interest with those
in the reference spectrum. When this correlation technique cannot be employed,
the program searches within the frequency range for the fundamental frequency
of a harmonic family of peaks in which several of the lower-order harmonics are
present. If both techniques are unsuccessful, then the originally specified speed is
used.
Locate the RPM of Spectra If ...: - causes global changes in the way data from this
database is displayed, depending on which of the following options you select.
Previously Unlocated? - locates the RPM of the Spectrum (selected
with an X is the normal setting). If the RPM of a spectrum has not
been located (by any means), the software will use an algorithm to
locate it.
Located by Algorithm? - recalculates the RPM of the spectra located
by the algorithm (normally not selected). If the spectra has previously
had the RPM calculated by the algorithm, selecting this option will
cause the algorithm to recalculate the RPM.
Measured from Tach? - recalculates the RPM of the spectra located by
a tach (normally not selected). If a spectrum has previously had the
RPM calculated by a tach, selecting Yes will cause the algorithm to
recalculate the RPM.
Manually set by User? - recalculates the RPM of any spectra that was
manually set by the user (normally not selected). If a spectra has previously had the RPM entered by the user, selecting this option will cause
the algorithm to recalculate the RPM.
Save any Modified RPM? - saves an RPM that is modified by any means (when
executing Diagnostic Plotting).
Save any Modified Spectrum Label? - saves any Label that is modified by the user.
Save Waveform Label/RPM? - allows you to update the waveform data set label
and RPM with the altered label and RPM. The options are:
Do Not Change - will not save altered label or RPM.

Update Separately - will save altered label and RPM independently of

changes to the label and RPM of the corresponding spectral data.
Link to Spectrum - will save altered label and RPM and change the
label and RPM for the spectra also.

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Plots Per Printed Page: - When using a line printer to generate hardcopies of plots,
this variable specifies the number of plots that will be printed per page. Valid entries
are 1 - 5. This does not guarantee that the number of plots entered will be printed
on a single page. That depends upon the Vertical Plot Size (%) and page options.
More than three plots per page is probably not practical.
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You can send a manual form feed command to the printer at any
time (while printing) by simultaneously pressing the Control and
Page Down keys.
Vertical Plot Size (%): - used to change the height of the printed plots, and is specified as a percentage of a full page (100% will entirely fill a page). Valid entries are
20 - 100. This option is used primarily to modify the vertical plot size when printing
more than two plots per page.

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Examples: Selecting two Plots Per Printed Page and a Vertical Plot
Size of 50% would produce two plots that use one full page. Selecting
three Plots Per Printed Page and a Vertical Plot Size of 33% would
produce three plots that use one full page. Selecting two Plots Per
Printed Page and Vertical Plot Size of 25% would produce two plots
that use one half of a page.
Darkness of Grid Lines (%): - range is 0 to 100%. This option allows you to darken
or lighten the plot grid lines to match your preference. As the number is increased,
the line becomes darker.
Format of Plot Titles: - selects the format that is used to display the titles at the top
of the plots. The first line is on the first page and the second line is on the second
page. You should choose the format which most easily identifies the plot to you.
The three selections are as follows:

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No. of Harmonic Markers: - specifies the number of harmonic markers (in addition to the fundamental marker) that will be displayed on the plot when using the
cursors harmonic mode. Valid entries are 5 - 100.
No. of Sideband Markers: - specifies the number of sideband markers (on each
side of the SetMark frequency) that will be displayed on the plot when using the
cursors sideband mode. Valid entries are 2 - 30.

No. of Waveform Markers: - specifies the number of waveform harmonic markers

(on each side of the fundamental marker) that will be displayed on a waveform plot
when using the cursors harmonic mode. Valid entries are 5 - 100.
Maximum Spectra on Plots: - allows you to specify the maximum number of
spectra to display on multiple spectra plots (maximum of 18).
Maximum Waveforms on Plots: - allows you to specify the maximum number of
spectra to display on multiple spectra plots (maximum of 8).
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The number of lines for displaying a multiple spectra plot varies from
6400 lines if two spectra are specified, to only 800 lines when the maximum of 18 spectra are specified. Similarly, multiple waveform plots
are shortened in time when the maximum eight waveform are specified.
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Electrical Line Frequency (HZ): - Enter your line frequency in Hz; normal values
are 50 or 60 Hz.
Number of Peaks to Locate: - Enter the total number of peaks from the spectrum
that are to be analyzed.

Peak Threshold: - This value establishes an amplitude level that determines which
peaks will be analyzed; peaks below the Threshold Value will be ignored. Enter the
Threshold Value as a percentage below the fullscale reading of the spectrum.
Fault Frequency Source: - Fault frequency lines can be generated either from a
Point Fault Frequency Setup (DBASE) or from an Equpment Configuration setup
(Component Design Studio.) Select the desired default fault frequency source.
Fault Frequency Format: - Controls the way that fault frequencies are displayed on
the spectral or waveform plots (via the Fault Frequencies function key.) The
choices are:
Dotted Lines Only - Fault frequency overlays will show dotted lines at the
fault frequency locations and a fault identification list to the right of the
plot.
Value Labels Only - Fault frequency overlays will show the fault identification list along with the actual frequency values.
Both Values and Lines - Overlays will show both the dotted lines and the
fault identification list with the frequency values.
Assigned Parameter Set: / Assigned Alarm Limit Set: - These two fields with the
Analyze Data option available on the Function Bar in the spectral plot window
(Stored Parameters and Calculate Parameters options.) Enter the ID of the set to
be used to calculate and display analysis parameters with spectral data. The default
value of 0 causes the set assignes in the database to be used.
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If a Parameter Set is assigned, then only Calculate Parameters will

alter the parameter values. If only an Alarm Parameter Set is assigned,
then both Stored Parameters and Calculate Parameters will use this
set. If both a Parameter Set and an Alarm Set are assigned, then only
Calculate Parameters will use both sets in its analysis.

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Acceleration - allows you to set the default mode of the acceleration data.
Velocity - allows you to set the default mode of the velocity data.
Displacement - allows you to set the default mode of the Displacement data.
Sound Pressure - allows you to set the default mode of the Sound Pressure data.
General Dynamic - allows you to set the default mode of the General Dynamic
data.
HFD - allows you to set the default mode of the HFD data.
Motor Current - allows you to set the default mode of the Motor Current data.
Motor Flux - allows you to set the default mode of the Motor Flux data.
Shaft Voltage - allows you to set the default mode of the Shaft Voltage data.
Shaft Current - allows you to set the default mode of the Shaft Current data.

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As previously described, these fields are used to define the data format that will be
used for the units of the amplitude axis of spectral/waveform plots. The five unit
types are:

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This is used to temporarily define the values that will be used as a reference for 0
dB. The default values are set in the Global Options (in DBASE) and are reset each
time Diagnostic Plotting is run.
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This setting determines whether frequency is displayed in Hz or CPM.

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Clicking on Envelope Opt brings up the following screen.
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The options for the first tab of this menu are described as follows.
Primary Source Selected: - the entry shown here indicates whether the primary
source for creating envelope alarm limits will be the External Envelope File or the
Reference Spectrum Envelope established at each measurement position. If no
valid envelope limit can be located in the External Envelope File (when this is the
primary source), an envelope limit will be constructed from the Reference Spectrum for that measurement position.
The actual type of envelope alarm limit constructed will be labeled on the spectral
plot when the Alarm Limits -Envelope option is selected on plot window. The labels
that can occur are:
(1) Statistical Envelope - constructed by applying the statistical envelope construction options to a statistical envelope that is read from the
external envelope file (which can only be created by using Autostat).
(2) Modified Stat Envelope - derived from statistical data and then
modified (by the user) and stored in the external envelope file.

(3) User-Defined Envelope - manually created by the user and stored

in the external envelope file.
(4) Mean Spectrum Envelope - constructed using the mean value of the
envelope stored in the external envelope file and, the options specified
for constructing Reference Envelopes that were applied to those mean
values. This was done because there were not enough samples (< 20)
in the statistical data to establish valid standard deviation values.
(5) Reference Envelope - constructed by applying the Reference Envelope construction options to the tagged Reference Spectrum.
(6) Previous Spectrum Envelope - constructed by applying the Reference Envelope construction options specified to the Previous (by date
and time) Spectrum.
(7) Reference Env/Prf-Xxx - constructed by applying the Reference
Envelope construction options specified to the tagged Reference Spectrum (or first spectrum if no Reference is tagged) where the Profiler
Alarm Override has been applied. The Profiler Alarm Level is specified by Xxx which can be Min (minimum), Std (standard), or Max
(maximum). The profiler provides some additional constraints on the
envelope that may be desirable when no acceptable Reference Spectrum exists for this equipment.
(8) Previous Env/Prf-Xxx - constructed by applying the Reference
Envelope construction options specified to the Previous (by date and
time) Spectrum where the Profiler Alarm Override has been applied.
The Profiler Alarm level is specified by Xxx which can be Min (minimum), Std (standard), or Max (maximum). The profiler provides some
additional constraints on the envelope that may be desirable when no
acceptable Reference exists for this equipment.
Construct Envelope From: - determines which spectrum will be used to create the
envelope. Choose between the Reference Spectrum and the Previous Spectrum.
Reference Spectrum: - the envelope is created using either the firstsaved spectrum or the spectrum that is tagged as the reference.
Previous Spectrum: - the envelope is created using the spectrum previous (by date and time) to the one being examined.

Envelope Window Type: - determines the method used to define the envelope
windows throughout the spectrum. The Fixed Delta method uses a defined
number of lines of resolution for each envelope window. All windows are exactly
the same size. The Fixed Percent method uses a fraction of the frequency as a basis
for the width of the windows used in the envelope. The larger the frequency, the
larger the window.
Width (Lines/Percent): - defines the width of the envelope windows. If a Fixed
Delta has been selected, enter the desired width in number of lines of resolution
(five lines minimum). Each line is equal to f which is Fmax divided by the total
number of lines. If Fixed Percent has been selected, enter the desired width in percent.
Maximum Percent Alarm: - based on a percentage of the highest amplitude within
the window.
Envelope Alarm Units: - defines the units (Velocity Units or Percent Alert) that will
be used to specify the Maximum Delta and Maximum Absolute alarm levels as
Velocity units or as a percent of the overall Alert level.
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An appropriate alarm level for each envelope window is established

by first selecting the lowest alarm level resulting from the following
criteria.
Maximum Absolute Alarm: - an absolute amplitude value that does not change
with the window amplitude value.
Maximum Delta Alarm: - obtained from the result of the entered value plus the
highest amplitude within the window.
Minimum Absolute Alarm: - an absolute amplitude value that does not change
Minimum Delta Alarm: - obtained from the result of the entered value plus the
lowest amplitude within the window.

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The selected alarm level is then established as the envelope alarm

level as long as its value is greater than the Minimum Absolute Alarm
which specifies the minimum alarm level permitted for this spectrum.
Profiler Alarm Level: - Profile alarm levels are generated by applying an orderbased shaping factor to the Alert value specified for the overall value for this point.
This provides an absolute alarm level to be applied to each frequency as a maximum limit that the envelope will not be allowed to exceed (or in frequency ranges
not covered by the reference spectrum). Toggling between Minimum, Standard,
and Maximum allows you to specify a profile of progressively larger amplitudes.
Profiler Alarm Override: (Yes/No) - The profile alarm level is applied to set or
place a maximum value on each frequency range in the envelope spectrum. This
is always done when no Reference Spectrum has been selected or when the Reference Spectrum does not cover the frequency range of the spectrum being tested
(for penetrations). The Profiler Alarm Override field allows you to force the profile
alarm level to be applied even when a Reference Spectrum is defined.
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The options for the second tab of this menu are described as follows.
Primary Source Selected: see Primary Source Selected on page 3-50.
Envelope Window Type: - determines the method used to define the envelope
windows throughout the spectrum. The Fixed Delta method uses a defined
number of lines for each envelope window. All windows are exactly the same size.
The Fixed Percent method uses a fraction of the frequency as a basis for the width
of the windows used in the envelope. The larger the frequency, the larger the
window.
Width (Lines/Percent): - defines the width of the envelope windows. If a Fixed
Delta has been selected, enter the desired width in number of lines of resolution
(five lines minimum). Each line is equal to f which is Fmax divided by the total
number of lines. If Fixed Percent has been selected, enter the desired width in percent.
Standard Deviation Alarm: - specifies the number of standard deviations to add to
the mean spectral data. These calculations are performed individually for each line in the
spectral data.
Maximum Percent Alarm: - based on a percentage of the highest amplitude within
the window.
Envelope Alarm Units: - defines the units (Velocity Units or Percent Alert) that will
be used to specify the Maximum Delta and Maximum Absolute alarm levels as
Velocity units or as a percent of the overall Alert level.
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An appropriate alarm level for each envelope window is established

by first selecting the lowest alarm level resulting from the following
criteria:
Maximum Absolute Alarm: - an absolute amplitude value that does not change
Maximum Delta Alarm: - obtained from the result of the entered value plus the
highest amplitude within the window.
Minimum Absolute Alarm: - an absolute amplitude value that does not change

Minimum Delta Alarm: - defines the minimum amount of change between the
test spectrum and the reference (or mean) spectrum value that must exist before
an alarm condition is indicated. This test is applied independently for each window
interval in the envelope limit.
1RWH
The selected alarm level is then established as the envelope alarm

level as long as its value is greater than the Minimum Absolute Alarm
which specifies the minimum alarm level permitted for this spectrum.
Profiler Alarm Level: - Profile alarm levels are generated by applying an orderbased shaping factor to the Alert value specified for the overall value for this point.
This provides an absolute alarm level to be applied to each frequency as a maximum limit that the envelope will not be allowed to exceed (or in frequency ranges
not covered by the reference spectrum). Toggling between Minimum, Standard,
and Maximum allows you to specify a profile of progressively larger amplitudes.
Profiler Alarm Override: (Yes/No) - The profile alarm level is applied to set or
place a maximum value on each frequency range in the envelope spectrum. This
is always done when no Reference Spectrum has been selected or when the Reference Spectrum does not cover the frequency range of the spectrum being tested
(for penetrations). The Profiler Alarm Override field allows you to force the profile
alarm level to be applied even when a Reference Spectrum is defined.
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Reset Limits - resets the parameter values to their default values.

Switch Source - allows you to toggle between using an external envelope
file or reference spectrum envelope as the source for envelope construction.
Recall Setup - brings up the two user-defined envelope definition parameter sets. One of these two can be selected to replace the current parameter
values.
Save Setup - allows two user-defined envelope generation parameter sets
to be stored. A thirty character description can be entered, describing the
significance of the saved set.

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The plot scaling units provide default fixed scale values for all units defined in AMS
Machinery Manager that will be used when the user requests that a fixed scale be
applied to the plots, but does not provide any scaling values in the options menus
for that particular plot.
The plot scaling units are applied and can be specified independently for Spectral
and Waveform plots. The scaling units have no impact on trend plots. For single
spectral plots, these is a special case where the Full Scale Range Variable in the point
setup will be used if is non-zero.

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If you have questions about how to acquire additional diagnostic data, select the
Test Tutor command on the main window. Nspectr presents all the available tutorials on a tabbed window.

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Nspectr can provide special forms for recording additional diagnostic test data.
The forms are structured to record data that Nspectr will accept. It is recommended that you print and review these forms to see what kind of data would be
appropriate for enhanced Nspectr diagnoses. To get the form needed, select the
diagnostic test tab and press the Data Form button. The data form is displayed in
the online Special Test Tutorial help. Press the Print button to print the form.
For component specific forms, select the appropriate tab and press the desired
Data Form button.

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The Nspectr Tutorial provides extra information for all the additional diagnostic
tests. After pressing the Description and Explanation button, the Special Test Tutorial is displayed in a separate window. The tutorial information includes the purpose of the test, the method of performing the test, and explanation of the
measured results for the specific test. You can also navigate around the tutorial
using the Contents, Index, or Search tools provided.

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When this option is selected, Nspectr pauses at each shaft during its analysis to
enable you to enter additional diagnostic test data. The following sections describe
each question that is available.
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Does the vibration signal beat? - Select Yes, No or Unknown. The vibration
signal is BEATING if the envelope formed by connecting the positive
peaks in the waveform and the envelope formed by connecting the negative
peaks vary cyclically in amplitude and are out of phase.

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What is the orbit shape? - Select from the list of orbit shapes:
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How does the vibration increase after start? - Describe how the vibration
behaves after startup. GRADUAL means from 5 minutes (loaded) to 1 hour
(unloaded). QUICK means a steady rise to unacceptable levels within a few
minutes or so. However, the rise may take an hour or so before it starts to
occur.

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Enter vibration amplitude and speed for 2 points on the coastdown curve Enter values in the fields and select the amplitude units.
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Speed where the amplitude first peaks during coastdown - On the coastdown curve, determine the speed of the first (lowest in frequency) major
critical of the system. Enter the value in the field.
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Describe the vibration decrease response when power is removed? - Describe

how the vibration behaves afer removng ower. INSTANTANEOUS means an
immediate drop in the vibration level to an acceptable sate when power is removed.
GRADUAL means a steady drop in vibration as the equipment slows down.
QUICK means the drop in vibration is still present when power is removed, but
quickly decreases to acceptable levels within a few seconds.

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Radial Phase Readings in Degrees - Enter the horizontal and vertical

1xRPM phase readings for both bearings on the current shaft and for the
bearing closest to the coupling on the next or previous shaft.
Axial Phase Readings in Degrees - Enter the 1xRPM axial phase readings
taken at four equally spaced locations around the shaft at each bearing on
the current shaft, for example TOP, BOTTOM, LEFT, and RIGHT.
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Physical Observations Tab
Is the equipment abnormally noisy? - Provide a qualitative evaluation of

the noise generated by the equipment in its present condition as compared
to previous operation under normal conditions.
Is the noise periodic or pulsating? - Enter Yes, No, or Unknown.
Period in seconds: - If you answer yes to the preceding question, enter
the value in the field. Count the noise pulses with a stop watch or on an
oscilloscope. For more accuracy, you should time several cycles (say
10) and divide the time by the number of cycles.
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Does the motor have difficulty reaching its normal speed? - Provide a qualitative evaluation based upon previous start-ups for this motor.
Is the vibration level dependent on the voltage level? - Compare vibration
data taken at two or more different voltage levels. Does the amplitude of
the significant peaks change by 15% or more with voltage changes of a
similar magnitude.

Is the vibration measured on the feet of the motor high?- A routine PDM
program usually does not include vibration measurements on the feet of a
motor. High vibrations on the feet would typically have an overall velocity
amplitude of 0.15 ips or more.
Is the line frequency vibration present only during the start and then disappears or reduces in magnitude?- Provide a qualitative evaluation based
upon previous start-ups for this motor. Normally line frequency vibration
is present at all times. AYES response means that the line frequency component decreases by 15% or more as the motor reaches running speed.
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Actual flowrate (gpm/lpm):- Enter the actual flowrate through the unit. If
the flowrate is unknown then leave the value at 0.0.
Does the pump sound like rocks are going through it? - Provide a qualitative evaluation for the pump sound.

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To use the Replay Utility, Nspectrs diagnostic results must be saved into a disk file.
This file is shown on the Analysis Options tab of the Automated Diagnostic Analysis
Options screen (the main Nspectr window). The Archive Current Diagnosis
option must be set before the analysis is performed. You must also specify an
archive file name.

After Replay Diag has been selected, Nspectr reads the information in the Archive
file. If the data file does not exist, a message will appear stating that the file could
not be found, and asks for a new filename.
The next window displayed shows all the equipment that has been analyzed and
stored in the archive file.

To replay a range of diagnostic summaries, highlight the starting piece of equipment and click the OK button. Then highlight and accept the ending piece of
equipment.

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To replay the point diagnostics for a piece of equipment, select the Point Faults
command. This listing can be a brief or full explanation, depending on the setup
of the Full Explain option.
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This option toggles between pausing between selected equipment during output
or not pausing and listing all the diagnostic summaries selected before stopping.
The active setting is listed in the heading of the window.
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This option toggles between a full and brief diagnosis of the selected equipment. A
full diagnosis is shown on the next page. A brief diagnosis shows the key point(s),
the problem and the certainty assigned by Nspectr.

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This option enables you to remove any case in the list that has been saved in the
Archive file. This only deletes the diagnostic summary information for the highlighted item in the Archive file.
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This option allows you to delete specific faults for a particular piece of equipment.
To delete a specific fault, select an equipment case and click the Remove Fault
button. All faults for this equipment case will be listed. Highlight the desired fault
to remove and click the OK button. To return to the equipment list, click the Finished button.

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A measure of the rate of change of velocity of an object, usually measured in gs (1

g represents the acceleration due to gravity). The sensor used to measure acceleration is the accelerometer.
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The study of the characteristics of sound.

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An indication that the vibration characteristics of a machine have changed in a significant manner.
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Amplitude levels which define an alarm condition on the machine being monitored.
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An alarm limit calculated by the MasterTrend software which indicates that a

machine is approaching failure. Designated as a C alarm in reports.
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An effect that results in erroneous frequency spectra when the frequency of the
signal being sampled is more than 0.5 times the sampling rate. CSI analyzers
include anti-aliasing filters that eliminates these errors.
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Increasing signal amplitude by a desired amount in order to facilitate further processing of the signal.
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Indicates the strength (magnitude in RMS, peak, peak-to-peak, average, or D.C.) of

a measured signal.
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A method for converting a signal proportional to acceleration to the equivalent

velocity signal, or converting a signal proportional to velocity to the equivalent displacement signal. Analog integration is superior to the equivalent digital method
because it produces a better estimate of low-frequency components in the vibration
spectrum, and improves dynamic range.
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Divides the frequency spectrum into bands that are individually measured and analyzed.
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Includes up to 12 individual analysis parameters, and also contains instructions that

tell the machinery analyzer how to acquire data.
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The process of automatically adjusting the input instrumentation amplifier of the

analyzer to match the amplitude of the vibration signal. This process results in
increased dynamic range.
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A method of collecting data in which the mean levels over a number of spectral
measurements minimize the influence of random noise fluctuations.
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A frequency shaping method that can be applied to a spectra based upon the frequency response of the human ear. The resulting spectra represents the loudness
of the various levels as they would appear to the human ear.
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The analysis frequency range, from lowest to highest, over which data will be collected. Bandwidth is specified with a minimum and maximum frequency.
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A reference spectrum, usually the first spectra collected on a measurement point.

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Unit of speed for data transmission over a serial communications link.
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Database size is specified in blocks. One block = 0.5 Kilobytes.

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For rolling element bearings, the ball pass frequency (inner), a defect in the inner
race of a bearing.
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For rolling element bearings, the ball pass frequency (outer), a defect in the outer
race of a bearing.
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Bearing ball spin frequency for rolling element bearings.

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The procedure by which instruments and transducers are checked and adjusted in
order to obtain accurate readings.
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The unit of frequency in cycles per minute. Equal to Hz x 60.

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The ratio of peak to RMS levels of a signal. A single-frequency signal has a crest
factor of 1.414; random noise has a crest factor of approximately 3; signals with
impulsive content have higher crest factor values. The crest factor can be used to
check for impacting, such as caused by rolling bearing defects.
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A manually controlled marker that can be moved across a spectrum or waveform

plot display indicating time or frequency and amplitude at the cursor location.
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The units that are used to display the measured data. The analyzer can display data
in the sensors units (no conversion), or vibration sensor units can be converted to
acceleration, velocity, or displacement.
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(decibels) a relative, logarithmic unit which can be used when measuring signal
amplitude, defined as follows:

where: X is the quantity being measured

Xref is a standard reference value of that quantity
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The techniques by which machine problems are identified and analyzed.

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A method of converting acceleration to velocity or velocity to displacement by first

collecting the spectral data and then digitally converting the spectra at each frequency. Digital integration is less desirable than analog integration as it produces
low-frequency components within the spectra. Digital integration is included in
MasterTrend to be compatible with data collected with the Model 2100 Machinery
Analyzer.
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Refers to the distance that an object moves, usually considered to be the overall
range of movement; measured in mils or microns. Displacement is often measured
from eddy current probes and represents the physical movement of a rotating shaft
relative to its supporting bearing.
Sometimes accelerometers or velocity probes are used, and the data are integrated
into displacement. In this case, movement represents the displacement of the
machine casing where the probe is mounted.
'ULYHUV
System software that enables the operation of the MasterTrend program modules.
A diskette containing the drivers is provided with all CSI software.
*
(QYHORSH:LQGRZV
Used in envelope detection to divide a spectrum into multiple bands to establish

alarm levels.
))7
Fast Fourier Transform; an efficient computational process which allows the conversion of a signals time waveform into a frequency spectrum.
)DXOW
An alarm level which indicates that a machine or component has failed. Designated as a D alarm in reports.
)DXOW)UHTXHQF\6HW
A set of pre-defined frequencies where mechanical faults are expected to occur.

)LOWHU
A device which removes certain frequencies from a signal while preserving the rest
of the signal.
)LUPZDUH
A term referring to the internal software that controls or instructs the functions of
the analyzer.
)UHTXHQF\
Number of times an event repeats in a unit of time; usually expressed in hertz (Hz)
or cycles per minute (CPM).
)XQGDPHQWDO)UHTXHQF\
The frequency of the peak from which related harmonics are referenced. 1xRPM
is an example of a fundamental frequency.
JV
The unit of measure for acceleration; 1 g is defined as the acceleration due to

gravity at sea level.
*HDU0HVK)UHTXHQF\
Asynchronous vibration frequency associated with each pair of meshing gears. Calculated by RPM divided by 60 times the number of teeth on a particular gear.
*
*OREDO
A change or changes made to the entire database.

+DQQLQJ
Type of window applied to waveform data before frequency analysis; used to prevent peaks in a frequency spectrum from spreading out due to a phenomenon
called leakage. The Hanning window is recommended for most frequency analysis
measurements where the signal is steady-state.
+DUPRQLF
An integer multiple of a fundamental frequency f0 (example 2f0, 3f0, 4f0, etc.).

+DUPRQLF0DUNHU
A box marker that appears on a spectrum display to indicate the harmonic peaks
of a fundamental peak.
+HUW]+]
The unit of frequency in cycles per second.

+)'
High-frequency detection; the amplitude of vibration in gs over a broad frequency

band from 5 kHz up to 20 kHz or greater.
,&0
Influence Coefficient Method; the method used by the BALICM program to calculate balancing solutions.
,QVWDOO8SGDWH
A disk that is used to update the protected install disk to a later version. This disk is
not to be used to install CSI software products. (See protected install.)
/LQHV
The number of lines of resolution used for the spectrum calculation. Resolution
(in Hz) equals maximum frequency divided by the number of Lines.
/RFDO'DWD
Data taken in the off-route mode of the machinery analyzer.
*
0HDVXUHPHQW3RLQW
Any location or point on a machine where measurements are made.

0LFURQV
A metric unit of measurement (one millionth of a meter).

0LOV
A unit of measure for displacement (one thousandth of an inch).

0RGHP
A device that enables remote communications between the host computer and a
machinery analyzer over telephone lines.
0RGXODWLRQ
Instantaneous variations in a signals characteristics. May be amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM) modulation.
0XOWLSODQH%DODQFLQJ
A method of balancing a machine that allows the measurement of the imbalance

weights at several planes along the shaft of the machine. Correction weights are
then added in each of these planes. Multiplane Balancing, as opposed to single
plane balancing, is usually required when a machine has several rotating elements,
such as flywheels, tightly coupled on a shaft and closely spaced.
1RWHV
Specific observations that can be stored on the measurement point of a machine

along with the collected data.
These observations can be predefined notes from the MasterTrend database, user
defined notes that have been created via the keypad on the machinery analyzer, or
a combination of the two methods.
2FWDYH
Method of measuring a signal by measuring the signal levels within a set of bandpass filters that have a bandwidth of 1/3 octave.
2II5RXWH
A mode that allows the collection and storage of data on measurement points that
are not defined in the downloaded route.
*
2UGHUV
Multiples of machine turning speed (1xRPM, 2xRPM, 3xRPM, etc.).

3HDN
The largest signal level seen in a waveform over a period of time. For sinusoidal signals, the peak signal level is always 1.414 times the RMS value of the signal level. For
non-sinusoidal signals, the peak level is often larger than the result that this formula
would produce.
3HDNWR3HDN
The difference between the maximum and minimum signal levels over a period of
time. For a pure sinusoidal signal, the peak-to-peak level is two times the peak signal
level and 2.828 times the RMS value of the signal level. For non-sinusoidal signals,
the peak-to-peak level is often larger than the result this formula would produce.
3HULRG
Time required to complete one cycle in a periodic signal.

3KDVH
1xRPM phase represents the location of the shaft of a machine in degrees (0 - 360)
with respect to the tachometer pulse where the largest vibration occurs.
3ODQH
Designates one or more of the rotating elements of a machine that is to be balanced. Each plane lies perpendicular to the line that defines the axis of rotation.
3RLQW
Any location on a machine where measurements are made; used interchangeably

with measurement point.
3RODU3ORW
A type of graph that displays data in polar coordinates.

3UHGLFWLYH0DLQWHQDQFH
Technology of periodically monitoring the actual condition of machines to discover faults, to determine probable time of breakdown, and to provide scheduled
downtime for repair that avoids excess cost and lost production.
*
3URWHFWHG,QVWDOO
Serialized install disk used to install CSI software.

5HDO7LPH
Continuously updated data or plot, such as an FFT spectrum.

506
The magnitude of a signal calculated or measured by the root mean square

method. Equal to 0.707 times the peak value for a pure sinusoidal signal.
5RXWH
One or more machines and their respective measurement points organized in an

efficient sequence for data collection.
530
Represents rotations per minute and is equal to 60 times frequency in Hz. Equivalent to CPM (cycles per minute).
56
A serial, synchronous communication standard; a type designation for cables that

are used to connect communications ports on host computer, analyzer, and telephone modems.
6SHFWUXP
A display of the frequency components and their amplitude (amplitude vs. frequency) which are present in a dynamic signal such as vibration.
6WDWLRQ
A grouping of machines within a company or a plant for the purpose of predictive

maintenance; may include the entire facility or a logical division thereof; can then
be subdivided into routes of machines for data collection.
6XEKDUPRQLFV
Vibration frequencies which are integer fractions of the running speed (example
1/2 RPM, 1/3 RPM, etc.) or some other fundamental frequency.
7DFKRPHWHU
Pulse signal used to measure shaft turning speed. This also may be used to synchronize the acquisition of dynamic data.
*
7UDQVLHQW
A non-steady-state signal of finite duration; often refers to a startup or coastdown of

a machine.
7UHQG
Plotting a number of measurements of a parameter over time.

7ULJJHU
Causes the analyzer to start collection of data upon the receipt of a specified
dynamic signal from a sensor.
8QLIRUP:LQGRZ
Description of a uniformly weighted signal, where no special window shaping is

applied before frequency analysis. Sometimes used for collection of non-steadystate data.
9HORFLW\
A measurement of the time rate of change in the displacement of an object. Vibration is often measured in velocity using a velocity sensor. Velocity can be measured
also by integrating an accelerometer signal.
9LEUDWLRQ3DUDPHWHUV
Six frequency band-limited parameters which are measured from the vibration
signal. These parameters are defined in the analysis parameter set and are loaded
into the machinery analyzer for each point from the MasterTrend database. (Also
called individual analysis parameters.)
9LVFRVLW\
Resistance of fluids to shearing effects; usually decreasing for liquids as the temperature rises.
*
,QGH[
archive data 3-10

automatic pause 3-8
harmonic markers 3-45

waveform 3-46
case analysis, rerun 3-23

Coastdown Tab 3-60
command overview 3-1
Identifying 2-6
inference trace rules 3-34
M
D
database selection 3-3
dB reference 3-49
Defining 2-10
diagnostic facts 3-34
disclaimer screen 3-2
display options 3-25
E
envelope construction options 3-53 to 3-55
extracted features 3-33
F
fault probability limit 3-19
function keys
default setup 3-55
recall setup 3-55
save setup 3-55
machine selection options 3-4

main menu options 3-4
Motor Tab 3-61
O
Orbits Tab 3-59
P
parameters, global 3-41 to 3-49
Phase 3-61
Phase Tab 3-61
Physical Observations Tab 3-61
PlotData
global parameters 3-41 to 3-49
printing
plots 3-44
Pump Tab 3-62
Q
G
Quick Configure for Fast Analysis 2-2
global parameters 3-41 to 3-49
,
R
replaying diagnostics 3-63
S
setup data, saving 3-10
sideband markers 3-45
spectral plots 3-25
Startup Tab 3-59
T
Time Waveform Tab 3-58
W
waveform plots 3-30
,

Rev.9 Nspectr

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5HIHUHQFH0DQXDO

Automated Vibration Diagnostic

Label Data With Diagnostic Faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Preparing to Use Replay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63

A note indicates special comments or instructions.

Pre-Screening Features for CHILLER (1415000039)

********* COUPLING PROBLEM ********

There is an indication that the machine is misaligned.

********* POSITION PROBLEM ********

There is an indication of early impacting occuring in

********** SHAFT PROBLEM **********

There is evidence to indicate that the problem is unbalance in

Diagnostic Summary For (0219100001) #3 BCCT PUMP - WEST

Diagnostic Summary For (0219100002) PRIMARY CHILLED WATER PUMP 4

1415000039-MOH --- 15-Sep-93 13:33 (RF=1.00)

--- List of Harmonic

Families --(No.) Harmonic Members in Family

Extracted Features for CHILLER Report (continued)

--- List of Difference Families --Frequency/Order Energy Score (No.)

WAVEFORM DISTRIBUTION ( 3.0 Std. Devs) - G-s

(-) Crest Factor (+)

(RMS) Symmetry (MPk)

(-) Peaks>NxRMS (+)

(-) RMS Amplitude (+)

(%PT) Symmetry (4th)

(-) #Peaks>NxRMS (+)

(-) % Off Slope (+)

--- COMPONENT TYPE ---AND DECRIPTION

-------- CONNECTION TO OTHER SHAFTS -------SHAFT No.

Configuration Definitions Report (continued)

BASF BCCT PUMPS

Shaft No. 2 : Pump

BASF BCCT PUMPS

The following figure shows the flow of Information in Nspectr.

In the Quick Configure mode, Nspectr will only retain information

Shaft No: This item defines the components shaft number.

A Solid Connection is a rigid type of coupling used when precise alignment

The Sheet/Web Drive is most commonly found on roll-type manufacturing

Select Housing if the measurement is located on the equipment case.

Del Meas Pnt

To use all of Nspectrs program features, observe the commands

Database access is only available from the top-level menus.

Enter the data point ID exactly as it appears on the AMS Machinery

Equipment Diagrams? - displays the diagram if one has been assigned.

Helpful hint: To allow your diagnostic screens to be displayed faster,

Data Pre-Screening Enabled? - determines whether Nspectr will screen vibration

This option should be set to Yes or Append (prior to running

Sort According to Deviation Scores: - when performing complete screening of a

D-Alarm: - the absolute fault level has been exceeded.

Generate Point Status Route Type: - select from these options:

For an explanation, see Envelope Options Function Key on page 3-50.

Selecting this command advances you to the Definition of Global Parameters

For more information, see Rerun Case on page 3-23.

Important information may be lost when limiting the Diagnostic Summary by

Allowable Speed Difference Between Points: - Specifies the maximum allowable

A value of 60 RPM (1 Hz) or greater will decrease Nspectrs ability to report

For an explanation, see Definition of Global Parameters on page 3-41.

For an explanation, see Envelope Options Function Key on page 3-50.

Units for Amplitude Axis: - Select acceleration, velocity, displacement, or stored

If an unusual amount of time elapses between measurements (DT-SEC column), a

Possible corrective action

Update Separately - will save altered label and RPM independently of

* COUPLING PROBLEM

* POSITION PROBLEM

SHAFT PROBLEM