Chapter 13

DC-Motor Drives

These drives continue to be used

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-1

DC-Motor Structure

With permanent magnets or a wound field

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-2

DC-Motor Equivalent Circuit

The mechanical system can also be represented as

an electrical circuit
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-3

Four-Quadrant Operation of DC-Motor

Drives

High performance drives may operate in all four

quadrants
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-4

DC-Motor Drive Torque-Speed

Characteristics and Capabilities

With permanent magnets

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-5

DC-Motor Drive Capabilities

Separately-Excited field
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-6

Controlling Torque, Speed and Position

Cascaded control is commonly used

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-7

Small-Signal Representation of DC
Machines

Around a steady state operating point

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-8

Electrical Time-Constant of the DC Machine

The speed is assumed constant

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-9

Mechanical Time-Constant of the DC

Machine

The load-torque is assumed constant

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-10

DC-Motor Drive: Four-Quadrant Capability

If a diode-rectifier is used, the energy recovered

during regenerative braking is dissipated in a resistor
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-11

Ripple in the Armature Current

Bi-polar and uni-polar voltage switchings

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-12

Control of Servo Drives

A concise coverage is presented in Electric Drives: An

Integrative Approach by N. Mohan (www.MNPERE.com)
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-13

Effect of Blanking Time

Non-linearity is introduced
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-14

Converters for Limited Operational

Capabilities

Two switches for 2-quadrant operation and only one

switch for 1-quadrant operation
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-15

Line-Controlled Converters for DC Drives

Large low-frequency ripple in the dc output of

converters
Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-16

Four Quadrant Operation using Line

Converters

Two options to achieve 4-quadrant operation

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-17

Effect of Discontinuous Current Conduction

Speed goes up unless it is controlled

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-18

Open-Loop Speed Control

Adequate for general-purpose applications

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-19

DC Drive Characteristics and Capabilities

Line current in switch-mode

and line-converter drives

Copyright 2003
by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 13 DC Motor Drives

13-20