Scribd Logo
Carica

Benvenuto in Scribd!

  • Heat Ex

    Caricato da

    jeas grejoy
    5 visualizzazioni2 pagine
    The document discusses temperature profiles in a long-tube vertical evaporator heated by steam. As liquid flows up the tube, its temperature rises due to decreasing pressure up the tube until it reaches the boiling point. After boiling, the temperature drops as pressure decreases further up the tube. The liquid temperature profile in the tube increases then decreases with height. At higher liquid velocities, boiling occurs nearer the top of the tube. Steam entering the shell loses heat, first sensibly then latently as it condenses on the tubes, providing heat to boil the liquid. Correlations can be used to calculate heat transfer coefficients, accounting for fouling over time which reduces the overall heat transfer coefficient.

    Descrizione originale:

    changer

    Titolo originale

    heat ex

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Formati disponibili

    PDF, TXT o leggi online da Scribd

    Hai trovato utile questo documento?

    Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

    Segnala questo documento
    The document discusses temperature profiles in a long-tube vertical evaporator heated by steam. As liquid flows up the tube, its temperature rises due to decreasing pressure up the tube until it reaches the boiling point. After boiling, the temperature drops as pressure decreases further up the tube. The liquid temperature profile in the tube increases then decreases with height. At higher liquid velocities, boiling occurs nearer the top of the tube. Steam entering the shell loses heat, first sensibly then latently as it condenses on the tubes, providing heat to boil the liquid. Correlations can be used to calculate heat transfer coefficients, accounting for fouling over time which reduces the overall heat transfer coefficient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    5 visualizzazioni2 pagine

    Heat Ex

    Caricato da

    jeas grejoy
    The document discusses temperature profiles in a long-tube vertical evaporator heated by steam. As liquid flows up the tube, its temperature rises due to decreasing pressure up the tube until it reaches the boiling point. After boiling, the temperature drops as pressure decreases further up the tube. The liquid temperature profile in the tube increases then decreases with height. At higher liquid velocities, boiling occurs nearer the top of the tube. Steam entering the shell loses heat, first sensibly then latently as it condenses on the tubes, providing heat to boil the liquid. Correlations can be used to calculate heat transfer coefficients, accounting for fouling over time which reduces the overall heat transfer coefficient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 2

    16/07/2016

    NPTEL::ChemicalEngineeringHeatTransfer

    9.4Temperatureprofileinanevaporator
    Let us consider the case of longtube vertical evaporator heated by steam. After boiling and flashing of the superheated
    liquid,thedisengagementofthevaporandliquidoccurinvaporspaceoftheevaporatorandtherecycledliquidflowsdown
    theexternalpipe.Apartofthisconcentratedliquidiswithdrawnasaproductandtheremainingpartgetmixedwithafeed
    andagainentertheevaporatortube.IfTBPistheboilingoftheliquidintheevaporatorastheprevailingpressure,thenthe
    temperatureoftheliquidinthetubewillbeTBP.Thetemperatureoftherecycledstreamenteringthetubeswillthenalsobe
    TBP,ifthefeedissufficientlyhot.Now,wewillimaginehowthetemperatureischanginginthetube.Letusseethatwhen
    the liquid flows up in the tube, its temperature rises because at the bottom of the tube the pressure is higher (vapor
    chamberpressure+hydrostaticpressure+frictionalloss)ascomparedtothetopofthetube.Therefore,aliquidstarts
    boilingatalevelwhenitstemperaturerisestoitssaturationtemperatureatthepressureatthatpoint.Aftertheboilingin
    betweenthetube,asliquidgoesupinthetube,thelocaltemperaturedropsbecauseofthereductioninthelocalpressure.
    Itmayalsobementionedthatastheliquidmovesupitgetsconcentratedandthustheboilingpointofthesolutionalso
    increasesastheliquidtraversedupinthetube.Theliquidtemperatureprofileinthetubeisshowninthefig.9.4forlow
    (ploti)andhigh(plotii)liquidvelocity.Theliquidtemperatureinthetubesincreasesuptocertainheightandthenthe
    temperaturedecreasesduetothelossofsuperheat.Athighervelocitythetemperatureraiseislessandtheliquidboilsnear
    thetopofthetube.Theplot(iii)showstheshellsidetemperatureprofilewheresteamisheatingthetube.Ascanbeseen,
    theslightlysuperheatedsteamenterstheshellandsoonthetemperatureofthesteamlossesitssensibleheatandthen
    condensesonthetubesandprovidethelatentheatofcondensation(attemperatureTsteam)tothetubeandbeforeboiling
    fromtheshellmaygetslightlysubcooled.Theplot(iv)istheboilingtemperatureofthewater(Tw)atthepressureinthe
    vaporchamber.Thus,theBPE=TBPTwandthetruetemperatureduringforceisthedifferencebetweentheplot(iii)andthe
    plot(i)or(ii).
    Itcanbeunderstoodwiththehelpofthediscussionandfig.9.4thatthetemperaturechangesallalongthelengthofthe
    tube.Thus,therealtemperaturedrivingforcewillbethedifferenceinsteamtemperatureandliquidtemperaturealwaysthe
    high.However,itispracticallynoteasytodeterminethetemperatureprofileinthetube.Therefore,thedrivingforcecanbe
    takenas(TsteamTBP)forthedesignpurpose.
    9.5Heattransfercoefficient
    The correlation used in the boiling and condensation may be used here. If the evaporator operates at very high liquid
    velocitysothattheboilingoccursatthetopendofthetube,thefollowingcorrelation(eq.9.1)maybeused,
    (9.1)

    where,Distheinnerdiameterofthetube,kisthethermalconductivityoftheliquidorsolution.

    http://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103032/39

    1/2

    16/07/2016

    NPTEL::ChemicalEngineeringHeatTransfer

    Fig.9.4:Temperatureprofilesinanevaporator
    Foulingisaconcernintheevaporatorthereforethefollowingequation(eq.9.2)maybeusedfortheoverallheattransfer
    coefficientwithtime,
    (9.2)

    where,tisthetimeforwheretheevaporatoristheoperation,isaconstantforaparticularliquid,UdirtyandUcleanallthe
    overallheattransfercoefficientofthedirtyandcleanevaporator.

    http://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103032/39

    2/2

    Potrebbero piacerti anche