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Calculate the pH of the solution when 0.1 M CH3 COOH (50 ml) and 01. M NaOH (50 ml) are mixed,
[Ka (CH3COOH)=10-5]
Solution:
CH3 COO_ + H+ (I)
CH3 COOH
H2O (II)
(I) + (II)
CH3COOH + OH- CH3COO- + H2O . (III)
0.05-X
0.05-x
We have already seen that even though when CH3COOH is titrated with NaOH the reaction does not
go to completion but instead reaches equilibrium. We can assume that the reaction is complete and
then salt gets hydrolysed because, this assumption will help us to do the problem easily and it does
not effect our answer.
First of all we would calculate the concentration of the salt, CH 3COONa. For reaching equivalence
point,
N1V1 = N2V2
0.1 25 = 0.05 V2
V2 = 50 ml
Therefore [CH3COONa] = (0.1 25)/75 =0.1/3
[H+] =
[H+] = 2.32 105
pH = log 2.32 105 = 8.63
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Question 3:
Given the solubility product of Pb3 (PO4)2 is 1.5 x 10-32.Determine the solubility in gms/litre.
Solution:
Solubility product of Pb3 (PO4)2 = 1.5
Pb3 (PO4)2
3Pb2+ + 2PO43-
x = 1.692
107 moles/lit
1032
104 g/lit
Solubility product is
Ksp(SrC2O4) = [Sr2+] [C2O42] = (5.4
104)2-
107
= 2.92
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Question 4:
What is pH of 1M CH3COOH solution? To what volume must one litre of this solution be diluted so
that the pH of resulting solution will be twice the original value. Given : K a = 1.8 105
Solution:
H3CCOOH
H2O
H3CCOO +
t=0
1M
-xM
xM
xM
H3O+
0
__________________________________________
t = teq
(1-x)M
Now, let 1L of 1M ACOH solution be diluted to VL to double the pH and the conc. of diluted solution
be C.
H3CCOOH + H2O
t=0
H3CCOO
C
1.8
0
105
1.8
H3O+
0
105
1.8
105
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t= teq
C 1.8
105
1.8
105
1.8
105
New pH = 2
old pH = 2
2.37 = 4.74
C = 3.6
105
105 L
on dilution
M1V1 = M2V2
1M
1L = 3.6
105 L
V2
104 L
V2 = 2.78
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Question 5 :
Find the concentration of H+, HCO3- and CO32-, in a0.01M solution of carbonic acid if the pH of this is
4.18.
Ka1(H2CO3) = 4.45
Solution:
pH = log[H+]
4.18 = log [H+]
[H+] = 6.61
H2CO3
105
H+ + HCO3-
again, HCO3-
H+ + CO32-
1011
[CO32-] = 4.8
1011
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Question 6:
Calculate the molar solubility of Mg(OH)2 in 1MNH4Cl
KspMg(OH)2 = 1.8
Kb(NH3) = 1.8
1011
105
Solution:
Mg(OH)2(s)
2NH4+ + 2OH-
Mg++ + 2OH
2NH4OH
K1 = Ksp
K2 = 1/K2b
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Question 7:
An aqueous solution of metal bromide MBr2 (0.05M) in saturated with H2S. What is the minimum pH
at which MS will ppt.?
Ksp =(MS) = 6
1021
107
1013
Solution:
In saturated solution of MS
MS(s)
M++ + S2-
The precipitate of MS will form only if [S] exceeds the concentration of 1.2
H2S
H+ + HS
Ka1
H2S
H+ + S--
Ka2
1019
H2S
2H+ + S2
K = 1.3
1020
[H+] = 0.109
pH = 0.96
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Question 8 :
How much AgBr could dissolve in 1.0 L of 0.4 M NH 3? Assume that [Ag (NH 3)2]+ is the only complex formed given,
Kf [Ag(NH3)2+]=1.0 108, Ksp (AgBr)= 5.0 10-13
Solution:
AgBr
Ag+ + Br-
Ag+ + 2NH3
Ag (NH2)2+
Let x= solubility ,
Then x= [Br-]=[Ag+]+[Ag(NH3)2+]
x2=8.010-6
x=2.810-3 M
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Question 9:
Equal volumes of 0.02 M Ag NO3 and 0.02 M HCN were mixed. Calculate [Ag+] at equilibrium given, Ksp (AgCN)= 2.2 10-16
Ka (HCN)= 6.2 10-10
Solution.
Initially, assume complete precipitation
Ag+ + HCN AgCN + H+, since the solution
were diluted to double volume
concentration of [H+] = 0.02/2 = 0.01M
Now consider the equilibrium
AgCN
Ag+ + CN-
HCN
H+ + CN-
Since every dissolved CN- is also hydrolyzes into HCN up to certain extent.
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Question 10 :
What is solubility of PbS (a) ignoring the hydrolysis of ions (b) including the hydrolysis of ions (assume pH of solution = 7).
Given that:
Solution:
Pb++ + S
a) Pbs(S)
1015
Substituting the values of [Pb++] and [S] from equations (c) and (d), we get
Solution:
Let molar solubility of MnS be XM
Mn(s)
Mn2+ + S2-
K2=2.5 102
Assume that S2O3-- dose not hydrolyze
[Cd2+] + [Cd(S2O2)] + [Cd(S2O3)22-] = 0.00050
[Cd2+]+K1 [Cd ++] S2O3--] + K1K2 [Cd2+] [S2O32-]2= 0.00050
[Cd2+]= Ksp/[OH-]2 = 4.5 10-9 M
let [S2O32--]=x
then, 1+K1x+K1K2x2= 1.1 105
x = 0.2009
Wt/Mwt = 0.2009
wt = 0.2009 158 =31.74
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Question 13:
A solution contains a mixture of Ag+ (0.1M) and Hg22+ (0.1M) which are to be separated by selective precipitation.
Calculate the maximum concentration of iodide ion at which one of them gets precipitated almost completely. What
percentage of that metal ion is precipitated?
Ksp (AgI) = 8.5 1017