Valves

Mechanical - valves 1
Topics

! Regulating
! Isolating
! Back flow prevention
! Pressure Relief

Mechanical - valves 2
Typical Actuator & Valve

Mechanical - valves 3
Diaphragm Actuator

Mechanical - valves 4
Positioner Indicator

Mechanical - valves 5
Valve Body

Mechanical - valves 6
Basic Valve Construction
Plug Stem

Studs and Nuts

Packing Rings
Packing Box

Valve Bonnet
Packing Spring

Valve Plug

Valve Seat

Mechanical - valves 7
Valve Body

Mechanical - valves 8
Valve Characteristics

Mechanical - valves 9
Valve Plugs

Mechanical - valves 10
Valve Plugs

Mechanical - valves 11
Cage

Mechanical - valves 12
Cage too

Mechanical - valves 13
Removed Cage

Mechanical - valves 14
 Reverse & Direct Actuators
Return Spring
Air Input

Diaphragm Diaphragm

Return Spring Air Input

Stem
Yoke

(a) Direct Acting (b) Reverse Acting

Mechanical - valves 15
 Reverse & Direct Valves

Valve Plug Stem

Valve Plug

Valve Seat

(a) Direct Acting (b) Reverse Acting

Mechanical - valves 16
Failure Mode
Actuator Valve Valve Failure
Body Action Mode

Direct Direct Air to Fail Open

Close
Reverse Reverse Air to Fail Open
Close
Direct Reverse Air to Fail
Open Closed
Reverse Direct Air to Fail
Open Closed

Mechanical - valves 17
Piston Actuators

Mechanical - valves 18
Piston Actuator

Mechanical - valves 19
Diaphragm Valve Operator

Mechanical - valves 20
Actuator and Positioner

Mechanical - valves 21
Actuator and Positioner

Mechanical - valves 22
Actuator Fluids

! Air
! Oil (mineral and synthetic)
! Clean
! Moisture Free

Mechanical - valves 23
Isolating
Valves

! Manual
! Pneumatic
! Electric Motor

Mechanical - valves 24
Manual Valve

Mechanical - valves 25
Handwheel

Mechanical - valves 26
Gate Valve

Mechanical - valves 28
Butterfly Valve

Mechanical - valves 29
Ball Valve

Mechanical - valves 30
Diaphragm Valve

Mechanical - valves 31
Checking Valve Position
! Visual Check
! Position of handle
! Indicator on valve
! Operational Checks
! Situational Information
! temperatures, levels, pressures
! Direction of flow
! Hearing and touch

Mechanical - valves 32
Manual Operating Valves

! Safety equipment
! Watch for body mechanics

Mechanical - valves 33
Pneumatic

Isolating

Valves

Mechanical - valves 34
2 Way Solenoid Valve
Cover Nut

Conduit Opening

Stop Washer Coil

Plunger

Centering Washer

Valve Stem
Valve Body
Valve Disc

Valve Seat

Mechanical - valves 35
 3 Way Solenoid Valve
Solenoid
Valve

E
Air Supply
100 kPa(g)
D

Vent to Atmosphere
A/O

Mechanical - valves 36
Electric Valve Operator

Mechanical - valves 37
Electric Actuator

Mechanical - valves 38
Valve Limit Switches

Mechanical - valves 39
Electric Actuator

Mechanical - valves 40
Valve Limit Switches

Mechanical - valves 41
Limitorque Valve Actuator

Mechanical - valves 42
Limitorque Valve Guts

Mechanical - valves 43
Motor Gear Drive

Mechanical - valves 44
Worm Gear

Mechanical - valves 45
Limit Switch

Mechanical - valves 46
Torque Switch

Mechanical - valves 47
Electric Valve Operator Switches

! Limit
! Torque
! Speed

Mechanical - valves 48
Manual Operation

! Hand wheel is engaged with a handle

! Disengages when motor starts
! Valve can be taken off seat by slack in
gearing

Mechanical - valves 49
Backseating

! Some valves
! Seat at top of valve to remove pressure
from packing

Mechanical - valves 50
Intergate Valve

Mechanical - valves 51
Backflow Prevention

Mechanical - valves 52
Check Valves

Mechanical - valves 53
Check Valve Body

Mechanical - valves 54
Check Valve Gate Open

Mechanical - valves 55
Check Valve Gate Closed

Mechanical - valves 56
Safety --- Relief

! Relief
! Lift proportional to overpressure
! Liquid service
! Safety
! Open quickly and completely on overpressure
! Generally for gases
! Safety Relief
! Good for liquid and gas service

Mechanical - valves 57
Safety/Relief Valves

! Lifting pressure
! Capacity
! Popping
! Blowdown
! Chatter
! Flutter
! Simmering

Mechanical - valves 58
Safety or Relief Valve

Mechanical - valves 59
Safety or Relief Valve

Mechanical - valves 60
Valve Gags

! Require TSSA approval

! ASME Section III
requires CNSC approval
! No-approval required for
testing

Mechanical - valves 61
Mechanical - valves 62
 Steam Traps

Mechanical Thermodynamic

Thermostatic

Mechanical - valves 63
Mechanical Steam Trap

Mechanical - valves 64
Thermodynamic Steam Trap

Mechanical - valves 65
Again

Mechanical - valves 66
Trap Operation

! Visual
! Sound
! Temperature
! Infrared measuring

Mechanical - valves 67
Trap Open

Mechanical - valves 68