VES - 5080

FIELD ERECTED, WELDED STEEL STORAGE TANKS TO API 650

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
1.0

SCOPE

2.0

DEFINITIONS

3.0

EXTENT OF SUPPLY

4.0

INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN TENDER

5.0

VENDOR RESPONSIBILITY

6.0

COMPANY RESPONSIBILITY

7.0

STANDARDS CODES AND OTHER REFERENCES

8.0

DESIGN DATA

9.0

VENDOR DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

10.0

DESIGN REQUIREMENT

10

11.0

MATERIALS

15

12.0

FABRICATION AND ERECTION

17

13.0

INSPECTION

18

14.0

TESTING

19

15.0

SURFACE TREATMENT

20

16.0

NAMEPLATE

20

17.0

CERTIFICATION

20

18.0

SPARE PARTS AND TOOLS

21

19.0

USER'S INSTRUCTION MANUAL

21

20.0

APPENDIXES

22

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1.0

SCOPE
This specification covers the general requirements for the design, preparation of drawings, supply of
materials, fabrication, field erection, inspection, testing and surface treatment of fusion welded vertical
cylindrical above ground storage tanks of carbon steel construction. It shall be read in conjunction with the
relevant documents with which it is issued, such as the purchase order, Data Sheets, drawings and related
specifications, together with API Standard 650, as further referred to herein.

2.0

DEFINITIONS
Throughout this specification and the associated documents, the following basic definitions apply:
"Company" shall mean Virginia Indonesia Company LLC. VICO Indonesia, or any of it's authorized
representatives, will own the tank and operate it after installation on their premises.
"Vendor" shall mean Company or organization to whom the purchase order is issued in respect of the work,
i.e. the seller of the tank.
"Manufacturer" shall mean Company or organization responsible for the manufacture (subcontracted or
otherwise) of the ordered tank or relevant part thereof.
"Tenderer" shall mean any company or organization to whom an enquiry is issued in respect of the work,
and from whom a quotation in response has been received and accepted.
"Contractor" shall mean the same as "Vendor".
"Authority" shall mean the organization having statutory powers to control the design, manufacture,
installation and certification of the tank in the locality in which it is to be operated, except that where it is
not subject to such statutory jurisdiction, the Authority shall be deemed to be Company.
"Others" shall mean any company or organization other than those defined above.
"Data Sheets" shall mean the specification sheets and tank outline drawing prepared and issued by
Company.
"Approval" & "Agreement" by Company shall have the same meaning and shall be understood to be required
in writing.
The words "shall" and "must" are understood as mandatory and "should" as advisory. (Note: These three
words refer to the responsibilities of Vendor, Manufacturer or Tenderer, whereas the word "will" refers to
those of Company).

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3.0

EXTENT OF SUPPLY
3.1

By Vendor
The tank shall be supplied and erected complete for operation on Vendor supplied foundation.
Such supply shall include but not be limited to the following:

3.2

i)

General arrangement and shop detail drawings and material lists.

ii)

The tank as specified herein and on the Data Sheets. This shall include all necessary bolts,
studs, nuts, gaskets, blind flanges, covers for manholes, handholes and similar openings,
grounding lugs, screwed plugs for threaded openings, internal items, and specified surface
treatment.

iii)

All appurtenances to the tank including safety valves, direct-mounted instruments, stairways,
platforms, walkways and pipe supports, etc.

iv)

Field erection and testing of the tank.

v)

External and internal coating of the tank.

vi)

Thermal insulation of the tank, if specified on the Data Sheets and/or Purchase Order.

vii)

Spare parts accessories and/or special tools, where specified herein and/or on the Data
Sheets.

viii)

All other items normally required for complete installation except those listed in Subsection
3.2 below.

By Other
i)

All items (if any) so specified on the purchase order and/or Data Sheets.

ii)

Foundation anchor bolts where used, (unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets).

iii)

All external interconnecting piping.

iv)

All external interconnecting electrical and instrumentation work.

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4.0

INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN TENDER

i)

A detailed technical description of the equipment and materials offered and completion of the relevant
blank spaces on Company Data Sheets.

ii)

Where appropriate or specified, a drawing showing the overall arrangement, assembly and dimension
of the proposed tank.

iii)

The proposed method of erecting the tank.

iv)

Where appropriate or specified, such as level and/or pressure indicators, a list of recommended spare
parts considered to be applicable for two years normal operation. All parts shall be clearly referenced
using only designated part numbers, which shall also be shown, where applicable, in the User's
Instruction Manual. All parts shown in the list shall be separately priced so that Company may at his
discretion select or omit any of them.
Note:

5.0

This specification shall not be construed as eliminating consideration of alternatives which

may receive approval if found to be equivalent, or superior, to the requirements specified
herein. In general, the Tender shall be based on the requirements as specified, and any
alternatives proposed shall be itemized and priced separately, and shall be fully described to
facilitate evaluation by Company. Alternatives which involve only minor departures from this
specification shall be itemized and described as deviations or exceptions for consideration.

VENDOR'S RESPONSIBILITY
5.1

It is Vendor's responsibility that all the requirements specified herein are fully understood and
complied with. In case of doubt, Vendor shall contact Company for clarification and interpretation
before proceeding with the purchase or manufacture which may be affected. This specification
does not relieve Vendor of the responsibility of complying with the requirement of the applicable
standards and codes.

5.2

Vendor shall design, prepare shop detail drawings, supply materials, fabricate, field erect, test, and
paint the tank as defined by the Data Sheets, drawings, the contract and this specification.

5.3

Where specified on the Data Sheets, Vendor shall furnish all required appurtenances to the tank.
Where applicable, these shall include direct-mounted instruments such as level gauges etc., and/or
access stairways, platforms, walkways and ladders. Vendor supply shall include all accessories
and/or special tools required to make a complete job.

5.4

Vendor shall ascertain whether or not the particular tank has to be registered with or approved by
the Authority. Where applicable, Vendor shall submit the required shop detail drawings, design
calculations, welding procedures and other relevant documentation to the Authority for approval. In
such cases Vendor shall pay all fees chargeable by the Authority to obtain the applicable
approvals, permits, licenses, certificates and registrations to put the tank into service. A copy of
the referenced documents approved by the Authority shall be furnished to Company by Vendor,
immediately when they are available.

5.5

Compliance by Vendor with the provisions of this specification shall not relieve him of the
responsibility of furnishing a storage tank of proper design and construction in accordance with the
terms of the applicable guarantee and/or warranties. However this specification shall not be
construed as eliminating consideration of Vendor's standard design practice, which may receive
approval if found to be equivalent, or superior, to the requirements specified herein.

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6.0

7.0

COMPANY RESPONSIBILITY
6.1

Company will supply Vendor with the Data Sheets showing the design conditions, general overall
layout and dimensions, main material specifications, nozzle locations and orientation, required
appurtenances, etc. However, such documents initially issued by Company may not always be
complete or final in all particulars, such as nozzle orientation. All such particulars will be
surrounded by a clouded line with the word "HOLD" shown. Fabrication shall not commence on
any part so marked.

6.2

As detailed elsewhere herein, Company will promptly review and return to Vendor all documents
submitted for approval.

STANDARDS, CODES & OTHER REFERENCES

7.1

Standards and Codes

The tank shall comply with all requirements of the relevant standards and codes of practice,
including but not limited to the latest edition and addenda of the following:
American Petroleum Institute (API)
API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
API 2000
Venting Atmospheric and Low Pressure Storage Tanks
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
ASME
ASME
ASME

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section V, Non-destructive examination

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Pressure Vessels, Division 1
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

B16.5
B16.11
B16.34

Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged fittings

Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welded and Threaded
Valves, Flanged and Buttwelding End

Company Specifications
VES-1000
VES-1100
VES-1150
VES-3020
VES-3080
VES-5094
VES-5140
VES-5146
VES-5800

General Technical Conditions for Tender and Purchase Equipment and Materials
Requirements for Third Party Inspection Services
Preparation and Approval of Engineering Documents and Drawings
Piling Works
Concrete Construction
Fabricated Piping and Inspection
Surface Preparation, Painting and Galvanizing
Thermal Insulation and Fireproofing
Hydrotesting of In-plant Piping

The requirements of the national and/or local regulations shall be adhered to, but if these are less
stringent than the requirements of this specification, the latter shall govern. However, where the
national and/or local regulations are significantly more stringent than the requirements of this
specification, Vendor shall inform Company, who may negotiate with the Authority, with the aim of
obtaining their agreement to follow this specification as closely as possible.

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8.0

DESIGN DATA
8.1

General
The tank design and service conditions, construction materials, corrosion allowance and other
design data, including wind and seismic loads, shall be as specified on the Data Sheets and as
further described herein.
In the event of conflict between the specified requirements of the Data Sheets and this
specification, the former shall govern. However when there is doubt, Vendor shall contact Company
for clarification and interpretation before proceeding with the procurement or fabrication which may
be affected.

8.2

Tank Type
Each storage tank shall be a vertical cylindrical design, installed aboveground and of field erected
welded carbon steel construction. One of the following types of tank will normally be specified on
the Data Sheets:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)

8.3

Fixed Cone Roof Tank

Fixed Dome Roof Tank
Fixed Umbrella Roof Tank
Open Top Floating Roof Tank
Covered Floating Roof Tank

Tank Capacity
The tank nominal capacity specified on the Data Sheets is its working capacity. Accordingly, when
establishing the actual overall dimensions of the tank, appropriate allowances shall be made,
including those for the following (as applicable):

8.4

i)

Bottom liquid in all types of tank, inclusive of that contained in the coned bottom, if so
specified.

ii)

Minimum freeboard below the top curb angle for all types of tank.

iii)

Minimum dead stock required to maintain roof flotation for all types of floating roof tank.

iv)

Where applicable, the volumetric displacement allowance for immersed or submerged

internal items, e.g. the lower section of roof support trusses on large diameter fixed roof
tanks.

Shell Height
Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets, the tank nominal height shall refer to the following:
i)

For fixed roof tanks, the height from the bottom of the shell to the top of the top curb angle or
bottom of overflow.

ii)

For floating roof tanks, the height from the bottom of the shell to the maximum filling level.

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8.5

Wind Load
The wind where specified on the Data Sheets shall be considered to apply in conjunction with all
other controlling design loads which may then feasibly be present. However, seismic load shall not
be considered to apply simultaneously with wind load.

8.6

Seismic Load
The seismic load where specified on the Data Sheets shall be considered to apply in conjunction
with all other controlling design loads which may then feasibly be present. However, wind load shall
not be considered to apply simultaneously with seismic load.

8.7

Load Combinations
i)

Each tank shall be designed to withstand the controlling load combinations, allowing as
appropriate for the various significant design conditions which may apply including:
-

Tank contents at design condition.

Tank contents at test condition.
Tank empty.
Mass of tank and appurtenances, thermal insulation, etc.
Corrosion allowance where applicable.
Wind load where applicable.
Seismic load where applicable.

ii)

If necessary to resist overturning moments and/or other loads, such as internal pressure, the
tank shall be provided with bolting lugs to anchor it to its foundations.

iii)

In addition, the tank shall be designed to withstand the controlling localized load
combinations, including those for:
- Attachment details, such as those for stairways, platforms, walkways and pipe supports.
- Erection factors, such as wind gusts, lifting equipment, temporary supports, asymmetrical
stacking of roof sheets on fixed roof support members.

iv)

Contractor shall submit to Company a tabulation of allowable forces and moments for
connected piping.

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9.0

VENDOR DRAWINGS & DOCUMENTS

9.1

The wording on all Vendor drawings and documents shall be in the English language and only
British units shall be used for the applicable engineering units and dimensions, and that tank
capacities shall be shown in U.S. barrels. Vendor's drawings and documents submitted for
approval by Company shall be thoroughly checked and signed as checked by Vendor prior to
submission, otherwise they may be rejected, notwithstanding the fact that they will not necessarily
be reviewed in detail by Company. However Vendor's shop drawings may include preliminary
details provided they are surrounded by a cloudedline with the word "HOLD" shown. Fabrication
shall not commence on any part so marked.

9.2

Vendor's drawings shall all be to scaled on A size series sheets, preferably A-I size. Shop detail
drawings shall be complete with all materials, dimensions, thicknesses and details of layout,
construction, orientation and assembly clearly shown. The words "or equal" shall not appear with
material specifications on Vendor documents. All welds shall be clearly detailed and fully
described by notes or weld symbols. Where weld symbols are used, they shall be in accordance
with the standards of the American Welding Society. General arrangement/assembly drawings
shall be adequately dimensioned and provided with all relevant data including that for all main
welded seams, access facilities, plate thicknesses, nozzle orientation and nozzle schedule.
Such drawings shall also fully specify and itemize all materials of construction. Notes on drawings
shall include referencing the applicable design standard (API 650), design and test conditions,
surface treatment and the total weight of the tank empty and full of water. Detail requirements for
Vendor drawings and documents are specified in Appendix A of this Specification.

9.3

Vendor shall submit the following drawings and documents for approval and/or record purposes:
i)

Within two weeks of receipt of verbal or written notification of the order, three prints and one
reproducible copy of a general arrangement/assembly drawing showing the tank leading
dimensions, etc, nozzle orientation and nozzle schedule, together with foundation
dimensional details and loads, and connections for external piping and wiring, to allow the
associated design by Others to proceed. Significant external clearances required for the
removal of internal items shall also be shown, (e.g. tank suction header).

ii)

Within four weeks of receipt of verbal or written notification of the order, three prints and one
reproducible copy of complete shop detail drawings and material lists, three copies of the
associated design calculations and three copies of the proposed welding procedure
specifications. Design calculations in computer printout form must be complete and
comprehensive, including all input and output data.

iii)

In the event of a drawing revision initiated by either Vendor or Company, three prints and one
reproducible copy of the revised drawing within two weeks from when the revision was made.
Note: Company reserves the right to make changes to Vendor's drawings and documents
after having previously granted approval.

iv)

The required number of copies of the construction certification report, as referenced

elsewhere herein.

v)

Immediately following final inspection and testing of the completed tank, one reproducible
copy of all final drawings, material lists and two copies of final design calculations, all
stamped "Certified as Built".

vi)

Where applicable, the required number of copies of a User's Instruction Manual, as

referenced elsewhere herein.

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10.0

9.4

Within six weeks of receipt of verbal or written Company notification of the order, Vendor shall
submit to Company three copies of a manufacturing bar chart highlighting critical material delivery
times, inspection, erection and testing times. However this submittal shall in no way delay the
ordering of the main materials and components. In addition, three copies of the certified welding
procedures shall be submitted for approval.

9.5

The timely submission of all documents required for approval shall be the responsibility of Vendor.
All such documents submitted for the approval of Company will be reviewed forthwith on their
receipt and one copy of each will be promptly returned to Vendor. The documents returned will be
stamped by Company as either "Approved" or "Approved as Noted", as appropriate, and in the latter
case conforming revised documents must be re-submitted without delay. Vendor's revised
documents shall show a revision number or letter and give a full description of all revisions made.
The granting of approval by Company shall not relieve Vendor of liability if the requirements of this
specification are not fully complied with. Vendor shall be responsible for rectifying unapproved
changes resulting from unauthorized departures from the approved construction, data sheets,
drawings, specifications and shall bear the cost of this work.

DESIGN REQUIREMENT
10.1

Design Standard
The tank shall comply in all respects with the applicable requirements of API Standard 650: Welded
Steel Tanks for Oil Storage (latest edition, appendices and latest addenda). In the event of conflict
between these requirements and those of this specification, the more stringent requirements shall
apply. However Company shall always first be notified concerning such conflict before proceeding
with the work which may be affected.

10.2

Materials
Except where required construction materials are specified on the Data Sheets, Vendor shall select
such materials suitable for the service conditions. Refer to Section 11.0 herein. The use of highstrength steels will be acceptable for particular designs, e.g. large storage tanks with a nominal
capacity of 125,000 US bbl and over.

10.3

10.4

Design Considerations
i)

Unless approved otherwise by Company, plates, structural members and other materials
shall not be made up to normal length by splicing together shorter lengths. Proposed
exceptions shall be included on Vendor drawings submitted for the approval of Company, and
must show the location of the proposed splice, together with all relevant details, including
those for the welded joint. Under no circumstances shall spliced materials be used for the
tank manufacture, other than shown on the approved drawings.

ii)

For lined tanks, welded joints, detail design and internal finish shall be suitable for the type of
lining to be used.

Tank Venting
Tank venting capacity shall be provided in accordance with API Standard 2000 as a minimum
requirement. Appropriate allowance shall be made for inbreathing and outbreathing attributable to
all significant design factors, including:
i)

Liquid product inflow or outflow.

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10.5

ii)

Variations in atmospheric temperature.

iii)

Possible heat exposure from fire.

Foundation Anchor Bolts

For Vendor designs which involve holding the tank and/or its appurtenances in place with foundation
anchor bolts, Company shall be promptly furnished with approval calculations and drawings
detailing their design, manufacture, location and installation.

10.6

10.7

Tank Bottoms
i)

The required type of tank bottom, i.e. whether sloping to or from its center, and the
associated drawoff sump arrangement will be specified on the Data Sheets. Unless
otherwise specified draw-off is to be of Fiq. 3-15 type in API 650 (i.e. above bottom draw-off).

ii)

Annular bottom plates should be used for tanks over 40ft nominal diameter, and shall be
used for all tanks constructed of high-strength steel. They shall be of the same material
specification and grade as the lowest shell course.

iii)

Except for annular and other bottom plates for which butt welded construction is required
(e.g. for lined tanks), the bottom plates shall be of single welded lap jointed construction.

Tank Shells
Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets, the thickness of each course of shell plates shall
be computed in accordance with the One-Foot Method in API Standard 650, except that for the
stored liquid, the design specific gravity shall be 1.0 or the actual value, whichever is the greater.
For tank shells to be constructed of high-strength steel, the joint efficiency of the vertical butt
welded joints shall be 100 percent. No shell plates shall exceed 1.5 inches thickness. The shell
plate thickness shall be 1/4 inch minimum for tanks below 120ft diameter, and 8 mm minimum for
tanks of 120 ft diameter up to 200 ft diameter.

10.8

Wind Girders
In accordance with the requirements of API Standard 650, the shell of the tank shall be provided
with top and intermediate stiffening rings as necessary.

10.9

Fixed Roofs
i)

Each fixed roof shall be the self-supporting type, i.e. supported only at its periphery and shall
be of either cone, dome or umbrella design, as specified on the Data Sheets. Unless
approved otherwise, the horizontal leg of the top curb angle shall be on the inside of the tank
shell. Design calculations for each fixed roof shall be in accordance with the requirements
of API Standard 650, and they shall be submitted for the approval of Company.

ii)

Where appropriate for the service conditions, lapped roof plated shall be installed with the
lower edge of the upper plates underneath the upper edge of the adjacent lower plates, to
prevent condensation inside the tank from collecting in the unsealed overlap of each single
welded lap joint. However for all fixed roofs, the design arrangement, layout and attachment
of the roof plates shall be subject to the prior approval of Company.

iii)

Where specified on the Data Sheets, a frangible roof-to-shell joint shall be provided at the top
curb angle.

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10.10

Floating Roofs
Where specified on the Data Sheets, a floating roof shall be provided in accordance with the
requirements of API Standard 650, to suit the particular tank type involved, (i.e. open top or
covered). Usually the open top type will be specified, and unless approved otherwise, for such
tanks the horizontal leg of the top curb angle shall be on the outside of the tank shell. Vendor shall
submit sufficient calculations and/or alternative data to demonstrate to the satisfaction of Company
that the roof design is adequate, e.g. regarding its structural strength, buoyancy and rainwater
drainage capacity (where applicable). To ensure that the roof is furnished complete for satisfactory
operation, Vendor's design shall allow for all applicable requirements including but not limited to the
following:
i)

Using a suitable roof type, with the most appropriate buoyancy system (e.g. pontoons or
double deck), and deck type (e.g. minimum vapor space).

ii)

A weatherproof flexible rim seal of approved type, as may be specified on the Data Sheets, or
as shall otherwise be subject to the prior approval of Company and may be for example:
-

10.11

Double Seal.
Diaphragm seal with weight or spring loaded metallic shoes.
Non-metallic semirigid-foam filled envelope.
Non-metallic liquid filled envelope.

iii)

Primary drains which shall be the articulated pipe type or equivalent, i.e. flexible hose drains
will not be permitted. Suitable emergency drains shall be provided as appropriate.

iv)

A system of adjustable-length supporting legs.

v)

Devices to ensure that the roof remains centered and does not rotate.

vi)

An access ladder or stairway which automatically adjusts to suit the roof position.

vii)

Access openings into the buoyancy compartments and through the roof deck.

viii)

Venting of the spaces under the deck and/or rim seal.

ix)

Shunts for electrically earthing the roof across the rim seal space.

x)

A vertical circumferential baffle or alternative device to retain fire retardant in the area of the
seal if there is a rim fire.

Nozzles and Other Openings

i)

Nozzles and other openings together with manholes, handholes, flush-type cleanout fittings
and similar covered openings shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of API
Standard 650 and this specification.

ii)

The specification and grade of plate construction materials for nozzles, manholes, flush-type
cleanout fittings and similar openings and their reinforcing pads shall be the same as the
associated plate for the tank. Unless approved otherwise, nozzle necks made of pipe shall
be of seamless material, and those 1.25 inch, 2.5 inch, 3.5 inch and 5 inch NPS shall not be
used. However for tank shells constructed of high-strength steel, only seamless material
shall be used for pipe nozzle necks. Rolled fabricated plate necks shall be double butt
welded and fully radiographed to 100 percent joint efficiency for all tanks.

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iii)

Nozzle necks made from pipe bends and/or welding elbows and integral pad type nozzles
and similar openings with studs tapped into the flange shall not be used unless specified on
the Data Sheets or first approved by Company. Mitred joints shall not be used in nozzle
necks.

iv)

Opening 1.5 inch NPS and larger shall be flanged in accordance with the requirements
specified on the Data Sheets which for pipe and similar nozzles shall be the forged steel
raised face weld-neck or slip-on type, usually to ANSI Standard B 16.5 Class 150. Flange
bolt holes shall straddle the principal center lines.

v)

Openings smaller than 3/4 inch NPS are not acceptable and those 3/4 inch and 1 inch NPS
shall be the screwed type in accordance with the requirements specified on the Data Sheets,
and they shall be of forged steel, using 3600 lb NPT full couplings, reinforcing pads, no
threaded openings shall be screwed directly into any part of the tank. Thredolets and similar
weld-on fittings shall not be used in lieu of forged couplings.

vi)

Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets or specifically approved, flush-type cleanout
fittings shall not be provided in tank shells of high-strength steel.

vii)

The minimum nozzle wall thickness in the corroded condition shall be in accordance with the
requirements of API Standard 650, but in no case shall the construction material for pipe
nozzles be lighter than the following:1 1/2 inch NPS and smaller
2 inch thru 6 inch NPS
8 inch NPS and larger

Scheduled 160
Scheduled 80
Standard Weight

Note: For scheduled pipe, the minimum uncorroded thickness shall be the nominal thickness less
12 1/2 percent.
viii)

The attachment welds for nozzles, manholes, couplings and insert-type reinforcement shall
be the full penetration set-in type, unless approved otherwise where suitable for the particular
service and/or connection geometry. However such attachment welds shall always be used
with tank shells constructed of high-strength steel. In addition, full penetration complete
fusion welds shall be used for the fabrication of flush type cleanout fittings. All nozzles and
similar openings shall be flushed with the inside of the tank where used as drains or vents or
where so located that there would be interference with the internal items and/or normal
operation. The inside edge of connections for nozzles and manholes shall be rounded off to
a minimum of 1/8 inch radius, or half of the neck thickness, whichever is the smaller.
Reinforcing pads shall normally be made in one piece, and those on nozzles 10 inch NPS
and smaller shall have one 1/4 inch NPS NPT telltale hole; pads on larger size nozzles shall
have two such telltale holes 180 degrees apart.

ix)

Manholes, handholes, flush-type cleanout fittings and similar openings shall be provided with
blind flanges, gaskets and bolting to suit. Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets,
manholes shall be 20 inch NPS minimum. For floating roof tanks, shell manholes shall,
where necessary, be provided with a filler piece welded to the inside of the manhole cover to
facilitate travel of the roof seal.

x)

Where two or more connections are to be provided for the installation of a single piece of
equipment, such as a level gauge, they shall be set with a jig during fabrication to ensure
that they are installed with the accuracy necessary to allow fit-up of the equipment.

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10.12

Access Facilities
Access facilities such as stairways, walkways, platforms and ladders shall be provided as indicated
on the Data Sheets or as otherwise agreed, and they shall be in accordance with the requirements
of the applicable standards and codes. However their arrangement, layout and detail design shall
be subject to the prior approval of Company, and basic requirements shall include but not be limited
to the following:

10.13

10.14

i)

Each fixed roof tank requiring gauging, sampling etc. from the roof shall be provided with a
spiral stairway and top platform for access to the gauge well, sampling hatch or other
appurtenances. As a minimum requirement, local handrailing shall be provided on the
periphery of the roof, extending at least 6 ft on each side of the areas used for access to the
applicable appurtenances, which should be grouped to minimize the handrailing required.

ii)

Each floating roof tank shall be provided with a spiral stairway and top platform for access to
the gauge well or other appurtenances, and the roof ladder.

iii)

A vertical external ladder shall not be used in lieu of a spiral stairway, except where specified
on the Data Sheets for small tanks.

iv)

Spiral stairway shall be supported completely off the tank shell, and the bottom of the
stringer and the associated supports shall terminate clear of the tank foundation. Spiral
stairways shall asced in a counter-clockwise direction (viewed from above), and preferably
should be located on the windward side of the tank.

v)

Stair treads, platform and walkway decks shall be of the nonslip plate type, otherwise of an
approved type of galvanized bar grating where specified on the Data Sheets.

vi)

Access facilities shall be constructed of carbon steel, shop fabricated to form assemblies of
the largest practicable size for shipment, handling and installation. Handrailing and handrail
posts shall be of an approved type, and where appropriate, they shall be designed to facilitate
field installation.

Fasteners
i)

All fasteners shall be the through bolt type, i.e. tapped stud holes and similar design
methods shall not be used unless approved otherwise by Company for a special application.
Where appropriate, spring washers shall be used with structural bolts.

ii)

Unless agreed otherwise, the threads for all screwed fasteners shall be coarse thread UNC
up to and including 1 inch NPS and 8 thread series (8N) for larger. Bolts shall be long
enough to extend 1/4 inch outside each nut. The threads of all external carbon steel and
low-alloy steel fasteners shall be treated with a suitable waterproof anti-seize compound to
protect them against corrosion, (e.g. phosphate treatment such as Cragol RB or Coppermineral oil compound such as Kopr Kote, or equivalent).

iii)

Fasteners for flanged connections such as manholes, handholes and cleanout openings shall
be stud bolts which shall be not less than 5/8 inch NS, and they shall have a full continuous
thread. The nominal height of the nuts shall not be less than the bolt diameter.

Earthing Bosses
The tank shall be provided with earthing bosses. Their number and locations on the lower periphery
of the tank will be specified by Company on the Data Sheet, or by mark-up of Vendor drawings
submitted for approval.

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10.15

Painter's Trolley
Where specified on the Data Sheets, for an uninsulated tank, a painter's trolley and track shall be
provided.

11.0

MATERIALS
11.1

General
All materials including spare parts and special tools shall be new and unused, free from defects,
shall comply with the latest relevant standards and codes and shall be suitable for their respective
intended purposes. Tank construction materials shall be as required by this specification and API
Standard 650.

11.2

Identification and Certification

Load-bearing materials used for the tank construction shall all be clearly identified so as to be of
know origin, supply, chemical and physical properties and grade. Mill certificates shall be provided
as necessary in accordance with the requirements of this specification and API Standard 650.

11.3

Unacceptable Materials
Unindetified materials will not be accepted unless first subjected to appropriate test which
demonstrate compliance with the requirements of API Standard 650 and with the additional
requirements of this specification. Rimming steels shall not be used.

11.4

Alternative Materials
Requests by Vendor to substitute an alternative material during the fabrication and erection must be
accompanied by fully descriptive technical details and a clear statement of the associated price
adjustment, if any. Each proposed alternative material must be of a grade equal to or better than
that originally specified. However, alternative materials shall not be used for construction without
the prior approval of Company.

11.5

Moderate and High-Strength Steels

Unless specified otherwise on the Data Sheets, the following definitions shall apply for the purposes
of this specification:
i)

Moderate-strength carbon steels are those which have a minimum ultimate tensile strength of
at least 52,645 psi, and a maximum ultimate tensile strength not greater than 73,950 psi,
with a minimum yield point of at least 29,870 psi.

ii)

High-strength carbon steels are those which have a maximum ultimate tensile strength of at
least 68,150 psi, but not greater than 89,900 psi, with a minimum yield point of at least
42,775 psi, but not greater than 50,750 psi. The ratio of yield point to tensile strength of the
tested material shall be 0.78 maximum.

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11.6

Plate
Carbon steel plate materials for tank bottoms, shells and roofs will normally be specified on the
Data Sheets, otherwise Vendor shall select a grade suitable for the service conditions. No carbon
steel shell plates shall exceed 1.5 inches thickness. High-strength carbon steel plates shall be
fully killed and produced to fine grain practice, and shall show a normalized structure. However
semiskilled high-strength carbon steel plates may be used up to 5/8 inch thickness inclusive.
All carbon steel shell plates shall have adequate notch toughness, which unless specified
otherwise on the Data Sheets, shall be validated by demonstrating compliance with the minimum
impact test requirements specified hereunder. In each case of thickness range for which such
impact testing is required, the minimum resistance to impact at the particular specified test
temperature shall be determined as the average of Charpy V-notch tests on three specimens
(longitudinal) on this basis the minimum average resistance to impact in each case shall be 27J for
low strength carbon steel shell plates, and 47J for high strength carbon steel shell plates. However
in no case shall the results of any one test be less than 20J for the low strength material, and 34J
for the high strength material.
Tank Shells for Warm Climates :

11.7

i)

All plates up to 1.125 inch thickness inclusive

No impact testing required

ii)

All Plates over 1.125 inch to 1.5 inch maximum

thickness inclusive

Impact testing at 0oC

required

Pipe
Carbon Steel pipe material for nozzles and similar parts will normally be specified on the Data
Sheets, otherwise Vendor shall select a grade suitable for the service conditions. However, except
where agreed otherwise by Company for tanks of low-strength carbon steel, all nozzle necks shall
be of seamless material.

11.8

Forgings
Carbon steel forged material for flanges, couplings, plugs and similar parts will normally be
specified on the Data Sheets, otherwise Vendor shall selected a grade suitable for the service
conditions.

11.9

Gaskets
All gasket materials shall be suitable for the service conditions and shall comply with the
requirements of API Standard 650, and/or where indicated, those specified on the Data Sheets.
Except where used with stainless steel flanges, compressed asbestos gaskets shall be graphited
on both faces or contain an anti-stick release agent. However all gaskets shall seal by seating
pressure alone and gasket sealant compounds shall not be used. The metal windings for all spiral
wound gaskets shall be typed 304 stainless steel.
Unless specified otherwise, the covers of manholes, handholes and similar openings flanged raised
faced to ANSI B16.5 shall be provided with Flexitallic style CG gasket, 304 stainless steel, spiral
wound and asbestos filled.

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12.0

FABRICATION AND ERECTION

12.1

Start of Manufacture
No fabrication (shop or otherwise) or field erection shall commence until Vendor has received
approval from Company of the associated design calculations, detail drawings and qualified welding
procedures. Vendor shall notify Company at least five days before actual manufacture begins.

12.2

Workmanship
All workmanship shall be of first class quality, to ensure that the requirements of API Standard 650
and this specification are met. Only appropriate and modern manufacturing practices shall be used
throughout the tank fabrication and erection program, and they shall be subjected to close quality
control by Vendor, whether or not Company waives any part of his own inspection. Bolt holes in
plates, structural members and other items shall be drilled not punched. The burning of such holes
will not be permitted.

12.3

Foundations and Anchor Bolts

Vendor shall be responsible for verification of the design and supply of completed tank foundations
to ensure that they are dimensionally correct and true to elevation and level. The checking shall be
completed as soon as possible and reported to Company in writing before field erection of the tank
is scheduled to commence and if any discrepancies are discovered, they shall be immediately
reported to Company. Otherwise Vendor shall accept the foundation as correct and shall take over
responsibility for it, except of the influence of soil settlement. Accordingly, at various stages during
the tank erection, the foundations shall be checked for settlement, which if observed, shall be
immediately reported to Company. Vendor is responsible for damage to a foundation, it shall be
repaired to the satisfaction of Company at Vendor's expense.
Where foundation anchor bolts are specified for inclusion in Vendor's supply, they shall be
manufactured immediately after their design has been approved by Company, and dispatched
forthwith to the required delivery point which will normally be specified on the purchase order.
Surface treatment of anchor bolts shall be limited to derusting and degreasing only, with their
threads and nuts treated in accordance with Subsection 12.10 herein.

12.4

Shop Manufacture
To minimize the amount of field work, tank components and appurtenances shall be prepared and
prefabricated in the Manufacturer's shop to the greatest practicable extent. In addition, shop trial
assembly checks shall be utilized as appropriate to ensure accurate fit-up for subsequent field
erection. Before shipment to site, all tank components and appurtenances shall be clearly marked
for proper identification and assembly. Small items shall be separately packaged and tagged.

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13.0

INSPECTION
13.1

The Manufacturer shall provide inspection in accordance with the requirements of API Standard
650. Where applicable, the Manufacturer must also appoint an authorized inspected representing
the Authority when the latter requires that associated inspection duties also be carried out on its
behalf. The Manufacturer shall issue the latest Company approved shop detail drawings and
material lists to the Authority's Inspector and shall issue all revisions thereto as they are made.

13.2

Where appropriate, the responsibilities of Company shall include carrying out such inspection and
testing in addition to Vendor's and/or Manufacturer's own quality control as Company may require.
Company reserves the option of having additional nondestructive examinations performed,
particularly for tanks constructed of high strength steel. The appropriate scheduling of all applicable
inspection requirements shall be the responsibility of Vendor. Refer to Appendix B herein. Vendor
shall notify Company at least five days in advance of all impending inspections and tests where the
presence of Company has previously been agreed upon. The waiving of any phase of any
inspection must be obtained from Company, but the minimum inspection requirements shall remain
in accordance with API Standard 650.

13.3

As application, the results of inspections and tests shall be recorded and signed as witnessed by
Company, but this shall not remove Vendor's responsibility for ensuring that the results of all
inspections and test are in full accordance with the requirements of this specification and API
Standard 650.

13.4

The cost of additional nondestructive examinations other than dictated by API 650 which may be
requested by Company will be borned by Company except where defects are revealed. The cost of
such examinations revealing defects and the cost for further examinations proving the acceptability
of the associated repairs shall be born by Vendor.

13.5

Radiographic examination of butt welded seams shall be in accordance with the requirements of
API Standard 650, and in addition, shall include all T-Junctions in shell plates over 3/4 inch
thickness. Spot examination by sectioning is not acceptable. Also, the attachment welds for all
manholes, nozzles necks, couplings and similar openings shall be examined by the magnetic
particle method when installed in carbon steel plate over 1 inch thick or in high-strength steel plate
of any thickness. In addition, for tanks constructed of high-strength steel plate the following shall
apply unless approved by Company:
i)

All vertical butt welded shell joints shall be fully radiographed.

ii)

Annular bottom plate radial butt welded joints shall be fully radiographed, or shall be
examined from the top face by the magnetic particle method, after completion of the root
pass and again after completion of the full weld.

iii)

The shell plate to bottom plate welded joint shall be examined by the liquid penetrant
method.

13.6

Where applicable for a fixed roof tank, appropriate inspection shall be carried out to ensure that the
tank has a frangible roof-to-shell joint when specified.

13.7

The approval of any work by any authorized Inspector or Company and the release of the tank or
any components for service shall in no way relieve Vendor of any liability resulting from the
requirements of this specification not being fully complied with, whether or not Company waives any
part of this own inspection. The tank shall not be released for service without the prior approval of
Company.

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14.0

TESTING
14.1

14.2

General
i)

As a minimum requirement, the testing of all fixed and floating roof tanks covered by this
specification shall be in accordance with API 650.

ii)

Vendor shall prepare testing procedures and shall submit to Company for approval.

Testing Tank Shells

The completed tank shall be hydrostatically tested by filling it with water. The test shall be
performed after completion of the roof for fixed roof tanks, and after completion of the top wind girder
for open top floating roof tanks. Salt water could be used in conjunction with a suitable proven
corrosion inhibiting technique. Vendor shall notify Company at least five days before the actual test
begins, and unless agreed otherwise it shall not take place in the absence of Company or without
Company prior approval. The tank shall not have been previously hydrostatically tested. Prior to
testing, it shall be thoroughly cleaned internally of all dirt, oil, grease and other foreign materials.
Vendor shall be responsible for obtaining suitable supplies of test water. Water used for the testing
shall be free of substances which could settle out in the tank, cause corrosion or otherwise be
detrimental to the tank. Vendor shall submit an analysis of sample for all proposed water supplies
and shall prepare a written water treatment scheme for Company approval prior to testing. Vendor
shall furnish all necessary chemicals, additives, inhibitor, filter, injection equipment, etc., required
for treating the test water.
Vendor shall be responsible for furnishing all apparatus and items normally required for such
testing, including fill and drain lines, blanking plates, gaskets and associated bolting. However
service bolts and gaskets to be furnished by Vendor as spare parts shall not be used during the
test. Test gaskets shall be used on nozzles and gasketted joints which are to be broken after the
test (e.g. for draining, venting and drying the tank). Otherwise service gaskets furnished by Vendor
shall be used during the test on manholes, blind flanges etc. and such joints shall not be broken
after the test is completed.
To protect the tank and its foundation, it shall be filled with water at a safely moderate rate, which
shall be progressively decreased over the top third of the filling height. The covers of the deck
manholes in floating roofs shall be in place during the filling operation. The filled tank test condition
shall be held for at least four hours. On completion of the test, the tank shall be completely
drained, then all residual water, silt and dirt shall be removed so that it is left in a "broom-clean"
condition inside.

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15.0

16.0

SURFACE TREATMENT
15.1

Surface preparation and painting of the tank shall be in accordance with the requirements specified
on the Data Sheets. Stair treads, ladders platform and walkway decks and loose carbon steel
items such as bolts, nuts and washers shall be galvanized.

15.2

Shop painting (where used) shall be restricted to the application of a primer coat, in which case the
primer shall be held back to a minimum of 2 inches from the plate edges which are to be field
welded. The hold-back at lap joints shall be further increased by the amount of the lap.

15.3

Field surface treatment shall not take place until inspection and testing of the tank fabrication and
erection has been completed. The inside and outside of the tank shall first be thoroughly cleaned
so as to be free of weld splatter, weld slag, flux deposits, burrs and splinters, loose mill scale, oil
grease, moisture and all other foreign materials. Nameplates shall be suitably masked during tank
cleaning and surface treatment operations.

NAMEPLATE
The tank shall be provided with an approved corrosion resistant nameplate affixed with stainless steel
fasteners to a suitable auxiliary mounting plate attached to the shell by continuous welding. Its location will
be specified by Company on the Data Sheets, or by print mark-up of Vendor drawings submitted for
approval, otherwise it shall be located approximately 4ft-6 inches above the bottom of the tank in a position
adjacent to a clearly visible from the spiral stairway. For insulated tanks, the nameplate shall be bracketmounted so as to project 1 inch clear of the thermal insulation. The nameplate shall be stamped in
accordance with the requirements of API Standard 650, Section 8 "Marking".

17.0

CERTIFICATION
Immediately following final inspection and testing of the completed tank, Vendor shall furnish Company with
three copies of a report which formally and comprehensively documents all significant aspects of the tank
fabrication and erection. Each copy shall be presented in the form of a booklet, using A-4 size sheets. The
report shall certify that the tank has been furnished in accordance with the specified requirements. In no
case shall the report pertain to more than one tank. The information presented therein must be clearly
marked with the equipment tag number, and where appropriate, signed by the Authority's Inspector, and
shall include but not be limited to the following (as applicable):
17.1

Manufacturer's Certification Letter, in accordance with API Standard 650.

17.2

Storage Tank Specification Data Sheet, in accordance with API Standard 650, "as-built".

17.3

A list of as-built numbers and revisions.

17.4

Material (mill) test certificates showing the applicable heat or melt numbers, complete chemical
analysis and physical properties of all construction materials, and a sketch or equivalent identifying
the location in the tank of the material associated with each test certificate.

17.5

Welding procedure specifications.

17.6

Welding procedure qualification records.

17.7

Record of welded and/or welder operator performance tests.

17.8

Test certificates for production welds.

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18.0

17.9

Reports covering all nondestructive examinations on production welding and material, each
respectively clearly identifying the areas so examined.

17.10

Postweld heat treatment report where applicable, complete with temperature recorder charts.

17.11

Report covering the hydrostatic test and any other applicable leakage tests.

17.12

Copy of a pencil rubbing of the data stamped on the nameplate.

SPARE PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOLS

In addition to particular requirements which may be specified in the Data Sheets, the following spare parts
shall be supplied:

19.0

18.1

One complete set of spare gaskets for blind flanges on manholes, handholes, flush-type cleanout
fittings and similar blanket openings which may be periodically opened.

18.2

Manufacturer recommended start-up and two years initial operation spare parts.

18.3

One complete set of manufacturer recommended special tools, where applicable.

USER'S INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Where specified on the Data Sheets, immediately following final inspection and testing of the completed
tank, Vendor shall furnish Company with five copies of a comprehensive A-4 sized manual adequately
covering the operating and maintenance requirements involved. All parts shall be clearly referenced using
only designated part numbers which are to be used when re-ordering replacements.

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20.0 APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

VENDOR DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

APPENDIX B

INSPECTION SCHEDULE

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APPENDIX A
VENDOR DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTS

A.1

Engineering Requirements
The drawings supplied by Vendor shall show all the information necessary to build the tank. All drawings
shall be fully detailed and must cover the following:
a)

Tank name (service), tag number and purchase order number. This information, all of which will be
supplied by Company, shall appear in the bottom right hand corner of each drawing.

b)

Design standard (API 650).

c)

Tank nominal capacity.

d)

Design loads (internal pressure, wind load, seismic load).

e)

Design metal temperature.

f)

Corrosion allowance.

g)

Arrangement of plates.

h)

Details of all welds.

i)

The weight of the tank empty and full of water.

j)

Details of the nameplate, its location and mounting.

k)

Revisions clearly numbered and described.

l)

The exact material specification and grade for all materials used for the construction and assembly
of the tank. No ferrous material shall be itemized as simply "mild steel", carbon steel of stainless
steel. All such materials shall be itemized by the ASTM specification number.

m)

Dimensional data as appropriate for the various internal and external details, arrangements and
assemblies. All principal dimensions shall be as shown referenced to a datum. Enlarged scale
details shall be shown for all welds and weld preparations.

n)

A full description of all bolting, gaskets, seals and packing and all fittings including couplings and
buttweld pipe fittings.

o)

An itemized nozzle schedule cross-referenced to the drawings and listing as appropriate for all
nozzles, manholes, couplings and other openings, their service, nominal size, schedule, rating,
type and flange facing etc. Nozzles shall be numbered N1, N2, N3, etc., and couplings shall be
numbered C1, C2, C3, etc.

p)

For the controlling design conditions specified for each tank, the arrangement drawing shall show
the magnitude and direction of the maximum significant reaction design forces, shears and
moments which will be imposed on the support foundation to be supplied by others.

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A.2

q)

In the case of major removable internal items, the drawings shall show the clear area required for
their withdrawal.

r)

Comprehensive descriptive notes, including those covering design, fabrication, erection, testing and
surface treatment.

Drafting and Documentation Requirements

A.2.1

The wording on all drawings and documents furnished by Vendors shall be in the English language,
and only English (SI) units shall be used for the applicable engineering units and dimensions, and
that tank capacities shall be shown in U.S. barrels. The following metric standard international
paper sizes shall be used.
A-1
A-2
A-3
A-4

:
:
:
:

593
420
297
210

mm
mm
mm
mm

x
x
x
x

841
594
420
297

mm
mm
mm
mm

A-1 size sheets are preferred, and larger sizes not be used. The A-4 size shall be used for the
presentation of all design calculations, reports, parts lists and operating/maintenance manuals, etc.
A.2.2

Unbound A-4 sized documents such as design calculations shall be furnished with a suitable
margin to facilitate filing in a three-ring binder.

A.2.3

Reproducibles required for approval purposes may be the translucent paper type, but those required
for record purposes shall be of durable plastic film. All reproducibles shall be of a high standard of
drawing quality and clarity to ensure that Company can use them to produce contact prints which
are satisfactory for microfilming. Accordingly Vendor's original drawings from which reproducibles
and prints are to be made shall comply with the following standards. Design calculations,parts lists
and manuals etc. furnished on A-4 sized originals and prints shall be of similar quality and be
suitable for photostat copying:
a)

All linework and printing on drawing originals shall be sharp and of sufficient density and
contrast to allow clear prints to be readily made from any reproducible produced from each
original. Consequently the drafting for drawing originals should preferably be performed with
drawing pens using black drawing ink on high quality tracing paper or transparent drafting
film.

b)

Each drafted line shall be uniform in width and density. Line thicknesses shall be
appropriate for the size and scale of the drawing. For drawings of sizes A-1 and A-2 no line
shall be less than 0.25 mm width.

c)

All letters and figures shall be printed so that they are properly formed and proportioned. For
drawings of sizes A-4 to A-2 inclusive the minimum height of lettering shall be 2.5 mm. For
drawings above size A-2 the minimum height of lettering shall be 3.0 mm. All letters and
words shall be properly spaced in each line and the spacing between consecutive lines of
lettering should be at least one and one half times the letter height.

d)

Each drawing shall be prepared so that the views, dimensions, lines, notes and various
details are adequately spaced and separated over the area of the sheet. Cross hatching and
similar techniques should be used only when essential for clarity.

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e)

Where additions are made such as revisions to existing drawings, then the new line width
and density shall match that of the original drafting, all erasures shall be made carefully and
cleanly to avoid leaving ghosted outlines which may show during subsequent printing and
micro-filming and, for the same reason, care shall be taken to ensure that the drawing
originals and reproducibles are kept free of folds, tears, wrinkles, smudging and dirt.

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APPENDIX B
INSPECTION SCHEDULE

The appropriate scheduling of all applicable inspection requirements shall be the responsibility of Vendor, who shall
highlight critical inspection and testing times on the required manufacturing bar chart to be submitted for approval.
Vendor shall notify Company at least five days in advance of all impending inspections and tests where the
presence of Company has previously been agreed upon. Such agreement shall be based on but not limited to
consideration of the following:
a)

Welding procedure specifications and qualifications of welders and/or welding operators.

b)

Inspection and identification of plate, pipe, forgings and other material against the corresponding mill test
certificates, and the transfer of heat numbers on plate material.

c)

Mechanical testing of qualification test plates for welding procedures, welders and/or welding operators.

d)

Inspection of material after cutting and shaping, with the plate edges prepared for welding.

e)

Inspection of shop and field production welding.

f)

Mechanical testing of production weld test plates.

g)

Inspection of the assembly and alignment of tank sections and components before and during shop and
field welding, e.g. shell plates, manholes, nozzles and flush-type cleanout fittings shop welded into a shell
plate and/or reinforcing pad.

h)

Inspection of the non-destructive examination results of welded joints, including vacuum testing of bottom
plate joints, and applicable testing of joints in floating roofs. The results of the non-destructive examination
of welded repairs shall also be examined.

i)

Dimensional and tolerance check of the tank during and after erection.

j)

Hydrostatic test of the tank, pneumatic testing of roof joints and reinforcing pads.

k)

Inspection of the cleaned and dried tank after the hydrostatic test.

l)

Inspection of the completed tank after the application of surface treatment and/or thermal insulation.

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