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PEPERIKSAAN
SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION)
PHYSICS
Syllabus, Specimen Papers and Specimen Experiment
This syllabus applies for the 2012/2013 session and thereafter until further notice.
FOREWORD
This revised Physics syllabus is designed to replace the existing syllabus which has been in use since
the 2001 STPM examination. This new syllabus will be enforced in 2012 and the first examination
will also be held the same year. The revision of the syllabus takes into account the changes made by
the Malaysian Examinations Council (MEC) to the existing STPM examination. Through the new
system, sixth-form study will be divided into three terms, and candidates will sit for an examination at
the end of each term. The new syllabus fulfils the requirements of this new system. The main
objective of introducing the new examination system is to enhance the teaching and learning
orientation in sixth form so as to be in line with the orientation of teaching and learning in colleges
and universities.
The revision of the Physics syllabus incorporates current developments in physics studies and syllabus
design in Malaysia. The syllabus will give students exposure to pre-university level about Physics that
includes mechanics and thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, oscillations and waves, optics,
and modern physics. The syllabus contains topics, teaching periods, learning outcomes, examination
format, grade description, and sample questions.
The design of this syllabus was undertaken by a committee chaired by Professor Dato Dr. Mohd.
Zambri bin Zainuddin from University of Malaya. Other committee members consist of university
lecturers, representatives from the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education
Malaysia, and experienced teachers teaching Physics. On behalf of the MEC, I would like to thank the
committee for their commitment and invaluable contribution. It is hoped that this syllabus will be a
guide for teachers and candidates in the teaching and learning process.
CONTENTS
Syllabus 960 Physics
Page
Aims
Objectives
Content
First Term:
29
10 15
Third Term:
16 22
23 24
24
25 26
27
28 30
Values of constants
31
Reference Books
32
Specimen Paper 1
33 48
Specimen Paper 2
49 66
Specimen Paper 3
67 82
83 85
Specimen Paper 5
87 113
SYLLABUS
960 PHYSICS
Aims
This syllabus aims to enhance candidates knowledge and understanding of physics to enable them to
either further their studies at institutions of higher learning or assist them to embark on a related
career and also to promote awareness among them of the role of physics in the universe.
Objectives
The objectives of this syllabus are to enable candidates to:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
analyse, synthesise, and evaluate information and ideas logically and critically;
(e)
(f)
(g)
develop proper attitudes, ethics, and values in the study and practice of physics.
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
1.1
Dimensions of
physical quantities
1.3
(f)
Uncertainties in
measurements
Kinematics
2.1
Linear motion
(b) sketch and use the graphs of displacementtime, velocity-time and acceleration-time for
the motion of a body with constant
acceleration;
2.2
Projectiles
Topic
3
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
Dynamics
12
3.1
Newtons laws of
motion
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Centre of mass
Frictional forces
(i)
(j)
4.1
Work
1
2
mv 2 ;
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(f)
Power
Circular Motion
5.1
Angular displacement
and angular velocity
5.2
Centripetal
acceleration
5.3
Centripetal force
(f)
v2
and a = r 2 ;
r
Gravitation
10
6.1
Newtons law of
universal gravitation
6.2
Gravitational field
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
GM
for a gravitational
r2
field;
6.3
Gravitational potential
GM
;
r
6.4
Satellite motion in a
circular orbit
(j)
6.5
Escape velocity
dV
;
dr
(i)
Statics
7.1
Centre of gravity
Equilibrium of
particles
7.3
Equilibrium of rigid
bodies
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(g) sketch and label the forces which act on a
particle and a rigid body;
(h) use the triangle of forces to represent forces in
equilibrium;
(i)
Deformation of Solids
8.1
8.2
Force-extension graph
and stress-strain graph
Strain energy
14
9.1
9.2
Pressure of a gas
9.3
Molecular kinetic
energy
k=
R
;
NA
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(e) derive and use the expression for the mean
translational kinetic energy of a molecule,
1
2
9.4
(f)
mc 2 = kT ;
2
9.5
Degrees of freedom
and law of
equipartition of energy
(i)
(j)
Internal energy of an
ideal gas
10 Thermodynamics of Gases
10.1 Heat capacities
14
Q = nCp,m ;
10.2 Work done by a gas
Topic
10.3 First law of
thermodynamics
Teaching
Period
5
Learning Outcome
(d) state and apply the first law of
thermodynamics Q = U + W ;
(e) deduce the relationship U = nCV, m T from
the first law of thermodynamics;
(f)
Cp, m
CV, m
to identify the
types of molecules;
10.4 Isothermal and
adiabatic changes
(i)
(j)
11 Heat Transfer
11.1 Conduction
10
(f)
Topic
11.3 Radiation
Teaching
Period
3
Learning Outcome
(h) describe heat transfer by radiation;
(i)
(j)
dQ
= e AT 4 ;
dt
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
12
12 Electrostatics
(f)
Q
4 0 r
(j)
dV
dr
12
13.1 Capacitance
13 Capacitors
Q
A
to derive C = 0 for
d
V
the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor;
10
Topic
13.3 Dielectrics
Teaching
Period
2
Learning Outcome
(d) define relative permittivity r (dielectric
constant);
(e) describe the effect of a dielectric in a parallel
plate capacitor;
(f)
r 0 A
d
U=
QV , U =
Q2
and U =
2
2 C
(derivations are not required);
1
2
CV 2
(i)
(j)
Q = Q0 1 e
, V = V0 1 e
and
14.1 Conduction of
electricity
10
11
Topic
14.2 Drift velocity
Teaching
Period
2
Learning Outcome
(c) explain the concept of drift velocity;
(d) derive and use the equation I = Anev ;
ne 2t
;
m
RA
;
l
(i)
(j)
12
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
18
16 Magnetic Fields
0 NI
0 I1I 2l
for the
2 d
force between two parallel current-carrying
conductors;
(i)
(j)
(l)
13
Topic
Teaching
Period
17 Electromagnetic Induction
18
Learning Outcome
dI
and LI = N ;
dt
18 Alternating Current
Circuits
12
14
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(i)
(j)
1
;
C
R2 + ( X L X C )2 ;
15
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
12
19.1 Characteristics of
simple harmonic
motion
19 Oscillations
a = 2 x ;
(c) derive and use the formula v = A2 x 2 ;
(d) describe, with graphical illustrations, the
variation in displacement, velocity and
acceleration with time;
(e) describe, with graphical illustrations, the
variation in velocity and acceleration with
displacement;
(f)
(i)
(j)
20 Wave Motion
20.1 Progressive waves
12
16
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
2 x
;
20.3 Principle of
superposition
(i)
(j)
00
significance;
(o) state the orders of the magnitude of
wavelengths and frequencies for different
types of electromagnetic waves.
21 Sound Waves
21.1 Propagation of sound
waves
14
p = p0 sin t kx + ;
2
17
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(c) use the standing wave equation to determine
the positions of nodes and antinodes of a
standing wave along a stretched string;
to determine the
(f)
21.4 Beat
(i)
22 Geometrical Optics
r
for spherical
2
mirrors;
(b) draw ray diagrams to show the formation of
images by concave mirrors and convex
mirrors;
1 1 1
(c) use the formula + =
for spherical
mirrors;
22.2 Refraction at spherical
surfaces
n1 n 2 n 2 n1
+
=
for
u
v
r
refraction at spherical surfaces;
18
Topic
22.3 Thin lenses
Teaching
Period
3
Learning Outcome
n1 n 2 n 2 n1
+
=
to derive
u
v
r
1 1 1
and
the thin lens formula + =
u v f
lensmakers equation
(f)
23 Wave Optics
23.1 Huygenss principle
1 1
1 nl
=
1 ;
f m nm r1 r2
16
23.2 Interference
(f)
(i)
(j)
D
for the
a
fringe separation in Youngs interference
pattern;
19
as the resolving
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
(l)
24 Quantum Physics
20
24.1 Photons
20
Topic
24.2 Wave-particle duality
Teaching
Period
2
Learning Outcome
(g) state de Broglies hypothesis;
(h) use the relation =
h
to calculate de Broglie
p
wavelength;
(i)
(j)
Z 2e4m
2
8 0 h2n2
for
Bohrs model;
(n) explain the production of emission line spectra
with reference to the transitions between
energy levels;
(o) explain the concepts of excitation energy and
ionisation energy;
24.4 X-rays
hc
;
eV
21
Topic
Teaching
Period
Learning Outcome
25 Nuclear Physics
14
25.1 Nucleus
25.2 Radioactivity
(f)
dN
= N
dt
(j)
(l)
25.3 Nuclear reactions
22
(b)
The ability to plan and carry out experiments using appropriate methods.
(c)
The ability to choose suitable equipment and use them correctly and carefully.
(d)
The ability to determine the best range of readings for more detailed and careful
measurements.
(e)
The ability to make observations, to take measurements and to record data with attention
given to precision, accuracy and units.
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
The ability to interpret, analyse and evaluate observations, experimental data, perform error
analysis and make deductions.
(j)
(k)
23
The objective of the project work is to enable candidates to acquire knowledge and integrate
practical skills in Physics with the aid of information and communications technology as well as to
develop soft skills as follows:
(a)
communications,
(b)
teamwork,
(c)
(d)
flexibility/adaptability,
(e)
leadership,
(f)
organising,
(g)
(h)
(b)
candidates from private schools which have no permission to carry out the school-based
assessment of practical work,
(c)
(d)
candidates who do not attend classes of lower six and upper six in two consecutive years
(in government or private schools).
(e)
candidates who take Physics other than the package offered by schools.
Three structured questions on routine practical work and/or design of experiments will be set.
MEC will not be strictly bound by the syllabus in setting questions. Where appropriate, candidates
will be given sufficient information to enable them to answer the questions. Only knowledge of theory
within the syllabus and knowledge of usual laboratory practical procedures will be expected.
The questions to be set will test candidates ability to:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
interpret, draw conclusions from, and evaluate observations and experimental data,
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
24
Scheme of Assessment
Term of
Study
Paper Code
and Name
First
Term
960/1
Physics
Paper 1
Theme/Title
Mechanics and
Thermodynamics
Type of Test
Written test
Mark
(Weighting)
Duration
Administration
1 hours
Central
assessment
1 hours
Central
assessment
60
(26.67%)
Section A
15 compulsory
multiple-choice
questions to be
answered.
15
Section B
2 compulsory
structured questions
to be answered.
15
Section C
2 questions to be
answered out of 3
essay questions.
30
Second
Term
960/2
Physics
Paper 2
Electricity and
Magnetism
Written test
60
(26.67%)
Section A
15 compulsory
multiple-choice
questions to be
answered.
15
Section B
2 compulsory
structured questions
to be answered.
15
Section C
2 questions to be
answered out of 3
essay questions.
30
25
Term of
Study
Paper Code
and Name
Third
Term
960/3
Physics
Paper 3
Theme/Title
Oscillations and
Waves, Optics
and Modern
Physics
Type of Test
Written test
Mark
(Weighting)
Duration
Administration
1 hours
Central
assessment
1 hours
Central
assessment
Through
-out the
three
terms
School-based
assessment
60
(26.67%)
Section A
15 compulsory
multiple-choice
questions to be
answered.
15
Section B
2 compulsory
structured questions
to be answered.
15
Section C
2 questions to be
answered out of 3
essay questions.
30
Written Physics
Practical
Written practical
test
45
(20%)
3 compulsory
structured questions
to be answered.
First,
Second
and
Third
Terms
960/4
Physics
Paper 4
Physics Practical
School-based
Assessment of
Practical
13 compulsory
experiments and
one project to be
carried out.
26
225
To be
scaled to 45
(20%)
Performance Descriptions
A Grade A candidate is likely able to:
(a)
recall the fundamental knowledge of Physics from the syllabus with few significant
omissions;
(b)
(c)
identify the appropriate information and apply the correct techniques to solve problems;
(d)
(e)
(f)
show good understanding of the underlying working principles and carry out extensive
calculation in numerical-type questions;
(g)
make adaptations, appropriate assumptions and use the fundamental knowledge of Physics
in analyzing an unfamiliar situation;
(h)
(i)
shows good knowledge relating precision of data to the accuracy of the final result;
(j)
(b)
show some understanding of the main principles and concepts in the syllabus;
(c)
present answer using common terminology and simple concepts in the syllabus;
(d)
(e)
(f)
show some understanding of the underlying Physics principles when carrying out numerical
work;
(g)
(h)
shows good knowledge relating precision of data to the accuracy of the final result;
(i)
27
Usual symbols
Units
Base quantities
Amount of matter
Electric current
Length
Mass
Temperature
Time
n
I
l
m
T
t
mol
A
m
kg
K
s
a
g
A
A
m s2
m s2
s1, Bq
m
, rad
rad s1
kg m2 rad s1
rad s1
rad s1
m2
kg
Other quantities
Acceleration
Acceleration of free fall
Activity of radioactive source
Amplitude
Angular displacement
.
Angular frequency
Angular momentum
Angular speed
Angular velocity
Area
Atomic mass
Atomic number (proton number)
Capacitance
Change of internal energy
Charge carrier density
Coefficient of friction
Conductivity
Critical angle
Current density
Decay constant
Density
Displacement
Distance
Electric charge
Electric field strength
Electric flux
Electric potential
Electric potential difference
Electromotive force
Electron mass
Elementary charge
Emissivity
Energy
Focal length
Force
,
,
A
ma
Z
C
U
n
s, x
d
Q, q
E
V
V, V
, E
me
e
e
E, U
f
F
28
F
J
m3
1m1
A m2
s1
kg m3
m
m
C
N C1
N C1 m2
V
V
V
kg, u
C
J
m
N
Quantity
Usual symbols
Force constant
Frequency
Gravitational field strength
Gravitational potential
Half-life
Heat
Heat capacity
Image distance
Impedance
Intensity
Internal energy
Latent heat
Magnetic flux
Magnetic flux density
Magnification power
Mass number (nucleon number)
Mass per unit length
Molar heat capacity
Molar mass
Molecular speed
Momentum
Mutual inductance
Neutron mass
Neutron number
Object distance
Period
Permeability
Permeability of free space
Permittivity
Permittivity of free space
Phase difference
Potential energy
Power
Pressure
Principal molar heat capacities
Radius
Ratio of heat capacities
Reactance
Refractive index
Relative atomic mass
Relative molecular mass
Relative permeability
Relative permittivity
Resistance
Resistivity
Self-inductance
Specific heat capacity
Specific latent heat
Speed
Speed of electromagnetic waves
k
f
g
V
t
Q
C
v
Z
I
U
L
B
m
A
Cm
M
c
p
M
mn
N
u
T
U
P
p
CV,m; Cp,m
r
N m1
Hz
N kg1
J kg1
s
J
J K1
m
W m2
J
J
Wb
T
kg m1
J K1 mol1
kg mol1
m s1
Ns
H
kg, u
m
s
H m1
H m1
F m1
F m1
, rad
J
W
Pa
J K1 mol1
m
X
n
Ar
Mr
m
H
J K1 kg1
J kg1
m s1
m s1
r
r
L
c
l
u, v
c
29
Units
Quantity
Usual symbols
Stress
Surface charge density
Temperature
Tension
Thermal conductivity
Time constant
Torque
Velocity
Volume
Wavelength
Wave number
Weight
Work
Work function
Youngs modulus
T,
T
k
u, v
V
k
W
W
, W
E, Y
30
Units
Pa
C m2
K, C
N
W m1 K1
s
Nm
m s1
m3
m
m1
N
J
J
Pa, N m2
960 PHYSICS
Values of constants
Acceleration of free fall
9.81 m s2
Avogadros constant
NA
Boltzmanns constant
k, kB
1.38 1023 J K1
Gravitational constant
1.60 1019 C
ME
5.97 1024 kg
MS
1.99 1030 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
1
9
1
10 F m
36
Plancks constant
6.63 1034 J s
RE
6.38 106 m
RS
6.96 108 m
me
9.11 1031 kg
mp
1.67 1027 kg
3.00 108 m s1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
5.67 108 W m2 K4
1.66 1027 kg
31
Reference Books
Teachers and candidates may use books specially written for the STPM examination and other
reference books such as those listed below.
1.
Adam, S. and Allday, J., 2000. Advanced Physics. New York: Oxford.
2.
Breithaupt, J., 2000. Understanding Physics for Advanced Level. 4th edition. Cheltenham:
Nelson Thornes.
3.
Duncan, T., 2000. Advanced Physics. 5th edition. London: John Murray.
4.
Giancoli, D.C., 2008. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics. 4th edition.
New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
5.
Giancoli, D.C., 2008. Physics-Principles with Application. 6th edition. New Jersey: Pearson
Prentice Hall.
6.
Halliday, D., Resnick, R., and Walker, J., 2008. Fundamentals of Physics. 8th edition. New
Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
7.
8.
Jewett Jr, J.W. and Serway, R.A., 2006. Serways Principles of Physics. 4th edition. California:
Thomson Brooks/Cole.
9.
Jewett Jr, J.W. and Serway, R.A., 2008. Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 7th edition.
California: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
10.
Nelkon, M. and Parker, P., 1995. Advanced Level Physics. 7th edition. Oxford: Heinemann.
11.
Young, H.D. and Freedman, R.A., 2011. University Physics with Modern Physics. 13th edition.
California: Pearson Addison Wesley.
32
SPECIMEN PAPER
960/1
STPM
PHYSICS (FIZIK)
PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions in Section A. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers. For each
question, four suggested answers are given. Choose the correct answer and circle the answer.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be shown. For numerical
answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper
and arrange your answers in numerical order.
Values of constants are provided on page
in this question paper.
Arahan kepada calon:
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan diberikan. Pilih jawapan yang betul dan buat bulatan
pada jawapan tersebut.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah
ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
Mulakan setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda
mengikut tertib berangka.
Nilai pemalar dibekalkan pada halaman
kertas soalan ini.
This question paper consists of
printed pages and
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia
STPM 960/1
33
blank page.
halaman kosong.)
A Power time
B Pressure volume
C Mass gravitational potential
D Specific heat capacity temperature
2 A ball is thrown upwards several times with the same speed at different angles of projection.
Which graph shows the variation of the horizontal range R with the angle of projection ?
3 A body with mass 6 kg is acted by a force F which varies with time t as shown in the graph
below.
F/N
10
T t/s
If the change of the momentum of the body after time T is 30 N s, what is the value of T ?
A 3s
B 5s
C 6s
960/1
34
D 12 s
Rumus yang manakah yang tidak mempunyai unit yang sama dengan kerja?
A Kuasa masa
B Tekanan isi padu
C Jisim keupayaan graviti
D Muatan haba tentu suhu
2 Sebiji bola dilontarkan ke atas beberapa kali dengan laju yang sama pada sudut pelontaran yang
berbeza. Graf yang manakah yang menunjukkan ubahan julat mengufuk R dengan sudut pelontaran
?
3 Satu jasad dengan jisim 6 kg ditindakkan oleh satu daya F yang berubah dengan masa t
ditunjukkan dalam graf di bawah.
F/N
10
T t/s
Jika perubahan momentum jasad itu selepas masa T ialah 30 N s, berapakah nilai T ?
A 3s
B 5s
C 6s
960/1
35
D 12 s
A It is always constant.
B It depends on the surface area.
C It depends on the nature of the surfaces.
D It is always smaller than the kinetic friction.
5 A car of mass m with effective power P and initial velocity u climbs a hill of height h. The car
arrives at the peak of the hill at velocity v in time t. Which is true of the motion?
A
Pt +
1 2 1 2
mu = mv + mgh
2
2
Pt +
1 2 1
mv = mu 2 + mgh
2
2
Pt + mgh =
1
1
mu 2 mv 2
2
2
Pt + mgh =
1 2 1
mv mu 2
2
2
6 A car of mass 1000 kg moves along the corner of a level road having a radius of curvature 35.0 m.
If the limiting frictional force between the tyres and the road is 4.0 kN, the maximum speed of the car
without skidding at the corner is
A 4.0 m s1
7
B 8.8 m s1
C 11.8 m s1
D 140.0 m s1
A ladder PQ with the centre of mass R resting on a wall QS is shown in the diagram below.
T
Q
R
U
S
If the ladder is in equilibrium and the resultant forces at P and Q are FP and FQ respectively, FP
and FQ must act through point
A R
B S
C T
960/1
36
D U
Penyataan yang manakah yang benar tentang geseran statik antara dua permukaan?
A Ia sentiasa malar.
B Ia bergantung kepada luas permukaan itu.
C Ia bergantung kepada sifat permukaan itu.
D Ia sentiasa lebih kecil daripada geseran kinetik.
5 Sebuah kereta berjisim m dengan kuasa berkesan P dan halaju awal u mendaki sebuah bukit
setinggi h. Kereta itu tiba di puncak bukit pada halaju v dalam masa t. Yang manakah yang benar
tentang gerakan itu?
A
Pt +
1
1
mu 2 = mv 2 + mgh
2
2
Pt +
1 2 1
mv = mu 2 + mgh
2
2
Pt + mgh =
1
1
mu 2 mv 2
2
2
Pt + mgh =
1
1
mv 2 mu 2
2
2
6 Sebuah kereta berjisim 1000 kg bergerak melalui satu selekoh jalan raya yang rata yang
mempunyai jejari kelengkungan 35.0 m. Jika had daya geseran antara tayar dengan jalan raya ialah
4.0 kN, laju maksimum tanpa tergelincir kereta pada selekoh itu ialah
A 4.0 m s1
7
B 8.8 m s1
C 11.8 m s1
D 140.0 m s1
R
U
S
Jika tangga itu berada dalam keseimbangan dan daya paduan di P dan Q masing-masing ialah FP
dan FQ, FP dan FQ mesti bertindak melalui titik
A R
B S
C T
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37
D U
A Youngs modulus
B Elastic limit
C Yield point
D Tensile strength
10 The temperature of two moles of a diatomic gas is raised by 8.0 C from room temperature. The
increase in the internal energy of the gas is
A 2.0 102 J
B 3.3 102 J
C 7.0 103 J
D 1.2 104 J
11 The ratio of the molar heat capacity of an ideal gas is 1.4. What is the number of degrees of
freedom of the gas?
A 3
B 5
C 6
D 7
12 Molar heat capacity at constant pressure differs from molar heat capacity at constant volume
because
A the internal energy of the gas is higher at constant pressure
B extra heat is required to expand the gas at constant pressure
C extra heat is required to increase the degree of freedom of the gas at constant volume
D work is required to overcome the attractive force between molecules which is stronger at
constant pressure
13 An ideal gas in a cylinder is compressed isothermally. Which statement is true of the gas?
A No work is done on the gas.
B Heat is released from the gas.
C The internal energy of the gas increases.
D The potential energy of the gas molecules increases.
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A Modulus Youngs
B Had kenyal
C Titik alah
D Kekuatan tegangan
10 Suhu dua mol gas dwiatom dinaikkan sebanyak 8.0 C dari suhu bilik. Pertambahan tenaga dalam
bagi gas itu ialah
A 2.0 102 J
B 3.3 102 J
C 7.0 103 J
D 1.2 104 J
11 Nisbah muatan haba molar suatu gas unggul ialah 1.4. Berapakah bilangan darjah kebebasan gas
itu?
A 3
B 5
C 6
D 7
12 Muatan haba molar pada tekanan malar berbeza daripada muatan haba molar pada isi padu molar
kerana
A tenaga dalam suatu gas adalah lebih tinggi pada tekanan malar
B haba tambahan diperlukan untuk mengembangkan gas pada tekanan malar
C haba tambahan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan darjah kebebasan gas pada isi padu malar
D kerja diperlukan untuk mengatasi daya tarikan antara molekul yang lebih kuat pada tekanan
malar
13 Suatu gas unggul dalam satu silinder dimampatkan secara isoterma. Penyataan yang manakah
yang benar tentang gas itu?
A Tiada kerja dilakukan ke atas gas.
B Haba dibebaskan daripada gas.
C Tenaga dalam gas itu meningkat.
D Tenaga keupayaan molekul gas meningkat.
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14 Two perfectly insulated uniform rods R and S of the same material joined thermally is shown in
the diagram below.
Insulator
100 C
50 C
Insulator
The length of rod R is two times the length of rod S. The cross-sectional area of rod R is half the
cross-sectional area of rod S. If the free ends of R and S are fixed at 100 C and 50 C respectively,
what is the temperature at the junction of rod R and rod S?
A 55 C
B 60 C
C 75 C
D 90 C
15 The Sun continuously radiates energy into space, some of which is received by the Earth. The
average temperature on the surface of the Earth remains at about 300 K because
A the Earth reflects the Suns light
B the thermal conductivity of the Earth is low
C the Earth radiates an amount of energy into space equal to the amount it absorbed
D the energy only raises the temperature of the upper atmosphere and never reaches the
surface
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14 Dua rod seragam R dan S yang bertebat dengan sempurna daripada bahan yang sama disambung
secara terma ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
Penebat
100 C
50 C
Penebat
Panjang rod R adalah dua kali panjang rod S. Luas keratan rentas rod R adalah setengah luas
keratan rentas rod S. Jika hujung bebas R dan S masing-masing ditetapkan pada 100 C and 50 C,
berapakah suhu pada simpang rod R dan rod S?
A 55 C
B 60 C
C 75 C
D 90 C
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16 A wire with cross-sectional area 0.50 mm2 and length 20.0 cm is pulled at both ends by a force of
55 N as shown in the diagram below.
F = 55 N
F = 55 N
Wire
[2 marks]
(b) If the extension is 0.40 cm, calculate the strain in the wire.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
(b) State two physical conditions under which a gas behave as an ideal gas.
[2 marks]
(c) A 0.035 m3 gas tank contains 7.0 kg of butane gas. Assuming that the gas behaves as an ideal
gas, calculate its pressure at 27 C.
[3 marks]
[The molecular mass of butane is 58 g mol1.]
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16 Satu dawai dengan luas kerata rentas 0.50 mm2 dan panjang 20.0 cm ditarik di kedua-dua hujung
oleh satu daya 55 N seperti ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
F = 55 N
F = 55 N
Dawai
[2 markah]
(b) Jika pemanjangan ialah 0.40 cm, hitung terikan dalam dawai itu.
[2 markah]
[2 markah]
[2 markah]
[2 markah]
(b) Nyatakan dua syarat fizikal yang mana satu gas bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul.
[2 markah]
(c) Sebuah tangki gas 0.035 m3 mengandungi 7.0 kg gas butana. Andaikan bahawa gas itu
bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul, hitung tekanannya pada 27 C.
[3 markah]
[Jisim molekul butana ialah 58 g mol1.]
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18 (a)
[2 marks]
(ii) In a perfect elastic collision, the total kinetic energy is conserved. Discuss a case where
the total kinetic energy is lost completely after a collision between two objects.
[2 marks]
(b) An object of mass M is moving with velocity u, and collides elastically with another object of
mass m at rest. After the collision, M and m move with velocities v1 and v2 respectively.
(i) Write the equations to show the conservation of the kinetic energy and the conservation
of the linear momentum.
[2 marks]
(ii) Using the equations in (b)(i), obtain a relationship between u, v1 and v2.
[3 marks]
(iii) Determine the condition required for the object of mass M to stop after the collision.
[3 marks]
(iv) If M = 40.0 g, m = 60.0 g and u = 8.0 m s1, calculate the percentage change in kinetic
energy of the object of mass M after the collision.
[3 marks]
19 (a)
[2 marks]
(ii) Explain why the force of gravity of the Earth on an object causes the object to
accelerate towards the Earth.
[2 marks]
(b) The weight of a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth is half of its weight on the surface
of the Earth. The mass of the satellite is 8.0 102 kg.
space.
[3 marks]
[2 marks]
(iii) Determine the minimum energy required by the satellite to escape from its orbit to
[3 marks]
(iv) If the satellite is replaced with another satellite of mass 1.6 103 kg, state the effect on
your answers for (i), (ii) and (iii).
.
[3 marks]
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18 (a)
[2 markah]
(ii) Dalam satu perlanggaran elastik yang sempurna, jumlah tenaga kinetik diabadikan.
Bincangkan satu kes dengan jumlah tenaga kinetik hilang sepenuhnya selepas perlanggaran antara dua
objek.
[2 markah]
(b) Satu objek berjisim M bergerak dengan halaju u, dan berlanggar secara elastik dengan objek
lain berjisim m yang berada dalam keadaan rehat. Selepas perlanggaran, M dan m bergerak masingmasing dengan halaju v1 dan v2.
(i) Tuliskan persamaan untuk menunjukkan keabadian tenaga kinetik dan keabadian
momentum linear.
[2 markah]
dan v2.
(ii) Dengan menggunakan persamaan dalam (b)(i), dapatkan satu perhubungan antara u, v1,
[3 markah]
(iii) Tentukan syarat yang diperlukan bagi objek berjisim M itu untuk berhenti selepas
perlanggaran.
[3 markah]
(iv) Jika M = 40.0 g, m = 60.0 g, dan u = 8.0 m s1, hitung peratusan perubahan tenaga
kinetik objek berjisim M itu selepas perlanggaran.
[3 markah]
19 (a)
[2 markah]
(ii) Jelaskan mengapa daya graviti Bumi pada satu objek menyebabkan objek itu memecut
ke arah Bumi.
[2 markah]
(b) Berat satu satelit dalam satu orbit bulat yang mengelilingi Bumi ialah setengah daripada
beratnya pada permukaan Bumi. Jisim satelit itu ialah 8.0 102 kg.
(i) Tentukan altitud orbit itu.
[3 markah]
[2 markah]
(iii) Tentukan tenaga minimum yang diperlukan oleh satelit untuk terlepas dari orbitnya ke
angkasa.
[3 markah]
(iv) Jika satelit itu digantikan dengan satelit yang lain berjisim 1.6 103 kg, nyatakan kesan
pada jawapan anda dalam (i), (ii), dan (iii).
[3 markah]
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45
20 (a)
[2 marks]
(ii) Using the first law of thermodynamics, explain the changes due to the work done in an
isothermal expansion and an adiabatic expansion for an ideal gas.
[5 marks]
(b) A pump which is used to compress air into a big tank is shown in the diagram below.
To tank
Valve
Piston
0.300 m
Initially the air in the pump is at atmospheric pressure 1.01 105 Pa and temperature 300 K. The
pump has a uniform cylindrical space of length 0.300 m, and the valve opens when the air in the pump
exceeds a pressure of 6.25 105 Pa. Assuming that the compression is adiabatic and that the air
behaves as a diatomic ideal gas,
(i) determine the distance for which the piston moves before the air starts to enter the tank,
[4 marks]
(ii) determine the temperature of the compressed air,
[2 marks]
(iii) determine the work done by the pump to fill 50.0 mol of air into the tank.
[2 marks]
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20 (a)
[2 markah]
Ke tangki
Injap
Piston
0.300 m
Pada awalnya udara di dalam pam ialah pada tekanan atmosfera 1.01 105 Pa dan suhu 300 K.
Pam itu mempunyai ruang silinder yang seragam dengan panjang 0.300 m, dan injap terbuka apabila
udara di dalam pam melebihi tekanan 6.25 105 Pa. Andaikan bahawa mampatan itu ialah mampatan
adiabatik dan udaranya bertindak sebagai satu gas unggul dwiatom,
(i) tentukan jarak pada ketika piston bergerak sebelum udara mula memasuki tangki,
[4 markah]
(ii) tentukan suhu udara yang termampat,
[2 markah]
(iii) tentukan kerja yang dilakukan oleh pam untuk memenuhkan 50.0 mol udara ke dalam
tangki itu.
[2 markah]
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Values of constants
(Nilai Pemalar)
Acceleration of free fall
9.81 m s2
Avogadro constant
(Pemalar Avogadro)
NA
Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Boltzmann)
k, kB
1.38 1023 J K1
Gravitational constant
(Pemalar graviti)
Magnitude of electronic
charge
1.60 1019 C
(Jisim Bumi)
ME
5.97 1024 kg
(Jisim Matahari)
MS
1.99 1030 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
1
9
1
10 F m
36
Plancks constant
(Pemalar Planck)
6.63 1034 J s
(Jejari Bumi)
RE
6.38 106 m
(Jejari Matahari)
RS
6.96 108 m
me
9.11 1031 kg
mp
1.67 1027 kg
3.00 108 m s1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Stefan-Boltzmann)
5.67 108 W m2 K4
1.66 1027 kg
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SPECIMEN PAPER
960/2
STPM
PHYSICS (FIZIK)
PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions in Section A. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers. For each
question, four suggested answers are given. Choose the correct answer and circle the answer.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be shown. For numerical
answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper
and arrange your answers in numerical order.
Values of constants are provided on page
in this question paper.
Arahan kepada calon:
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan diberikan. Pilih jawapan yang betul dan buat bulatan
pada jawapan tersebut.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah
ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
Mulakan setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda
mengikut tertib berangka.
Nilai pemalar dibekalkan pada halaman
kertas soalan ini.
This question paper consists of
printed pages and
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia
STPM 960/2
49
blank page.
halaman kosong.)
1 A Gaussian surface encloses a charge of 2.0 C in vacuum. What is the electric flux through the
surface?
A 1.8 1017 V m
B 4.4 106 V m
C 1.8 104 V m
D 2.3 105 V m
2
Permittivity
Thickness
Teflon
20
0.4 mm
Quartz
30
0.8 mm
Glass
40
1.0 mm
Mica
50
1.2 mm
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1 Satu permukaan Gauss mengurungi cas 2.0 C dalam vakum. Berapakah fluks elektrik menerusi
permukaan itu?
A 1.8 1017 V m
B 4.4 106 V m
C 1.8 104 V m
D 2.3 105 V m
2
Penyataan yang manakah yang tidak benar tentang cas terpencil sfera pengkonduksi?
Ketelusan
Ketebalan
Teflon
20
0.4 mm
Kuartz
30
0.8 mm
Kaca
40
1.0 mm
Mika
50
1.2 mm
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51
When the voltmeter reading has reached V0 at time t = T, the switch S is flipped to terminal 2.
Which graph shows the correct variation of voltmeter reading V with time t?
The equation which relates the electrical conductivity of the material of a conductor with other
ne 2t
, where n, e and m are symbols with the usual meaning. t in the equation
quantities is =
m
represents
52
4 Satu suis S yang disambungkan ke terminal 1 pada masa t = 0 ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah
litar di bawah.
Apabila bacaan voltmeter telah mencapai V0 pada masa t = T, suis S ditukar ke terminal 2. Graf
yang manakah yang menunjukkan dengan betul ubahan bacaan voltmeter V dengan masa t?
Persamaan yang mengaitkan kekonduksian elektrik bahan suatu konduktor dengan kuantitine 2t
, dengan n, e, dan m adalah simbol yang membawa makna yang biasa. t
kuantiti lain ialah =
m
dalam persamaan itu mewakili
53
When a potential difference V is applied across two ends of a copper wire with diameter d and
d
L
and length
with
length L, the drift velocity of the electrons is v. If a copper wire of diameter
2
4
potential difference of 2V applied across the two ends, the drift velocity, in terms of v, is
A v
B 2v
C 4v
D 8v
7 A cell of e.m.f. connected to three identical bulbs R, S and T and a rheostat XY is shown in the
circuit diagram below.
Y
T
R
If the contact P of the rheostat is adjusted towards Y, which statement is true of the changes in the
brightness of the three bulbs?
K
E is a dry cell of e.m.f. 1.5 V and internal resistance 0.50 . R is a resistor of 2.0 . When switch
K is open, the balance point P from X is 75 cm. When switch K is closed, the new balance point from
X is
A 30 cm
B 40 cm
C 60 cm
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54
D 75 cm
Apabila beza keupayaan V dikenakan merentas dua hujung satu dawai kuprum dengan garis pusat
d
d dan panjang L, halaju hanyut elektron ialah v. Jika satu dawai kuprum bergaris pusat dan panjang
2
L
dengan beza keupayaan 2V dikenakan merentas dua hujung, halaju hanyut, dalam sebutan v, ialah
4
A v
B 2v
C 4v
D 8v
7 Satu sel dengan d.g.e disambungkan ke tiga mentol R, S, dan T yang seiras dan satu reostat XY
ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah litar di bawah.
Y
T
R
Jika sesentuh P reostat dilaraskan ke arah Y, penyataan yang manakah yang benar tentang
perubahan kecerahan tiga mentol itu?
Satu potentiometer dengan 100 cm dawai XY ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah litar di bawah.
K
E ialah sel kering dengan d.g.e. 1.5 V dan rintangan dalam 0.50 . R ialah perintang 2.0 .
Apabila suis K dibuka, titik seimbang P daripada X ialah 75 cm. Apabila suis K ditutup, titik
seimbang daripada X yang baharu ialah
A 30 cm
B 40 cm
C 60 cm
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55
D 75 cm
9 An electron moves into a uniform magnetic field with a certain velocity. If the velocity of the
electron is in the same direction as the magnetic field,
A the electron accelerates
B the electron decelerates
C the electron continues to move with its original velocity
D the electron is deflected and moves in a circle at constant speed
10 Four parallel wires passing through the four vertices of a square WXYZ is shown in the diagram
below.
M
W
X
These wires carry currents of equal magnitude in the directions shown. The resultant magnetic
field at the centre O of the square is in the direction of
JJJJG
JJJG
JJJG
JJJG
A OM
B ON
C OP
D OQ
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9 Satu elektron bergerak masuk ke dalam medan magnet seragam dengan satu halaju tertentu. Jika
halaju elektron itu adalah searah dengan medan magnet,
A elektron itu memecut
B elektron itu nyahpecutan
C elektron itu terus bergerak dengan halaju asal
D elektron itu dipesongkan dan bergerak dalam satu bulatan dengan laju malar
10 Empat dawai selari yang melalui empat bucu satu segi empat sama WXYZ ditunjukkan dalam
gambar rajah di bawah.
M
W
X
Dawai-dawai ini membawa arus yang sama magnitudnya mengikut arah yang ditunjukkan.
Medan magnet paduan di pusat O segi empat itu ialah dalam arah
JJJJG
JJJG
JJJG
JJJG
A OM
B ON
C OP
D OQ
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57
P
. What do P and Q represent?
Q
Q
14 An alternating current I which flows through a 5 resistor is given by I = 2 sin (50t), where I is
in amperes and t in seconds. The mean power dissipated in the resistor is
A 5W
B 10 W
C 20 W
D 50 W
The r.m.s. voltage across R and C are 10 V and 7 V respectively. What is the r.m.s. voltage of the
source?
A 3V
B 12 V
C 17 V
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D 24 V
P
. Apakah yang mewakili P
Q
dan Q?
P
Beza keupayaan
sekunder
merentas
gegelung
14 Arus ulang-alik I yang mengalir melalui satu perintang 5 diberikan sebagai I = 2 sin (50t),
dengan I dalam ampere dan t dalam saat. Min kuasa yang terlesap dalam perintang ialah
A 5W
B 10 W
C 20 W
D 50 W
Voltan p.m.k.d. merentas R dan C ialah masing-masing 10 V dan 7 V. Berapakah voltan p.m.k.d.
sumber itu?
A 3V
B 12 V
C 17 V
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D 24 V
16 Two thin conducting plates have an area of 0.50 m2 each. They are placed parallel to each other
and 25 mm apart. One plate is maintained at +75 V while the other at 75 V by a d.c. supply.
(a) Define capacitance of a capacitor.
[1 mark]
[4 marks]
(c) Calculate the energy stored in the electric field between the plates.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
(b) Cell X of e.m.f. 3.0 V with internal resistance 1.0 and cell Y of e.m.f. 3.0 V with internal
resistance 2.0 are connected as shown in the circuit diagram below.
X
I
I2
5.0
I1
3.0
[4 marks]
[2 marks]
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16 Dua plat pengkonduksi nipis tiap-tiap satu mempunyai luas 0.50 m2. Plat-plat itu diletakkan selari
antara satu sama lain dan terpisah sejauh 25 mm. Satu plat dikekalkan pada +75 V manakala plat
yang satu lagi pada 75 V oleh satu bekalan a.t.
(a) Takrifkan kapasitans satu kapasitor.
[1 markah]
[4 markah]
(c) Hitung tenaga yang tersimpan dalam medan elektrik di antara plat-plat itu.
[2 markah]
[2 markah]
(b) Sel X mempunyai d.g.e. 3.0 V dengan rintangan dalam 1.0 dan sel Y mempunyai d.g.e.
3.0 V dengan rintangan dalam 2.0 disambungkan seperti ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah litar
di bawah.
X
I
I2
5.0
I1
3.0
[4 markah]
[2 markah]
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18 (a) Two fixed spherical conductors X and Y which is separated by a distance of 0.50 m is shown
in the diagram below.
2.0 C
+3.0 C
X
Y
0.50 m
Conductor X has a radius 0.15 cm and charge +3.0 C. Conductor Y has a radius of 0.30 cm and
charge 0.20 C.
(i) Calculate the force between the two spheres.
[3 marks]
(ii) The two spheres are then connected with a thin wire. The wire is then removed from
the spheres. Calculate the charge on each sphere.
[5 marks]
(b) (i) Using Gausss law, explain why a person inside a hollow metallic sphere of radius R
maintained at a high electric potential does not experience an electric shock.
[4 marks]
(ii) Sketch a graph of electric field E against distance r for r < R and r > R for the situation
in (b)(i).
[4 marks]
[2 marks]
(ii) the resistivity of a metal increases while the resistivity of a semiconductor decreases
when the temperature rises.
[4 marks]
(b) A current of 5.0 A flows in a wire of length 1.50 m and cross-sectional area 1.2 mm2. The
potential difference is 6.0 V.
(i) Determine the power dissipated in the wire.
[3 marks]
(ii) Determine the drift velocity of free electrons if the electron density is
1.5 1028 m3.
[3 marks]
(iii) Calculate the force experienced by a free electron if all the power dissipated in the wire
is used to drift the free electrons.
[3 marks]
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18 (a) Dua konduktor sfera yang ditetapkan X dan Y yang dipisahkan oleh satu jarak 0.50 m
ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
2.0 C
+3.0 C
X
Y
0.50 m
Konduktor X mempunyai jejari 0.15 cm dan cas +3.0 C. Konduktor Y mempunyai jejari 0.30
cm dan cas 0.20 C.
(i) Hitung daya di antara dua sfera itu.
[3 markah]
(ii) Dua sfera itu kemudiannya dihubungkan dengan satu dawai nipis. Dawai itu
kemudiannya ditanggalkan dari sfera-sfera itu. Hitung cas pada setiap sfera.
[5 markah]
(b) (i) Dengan menggunakan hukum Gauss, jelaskan mengapa seseorang di dalam satu sfera
logam lompang berjejari R dikekalkan pada suatu keupayaan elektrik yang tinggi tidak mengalami
renjatan elektrik.
[4 markah]
(b)(i).
(ii) Lakar satu graf medan elektrik E lawan jarak r untuk r < R dan r > R bagi situasi dalam
[4 markah]
[2 markah]
(ii) kerintangan satu logam bertambah manakala kerintangan satu semikonduktor berkurang
apabila suhu meningkat.
[4 markah]
(b) Satu arus 5.0 A mengalir dalam satu dawai yang panjang 1.50 m dan luas keratan rentas
1.2 mm2. Beza keupayaan ialah 6.0 V.
(i) Tentukan kuasa terlesap dalam dawai itu.
[3 markah]
(ii) Tentukan halaju hanyut elektron bebas jika ketumpatan elektron ialah 1.5 1028 m3.
[3 markah]
(iii) Hitung daya yang dialami oleh satu elektron bebas jika semua kuasa yang terlesap
dalam dawai itu digunakan untuk menghanyutkan elektron bebas itu.
[3 markah]
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20 (a)
[3 marks]
(ii) State two differences between the force due to electric field and the force due to
magnetic field on a charged particle.
[2 marks]
(iii) State Amperes law, and use it to derive the magnetic field of a long straight wire.
[4 marks]
(b) A long fixed horizontal wire PQ carries current 80.0 A in the direction QP as shown in the
diagram below.
Q
P
80.0A
80.0A
String
R
0.15m
S
A copper wire RS of diameter 0.40 mm having the same length of PQ hanging horizontally
0.15 m below PQ on two light strings. An e.m.f. source is connected across terminals R and S. If the
density of copper is 8930 kg m3, determine the minimum current and its direction needed to flow
through RS so that the tension in the strings is zero.
[6 marks]
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20 (a)
[3 markah]
(ii) Nyatakan dua perbezaan antara daya yang disebabkan oleh medan elektrik dengan daya
yang disebabkan oleh medan magnet pada satu zarah bercas.
[2 markah]
(iii) Nyatakan hukum Ampere, dan gunakan hukum Ampere untuk terbitkan medan magnet
satu dawai lurus yang panjang.
[4 markah]
(b) Satu dawai panjang mengufuk yang tetap PQ membawa arus 80.0 A dalam arah QP seperti
ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
80.0 A
Q
80.0 A
Tali
0.15m
S
Satu dawai kuprum RS bergaris pusat 0.40 mm mempunyai panjang yang sama dengan PQ
tergantung secara mengufuk 0.15 m di bawah PQ pada dua tali ringan. Satu sumber d.g.e. disambung
merentas terminal R dan S. Jika ketumpatan kuprum ialah 8930 kg m3, tentukan arus minimum dan
arah yang diperlukannya untuk mengalir melalui RS supaya tegangan dalam tali adalah sifar.
[6 markah]
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Values of constants
(Nilai Pemalar)
Acceleration of free fall
9.81 m s2
Avogadro constant
(Pemalar Avogadro)
NA
Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Boltzmann)
k, kB
1.38 1023 J K1
Gravitational constant
(Pemalar graviti)
Magnitude of electronic
charge
1.60 1019 C
(Jisim Bumi)
ME
5.97 1024 kg
(Jisim Matahari)
MS
1.99 1030 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
1
9
1
10 F m
36
Plancks constant
(Pemalar Planck)
6.63 1034 J s
(Jejari Bumi)
RE
6.38 106 m
(Jejari Matahari)
RS
6.96 108 m
me
9.11 1031 kg
mp
1.67 1027 kg
3.00 108 m s1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Stefan-Boltzmann)
5.67 108 W m2 K4
1.66 1027 kg
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SPECIMEN PAPER
960/3
STPM
PHYSICS (FIZIK)
PAPER 3 (KERTAS 3)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions in Section A. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers. For each
question, four suggested answers are given. Choose the correct answer and circle the answer.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be shown. For numerical
answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper
and arrange your answers in numerical order.
Values of constants are provided on page
in this question paper.
Arahan kepada calon:
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan diberikan. Pilih jawapan yang betul dan buat bulatan
pada jawapan tersebut.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah
ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
Mulakan setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda
mengikut tertib berangka.
Nilai pemalar dibekalkan pada halaman
kertas soalan ini.
This question paper consists of
printed pages and
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia
STPM 960/3
67
blank page.
halaman kosong.)
1 A particle of mass m performs a simple harmonic motion with amplitude A and frequency f. The
total energy of this simple harmonic motion is
A
1
2
mA2f
B 2mA2f
C 22mA2f
D 42mA2f
2 A spring-mass system experiences critical damping. Which graph represents the variation of the
displacement s with time t of the motion of the mass?
The oscillations of the particles between consecutive nodes of a standing wave have the same
A amplitude
B phase
C maximum velocity
D energy
4
A It is a transverse wave.
B The expression for its speed is 0 0 .
C It consists of vibrations in magnetic and electric fields.
D It can be polarised.
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1 Satu zarah berjisim m melakukan gerakan harmonik ringkas dengan amplitud A dan frekuensi f.
Jumlah tenaga gerakan harmonik ringkas ini ialah
A
1
2
mA2f
B 2mA2f
C 22mA2f
D 42mA2f
2 Satu sistem jisim-spring mengalami pelembapan genting. Graf yang manakah yang mewakili
ubahan sesaran s dengan masa t bagi gerakan jisim itu?
Ayunan satu zarah antara nod berturutan satu gelombang pegun mempunyai sama
A amplitud
B fasa
C halaju maksimum
D tenaga
4
0 0 .
69
5 If the level of intensity of a sound is raised by 10 dB, what is the ratio of the new sound intensity
to the original sound intensity?
A 0.1
B 1
D 1010
C 10
6 A guitar wire is 0.80 m long and of mass 5.0 g. If its frequency of fundamental mode of vibration
is 100 Hz, its tension is
A 40 N
B 128 N
C 160 N
D 200 N
7 Two thin lenses L1 and L2 which are placed coaxially at a distance 30 cm apart is shown in the
diagram below.
L2
L1
Each lens has a focal length of 40 cm. If the incident rays to L1 are parallel, the final image which
is produced after the rays pass through lenses L1 and L2 is
B 20 cm
C 30 cm
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D 40 cm
5 Jika paras keamatan satu bunyi dinaikkan sebanyak 10 dB, berapakah nisbah keamatan bunyi
baharu itu kepada keamatan bunyi asal?
A 0.1
B 1
D 1010
C 10
6 Seutas dawai gitar panjangnya 0.80 m dan berjisim 5.0 g. Jika frekuensi getaran mod asasnya
ialah 100 Hz, tegangannya ialah
A 40 N
B 128 N
C 160 N
D 200 N
7 Dua kanta nipis L1 and L2 yang diletakkan sepaksi pada jarak 30 cm di antara satu sama lain
ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
L2
L1
Setiap kanta mempunyai jarak fokus 40 cm. Jika sinar tuju ke L1 adalah selari, imej akhir yang
terhasil selepas sinar melalui kanta L1 dan L2 adalah
B 20 cm
C 30 cm
D 40 cm
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B 600 nm
C 650 nm
D 880 nm
B 40 s
C 60 s
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D 80 s
10 Penyataan yang manakah yang tidak benar tentang gentian optik multimod indeks berperingkat?
A Indeks biasan lapisan salutan adalah lebih besar daripada indeks teras lapisan salutan.
B Indeks biasan lapisan salutan adalah lebih kecil daripada indeks teras lapisan salutan.
C Jumlah pesongan dalaman berlaku pada sempadan salutan teras.
D Semua panjang gelombang sampai di hujung yang lain gentian pada masa yang berbeza.
11 Apabila cahaya dengan panjang gelombang 300 nm tuju pada permukaan satu logam, fotoelektron
dengan tenaga kinetik maksimum 2.0 eV dipancarkan dari permukaan logam itu. Berapakah panjang
gelombang maksimum cahaya yang boleh menyebabkan pancaran fotoelektron ini dari permukaan
logam itu?
A 200 nm
B 600 nm
C 650 nm
D 880 nm
B 40 s
C 60 s
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D 80 s
16 A body of mass 2.0 kg moves in simple harmonic motion. The displacement x from the
equilibrium position at time t is given by x = 6.0cos 0.22 t , where x is in metres and t in seconds.
(a) Determine is the amplitude and the period of the simple harmonic motion.
[3 marks]
[2 marks]
[3 marks]
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) If a particular ring of radius R is chosen and different values of accelerating voltage V are
1
. Deduce that the experiment is in agreement with de
recorded, sketch a graph of R against
V
Broglies hypothesis.
[6 marks]
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16 Satu jasad berjisim 2.0 kg bergerak dalam gerakan harmonik ringkas. Sesaran x daripada
kedudukan keseimbangan pada masa t berikan oleh x = 6.0cos 0.22 t , dengan x dalam meter dan t
dalam saat.
(a) Tentukan amplitud dan tempoh gerakan harmonik ringkas itu?
[3 markah]
[2 markah]
[3 markah]
17 Dalam satu uji kaji belauan elektron, satu alur elektron yang dipecutkan pada satu beza keupayaan
menuju secara normal pada satu filem emas yang sangat nipis. Beberapa gelang belauan bulat dilihat
pada satu filem fotograf.
(a) Jika voltan pada anod ditingkatkan, apakah yang terjadi pada gelang bulat itu?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Jika satu gelang tertentu yang berjejari R dipilih dan nilai berbeza voltan pecutan V
1
. Deduksikan bahawa uji kaji itu bersetuju dengan hipotesis de
direkodkan, lakar graf R lawan
V
Broglie.
[6 markah]
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18 (a) The displacement y at distance x and time t of a sound wave propagating in air can be
represented by
y = 7.5 104 sin (315t 1.05x),
where x and y are in metres and t in seconds.
(i) Sketch, on the same axes, graphs of y against x at times t = 0 and t =
period of the wave.
(b)
T
, where T is the
4
[2 marks]
[4 marks]
(iii) Calculate the phase difference between the origin and a point 2.0 m from it.
[3 marks]
[2 marks]
(ii) Describe the principle of Doppler radar used by the police to determine the speed of an
automobile.
[4 marks]
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18 (a) Sesaran y pada jarak x dan masa t suatu gelombang bunyi yang merambat di udara boleh
diwakili oleh
y = 7.5 104 sin (315t 1.05x),
dengan x dan y dalam meter dan t dalam saat.
(i) Lakar, pada paksi yang sama, graf y lawan x pada masa t = 0 dan t =
gelombang itu.
(b)
T
, dengan T kala
4
[2 markah]
[4 markah]
(iii) Hitung beza fasa di antara asalan dengan satu titik 2.0 m dari asalan.
[3 markah]
[2 markah]
(ii) Perihalkan prinsip radar Doppler yang digunakan oleh polis untuk menentukan laju
sesebuah kenderaan.
[4 markah]
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19 (a)
[2 marks]
[4 marks]
(b) The set-up for a Youngs double slit experiment is shown in the diagram below.
Light
source
Red
filter
Screen
The fringe pattern observed has fringe separation of 1.6 mm.
(i) If
D
a
is 2500, calculate the wavelength of the red light that passes through the filter.
[2 marks]
(ii) A blue filter is inserted to replace the red filter. Suggest what can be done to the set-up
to obtain the fringe pattern of the same fringe separation as in (b)(i).
[2 marks]
(iii) If a thin sheet of mica with refractive index 1.58 is placed in front of the upper slit,
explain the changes occurred to the fringe pattern.
[2 marks]
(iv) Given that the thickness of mica in (b)(iii) is 6.64 m, calculate the shift of fringe
D
pattern using
[3 marks]
= 2500 and = 450 nm.
a
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19 (a)
[2 markah]
(ii) Jelaskan syarat yang diperlukan untuk memperoleh satu corak interferen yang jelas.
[4 markah]
(b) Susunan bagi satu uji kaji dua celah Young ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
Sumber
cahaya
Penapis
merah
Tabir
Corak pinggir yang dicerap mempunyai pemisahan pinggir 1.6 mm.
(i) Jika
D
a
ialah 2500, hitung panjang gelombang cahaya merah yang melepasi melalui
penapis itu.
[2 markah]
(ii) Satu penapis biru dimasukkan untuk menggantikan penapis merah itu. Cadangkan
apakah yang boleh dibuat kepada susunan untuk memperoleh corak pinggir dengan pemisahan pinggir
sama seperti dalam (b)(i).
[2 markah]
(iii) Jika satu keping mika yang nipis dengan indeks biasan 1.58 diletakkan di hadapan
celah atas, jelaskan perubahan yang berlaku pada corak pinggir itu.
[2 markah]
(iv)
Diberikan bahawa tebal mika dalam (b)(iii) ialah 6.64 m, hitung anjakan corak
D
[3 markah]
pinggir menggunakan
= 2500 dan = 450 nm.
a
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20 (a)
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
(b) Solar energy is produced by fusion reactions in the Sun. One of the fusion processes is known
as proton-proton cycle which involves reactions as shown below.
+ 11 H
Reaction 1:
1
1H
Reaction 2:
2
1H
Reaction 3:
3
2 He
+ 11 H
+ 10 + Q1
2
1H
3
2 He
+ 23 He
+ Q2
4
2 He
+ 211 H + Q3
[3 marks]
(ii) Determine the number of protons required to form a helium nucleus 42 He in the above
continuous reactions.
[2 marks]
(iii) Determine the total energy, in Joules, released in forming a helium nucleus 42 He .
[2 marks]
(iv) The Sun radiates 4.0 1026 W at a constant rate and the total mass of protons in the Sun
is 2.0 1030 kg. Determine the approximate life span of the Sun if it radiates energy by the protonproton cycle reaction.
[4 marks]
[Atomic mass of 11 H is 1.00728 u, atomic mass of
0.00055 u and atomic mass of 42 He is 4.00150 u.]
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2
1H
20 (a)
[2 markah]
[2 markah]
(b) Tenaga suria dihasilkan oleh tindak balas pelakuran dalam Matahari. Satu daripada proses
pelakuran dikenal sebagai kitar proton-proton yang melibatkan tindak balas seperti yang ditunjukkan
di bawah.
+ 11 H
Tindak balas 1:
1
1H
Tindak balas 2:
2
1H
Tindak balas 3:
3
2 He
+ 11 H
2
1H
+ 10 + Q1
3
2 He
+ 23 He
+ Q2
4
2 He
+ 211 H + Q3
[3 markah]
(ii) Tentukan nombor proton yang diperlukan untuk pembentukan satu nukleus helium
dalam tindak balas selanjar di atas.
[2 markah]
(iii) Tentukan jumlah tenaga, dalam Joule, yang dibebaskan dalam pembentukan satu
[2 markah]
nukleus helium 42 He .
(iv) Matahari memancarkan 4.0 1026 W pada kadar malar dan jumlah jisim proton dalam
Matahari ialah 2.0 1030 kg. Tentukan anggaran tempoh hayat Matahari jika Matahari memancarkan
tenaga melalui tindak balas kitar proton-proton.
[4 markah]
[Jisim atom 11 H ialah 1.00728 u, jisim atom 21 H ialah 2.01355 u, jisim atom 10 ialah 0.00055 u
dan jisim atom 42 He ialah 4.00150 u.]
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Values of constants
(Nilai Pemalar)
Acceleration of free fall
9.81 m s2
Avogadro constant
(Pemalar Avogadro)
NA
Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Boltzmann)
k, kB
1.38 1023 J K1
Gravitational constant
(Pemalar graviti)
Magnitude of electronic
charge
1.60 1019 C
(Jisim Bumi)
ME
5.97 1024 kg
(Jisim Matahari)
MS
1.99 1030 kg
8.31 J K1 mol1
4 107 H m1
8.85 1012 F m1
1
9
1
10 F m
36
Plancks constant
(Pemalar Planck)
6.63 1034 J s
(Jejari Bumi)
RE
6.38 106 m
(Jejari Matahari)
RS
6.96 108 m
me
9.11 1031 kg
mp
1.67 1027 kg
3.00 108 m s1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
(Pemalar Stefan-Boltzmann)
5.67 108 W m2 K4
1.66 1027 kg
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SPECIMEN EXPERIMENT
960/4
STPM
PHYSICS (FIZIK)
PAPER 4 (KERTAS 4)
STPM 960/4
83
STPM PHYSICS
Experiment
Topic: Direct current circuit
Title: Potentiometer
Objective: To determine the internal resistance of a cell using a potentiometer
Theory:
Accumulator
S1
Dry cell
S1
= V + Ir
V
r=
I
V
r=
V
R
r = 1 R
V
r = o 1 R
l
lo
1
= r +1
l
R
1
l
Graph of o against
should be linear and the gradient is r.
R
l
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STPM PHYSICS
Apparatus:
(i) A potentiometer
(ii) A resistor-pack
(iii) Two on-off switches
(iv) A jockey
(v) A 2 V accumulator
(vi) A 1.5 V dry cell
(vii) A centre-zero galvanometer
Procedure:
(a) With S1 closed and S2 open, determine the balance length lo.
(b) With both S1 and S2 closed, determine the balance length l for various values of R.
(c) Plot a graph of
1
lo
against .
l
R
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86
SPECIMEN PAPER
960/5
STPM
PHYSICS (FIZIK)
PAPER 5 (KERTAS 5)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions. Write your answer in the spaces provided. All working should be shown.
Numerical answers should be given to an appropriate number of significant figures; units should
be quoted where appropriate.
Semua kerja
Jawapan berangka hendaklah diberikan hingga bilangan angka bererti yang sesuai; unit
hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
STPM 960/5
87
blank page.
halaman kosong.)
dQ
dt
given by
dQ
dt
= kA( 0 ),
where k is a constant which depends on the nature of its surface and A the surface area of the body
which is exposed to the surroundings. The rate at which thermal energy is lost from the body is given
by
dQ
dt
= mc
d
dt
where m is the mass of the body and c the specific heat capacity of the body. Thus
d
dt
kA
mc
( 0 ) .
An apparatus set-up used by a student to study the rate of cooling of a body is shown in the
diagram below.
Starting with water which was nearly boiling, the student recorded the temperature of hot water
at time t for each five minute interval, with the temperature of the surroundings 0 = 27 C. Then the
student plotted a graph of against t as shown in page __.
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dQ
dt
diberikan oleh
dQ
dt
= kA( 0 ),
dengan k pemalar yang bergantung pada sifat permukaannya dan A luas permukaan jasad yang
terdedah kepada persekitaran. Kadar kehilangan tenaga terma daripada jasad itu diberikan oleh
dQ
dt
= mc
d
dt
dengan m jisim jasad dan c muatan haba tentu jasad itu. Oleh itu
d
dt
kA
mc
( 0 ) .
Susunan radas yang digunakan oleh seorang pelajar untuk mengkaji kadar penyejukan satu jasad
ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
Termometer
Pengacau
Penutup kayu
Bikar
Air panas
Pelapik kayu
Bermula dengan air yang hampir mendidih, pelajar itu mencatat suhu air panas pada masa t bagi
setiap selang lima minit, dengan suhu persekitaran 0 = 27 C. Pelajar itu kemudian memplot graf
lawan t seperti yang ditunjukkan pada halaman __.
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Graf lawan t
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(a) Pada graf lawan t, lukis garis tangen pada = 40 C, 50 C, 60 C, 70 C, dan 80 C, dan
d
d
yang sepadan. Jadualkan , ( 0), dan
.
[5 markah]
tentukan kelerengan
dt
dt
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d
dt
against ( 0 ) .
[5 marks]
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d
dt
[5 markah]
lawan ( 0 ).
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(c) State two precautionary measures which need to be taken so that the variation of temperature
[2 marks]
of hot water with time t in the cooling process gives a good result.
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) Given that m = 1.0 kg, c = 4200 J kg1 K1 and A = 0.1 m2. Based on the graph of
against ( 0 ) , determine the value of k for the apparatus set-up.
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dt
[3 marks]
(c) Nyatakan dua langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil supaya ubahan suhu air panas
[2 markah]
dengan masa t dalam proses penyejukan itu memberikan keputusan yang baik.
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) Diberikan m = 1.0 kg, c = 4200 J kg1 K1, dan A = 0.1 m2.
lawan ( 0 ) , tentukan nilai k bagi susunan radas itu.
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Berdasarkan graf
dt
[3 markah]
An apparatus set-up to determine the resistivity of a wire is shown in the diagram below.
Initially the wire of length A is placed between O and P. The switch was closed and an ammeter
reading I was recorded. The jockey was then touched and slid along the wire until the original
reading I was obtained at point J. The distance x was then measured and recorded. The experiment
was repeated using different values of A.
The readings of A, I and x obtained are as follows.
( A 0.1) cm
105
100
95
90
85
(I 0.01) A
0.72
0.74
0.80
0.82
0.84
(x 0.1) cm
64.0
63.3
55.7
52.7
51.5
The diameters D of the wire for three different measurements were recorded as 0.56 mm,
0.57 mm and 0.56 mm.
The resistivity of the wire is given by =
D 2 E
4 Ix
(a) If E = 1.5 V, calculate the value of and its error without using the graphical method.
[4 marks]
(b) Describe a simple method to determine the e.m.f. of the dry cell.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
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2 Susunan radas untuk menentukan kerintangan seutas dawai ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah
di bawah.
Akumulator
Suis
Dawai gelongsor
Joki
Sel kering
Pada mulanya seutas dawai yang panjangnya A ditempatkan di antara O dengan P. Suis ditutup
dan bacaan ammeter I direkodkan. Joki kemudian disentuhkan dan digelongsorkan pada dawai
tersebut sehingga bacaan I yang asal diperoleh di titik J. Jarak x kemudian diukur dan direkodkan. Uji
kaji ini diulangi dengan menggunakan nilai A yang berlainan.
Bacaan A, I, dan x yang diperoleh adalah seperti yang berikut.
( A 0.1) cm
105
100
95
90
85
(I 0.01) A
0.72
0.74
0.80
0.82
0.84
(x 0.1) cm
64.0
63.3
55.7
52.7
51.5
Garis pusat D dawai untuk tiga pengukuran yang berlainan direkodkan sebagai 0.56 mm,
0.57 mm, dan 0.56 mm.
Kerintangan dawai tersebut diberikan sebagai =
D 2 E
4 Ix
(a) Jika E = 1.5 V, hitung nilai dan ralatnya tanpa menggunakan kaedah bergraf.
[4 markah]
(b) Perihalkan satu kaedah ringkas untuk menentukan d.g.e. sel kering itu.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
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(c) The position of J determined in this experiment is called the balance point. With the aid of a
diagram, describe another way to determine the position of J using the same apparatus and a
galvanometer.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) In this experiment, it was found that the accuracy of the experiment would increase when a
longer slide wire was used. Explain why this is the case.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(e) Suggest two precautions which should be taken in order to increase the accuracy of the
experiment.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
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(c) Kedudukan J yang ditentukan dalam uji kaji ini disebut titik keseimbangan. Dengan bantuan
gambar rajah, perihalkan satu cara lain untuk menentukan kedudukan J dengan menggunakan radas
yang sama dan sebuah galvanometer.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) Dalam uji kaji ini, didapati bahawa kejituan uji kaji akan meningkat apabila dawai gelongsor
yang lebih panjang digunakan. Jelaskan mengapa hal ini demikian.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
ini.
(e) Cadangkan dua langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk meningkatkan kejituan uji kaji
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
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(f) Using the data and resistivity formula given, describe briefly the graphical method to
[3 marks]
determine the resistivity of wire.
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(f) Dengan menggunakan data dan rumus kerintangan yang diberikan, perihalkan secara ringkas
[3 markah]
kaedah bergraf untuk menentukan kerintangan dawai.
103
(a) State a simple method to estimate the focal length of a convex lens.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) An apparatus set-up to determine the focal length of a convex lens is shown in the diagram
below. A light bulb was used as an object.
A student obtained several object distances u and the corresponding image distances v. A graph
of v against u was then plotted as shown on page . A graph of v = u was also drawn.
Determine the focal length f1 of the convex lens from the graphs.
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[3 marks]
(a) Nyatakan kaedah ringkas untuk menganggar panjang fokus satu kanta cembung.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Susunan radas untuk menentukan panjang fokus satu kanta cembung ditunjukkan seperti
dalam gambar rajah di bawah. Satu mentol digunakan sebagai objek.
Kanta
cembung
Tabir
Mentol
Plastisin
Seorang pelajar memperoleh beberapa jarak objek u dan jarak imej v yang sepadan. Satu graf v
lawan u kemudian diplot seperti yang ditunjukkan pada halaman . Graf v = u juga dilukis.
Tentukan panjang fokus f1 kanta cembung dari graf itu.
960/5
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[3 markah]
raph of v against u
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Graf v lawan u
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(c) A concave lens was then placed in contact with the convex lens to form a combined lens as
shown in the diagram below. The experiment was repeated.
[2 marks]
v/cm
100.00
25.5
67.0
30.0
50.0
35.9
40.0
38.5
33.0
57.0
25.0
154.0
1
u
960/5
108
/cm1
/cm1
(c) Satu kanta cekung kemudian diletakkan bersentuhan dengan kanta cembung itu untuk
membentuk satu kanta gabungan seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah. Uji kaji
diulangi.
Kanta
cembung
Kanta
cekung
Tabir
Mentol
Plastisin
[2 markah]
v/cm
100.00
25.5
67.0
30.0
50.0
35.9
40.0
38.5
33.0
57.0
25.0
154.0
1
u
960/5
109
/cm1
/cm1
1
v
against
960/5
110
1
v
lawan
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(iii) Write down the value of the intercept on each axis, and determine the focal length f of
the combined lens.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iv) Based on your graph, state two reasons why the experiment is considered not accurate.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) The focal length f of the combined lens is related to the focal length f1 of the convex lens and
the focal length f2 of the concave lens by the equation
1
f
1
f1
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1
f2
.
[2 marks]
(iii) Tulis nilai pintasan pada setiap paksi, dan tentukan panjang fokus f kanta gabungan.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iv) Berdasarkan graf anda, nyatakan dua sebab mengapa uji kaji itu dianggap tidak jitu.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(d) Panjang fokus f kanta gabungan dihubungkan dengan panjang fokus f1 kanta cembung dan
panjang fokus f2 kanta cekung oleh persamaan
1
f
1
f1
1
f2
.
[2 markah]
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