CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
According to WHO, Health is a healthy state of physical, mental and the
social, not merely a state without disease or weakness.
A healthy emotional, psychological and the social as seen from
satisfactory interpersonal relationships, effective coping behavior, positive
self-concept, and emotional stability (Johnson, 2011).
Mental health is health condition of emotional, intellectual,
and

emotional

in

optimal

from

someone

and

this

development is harmonic with others people (Law of

mental health No. 3, 1996 years).
According to Abdul Natsir, et all (2011), mental health is ability to self
control in facing the stressor in other environment with positive thinking
in harmonic without physical stressor and physicological stressor in
internal or external that to emotional stability.
The American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2011) defines a mental
disorder as a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome
or pattern that occurs in an individual and is associated with present
distress or disability or with significantly increased risk of suffering death,
pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom.
About 450 million people suffer from mental disorders according to
estimates given in WHOs World Health Report 2001. One person in four
will develop one or more mental or behavioural disorders1 during their
lifetime (WHO, 2001b). Mental and behavioural disorders are present at
any point in time in about 10% of the adult population worldwide. One
1

fifth of teenagers under the age of 18 years suffer from developmental,

emotional or behavioural problems, one in eight has a mental disorder;
among disadvantaged children the rate is one in five. Mental and
neurological dis orders account for 13% of the total Disability Adjusted
Life Years (DALYs) lost due to all diseases and injuries in the world
(WHO, 2004d). Five of the ten leading causes of disability worldwide are
psychiatric conditions, including depression, alcohol use, schizophrenia
and compulsive disorder (Murray & Lopez, 1996). Projections estimate
that by the year 2020 neuropsychiatric conditions will account for 15% of
disability worldwide, with unipolar depression alone accounting for 5.7%
of DALYs.
According to Health Department of Indonesia patient with mental health
disorder on 2007-2012 year achieving 29 million people with categories
11.8% with moderate mental health disorder of population and 0.47% with
severe mental health disorder.
Based on statistic data of Banjarmasin Sambang Lihum Mental Hospital,
there were hospitalizations patients with residual schizophrenia in 2011
were 183 people and for outpatients with residual schizophrenia in 2011
were 1234 people. Hospitalization patient with residual schizophrenia in
2012 were 159 people and for outpatients with residual schizophrenia in
2012

were

1450

people.

Hospitalization

patient

with

residual

schizophrenia in 2013 were 191 people and for outpatient with residual
schizophrenia in 2013 were 1640 people.
Statistic data in Akasia ward of Sambang Lihum Mental Hospital, there
were hospitalizations patiens with social isolation in 2011 were 3 people,
in 2012 were 14 people, and in 2013 were 13 people.

Based on the above phenomenon arises a desire to lift the Nursing Care
to Client with Social Isolation Nursing Diagnosis experienced by the
client comprehensive covers biological, psychological, social, spiritual,
using the nursing process approach.
1.2 General purpose
The general objective of this paper is to carry out nursing care to client
with social isolation nursing diagnosis of the nursing process in a
comprehensive approach includes bio psycho social and spiritual.
1.3 Specific purpose
The specific purpose of this report can be formulated as follows:
1.3.1 To get real experience in do assessment on client with specific
1.3.2

problem of social isolation.

To get real experience in make nursing diagnose and decision of

1.3.3

nursing care planning with principal problem of social isolation.

To get real experience in do intervention on client with principal

1.3.4

problem of social isolation.

To get real experience in do nursing implementation on client with

1.3.5

principal problem is social isolation.

To get real experience in evaluation and documentation of client
nursing care with principal problem is social isolation.

1.4 Significance of study

The Significance of this report can be formulated as follows:
1.4.1 For institution of nursing service
As

critical

read

material

to

effort

raising

and

development of nursing science in hospital

1.4.2

For hospital
As

critical

read

material

for

health

worker

in

Sumbang Lihum Psychiatric Hospital Banjarmasin to

more know and increasing experience about nursing
care of client with social isolation diagnose.
1.4.3 For student

As critical knowledge material and get real experience

and escalate of writer knowledge about development of
science that has got in education.

1.5 Writing Method

The writing method of this report can be formulated as follows:
1.5.1 Literature study
To get basic data, writer using or read references related to social
1.5.2

isolation.
Case study
To case study, writer learning of client case using problem solve
method through approach or nursing process that comprehensive
that include assessment, analysis, nursing diagnose, planning,
implementation and evaluation

1.5.3

Technique of data collection

The technique of data collection as follows:
1.5.3.1 Interview
Writer do catechize in direct way to client, family, nurse,
and doctor that caring to get data need in Sambang Lihum
mental hospital.
1.5.3.2 Observation
Writer monitor the client directly to know how the
implementation of treatment and client condition.
1.5.3.3 Documentation
Writer gather the data/information from nursing transcript
of client status and discuss it with health team in
Sambang Lihum Psychiatric Hospital Banjarmasin.

1.6
Organization of Writing
This paper is organized as follows:
Chapter 1 Introduction : consist of background, general
purpose, specific
purpose, significance of study, and writing method.
Chapter 2

Theoretical

concept

of

background:

social

isolation

theoretical background.

consists
and

of

nursing

basic
care

Chapter 3 Nursing care: consists of assessment, data

analysis,
intervention, implementation, and evaluation.
Chapter 4 Closing: conclusion and suggestion.