SA 15 16 XII XII Chemistry Unit-1 Section-C

100
Physical Chemistry
Success Achiever (Solutions)
Section - C : Assertion - Reason Type

1.
Answer (1)
H2SO4 NaOH NaHSO4 H2O
Equivalent weight of H2SO4 = 98
2.
Answer (3)
1 mole of all substances contain same number of molecules.
3.
Answer (2)
NH3 cannot give OH but it is base.
4.
Answer (3)
Normality and volume both should be same for acids and bases.
5.
Answer (1)
CuSO4 5H2O CuSO4 5H2O .

6.
Answer (2)
According to law of equivalence.
7.
Answer (3)
Number of molecules in given mass of substance are independent of pressure and temperature.
8.
Answer (4)
H3PO3 is dibasic acid.
9.
Answer (4)
Volume depends on pressure and temperature.
10. Answer (3)

Mol. mass = 2 V.D.
11. Answer (1)
H3PO4 + 2NaOH Na2HPO4 + H2O.
Equivalent mass of H3PO 4
M
(M = molecular mass of H3PO4).
2
12. Answer (4)

Cl2 is oxidising agent.
13. Answer (4)
Molality is independent to temperature.
14. Answer (1)
H2SO4 is dibasic acid and NaOH is monoacidic base.
15. Answer (1)
These are many excited energy level are available.
16. Answer (1)
For 4s-sub shell l = 0.
17. Answer (1)
It is Hunds rule.
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Physical Chemistry
101
18. Answer (1)

It is Paulis exclusion principle.
19. Answer (2)
In hydrogen, energy of orbital depend on x.
20. Answer (2)
Electrons have dual nature.
21. Answer (1)
Due to low ionisation energy Cs used to make the photoelectric cells.
22. Answer (2)
Velocity of e in Bohr orbit = 2.188 108 cm/sec
While velocity of light is 3 1010 cm/sec
23. Answer (2)
Radius of nucleus is of the order 1015 m.
24. Answer (1)
mvr =
nh
2
This expression suggests that the quantisation of energy was justified. When deBroglie proposed the dual
theory and defined orbital as integral multiple of .
25. Answer (2)
Orientation of orbitals in space is determined by magnetic quantum number.
26. Answer (1)
The radius of nth shell rn = 0.529
n2
.
z
27. Answer (2)

According to Mulliken
E.N. =
I.E. E.A.
2
Electronegativity show regular trend while ionisation energy and electron affinity do not show regular trend along
the group and period.
28. Answer (1)
Ionisation energy of Gallium = 579 kJ/mol
Ionisation energy of aluminium = 577 kJ/mole
29. Answer (2)
He is a noble gas.
30. Answer (4)
SiO2 is more acidic than Al2O3
31. Answer (2)
Both statements are correct. Oxidising character do not depend only on electron affinity, it also depend on
hydration energy and bond dissociation energy.
102
Physical Chemistry
32. Answer (3)

Ionisation energy of Be is higher than ionisation energy of B. This is due to high penetration power of 2s orbital
than 2p and full filled electronic configuration of Be.
33. Answer (3)
Electron affinity of fluorine is less than chlorine because of small size and high electron density.
34. Answer (4)
In alkali metal, 2nd ionisation energy is 7-14 times greater than 1st ionisation energy.
35. Answer (1)
Charge density =
Ionic ch arg e
Ionic radius
36. Answer (1)
S
F
Less bp-lp repulsion than tetrahedral shape.
37. Answer (1)

Resultant bond moments of CH3 and C2H5 lie in same direction as oxygen.
38. Answer (2)
HF is more polar due to large electronegativity difference.
39. Answer (4)
In both BCl3 and BBr3 bond angles are 120.
40. Answer (3)
C
, this negative charge can be delocalised in Cl atom.
Cl Cl Cl
41. Answer (2)
Some part of Cl atoms is in sharing.
ra
rc
42. Answer (1)

It is not easier to calculate exact atomic radius of inert gas element.
43. Answer (1)
Fact.
Physical Chemistry
103
44. Answer (2)

H2, Br2 etc. are 100% covalent in this para form.
45. Answer (3)
C2 contains two -bonds and zero bonds.
46. Answer (1)
Due to back bonding more repulsion is present.
47. Answer (3)
In PCl5 PCl axial bond length are more than bond length PCl eq.
48. Answer (1)
Electron is removed from * (2s2).
49. Answer (1)
Fact
50. Answer (2)
From PV = nRT at constant V, pressure is directly proportional to temperature.
51. Answer (1)
Due to H-bonding intermolecular force of attraction is high hence a is high.
52. Answer (2)
In ideal gas the volume occupied by the gas molecules is negligible as compared to the volume occupied
by the gas.
53. Answer (2)
It is Boyles law.
54. Answer (4)
Vapour pressure cannot be changed by changing surface area.
55. Answer (3)
Co-efficient of viscosity does not depend upon depth.
56. Answer (1)
Inversion temperature of He is low and the gas is allowed to expand above its inversion tempeature.
57. Answer (4)
Noble gases cannot be liquefied easily.
58. Answer (4)
Vrms
3RT
M
as rms velocity depends on molecular mass hence assertion is false.

59. Answer (1)
Fact
60. Answer (3)
Volume number of moles.
61. Answer (3)
Value of state functions depend only on the state of system not on how it is reached.
104
Physical Chemistry
62. Answer (1)

Both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
63. Answer (4)
In reversible process changes are carried out through Quasi equilibrium state.
64. Answer (1)
Heat change at constant pressure is equal to enthalpy change H = E + PV.
65. Answer (4)
Enthalpy is zero but entropy is not zero.
66. Answer (1)
HF evolves more heat than 13.7 kcal/mole due to large |hyd.HF|.
67. Answer (4)
Sm can be zero only at 0 K.
68. Answer (4)
Heat of combustion is not always negative.
69. Answer (4)
Assertion false, reason is true.
70. Answer (4)
Assertion is false, reason is true.
71. Answer (4)
During dissolution of gases in water randomness of molecules become less and molecules arranged in proper
way so entropy change becomes negative.
72. Answer (4)
Enthalpy of atomization is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance is broken up into its isolated
atoms in gas phase
Na
Na
(s)
( g)
73. Answer (1)

In presence of water as solvent HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and HClO4 have same strength. This is due to levelling effect
of water.
74. Answer (3)
Lewis acids are those which can accept a pair of electrons like BF3, AlCl3.
75. Answer (1)
If a Bronsted acid is strong then its conjugate is weak and vice versa.
76. Answer (1)
HX(aq)
Ka =
H+(aq) + X(aq)
[H ] [ X ]
[HX]
At a given temperature Ka is a measure of strength of acid. Greater is the value Ka, more is the dissociation of HX
possible.
Physical Chemistry
105
77. Answer (1)

H2 PO 4 + H+
H3PO4
K a1
H2 PO 4
H+ + H PO 42
K a2
H PO 42
H+ + PO 43
K a3
Similarly bases which give two or more hydroxyl groups are known as polyacidic bases.
78. Answer (2)
Factual
79. Answer (4)
Alkali metal cations are exception.
80. Answer (1)
Both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
81. Answer (1)
82. Answer (1)
83. Answer (3)
Volume is decreased, reaction proceed in forward direction because decrease in volume increases number of
moles per unit volume. In order to nullify the effect reaction shifts in a direction which produces lesser number of
moles.
Let volume is decreased to half then concentration becomes 2 times.
KC =
[CH4 ] [H2 O]
[CO] [H2 ]3
after decreasing volume
QC =
[2CH 4 ] [2H2 O]
[2CO] [2H2 ]3
KC
4
84. Answer (3)

KSP remains constant at a particular temperature.
85. Answer (3)
H3PO4
H+ + H2 PO 4
H2 PO 4
H+ + HPO 42
K a1
K a2
H+ and H2 PO 4 are having stronger ion pair attraction

hence K a2 < K a1
and
pK a2 < pK a1
86. Answer (1)

87. Answer (1)
88. Answer (3)
At equilibrium the conc. of reactants and products becomes constant.
89. Answer (1)
106
Physical Chemistry
90. Answer (4)

When a normal oxide converts into peroxide oxidation state remains same, as
H2O
1
O2 H2O2
2
91. Answer (1)
Example : H2O2
H2O O2
92. Answer (1)

The structure of H2SO5 is
(2)
(+1)
(2)
(+6) (1)
(1)
(+1)
HOSOOH
O
(2)
93. Answer (4)

The balanced equation is
4 FeS2 + 11 O2 2 Fe2O3 + 8 SO2.
94. Answer (2)
Factual type.
95. Answer (4)
(+2) (+3)
3+
Fe C2O4
+4
Fe + CO2
1 e
2 1e
Hence, equivalent weight of FeC2O4 =
M
3
96. Answer (3)

HNO3 behaves as an oxidising agent only because nitrogen is in highest oxidation state.
97. Answer (1)
In FeO, the oxidation number of Fe is +2 and in Fe2O3, the oxidation number of Fe is +3.
98. Answer (2)
Both statements are correct but statement-2 is not the correct explanation of statement-1 because in
ferrimagnetic substance, observed magnetic moment is less than the theoretical magnetic moment.
99. Answer (3)
Number of spheres are just half of the number of tetrahedral voids.
100. Answer (1)
Number of remaining Na+ ions = 4 1 (body ion) = 3 Na+ ions
1
Number of remaining Cl ions = 4 2 = 3 Cl ions

2
Hence, simplest formula of sodium chloride is NaCl.

Physical Chemistry
107
101. Answer (3)

ZnO becomes yellow due to the presence of extra Zn2+ in interstitial site. This defect is known as metal excess
defect.
102. Answer (2)
103. Answer (4)
In Schottky defect, the density of crystal decreases but overall electrical neutrality of the crystal is maintained.
104. Answer (4)
In antifluorite structure, the co-ordination number of Li+ ion is 4 and co-ordination number of O2 ion is 8.
105. Answer (4)
106. Answer (3)
The inter ionic distance in NaCl structure is
a
a
.
not
2
2
107. Answer (2)

Factual type.
108. Answer (2)
Fact.
109. Answer (4)
Degree of ionisation depends upon nature of electrolyte temperature and nature of solvent and independent
to the pressure.
110. Answer (4)
Fact.
111. Answer (4)
Tb is a colligative property which depend on number of molecule.
112. Answer (4)
Molal elevation constant depend on nature of solvent.
113. Answer (2)
In above question molality is constant therefore Tb Kb and Tf Kf.
Kb
Kf
Tb 2
2
and
Tf
1
1 (m constant)
Tb = 2Tf.
114. Answer (4)

When a non-volatile solute which dimerises is added to a volatile liquid then the number of particles actually
present is less than the number of particles added hence lowering of vapour pressure will be less.
115. Answer (4)
If XA = XB and PA PB then YA > YB and PA > PB
116. Answer (1)
K2HgI4 2K+ + HgI42
t=0
1
0
0
time = t
i = 1 + 2
[ = 0.5]
i = 2.
108
Physical Chemistry
117. Answer (2)

118. Answer (4)
The above mixture is ideal solution hence it cant be separated and does not form azeotrope therefore it is
called zeotropes.
119. Answer (2)
In the mixture solvent-solvent interaction is greater than solute solvent hence it is showing +ve deviation and
azeotropic mixture are seperated by azeotropic distillation.
120. Answer (4)
121. Answer (2)
122. Answer (1)
If ionic mobilities are different, potential drop taken place.
123. Answer (2)
...
Vsolution
Total ions are increase but number of ions per mL are decreased.
124. Answer (3)
b = A + B
A is inversely proportional to viscosity.
125. Answer (1)
In conc. cell, same electrodes are used in both half cells.
126. Answer (1)
Na+ (Hg) +e Na(s) + Hg (l)
127. Answer (3)
o
EoAl 3 / Al EMg
2
/ Mg
128. Answer (1)

Fact.
129. Answer (4)
Same charge is required.
130. Answer (1)
More value is available for movement of ions.
131. Answer (3)
Fact.
132. Answer (2)
Fact.
133. Answer (2)
G
G = H + T T , G = H TS
and G = nFE
S = nF
dE
dT
Physical Chemistry
109
134. Answer (2)

Arrhenius equation explains the dependence of temperature at rate constant as k A e Ea / RT
Slope =
Ea
2.303R
log k
1/T
135. Answer (1)
k A e Ea / RT
at
T
k = A e0 = A
136. Answer (4)

Rate constant always increase with rise in temperature
E a
K Ae RT
137. Answer (3)

For, zero order reaction
Rate = k[A] 0
Rate = k
Rate of reaction does not depend on temperature
138. Answer (4)
139. Answer (2)
Alkaline hydrolysis of ester
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH CH3COONa + C2H5OH
Rate = k [CH3 COOC2H5 ] [NaOH]
Order of reaction is 2.
140. Answer (1)

H = Eaf Eab
For endothermic reaction H should be (+)ve this is possible only
Eaf > Eab
141. Answer (1)
Catalyst the decreases the activation energy of the reaction as a result the rate of chemical reaction
increases.
110
Physical Chemistry
142. Answer (1)
t1/ 2
1
a
n 1
t1/2 a
for zero order reaction
therefore on increasing the initial conc. of reactant half life of reaction increases.
143. Answer (2)
Molecularity is defined as the number of reactant species which collide simultaneously in step leading to
chemical reaction. It is always a whole number.
144. Answer (2)
For the completion of first order reaction infinite time is required
t3/4 =
2.303
1
log
k
1/ 4
2 0.6932
2 2.303 log 2
=
= 2 t1/2
k
k
145. Answer (4)

The reaction which have lower activation energy are generally fast.
146. Answer (3)
at = a0e kt
degree of dissociation =
a 0 a t a 0 a 0 e kt
1 e kt
a0
a0
147. Answer (2)

t1/2 =
0.6932
, so half life is independent of initial conc. of reactant.
k
148. Answer (2)

Initially bonds are formed but at high temperature, bonds are dissociated.
149. Answer (1)
OH
SnO 2
SnO2
SnO32
[SnO2] SnO32
150. Answer (1)

151. Answer (2)
152. Answer (4)
These are negatively charged sols.
153. Answer (3)
Small particle has less surface area.
154. Answer (4)
Rate of adsorption is decreased by increase in temperature and decrease in pressure.
155. Answer (3)
It is due to autocatalysis by Mn+2 ions.

SA 15 16 XII XII Chemistry Unit-1 Section-C

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100

Success Achiever (Solutions)

Section - C : Assertion - Reason Type

CuSO4 5H2O CuSO4 5H2O .

10. Answer (3)

12. Answer (4)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

18. Answer (1)

27. Answer (2)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

32. Answer (3)

36. Answer (1)

Less bp-lp repulsion than tetrahedral shape.

37. Answer (1)

42. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

44. Answer (2)

as rms velocity depends on molecular mass hence assertion is false.

Success Achiever (Solutions)

62. Answer (1)

73. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

77. Answer (1)

after decreasing volume

84. Answer (3)

H+ and H2 PO 4 are having stronger ion pair attraction

86. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

90. Answer (4)

91. Answer (1)

92. Answer (1)

93. Answer (4)

96. Answer (3)

Number of remaining Cl ions = 4 2 = 3 Cl ions

Hence, simplest formula of sodium chloride is NaCl.

Success Achiever (Solutions)

101. Answer (3)

107. Answer (2)

114. Answer (4)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

117. Answer (2)

128. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

134. Answer (2)

136. Answer (4)

137. Answer (3)

140. Answer (1)

Success Achiever (Solutions)

142. Answer (1)

for zero order reaction

145. Answer (4)

147. Answer (2)

148. Answer (2)

150. Answer (1)

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