Stuctural Calculations

KAAF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN GROUP THREE
CHRISTIAN BAFFOEHACKMAN 21401613

STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016
CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016
Design Calculations
Reference
Calculation
Output
Design Information
Intended Use
Laboratory,Office,Washroom
s
1.5 hour for all elements
Fire Resistance
LOADINGS
Roof
Imposed(kN/m2)
-2
- Finishes (kN/m2) 1.5

- Imposed(kN/m2) 4
Floor
- Finishes(kN/m2) 0.5
Stair
- Imposed (kN/m2) 4
Exposure Class
- Finishes (kN/m2) 0.5

External Moderate
Subsoil Conditions
Internal Mild
Allowable bearing pressure
Foundation Type
(kN/m2) 200
Reinforced
footings
to
Concrete
Columns
and
walls
Characteristics Strength of
Materials
Main bars and Links (N/mm2)

250kNm
Self-Weight
of
Concrete
(N/mm2) 24
Reference
Calculation
CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE
Output
Floor Slab Design

Floor Slab S1. ( refer to drawing sheet)
k=
ly 7.65
=
=1.84 . Since K 2, the slab istwo way
lx 4.15
Cover For Durability and Fire Resistance

Nominal Cover for Mild exposure = 20mm
Therefore Cover not less than 20mm
150 mm Slab with 25 mm Cover will give1.5 hr fire resistance
Use 25 mmCover at TopBottom
LOADINGS
2
Self Weight of Slab=0.15 x 24=36 kN m

2
FinishesPartitions=1.0 kN m
Total Dead Load ( G k )=4.6 kN m2
Imposed Load ( QK )=4.0 kN m
Design Load ( w )=1.4 ( Gk ) + 1.6 ( QK )

w=1.4 ( 4.6 ) +1.6 ( 4.0 )
w=12.84 kN m2
DESIGN MOMENT SHEAR
table 3.14 of BS 8110

Slab S 1 is described as two adjacent edge discontinoues.
X Direction=M sx =B sx Fl x
Y Direction=M sy=B sy Fl y
Ms x .edge =0.09 x 12.84 x 4.152=19.9 kNm

2
Ms x .mid span =0.068 x 12.84 x 4.15 =15.04 kNm

Ms y .edge =0.045 x 12.84 x 4.152=9.95 kNm
Ms y .mid span =0.034 x 12.84 x 4.152 =7.52kNm
Reference
Calculation
Output
Reinforcement (Shorter Span)
Span
M (x )=15.04 kNm
Assume effective depth ( d ) =15020
12
=124 mm
2
m
15.04 x 106
k= 2 =
=0.039
b d fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30
k lever arm factor .
0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
0.25
0.039
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
Z =d ( 0.95 ) , this is satisfactory .
As required =
( 15.04 x 106 )
m
=
=537.6 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
The Minimum area of reinforcement

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm
TRY R 12@175 mm Centers=646 mm2
Support
M (x )=19.9 kNm
m
19.9 x 106
k= 2 =
=0.043
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30
0.25
0.043
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
As required =
( 19.9 x 106 )
m
=
=711.3 mm 2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm
TRY R 12@125 mm Centers=905 mm2
Reinforcement (Longer Span)
Span
M ( y )=7.52kNm
k=
12
=124 mm
2
m
7.52 x 106
=
=0.0163
b d 2 fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30
0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
0.25
0.0163
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
z
Z =d ( 0.98 ) , this is unsatisfactory therefore adopt =95
d
As required =
( 7.52 x 106 )
m
=
=268.79 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm
TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers=377 mm2

Support
M ( y ) =9.95 kNm
k=
m
9.95 x 106
=
=0.022
2
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30
0.25
0.022
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
As required =
( 9.95 x 106 )
m
=
=355.6 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2

2
TRY R 12@ 250 mmCenters=452 mm
Checks
Deflection
Basic Span / Depth = 26
m
19.9 x 102
=
=1.29
b d 2 1000 x 124 2
Therefore modification factor = 1.63
Allowable Span/depth ratio = 1.63 x 26 = 42.38
Actual Span/depth ratio
L x 4150
=
=33.5
d
124
since 42.38>33.5 , Deflection is ok
CRACKING
Max Spacing ( 3 d ) =3 x 124=372
Spacing between bars=25012=238. ok
No further checks is necessary as h=150<200
Reference
Calculation
Floor Slab S2
Slab S2 is described as one short edge discontinuous.
L y 7.65
=
=1.84, one way slab
Lx 4.15
Ms x .edge =0.065 x 12.84 x 4.152=14.4 kNm

2

Ms y .edge =0.037 x 12.84 x 4.152=8.18 kNm
Ms y .mid span =0.028 x 12.84 x 4.152=6.19 kNm
Span
M (x )=10.8 kNm
6
k=
m
10.8 x 10
=
=0.023
2
b d fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30

0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
12
=124 mm
2
Output
0.25
0.023
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
Z =d ( 0.97 ) ,this is unsatisfactory .therefore adopt
z
=0.95
d
( 10.8 x 106 )
m
As required =
=
=386.02 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm
TRY R 12@ 250 mmCenters=452 mm2

M (x )=14.4 kNm
Support
k=
m
14.4 x 106
=
=0.031
2
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30

0.25
0.031
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
z
Z =d ( 0.96 ) ,this is unsatisfactory .therefore adopt =0.95
d
As required =
( 14.4 x 106 )
m
=
=514.7 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2
2
TRY R 12@175 mm Centers=646 mm
Span
M ( y ) =6.19 kNm
12
=124 mm
2
k=
m
6.19 x 10
=
=0.013
2
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30

0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
0.25
0.013
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
z
d
As required =
( 6.19 x 106 )
m
=
=221.2 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2

2
TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers=377 mm

Support
M ( y )=8.18 kNm
k=
m
8.18 x 106
=
=0.018
b d 2 fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30
0.25
0.018
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
z
Z =d ( 0.98 ) , this is unsatisfactory ,therefore adopt =0.95
d
As required =
( 8.18 x 106 )
m
=
=117.8 mm 2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2
Checks
Deflection
m
14.4 x 10 6
=
=0.94
2
2
b d 1000 x 124
Therefore modification factor = 1.91
Allowable Span/depth ratio = 1.91 x 26 = 49.66
L x 4150
=
=33.5
d
124
since 49.66>33.5, Deflection is ok .
CRACKING
Max Spacing ( 3 d ) =3 x 124=372
Spacing between bars=25012=238. ok
No further checks is necessary as h=150<200
Reference
Calculation
Floor Slab S2
Slab S2 is described as one short edge discontinuous.
L y 4.15
=
=1.66, one way slab
Lx 2.5
Ms x .edge =0.083 x 12.84 x 2.52=6.66 kNm

2

Ms y .edge =0.045 x 12.84 x 2.5 2=3.61 kNm
2
Ms y .mid span =0.034 x 12.84 x 2.5 =2.73 kNm
Span
M (x )=4.98 kNm
m
4.98 x 106
k= 2 =
=0.011
b d fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30
0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
12
=124 mm
2
Output
0.25
0.011
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
Z =d ( 0.99 ) , this is unsatisfactory .therefore adopt
z
=0.95
d
( 4.98 x 106 )
m
As required =
=
=178 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
but Asminimum=0 .0024 x 1000 x 24=297.6 mm

TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers377 mm2
Reference
Calculation
Output
Support
M (x )=6.66 kNm
k=
12
=124 mm
2
m
6.66 x 106
=
=0.014
b d 2 fcu 1000 x 1242 x 30

0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
0.25
0.014
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z =d
Z =d ( 0.99 ) , this is unsatisfactory .therefore adopt
z
=0.95
d
As required =
( 6.66 x 106 )
m
=
=238.05 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
but Asminimum=0 .0024 x 1000 x 24=297.6 mm

TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers377 mm2
Span
M ( y ) =2.73 kNm
k=
m
2.73 x 106
=
=0.006
2
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30
0.25
k
0.9
()
0.5+
Z=d
0.25
0.006
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
12
=124 mm
2
Reference
Calculation
Output
z
d
( 2.73 x 106 )
m
As required =
=
=97.6 mm 2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124
As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2
2
TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers=377 mm

Support
M ( y )=3.61kNm
k=
m
3.61 x 106
=
=0.003
2
2
b d fcu 1000 x 124 x 30
0.25
0.003
(
)
0.9
0.5+
Z=d
z
Z =d ( 0.98 ) , this is unsatisfactory ,therefore adopt =0.95
d
As required =
( 3.61 x 106 )
m
=
=129.03 mm2
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 250 x 0.95 x 124

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2
Checks
Deflection
6
m
6.66 x 10
=
=0.43
2
b d 1000 x 124 2
Therefore modification factor = 2
Reference
Calculation
Output
Allowable Span/depth ratio = 2 x 26 = 52
L x 2500
=
=20
d
124
since 52>20, Deflection is ok .
Reference
Calculation
Output
R.C BEAM DESIGN

Design Parameters
Slab Thickness=150 mm
Beam=600 mm x 300mm
2
Characteristics Strenght ( fcu )=30 kN m

Density ( pconc )=24 kN m2
Concrete Cover=45 mm
Safety factor =( 1 ) Gk =1.4 . ( 2 ) Qk =1.6

Main Bars=H 32
Shear Links=H 12
Live Load ( Q k )=4 kN m2

Finishes=1.5
LOADINGS
Dead Load ( gk )
Weight of Slab=0.15 x 24 x 4.15=14.94
Weight of Downstand=0.3 x 0.45 x 24=3.24
Finishes=1.5 x 4.15=6.23
Total Dead Load ( g k )=24.41 kN m2
Imposed Load ( qk ) =4 x 4.15=16.6 kN m2
Design Uniformely Distributed Load ( w )=1.4 g k +1.6 qk
w=60.73 kN m1
Bending Moment
m=
wl 2 60.73 x 7.652
=
=444.3 kN m1
8
8
Ultimate Beam Capacity ( Mu )

Mu=0.156 fcub d 2
Reference
Calculation
Output
but d =6004512322=527 mm
Mu=
0.156 x 30 x 300 x 5272

=389.9 kN
106
Since Mu< M , Compressive reinforcement is required
30
d 1=c +1 + =30+12+ =57
2
2
z
k1
=0.5+ 0.25
d
0.9
z
0.156
=0.5+ 0.25
d
0.9
z
=0.78
d
z=0.78 d=0.78 x 527=411
Depth neutral axis
x=
( dz ) ( 527411 )
=
=258 mm
0.45
0.45
d
57
=
=0.22<0.37, therefore compression steel has yielded .
x 258
Area of Compression Steel
As =
M Mu
0.95 fy ( dd1 )
As =
( 444.3389.9 ) x 10 6
=406 m m2
0.95 x 300 x (52757)
REFERENC
E
Now provide 2 H 20 @ 628 mm

Area of tension steels
As=
Mu
+As
0.95 fyZ
OUTPUT
389.9 x 106
As=
+ 406
0.95 x 460 x 411
A s =2170.85+406
A s =2577 mm
Provide 4 H 32@ 3217 mm2

CALCULATION
Shear Calculation
UDL=60.73 kNm
R=
R=60.73 x
Ved min =232.9
wxl
2
7.65
=232.9 kN
2
[( )
0.4
x 2.5 x 0.422 x 1000
2
Ved min =211.8

V min =0.15 db fcu
V min =
0.15 x 543 x 300 x 30

3
10
V min =133.8
Use 2legs H 12 links
REF: BS
CALCULATION
8110
BEAM 1A 3A
LOADINGS
Slab Load=0.15 x 24 x 2.075=7.47
Beam Load=0.3 x 0.45 x 24=3.24

Finishes=1.5 x 2.075=3.11
Total Dead Load ( g k )=13.82 kN m1

Imposed Load ( qk )
( gk ) =4 x 2.075=8.3 kN m1
Design Uniformly Distributed
( w )=1.4 ( gk ) +1.6 ( qk )
w=1.4 ( 13.82 ) +1.6 ( 8.3 )
w=32.63 kN m1
BENDING MOMENT
2
M=
wl
8
M=
32.63 x 7.8
8
M=248.2 kN m
Ultimate Beam Capacity ( Mu )

Mu=0.156 fcub d 2
OUTPUT
but d =6004512
25
2
d=396 kN m1
Mu=
0.156 x 30 x 300 x 5312

=396 kNm
10 6
Since Mu> M , no compressive reinforcement isrequired .
m
248.2 x 106
k= 2 =
=0.077
b d fcu 300 x 6002 x 30
REF: BS
CALCULATION
8110
OUTPUT
Z
0.077
=0.5+ 0.25
=0.91
d
0.9
Since Z=0.91 d <0.95,
no additional compressive reinforcement isrequired

As=
M
0.95 fyZ
6
As=
248.2 x 10
0.95 x 500 x 0.91 ( 531 )
A s =1081m m
PROVIDE 3 H 25@ 1473 mm2
REF
CALCULATION
OUTPUT
BEAM 1A 1B
Beam Loads=0.3 x 0.45 x 24=3.24
Finishes=1.5 x 4.15=6.23
1
Total Dead Load ( gk )=9.47 kN m

Imposed Load ( qk )
qk =4 x 4.15
qk =16.6 kN m1
BENDING MOMENT
M=
wl 2
8
M=
39.8 x 4.152
=85.7 kN m1
8
Mu=0.156 fcub d 2
but d =45045
Mu=
20
=395
2
0.156 x 30 x 300 x 3952

=219
10 6
Since Mu> M , no compressive reinforcement isrequired
K=
M
85.7 x 106
=
0.047
2
2
b d fcu 300 x 450 x 30
Z
k
=0.5+ 0.25
d
0.9
Z
0.047
=0.5+ 0.25
=0.94
d
0.9
Z =0.94 d=0.94 ( 395 )=372.5
M
85.7 x 106
As=
=
=486 mm
0.95 fyZ 0.95 x 500 x 371.3
[PROVIDE 2 H 20 @628 mm2 ]
REF:
CALCULATION
OUTPUT
REF
CALCULATION
OUTPUT
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KAAF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN GROUP THREE

CHRISTIAN BAFFOEHACKMAN 21401613

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

- Finishes (kN/m2) 1.5

- Finishes (kN/m2) 0.5

Main bars and Links (N/mm2)

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

Floor Slab Design

Cover For Durability and Fire Resistance

Use 25 mmCover at TopBottom

Self Weight of Slab=0.15 x 24=36 kN m

Total Dead Load ( G k )=4.6 kN m2

Imposed Load ( QK )=4.0 kN m

Design Load ( w )=1.4 ( Gk ) + 1.6 ( QK )

table 3.14 of BS 8110

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

Ms x .edge =0.09 x 12.84 x 4.152=19.9 kNm

Ms x .mid span =0.068 x 12.84 x 4.15 =15.04 kNm

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

Reinforcement (Shorter Span)

The Minimum area of reinforcement

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

The Minimum area of reinforcement

Reinforcement (Longer Span)

k lever arm factor .

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

The Minimum area of reinforcement

TRY R 12@ 300mm Centers=377 mm2

k lever arm factor .

The Minimum area of reinforcement

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2

TRY R 12@ 250 mmCenters=452 mm

Actual Span/depth ratio

since 42.38>33.5 , Deflection is ok

No further checks is necessary as h=150<200

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

Ms x .edge =0.065 x 12.84 x 4.152=14.4 kNm

Ms x .mid span =0.049 x 12.84 x 4.15 =10.8 kNm

Reinforcement (Shorter Span)

k lever arm factor .

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

The Minimum area of reinforcement

TRY R 12@ 250 mmCenters=452 mm2

k lever arm factor .

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

The Minimum area of reinforcement

TRY R 12@175 mm Centers=646 mm

Reinforcement (Longer Span)

k lever arm factor .

The Minimum area of reinforcement

CHRISTIAN BAFFOE HACKMAN 21401613|GROUP THREE

CIV 497 CIVIL ENGINEERING DESIGN STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT 2016

As minimum=0.0024 x 1000 x 124=297.6 mm2