Cooperative Clustering Protocol for Saving Energy

of Mobile Devices with WLAN and Bluetooth

Interfaces
Wireless local area network (WLAN) or IEEE 802.11 is one of the most widely
used wireless communication protocol. It provides sufficient bandwidth and
well-constructed infrastructures. When it comes to energy consumption,
energy consumed is greater than 50% of the total energy consumption in hand
held devices. In laptops energy consumption is up to 10 percent.
Bluetooth standard provides low power consumption, a 10'th of the WLAN
power and it uses a low bandwidth of only 2 Mbps with a short range of 10
meters. In this paper we try to solve the power consumption problem in WLAN
based communication systems.
WLAN specifications 802.11 was released in June 1999. Initial specification
was for 2.4 GHz frequency and supported a max data rate of 1 to 2 Mbps. It
provides the basis for wireless network products using the Wi-Fi brand.
What is Bluetooth?
It uses 2.4 GHz radio frequency. It focuses on replacing the short cables used
to connect consumer electronic devices. It is Wireless Personal Area Network
(WPAN) with a range limited to approximately 10 to 30 feet (3 m to 9.1 m). The
raw data rate of 1 Mbps/723 Kbps. Bluetooth as a secondary radio to reduce
the overall power consumption to provide connected channel between mobile
devices and the WLAN access point (AP). In On Demand Paging and Wake

on Wireless, mobile devices and the AP exchange control messages via lowpower channels.
It allows a mobile device to turn off the WLAN interface when it is not being
used. CoolSpots and SwitchR use Bluetooth more actively for data
communication when applications demand low data rates. WLAN is powered
up only when the data rate reaches the Bluetooth limit. APs have both WLAN
and Bluetooth interfaces and specialized software to control them. It makes
Hardware and software modifications to wireless infrastructures. CONET is
based on clustering.
Problem Statement
Properties of nodes and wireless networks:

Each node has one WLAN interface (primary) and one Bluetooth
interface (secondary).

There is at least one WLAN AP in the field. Each node can

communicate with the AP using its WLAN interface, regardless of its location
and time.

The WLAN APs do not have Bluetooth interfaces. This is typical for
most existing wireless environments. Therefore, the previous approaches are
inapplicable.

Each node i knows the total bandwidth required, NeedBW(t), and the
free bandwidth of its Bluetooth link, FreeBW(t).

Each node i can measure its residual energy E(t).

All Bluetooth interfaces have the same communication range.

CONET
CONET has four main objectives:

Improving the energy efficiency of wireless networks by exploiting a

secondary radio,

Dynamically configuring clusters to meet the bandwidth requirements of

all nodes,

Producing well-distributed cluster heads

Minimizing control overhead.