mqj;a m;a ni

99

# mqj;a m;a jd;d O iudc wOHdmk yd ixialD;sl

ugj,g wh;a ck fldgiaj,g jyd jegfykiq h hq;=
h'
# WmjdlH .Kkdjlska hq;= oSS> jdlH m%jD;a;s m;% f,aLkhg
wjYH ke;'
# ir, yd Rcq m%ldYk u wjYH h'
# ldh ndyq,Hfhka hq;= mqoa.,hkag fhda.H m%ldYk ,dihla
h hq;= h'
lu ldrl jdlH fkd j l;D ldrl jdlH fhdokak'
Tyq iska .Shla .dhkd flKs
hkqfjka fkd j"
Tyq .Shla .dhkd flf<a h
hkqfjka fhoSu mdGlhdg jgyd .ekSug myiq lrjhs'
bx.sisfhys will have been, would have been, might have been,
jeks ixlSK ld, jdpl fjkqjg ir, ld, jdpl fhdokak'
oS> jdlHdxYj,ska jdlH wdrN fkd lsrSug mqre jkak'
wuQ; (abstract) ixl,am fjkqjg jia;= jdpl (concrete)
ixl,am Nd; lsrSug yqre jkak'
fmd jpk fkd j fYaIs; jpk fhdokak ^oSma;su;a jK fkd lshd r;= yd
ks,a lshd fhdokak&
idudkH jpk fhh yels ieu ;ekl u tajd Nd; lrkak'
said, end lshd fhh yels k commenced, stated,
termination hkqfjka fhdokafka wehs@&

(began,

wNdj jdpl mo fjkqjg Ndj jdpl mo fhdokak' ^Tyq mrd;hd h

lshd ,sh yels k ch.%dylhd Tyq fkd f hehs ,su
wjHY fkd f' ksoiqka : f m%ldYh m%Yak u;= fkd lrkakla
fkd f'&
wkjYH Ndjd;aul fyda pu;aldrh okjk kdgHd;aul fyda
fh mqj;a m;a jd;djlg fhda.H fkd f'
< foaYk igyka

> mqj;a m;a ni.

/ < isx' 2202 ck udOH yd NdId jHjydrh >$ fojk jir fojk wO jdIslh$
r;akis wrx.," isxy, yd ck ikaksfok wOHhkdxYh' pradeepa33@hotmail.com; atmaja@sjp.ac.lk .

( Dont lard the story with emotive or dramatic words.)

lard noun, verb
noun [U] a firm white substance made from the melted fat of pigs that is
used in cooking
verb [VN] to put small pieces of fat on or into sth before cooking it
PHRASAL VERBS
lard sth with sth [usually passive]
(often disapproving) to include a lot of a particular kind of word or
expressions in a speech or in a piece of writing:
His conversation was larded with Russian proverbs.

wkjYH" w: rys;" tfuka u jdlHhla ;=< w;rux jQ fia fmfkk

(derelicts) fhj,ska bj;a jkak'
fl jdlH Nd; lrkak'

tfy;a jdlH ish,a, tldldr h hq;=

fkd f'

jpk hkq lreKq h' tneka tajdys w:h fuka u wlaIr kHdih o ^Tn
u fyda okakd fjk;a flfkl= ,jd fyda & mrSlaId lsrSug mshjr .; hq;= h'

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

w;HjYH wjia:djl yer yels ieu g u

fYaIK mo Nd;fhka bj;a u fhda.H h'
(Practical Newspaper Reporting, pp.77 78.)
The problem with codes
o
Double meanings
Sentence length
o
The right word order
The right word
o
Variety and rhythm
Correct language
o
Political correctness
Words and idioms
o
Loaded words
Slang and contractions
o
Numbers
Technical language
Foreign words

< foaYk igyka

> mqj;a m;a ni.

/ < isx' 2202 ck udOH yd NdId jHjydrh >$ fojk jir fojk wO jdIslh$
r;akis wrx.," isxy, yd ck ikaksfok wOHhkdxYh' pradeepa33@hotmail.com; atmaja@sjp.ac.lk .

mqj;a m;a ni
woH;k m%jD;a;s m;% yd i`.rd m%ldYk lafIa;%h wkH NdIduh wdprK moaO;Skag jvd
fjkia mD:q, NdIduh fNaok m%lg lrjkakls' mqj;a m;l msgq w;ka wmg m%jD;a;s jd;d"
l;DjdlH" ksudKd;aul rpkd" pdr" mdGl ,sms" YSI mdG" wkqYSI mdG yd ye|ska mdG"
ksfok yd oeka" l%Svd m%jD;a;s" rEmjdyskS yd ffhda jev igyka ia;r" ldgQka fonia"
;r." yriamo m%fya,sld i|yd jk b`.s" fjf<| oeka wd tlsfklg inkaOhla fkdue;s
O NdIduh ixlSKhla yuq fjhs' we;e g i;s wka; mqj;a m;a iu`. Odldr ud;Dld
hgf;a ,shjqKq fYaIdx. w;sfl o wmg yuq fjhs'
m%jD;a;s m;% lafIa;%h ;=< mq,a wka;.;hla mej;Su fya;=fjka tl u jd.a ,dihla
(diction) fyda rpkd ffY,shla fyj;a m%ldYk ,dihla (style) fyda ye|sk .; fkd yels h'
jd.a ,dih (diction) hkqfjka woyia flfrkafka f,aLkfha jpk f;dard .<md .kq ,nk
wdldrh hs' tk w: m%ldYkh i|yd jpk Nd; lsrSu hs' m%ldYs; wjia:dj yd Ihh wkqj
wod< jd.a ,dih f;dard .; hq;= f' weiafgdag,a mjid we;s m l%shdld;ajh" p;
ksrEmKh yd ka;kh hk wx. flfrys w,am wjOdkhla oelafjk wjia:djkays ;% jd.a
,dih fhda.H fjhs' w;sYhska ;% jd.a ,dih p; ksrEmKhg fuka u ka;khg o ndOd
muqKqjhs' hk lreK flfrys wm wjOdkh fhduq h hq;= h' ffY,sh (style) k m%ldYk
,dih hs' (the dress of thought Samuel Wesley; proper words in proper place Jonathan Swift;
high breeding in words and in argument W.B. Yeats) tk l:lhd fyda f,aLlhd fyda iska
Nd; flfrk jdxud,dj" ;dkh$ iajrh (tone)" jd.,xlrK hkdh hs' Ydia;%Sh f,aLkhl
Ih lreKq flfrys Rcq wjOdkh fhduq flfrk neka ksYa;d:j;a rpkd ffY,shla
fyj;a
m%ldYk ,dihla Nd; l< hq;= f' ksudK lD;shl woyia hgm;a
kaokd;aul ikaksfokhla wfmalaIs; neka wod< ldhh yd wjia:dj wkqj rpkd
ffY,sh fyj;a m%ldYk ,dih ilia lr .ekSug f,aLlhdg bv ,ef'
we;e rgj, m%jD;a;s m;% wdh;khg wdfKsl jQ ffY,shla (house style) mj;ajd f.k
hkq ,ef' wfma rf o we;e wjj, iQ fcHIAG mqj;a m;a l,dfka Tjqkaf.a ffY,sh
ksid fYAI we.hSulg md;% jQ nj fmkajd h yels h' pkar;ak udkjisxyf.a j.;=. ;Srej
^,xldm m;%h& yd ' ta' isjOkf.a l;D jdlH yd YSI mdG ^we;a; m;%h& f wkaoka
f,aLlhdf.a wkkH;dj fy<s lrk rpkd ffY,shla m%lg l< wjia:d hs' tfy;a iuia;
wdh;kfha u f,aLlhka w;r iurEmS rpkd ffY,shla (homogeneous style) Nd; u oelsh
fkd yels h'
udOHfha iSud fya;= fldg f.k WoaNj jQ ndysr iudk;d lsysmhla o m%jD;a;s m;% rpkd
ffY,sh inkaOfhka wfma wjOdkhg ,la fjhs'
m%jD;a;s m;%hl bvlv w;sYhska iSud iys; jk neka m< lrk m%jD;a;sh fyda m%ldYh
fyda woyi idudkHfhka bv ;Srejla (column) ;=<g yl=jd ,Sug is fjhs' tfy;a tys
m%ldYs;fhys wka;.;h ySk ug fuka u mdGl .%dyH;ajh W!k ug o we;s bv j,ld .;
hq;= h' mqj;a m;la inkaOfhka k fujeks wjia:djl fhdokq ,nk wl=rej, m%udKh
yd yevh" YSI mdGfha ;%Ndjh yd wkqYSImdG fhoSf ixLHd;h" fl fo yd
ixlaIsma; jdlH Nd;h hkd idOl flfrys wjOdkh fhduq l< yels f' m%jD;a;s m;%hl
mdGl wjOdkh .%yKh lr .ekSug PdhdrEm fuka u wod< m%jD;a;sh inkaO kj;u
;;a;ajh o Wmfhda.s lr .ekSug bv ;sf'
Wmhqla; jdx ud,dj yd rpkd ffY,sh fuka u jHdlrK m%fhda. o mdGl wjOdkh
r|jd .ekSf bjy,a fldg .; yels h' ksoiqka jifhka" wka;.;h m%Yak iajrEmS yd
m%ldYk iajrEmS jdlHj,g jvd ir, wdLHdk iajrEmS jdlHj,ska iuka; u jeo.;a h'
tfuka u YSI mdG yd ye|ska mdGj, yer fiiq wjia:dj, w;S; ld, jdlH Nd;h
fhda.H nj lsh yels h' tfy;a Yd, jifhka fun idudkH ixfrdaOk we;=<; o mD:q,
ffY,Sh O;ajhla oel .; yels f'
uqs; udOH lafIa;%fha O m%j. wkqj o iajpdrS jQ rpkd ffY,s ykd .; yels
jkq we;' ksoiqka jifhka mqj;a m;aj, iq,n j yuq jk ''''''''' m%ldY lr isfha h ''''''ys
mx '''' ye whl= jk '''''' jeks fh jdr i`.rd wd fjk;a m%ldYkj, yuq fkd jk
wkaou flfrys wjOdkh fhduq l< yels h'
< foaYk igyka > mqj;a m;a ni.
3
/ < isx' 2202 ck udOH yd NdId jHjydrh >$ fojk jir fojk wO jdIslh$
r;akis wrx.," isxy, yd ck ikaksfok wOHhkdxYh' pradeepa33@hotmail.com; atmaja@sjp.ac.lk
.

YSI mdG
mqj;a m;a YSI mdGj, NdIdj idudkH NdId jHjydrfhka fjkia jk ,laIK
.Kkdjla flfrys wfma wjOdkh fhduq l< yels h' idudkH jHjydrfha ke;s j u ne
hehs ie,lsh yels wkjYH jpk bj;a lsrSfuka YSI mdGhlg ixlaIsma;Ndjhla fuka u
ksYa; yevhla o (elliptical and telegrammatic) f.k fokq ,ef' jdlH rgd o mgq mrdihla
;=<g iSud jQ njla fmkakq lrhss' ksoiqka jifhka uE; oYl lsysmhl muK isg bx.sisfhys
about hkak fjkqjg on hkak fhdod .ekSug keUqre jQ wdldrh NdId{hkaf.a wjOdkhg
fhduq ;sf' ( G. W. Turner, Stylistics)
Bishops disagree on divorce
Protest on rail cuts
New move on libraries
Concern on smoking

flfia jqj o" jdlH kHdih inkaO iSud mj;sk kuq" mqj;a m;a YSI mdG yd
WmYSI i|yd Wmhqla; jdx ud,dj yd rpkd ffY,sh mqj;a m;a nfiys iqfYaI ,laIKhla fia
ie,fla' fuys tla wka;hl idudkH ir, yd w;sYfhdala;sfhka fuka u Ndjd;aul
fhj,ska o f;dr Rcq m%ldYk .Khg we;=<;a l< yels YSI mdG ;sh yels w;r wksla
wka;h w;sYhskA Ndjuh yd fkdmsg yerjQ fh fuka u wiu; wmNdIK fuka u
WmNdIduh ksoYk o .e jQjla h yels h'
ksoiqka :

ys,a uel=j whjehla!(we;a;)

mdka ,dnhs! oex ''ldmx! (we;a;)
B' we,a'f.a mjq, /fla! (we;a;)
f.dkd jqKdg WnE fkdlshka! (we;a;)
mia fokd u .ia!
ue;sKs w.ue;sKs (oji?)
;ek ;ek ;eks;,dj, ;K jj;s! (,xldm)
Moon Struck (Texas Monthly)
Sperm Bank for Lesbians (Metro)
The Deaf Leading the Deaf

fyd| YSI mdGhla ,su tla /hlska m%.=K l< yels Ys,amhla fkd j l,djla fia
ie,lsh yels h' tfy;a iyc f,aLk yelshdfjka hq;= whl=g tu yelshdj jOkh lr
.ekSfuka fun Yla;shla jOkh lr .; yels .ekSu wiSre fkd f' YSI mdGhla hkq
yqfola jd;df wka;.;h idrdxY lsrSula fkd j m%jD;a;shla mdGlhdg wf, lsrSug
.kakd mshjrls'
lshu yd je r wOHhkh i|yd
1. David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of Language,(1987) 1992.
2. M.V.Kamath, The Journalists Handbook, 1983.
3. Geoffrey Harris and David Spark, Practical Newspaper Reporting,(1966) 2001.
4. Brendan Hennessy, Writing Feature Articles,(1989) 2002.
5. London School of Journalism, Journalism and Newswriting, 2002.
6. London School of Journalism, Freelance Journalism, 2002.
< foaYk igyka

> mqj;a m;a ni.

/ < isx' 2202 ck udOH yd NdId jHjydrh >$ fojk jir fojk wO jdIslh$
r;akis wrx.," isxy, yd ck ikaksfok wOHhkdxYh' pradeepa33@hotmail.com; atmaja@sjp.ac.lk
.